PMC Practice Test Questions of Heat & Thermodynamics

PMC PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS OF HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS PAGE # 1
PHYSICS >> Thermodynamics

1. A temperature of 162 C is equivalent to what temperature in kelvins?
A. –111 K
B. 362 K
C. 425 K
D. 111 K
2. Which of the following is an assumption of the kinetic model of an ideal gas?
A. gas is at high pressure
B. collision between particles are elastic
C. there are weak forces of attraction between particles in gas
D. total energy of particles is proportional to the temperature
3. During adiabatic expansion internal energy decreases by 2J, then work done in this
process is:
A. 2J
B. 1J
C. –1J
D. –2J
4. Two containers X and Y are filled with an ideal gas. X has 1 mol of gas and Y has 2 mol
of gas. Volume of Y is four times that of X. Pressure in Y is half that in X. What is
temperature of gas in Y ________ temperature of gas in X
A. 2
B. 1
C. 1 ---- 2
D. 1 ----- 4
5. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72 x 10^5 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81 m^3.
How many moles of gas are present?
A. 201 mol
B. 21 mol
C. 201 mol
D. 2001 mol
6. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72 x 105 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81 m3 If the
volume is raised to 4.16 m^3 and the temperature raised to 28.2C, what will be the
pressure of the gas?
A. 121 x 10^5 Pa
B. 1.21 x 10^5 Pa
C. 1.21 Pa
D. 121 Pa
7. According to First law of thermodynamics,
A. dQ= dW-dU
B. dQ=dU
C. dQ= dU+dW
D. dQ= dW
8. The turbine in a steam power plant takes steam from a boiler at 427°C and exhausts into
a low. temperature reservoir at 77°C. What is the maximum possible efficiency?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 4%
D. 50 %
SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar
9. Which of the following statement is not true about heat engine?
A. All real engines are less efficient than Carnot engine
B. All real engines are less efficient due to friction and heat losses
C. Efficiency of Carnot engine working between same two temperatures, depends on
the nature of working substance
D. The larger the temperature difference of two reservoirs, the greater is the efficiency
10. The internal energy change in system that has absorbed 2kcal of heat and done 500J of work is:
A. 8900J
B. 8800J
C. 7900J
D. 7500J
11. The molar specific heat of a diatomic gas is measured at constant volume and found to
be 29.1 J/mol ? K. What are the types of energy that are contributing to the molar
specific heat?
A. translation only
B. translation and rotation only
C. translation and vibrational only
D. translation, rotation, and vibrational
12. In which process the net work done is zero?
A. Cyclic
B. Free expansion
C. Isochoric
D. Adiabatic
A. dQ= dW-dU
B. dQ=dU
C. dQ= dU+dW
D. dQ= dW
14. The value of universal gas, R, constant is:....
A. 8.314 J/mol K
B. 1.38 x 10-23 J/K
C. 6.63 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
D. 1.6 x 10-19 C
15. On a TS diagram which of the events have larger slope?
A. isobaric process
B. Isochoric process
C. Isothermal process
D. None of them
16. A sealed container contains water at 10 degrees C and 0 degrees C. If the system is
thermally isolated, then what happens to the total energy of the system?
A. it decreases
B. it increases
C. it increases then remains same
D. it remains same

17. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72 x 10^5 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81 m^3.
How many moles of gas are present?
A. 2.01 mol
B. 21 mol
C. 201 mol
D. 2001 mol
18. An ideal gas of N molecules are enclosed in a container at a constant pressure p. The
graph between volume of gas and its absolute temperature is a straight line. What is the
gradient of the graph?
A. N R ------- p
B. NRP
C. N k ------- p
D. Nkp
19. In Thermodynamics zeroth law is related with
A. Work
B. Energy
C. Thermal equilibrium
D. Entropy
A. dQ= dW-dU
B. dQ=dU
C. dQ= dU+dW
D. dQ= dW
21. When we heat a substance, energy associated with its atoms or molecules is increased.
It means:
A. Heat is converted to internal energy
B. Heat is converted to only potential energy of the particles
C. Heat is converted to only kinetic energy of the particles
D. Heat is converted to temperature of gas
22. Internal energy is __________of path
A. independent
B. dependent
C. Highly dependent
D. Not enough information
23. Two spheres are made of the same metal and have the same radius, but one is hollow
and the other is solid. The spheres are taken through the same temperature increase.
Which sphere expands more?
A. They expand by the same amount
B. The hollow sphere expands more
C. The solid sphere expands more
D. There is not enough information to say
24. A reversible carnot engine converts 1/6th of heat into input work. When the temperature
of sink is reduced by 62 degree C then efficiency is doubled then temperature of source
and sink is
A. 80 C ,37 C
B. 99 C , 30C
C. 99C ,25C
D. 99C , 37C
25. What does the constant N represent in the equation of state for an ideal gas PV=NkT?
A. number of molecules of gas
B. number of moles of the gas
C. number of nucleons
D. number of protons
26. Under which conditions, a real gas approximate to an ideal gas?
A. pressure = high density = high
B. pressure = low density = high
C. pressure = high density = low
D. pressure = low density = low
27. A fixed mass of gas undergoes isochoric (isovolumetric) change. As a result the
pressure of the gas has increased. Which of the following is true about the gas?
A. Internal energy = decrease direction of transfer of thermal energy = released from the gas
B. Internal energy = decrease direction of transfer of thermal energy = absorbed by the gas
C. Internal energy = increase direction of transfer of thermal energy = released from the gas
D. Internal energy = increase direction of transfer of thermal energy = absorbed by the gas
28. Which of the following cannot determine the state of thermodynamic system?
A. P and V
B. P and T
C. T and V
D. P and R
29. In adiabatic expansion
A. ΔU=0
B. ΔU= negative
C. ΔU= positive
D. ΔW=0
30. What is the internal energy change in system that has absorbed 800J of heat and work
done is 500J?
A. 200J
B. 550J
C. 600J
D. 300J
31. In Thermodynamics first law is related with
A. Pressure conservation
B. Entropy conservation
C. Temperature conservation
D. Energy Conservation
A. dQ= dW-dU
B. dQ=dU
C. dQ= dU+dW
D. dQ= dW

33. Which of the following is an example of isothermal process?
A. The rapid escape of air from a burst tyre
B. The rapid expansion and compression of air through which a sound wave is passing
C. Cloud formation in the atmosphere
D. slow compression or expansion of gas
34. The work done can also be calculated by:
A. gradient of tangent of the, curve of P-V graph
B. area of the curve under P-V graph
C. area of the, curve under P-T graph
D. gradient of tangent of the, curve of P-T graph
35. What does the constant N represent in the equation of state for an ideal gas PV=NkT?
A. number of molecules of gas
D. number of protons
36. Work done by gas, pressure and change in volume are related as:
A. P W = ----- ΔV
B. W= PΔV
C. W= P+ΔV
D. W= P - ΔV
37. If Q, E and W are the parameters in cyclic process then
A. W=0
B. Q=0=W
C. E=0
D. W=0
38. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72 x 10^5 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81 m^3 If
the volume is raised to 4.16 m^3 and the temperature raised to 28.2C, what will be the
pressure of the gas?
A. 121 x 10^5 Pa
B. 1.21 x 10^5 Pa
C. 1.21 Pa
D. 121 Pa
39. An ideal gas of n moles is enclosed in a container at a constant pressure p. The graph
between volume of gas and its absolute temperature is a straight line. What is the
A. n R ------- p
B. nRP
C. n ---- R P
D. n p ------- R
40. Under which conditions, a real gas approximate to an ideal gas?
A. pressure = high density = high
B. pressure = low density = high
C. pressure = high density = low
D. pressure = low density = low

