Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering: (7th Edition)

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Chapter 17, Problem 1P 21 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON
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Carbon dioxide is diffusing through nitrogen in one direction at atmospheric pressure and 0°C.
The mole fraction of CO2 at point A is 0.2; at point B, 3 m away, in the direction of diffusion, it is
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0.02. Diffusivity Dv is 0.144 cm2/s. The gas phase as a whole is stationary; that is, nitrogen is phone to post a questio
diffusing at the same rate as the carbon dioxide, but in the opposite direction. (a) What is the We'll send you a one-tim
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molal flux of CO2, in kilogram moles per square meter per hour? (b) What is the net mass flux, in
kilograms per square meter per hour? (c) At what speed, in meters per second, would an
observer have to move from one point to the other so that the net mass flux, relative to him or 888-888-8888 Text
her, would be zero? (d) At what speed would the observer have to move so that, relative to him
or her, the nitrogen is stationary? (e) What would be the molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to By providing your phone number, you agre
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Step-by-step solution My Textbook Solutions
Step 1 of 15
A
tex
In this question, the diffusion is of equimolal counter diffusion. Thus, the molal flux NA can be
Unit Transport
calculated as, Operations... Phenomena
7th Edition 3rd Edition
….. (1) View all solutions
Here is the volumetric diffusivity, is molar density, thickness of air film, mole
fraction of carbon dioxide at point B and is the mole fraction of carbon dioxide at point A.
Comment
Step 2 of 15
(a)
The diffusivity is
The molar density is given by,
Here is pressure, is gas constant and is temperature.
Assume pressure to be atmospheric, that is and substitute as , as

in the above equation.
Substitute as , as , as , as and
as in equation (1),
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11/5/2021 Solved: Carbon dioxide is diffusing through nitrogen in one dir... | Chegg.com
Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide is .
Comment
Step 3 of 15
(b)
Mass flux of carbon dioxide can be given by molal flux times the molar mass of carbon
dioxide ,
…… (2)
Substitute for and for in above expression,
Mass flux of nitrogen can be given by molal flux times the molar mass of nitrogen
…… (3)
Substitute for and for in above expression,
Net mass flux is given by,
Therefore, the net mass flux is
Comment
Step 4 of 15
(c)
In case of equimolal counter diffusion,
…… (4)
Here, is the molal flux of component A, is concentration of component A and is

velocity of component A.
Concentration of carbon dioxide can be given as,
Calculate velocity at both point A and B.
For point B,
Substitute as , as in above expression,
Rearrange equation 4,
Substitute as , as in the above expression,
Comment
Step 5 of 15
For point A,
Rearrange equation (2),
Comment
Step 6 of 15
For Nitrogen,
Concentration nitrogen of can be given as,
Calculate velocity at both point A and B.
For point B,
Comment
Step 7 of 15
For point A,
Now,
…… (5)
For net mass flux to be zero,
…… (6)
Also,
…… (7)
And,
…… (8)
Here is the velocity with which observer is moving
From equations 6,7,8,
Rearrange,
Comment
Step 8 of 15
From equation 5, in above expression,
Comment
Step 9 of 15
For point A,
Substitute as , for , for ,
for and for in above expression,
Therefore, at point A, the observer has to move with velocity .
Comment
Step 10 of 15
For point B,
Substitute as , for , for ,
for and for in above expression,
Therefore, at point B, and the observer has to move with velocity .
Comment
Step 11 of 15
(d)
For nitrogen to be stationary the velocity of observer must be equal to that of nitrogen in the
direction of nitrogen diffusion. That is from point B to A.
At point A,
Substitute for ,
Therefore, the observer has to move with velocity when at point A.
Comment
Step 12 of 15
And at point B,
Substitute for ,
Therefore, the observer has to move with velocity when at point B.
Comment
Step 13 of 15
(e)
Under condition d, the molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to observer can be given as,
Or
For point A,
Substitute as , as and as
in above expression,
Comment
Step 14 of 15
Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to observer at point A is

.
Comment
Step 15 of 15
For point B,
Substitute as , as and as
in above expression,
Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to observer at point B is

.
Comment
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11/5/2021 Solved: Carbon dioxide is diffusing through nitrogen in one dir... | Chegg.

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Find solutions for your homework Search

Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering Post a question

See this solution in the app Enter question

Chapter 17, Problem 1P 21 Bookmarks Show all steps: ON

Step-by-step solution My Textbook Solutions

The molar density is given by,

Here is pressure, is gas constant and is temperature.

Assume pressure to be atmospheric, that is and substitute as , as

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Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide is .

Substitute for and for in above expression,

Substitute for and for in above expression,

Net mass flux is given by,

Therefore, the net mass flux is

In case of equimolal counter diffusion,

Here, is the molal flux of component A, is concentration of component A and is

Concentration of carbon dioxide can be given as,

Calculate velocity at both point A and B.

Substitute as , as in above expression,

Substitute as , as in the above expression,

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Substitute as , as in above expression,

Rearrange equation (2),

Substitute as , as in the above expression,

Concentration nitrogen of can be given as,

Calculate velocity at both point A and B.

Substitute as , as in above expression,

Rearrange equation (2),

Substitute as , as in the above expression,

Rearrange equation (2),

Substitute as , as in the above expression,

For net mass flux to be zero,

Here is the velocity with which observer is moving

From equations 6,7,8,

From equation 5, in above expression,

Substitute as , for , for ,

for and for in above expression,

Therefore, at point A, the observer has to move with velocity .

Substitute as , for , for ,

for and for in above expression,

Therefore, at point B, and the observer has to move with velocity .

Therefore, the observer has to move with velocity when at point A.

Therefore, the observer has to move with velocity when at point B.

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Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to observer at point A is

Therefore, molal flux of carbon dioxide relative to observer at point B is

Was this solution helpful? 3 1

Recommended solutions for you in Chapter 17

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