Identify technology management
this is concerned with managing technologies to
achieve business objectives which require skills in
understanding technology and managing business
activities
illustrate the fig
The management of technology links engineering,
science and management disciplines to plan,
develop, and implement technological capabilities
to shape and accomplish the strategic and
operational objectives of an organization
What’s the dimensions that attain
competitive advantages for any
technology?
- Cost - Quality
- Range of products
- Manufacturing cycle time
- Time to market
Complexity factors of technology
management?
-Complexity of the evolution of technology
-Complexity of science
-Complexity of the links between science and
technology
-Possible combinations of different technologies to
form new technologies
-Fast evolution of customers' needs
-Some design features are the result of a complex
process involving many players
-Several players influence the evolution of
technology
State the technology management
framework?
-Identification
-n Selection
-Acquisition
-Exploitation
-Protection of knowledge and expertise
embedded in products and manufacturing
Systems
State key questions of a tech
opportunity?
-What is the potential
-What are the market trends?
-What are the differences between the new
technology and the current
- What are the pros and cons for the
client?
-Is it compatible with the dominant design?
Can it lead
-to a new dominant design?
-What breakthroughs are needed to make
for the technology to emerge? How quickly
might they develop?
-What could accelerate or delay its
progress?
-what scenarios can be envisioned?
-what are the key threats?
Define Innovation ((‫أكتب اتنين تالتة‬
-Likely to be completely new product or
service
-Could also be a small improvement in
existing products or services

-Might be an improvement in internal processes too
-Today is likely to have a strong technological
component, e.g software,electronics
-Probably for existing market, but may also create
new/ suitable
Importance of Innovation?
-Increases opportunity market separation
-Good for the economy as a whole (as companies
trade on a global basis)
-usually leads to cost reductions-better margins
-Should give consumers greater satisfaction and
wider choice
-Reduces dependency on old products/ services and
technological processes.
Different models of tech innovation and
draw one of them for example
“integrative parallel process” (p 59~61)
_product-oriented conversion.
_tech/market-oriented conversion.
_coupling.
_integrative.
_integrative system.
_integrative parallel.
CAD→ Computer-Aided Design
CAM→ Computer-Aided Manufacturing
CAD→Computer-Aided Engineering
These are a software tools for management
the tech.
Major function of them
- 3-D Geometric Modeling
- 2-D Drafting
- Finite Element Analysis
- CNC Programming, Simulation and G-code
Generation
- Data Exchange
- Production Information Management
Procedure to define a CAM model:
-Define the part geometry
-Define the machining geometry
-Define machining tools
-Define machining operations and parameters
-Simulate machining process
-Generate CNC machining codes
Procedure to define a CAE model:
-Define the geometry of a part or an assembly
-Select materials
-Specify restraints and loads
-Create meshes
-Run the analysis
-View the analysis results
Benefits of CAD and CAM
-Product quality -Shorter design time
-Production cost reductions
-Database availability Advantages of ERP:
-New range of capabilities
-Provides integration of supply-chain,
-Reduces need for "similar" parts production and administrative processes

What is the Flexible Manufacturing -Creates commonality of databases

System (FMS)? -Can incorporate improved, redesigned, “best
processes:
It’s a system which Using automated machines (DNC)
& materials handling equipment together, often -Increases communication and collaboration
connected to centralized computer, also called worldwide
automated work cell. -Helps integrate multiple sites and business
units
Advantages:
-Is packaged with a software core that is off-
-Faster, lower-cost changes from one part to another the-shelf coding
-Lower direct labor costs -Can provide a strategic advantage over
-Reduced inventory competitors

-Consistent, and perhaps better quality Disadvantages of ERP

Disadvantages: -Is very expensive to purchase, and even
more costly to customize
-Limited ability to adapt to product or product mix
changes -Requires major changes in the company and
its processes to implement
-Requires substantial preplanning and capital
expenditures -Is such a complex program that many
companies cannot adjust to it
-Technological problems of exact component
positioning and precise timing -Involves an ongoing process for
implementation, which is often never
-Tooling and fixture requirements completed
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): -Expertise in ERP is limited, with staffing an
ongoing problem
-Packaged business software systems that allow
companies to: Innovation dimensions
-Automate and integrate the majority of their business -form -function -extent -timing
processes
-Share common data and practices across the entire Sources of innovative opportunity
enterprise -the unexpected -inconsistency
-Produce and access information in a real-time -process need -market structure
environment
-demographics - perception
-now knowledge
CHARACTERISTICS OF KNOWLEDGE-
BASED INNOVATIONS
(1) The longest lead time of all innovations (e.g., 25-30
years)
(2) Almost always based on the convergence of
several different kinds of knowledge

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS OF
KNOWLEDGE-BASED INNOVATION:
(1) Careful analysis of all of the necessary factors
(2) A clear focus on the strategic position
(3) Ability to learn and practice entrepreneurial
management

UNIQUE RISKS OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED

INNOVATION:
(1) The window of opportunity for establishing a
position is small
(2) A "shake-out" sets in as soon as the window of
opportunity closes
(3) There must be receptivity to the knowledge-based
innovation

System Dynamics Modeling

- Identify a problem
-Develop a dynamic hypothesis explaining the cause
of the problem
- Create a basic causal graph
- Augment the causal graph with more information
Convert the augmented causal graph to a System
Dynamics flow graph
- Translate a System Dynamics flow graph into
DYNAMO programs or equations
- Simulate the DYNAMO programs or equations