41. The efficiency of petrol engine is:....
A. 10% to 25%
B. 25% to 30%
C. 30% to 40%
D. 40% to 50%
42. A refrigerator operates for a certain time, and the work done by the electrical
energy during this time is W=1000J. What can be said about the heat delivered to the
room containing the refrigerator?
A. The heat delivered to the room is less than 1000 J
B. The heat delivered to the room is equal to 1000 J
C. The heat delivered to the room is greater than 1000 J
D. No heat is delivered to the room
43. First law of thermodynamics state
A. system can do work
B. system has temperature
C. system has pressure
D. Heat is form of energy
44. If the temperature of a reservoir of carnot engine working with efficiency 70% is 1000K,
then temperature of sink is
A. 300K
B. 400K
C. 500K
D. 700K
45. A monatomic gas is supplied the heat Q very slowly keeping pressure constant. The work
done by the gas is
A. 2/3Q
B. 1/3 Q
C. Q/2
D. 2Q/5
46. The energy input to an engine is 60 J, and the work it performs is 15 J. What is its
thermal efficiency?
A. 4.00
B. 1.00
C. 0.25
D. impossible to determine
47. A temperature of 162 C is equivalent to what temperature in kelvins?
A. -111 K
B. 362 K
C. 425 K
D. 111 K
48. When an ideal gas of constant mass is heated in a container of fixed volume. What is
the reason for the increase in pressure of the gas?
A. number of molecules per unit volume increases
B. molecules occupy greater volume of the container
C. average force per impact at the container wall increases
D. molecules collide with each other with greater force
49. A common material for cushioning objects in packages is made by trapping bubbles of
air between sheets of plastic. Is this material more effective at keeping the contents of
the package from moving around inside the package on
A. a hot day
B. a cold day
C. either hot or cold days
D. There is not enough information to say
50. The first law of thermodynamics can be stated as:
A. Q = ΔU + W
B. Q + ΔU = W
C. Q = ΔU - W
D. Q = ΔU * W
51. Which of this is constant in isothermal process?
A. total heat
B. work done
C. Entropy
D. Internal energy
52. Work done in a isobaric process is given by
A. PdT
B. PdV
C. VdP
D. P^2dV
53. The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times greater than the work it performs. What
fraction of the energy input is expelled to the cold reservoir?
A. 0.25
B. 0.75
C. 1
54. How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 5.00 kg of lead from
20.0°C to its melting point of 327°C? The specific heat of lead is 128 J/kg ? °C.
A. 1.96 x 105 J
B. 4.04 x 105 J
C. 1.07 x 105 J
D. 8.15 x 104 J
55. The sum of all forms of molecular energies (kinetic and potential) of a substance is
termed as its:
A. absolute temperature
B. internal energy
C. potential energy
D. kinetic energy
56. Equal masses of paraffin and water are mixed in a container of negligible thermal
capacity. Initial temperature of water is 80C and that of paraffin is 20C. The final
temperature of mixture is:
A. 70C
B. 60C
C. 50C
D. 40C
57. For a reversible process, necessary condition is:
A. Heat energy should be zero
B. Process must be fast
C. Process must be quasistatic
D. Process must not be in equilibrium
58. If the system goes from two different paths to same final state then Q1 and W1 and Q2
and W2 are heat absorbed and work done then
A. Q1= Q2
B. W1=W2
C. Q1+W1=Q2+W2
D. Q1-W1=Q2-W2
59. A liquid has specific heat capacity c. The rate of change in temperature of liquid is R. The
rate at which heat is transferred from the liquid is P. What is the mass of the liquid?
A. P -------- cR
B. PR ------- c
C. Pc ------- R
D. cPR
60. The energy input to an engine is 60 J, and the work it performs is 15 J. What fraction of
the energy input is expelled to the cold reservoir?
A. 0.25
B. 75%
C. 1
61. Which of the following is equivalent to a temperature -50C?
A. -223K
B. 223 K
C. -323 K
D. 323 K
62. Which of the following is not an assumption of the kinetic model of an ideal gas?
A. The size of the molecules is much smaller than the separation between molecules
B. Molecules suffer negligible momentum change during wall collisions.
C. Molecules do not exert force on each other except during a collision.
D. The gas molecules are in random motion and may change their direction of
motion after every collision
63. If 110 J heat is added to the system and 40J work is done, then amount of work done is
A. 70J
B. 150J
C. 190J
D. 180J
64. An adiabatic change is the one in which:....
A. No heat is added to or taken out of a system
B. No change of temperature takes place
C. Boyle's law is applicable
D. Pressure and volume remains constant

