INGLÊS BÁSICO PARA O AMBIENTE ACADÊMICO

Aula 05: O parágrafo em Inglês

 O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

A paragraph is a number of
sentences grouped together and
relating to one topic. Or, a group TOPIC SENTENCE

of related sentences that develop SUPPORTING SENTENCE 1

a single point. SUPPORTING SENTENCE 2

SUPPORTING SENTENCE 3
CONCLUSION SENTENCE

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 Jon Ziomek, professor at the Medill
School of Journalism

The Principle of Good Paragraph Structure

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS
 The Principle of Good Paragraph Structure

A good paragraph should have + Unity;

three aspects.
+ Order; Jon Ziomek, professor at the Medill

+ Variety.
School of Journalism

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 TOPIC SENTENCE
Thesis Relate paragraph
Statement to thesis
Topic Any given
Sentence paragraph
Transition

Refer to
Introduction
evidence and
explanation
Give context

Evidence

Explain
significance Transition
Explanation Conclusion
Relate evidence to topic sentence
Sum up paragraph and affirm claim of topic sentence
AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS https://www.scribbr.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/paragraph-structure-academic-essay-thumb.png
 PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE

Introduce

topic sentence / the

paragraph topic,
central idea/summary

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE

Provide
Introduce and
explain

topic sentence / the here we use all

paragraph topic, the stratagies
central idea/summary

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE

Provide
Introduce and Conclude
explain

topic sentence / the here we use all if possible write an

paragraph topic, the stratagies ending sentence
central idea/summary

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

Topic Sentence: This sentence tells the reader the main idea,
or what the paragraph will be about.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

Topic Sentence: This sentence tells the reader the main idea,
or what the paragraph will be about.

Supporting Sentence One: This sentence gives specific

details relating to the main idea.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

Topic Sentence: This sentence tells the reader the main idea,
or what the paragraph will be about.

Supporting Sentence One: This sentence gives specific

details relating to the main idea.

Supporting Sentence Two: This sentence gives another

specific detail relating to the main idea.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

Supporting Sentence Three: This sentence gives more

specific details relating to the main idea.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARTS OF A PARAGRAPH

Supporting Sentence Three: This sentence gives more

specific details relating to the main idea.

Concluding Sentence: This sentence refers to the topic

sentence and sums up the main idea of the paragraph.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 PARAGRAPH SAMPLE

Moreover, passive sentences have

been used quite frequently
throughout the text, which again is
characteristic of formal documents.
For example, an agentless passive
sentence is seen on line 6 – 7 in the
sentence ‘patrons are reminded that
all Spotless... if service refused’.
Through the use of an agentless
passive sentence, the MCG can
place greater emphasis and
importance on the object as opposed
to giving importance to the subject.
AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS
 PARAGRAPH SAMPLE
Moreover, passive sentences have
been used quite frequently
throughout the text, which again is
characteristic of formal documents.
For example, an agentless passive
sentence is seen on line 6 – 7 in the
sentence ‘patrons are reminded that
all Spotless... if service refused’.
Through the use of an agentless
passive sentence, the MCG can
place greater emphasis and
importance on the object as opposed
to giving importance to the subject.
AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS
Subsequently, this gives the text an
impersonal style thereby creating a greater
level of social distance, remoteness and
perceived seriousness. Like agentless
passives, nominalisations also give the
text are more impersonal tone. For
example, in the line 35, a nominalisation
‘mobilisation’ has been used by the author
of the text. Through the use of
nominalisations, the human subject can be
removed from the text therefore being
perceived as having a tendency towards
intelligence, abstraction and seriousness.
 ESSENTIAL ACADEMIC WORDS

1. Too short – less than 5

sentences;

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 ESSENTIAL ACADEMIC WORDS

1. Too short – less than 5

sentences;
2. Too long – more than 6
sentences (depends on the
genre);

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 ESSENTIAL ACADEMIC WORDS

1. Too short – less than 5

sentences;
2. Too long – more than 6
sentences (depends on the
genre);
3. Unfocused or too listy
(confused).

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Topic Sentence;

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Topic Sentence;

Sentence (or more) that introduces

or contextualizes evidence.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Topic Sentence;

Sentence (or more) that introduces

or contextualizes evidence.

Sentence (or more) that provides

evidence in support of the topic
sentence.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Topic Sentence;
Sentence (or more) that explains
how the evidence just given relates
to the topic sentence.
Sentence (or more) that introduces
or contextualizes evidence.

Sentence (or more) that provides

evidence in support of the topic
sentence.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Topic Sentence;
Sentence (or more) that introduces
or contextualizes evidence.
Sentence (or more) that provides
evidence in support of the topic
sentence.
Sentence (or more) that explains
how the evidence just given relates
to the topic sentence.
Sentence (or more) that either
introduces new topic sentence-
related evidence (go back to step
2) or closes the paragraph.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Consider an example to illustrate:

Geroge Orwell’s 1946 essay “Politics and the Language” has had an enduring
impact on thought about the relationship between politcs and language.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Consider an example to illustrate:

Geroge Orwell’s 1946 essay “Politics and the Language” has had an enduring
impact on thought about the relationship between politcs and language.

This impact is particularly obvious in light of the various critical review articles
that have recently referenced the essay.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Consider an example to illustrate:

Geroge Orwell’s 1946 essay “Politics and the Language” has had an enduring
impact on thought about the relationship between politcs and language.

This impact is particularly obvious in light of the various critical review articles
that have recently referenced the essay.

For example, consider Mark Falcoff’s article in The National Review Online,
“The Perversion of Language; or, Orwell Revisited,” in which he analyzes
several commom words (“activist,” “civil-rights leader,” “diversity,” and more).

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Consider an example to illustrate:

Falcoff’s close analysis of the ambiguity built into political language

intentionally mirrors Orwell’s own point-by-point analysis of the political
language of his day.

AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS

 A GOOD, SIMPLE PARAGRAPH MIGHT LOOK SOMETHING
LIKE THIS:

Consider an example to illustrate:

Falcoff’s close analysis of the ambiguity built into political language

intentionally mirrors Orwell’s own point-by-point analysis of the political
language of his day.

Even 63 years after its publication, Orwell’s essay is emulated by

contemporary thinkers.

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AULA 05: O PARÁGRAFO EM INGLÊS