65. Internal energy remains same throughout the process in
A. adiabatic process
B. isothermal process
C. cyclic process
D. both (i) and (ii)
66. Heat reservoir is a __________ Temperature bath.
A. Constant
B. Variable
C. zero
D. High
67. Slope of adiabatic (ks) and isothermal(kt) curve related as:
A. Ks= γkt
B. Ks=kt/γ
C. ks= kt
D. ks=2kt
68. If the heat absorbed is 10J and Work done is 5 J, then change in internal energy is:
A. -5J
B. 10J
C. 15J
D. 5J
69. A sample of 0.1g of water at 100 degree C and normal pressure (1.013×10 5 Nm−2)
requires 54 cal of heat energy to convert to steam at 100 degree C. If the volume of the
steam produced is 167.1 cc, the change in internal energy of the sample, is:
A. 104.3 kJ
B. 208.6kJ
C. 42.2 kJ
D. 84.5 kJ
70. A monatomic gas at pressure P and Volume V expands isothermally to volume 2V and
then adiabatically to volume 16V. The final pressure is:
A. 16P
B. 64P
C. 32P
D. P/64
71. Specific heat of water is
A. 1J/K.g
B. 4.18 J/Kg.K
C. 4180 J/kg.K
D 2090 J/kg.K
72. Two objects, with different sizes, masses, and temperatures, are placed in thermal
contact. In which direction does the energy travel?
A. Energy travels from the larger object to the smaller object
B. Energy travels from the object with more mass to the one with less mass
C. Energy travels from the object at higher temperature to the object at lower temperature
D. Energy does not travel

73. Area of PV diagram gives
A. Internal energy
B. Work done
C. Entropy
D. heat
74. First law of thermodynamics is a special case of:
A. Newton's law
B. Charles's law
C. Conservation of energy
D.. Conservation of entropy
75. Work done in an adiabatic process in a gas depends on:
A. Change in pressure
B. Change in temperature
C. Change in Volume
D. All of these
76. When the amount of work done is 33 cal and internal energy is 167 cal then heat
supplied is:
A. 167 cal
B. 175 cal
C. 500 cal
D. 600 cal
77. The energy input to an engine is 60 J, and the work it performs is 15 J. What fraction of
the energy input is expelled to the cold reservoir?
A. 0.25
B. 75%
C. 1
78. The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times greater than the work it performs.
What is its thermal efficiency?
A. 4.00
B. 1.00
C. 0.25
79. All changes which occur suddenly or which involve friction or dissipation of energy
through conduction, convection or radiation are:
A. irreversible changes
B. chemical changes
C. cyclic changes
D. reversible changes
A. 123K
B. -123 K
C. 423 K
D. -423 K

81. Which statement is incorrect?
A. In a isobaric process ΔP=0
B. In a isochoric process ΔW=0
C. In a isothermal process ΔT=0
D. In a isothermal process ΔQ=0
82. The value of triple point of water is:
A. 1 K
B. 100 K
C. 273.16 K
D. 0 K
83. Under a cyclic path, internal energy after complete cycle is same as
A. 2(initial)
B. initial heat
C. initial internal energy
D. initial work
84. Initial pressure and volume are P and V respectively. First it expanded isothermally to
4V then compressed adiabatically to Volume V, the final pressure is:
A. 2P
B. 1P
C. 3P
D. 4P
85. A reversible carnot engine converts 1/6th of heat into input work then efficiency of
engine is:
A. 0.5
B. 0.6
C. 0.1666
D. 0.32
86. What are the units of the ratio: specific latent heat of vaporization of water ________
specific heat capacity of water.
A. K
B. 1 ----- K
C. k2
D. no unit
87. One kcal =
A. 4.18 J
B. 4180 J
C. 2.09 J
D. 2090 J
88. If 1 mole of an ideal gas is heated at constant volume so that its temperature rises by
ΔT, then first law of thermodynamics can be written as:
A. ΔU + Cv = ΔT
B. ΔU = Cv - ΔT
C. ΔU = Cv ΔT
D. ΔU = Cv + ΔT

89. A gas expands 0.25 m3 at constant pressure 103N/m2 then work done is:
A. 0.25 ergs
B. 25ergs
C. 250 joules
D. 250W
90. For ideal polyatomic gas molar specific heat is equal to:
A. 24.9 J/mol.K
B. 12.9 J/mol.K
C. 15 J/mol.K
D. 16 J/mol.K
91. Which of the following is equivalent to a temperature 350K?
A. 77 C
B. -77 C
C. 623 C
D. -623 C
92. The efficiency of diesel engine is:
A. 10% to 20%
B. 20% to 35%
C. 35% to 40%
D. 40% to 50%
93. Isothermal system has constant
A. Temperature
B. Pressure
C. Entropy
94. When no heat enters or leaves the system, it is called:
A. isothermal
B. adiabatic
C. isovolumetric
D. isobaric
95. The engine is supposed to work between 727 degree C and 227 degree C, then
maximum possible efficiency is:
A. 1/2
B. 1/4
C. 3/4
D. 1
96. Molar mass of water is:
A. 0.018 kg/mol
B. 0.108 kg/mol
C. 0.027 kg/mol
D. 0.0635 kg/mol
97. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72x105 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81 m3. How
many moles of gas are present?
A. 2.01 mol
B. 21 mol
C. 201 mol
D. 2001 mol
A. The size of the molecules is much smaller than the separation between molecules
B. Molecules suffer negligible momentum change during wall collisions.
C. Molecules do not exert force on each other except during a collision.
D. The gas molecules are in random motion and may change their direction of
motion after every collision
99. A monatomic gas is heated from temperature T1 and T2 under two different conditions
at (i)constant Volume and (ii)constant pressure. So change in U is
A. More for (i)
B. More for (ii)
C. same for both
D. independent of number of moles
100. Work done in an adiabatic process of gas from T1 to T2 is
A. nR/(γ–1)(T1–T2)
B. nR/(γ–1)(T2–T1)
C. nR(T2–T1)
D. R(T2–T1)
101. The increase in temperature of the object is an indication of:
A. decrease in the internal energy
B. increase in the internal energy
C. increase in the potential energy only
D. decrease in the kinetic energy only
102. An ideal gas at 15.5C and a pressure of 1.72x105 Pa occupies a volume of 2.81m3. How
many moles of gas are present?
A. 2.01 mol
B. 21 mol
C. 201 mol
D. 2001 mol
103. 100 W heater is used for 5 minutes to heat 500 g of water. What is the change in
temperature of water? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 140C
B. 40C
C. 0.2 C
D. 14C
A. 8.314 J/mol*K
B. 1.38 x 10-23 J/K
C. 6.63 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
D. 1.6 x 10-19 C
105. Two objects, with different sizes, masses, and temperatures, are placed in thermal
contact. In which direction does the energy travel?
A. energy travels from the larger object to the smaller object
B. energy travels from the object with more mass to the one with less mass
C. energy travels from the object at higher temperature to the object at lower
temperature
D. energy does not travel
106. A 500 W electric heater is used to heat 1 kg of water without energy losses. The specific
heat capacity of water is 4.2 kJ kg K . What is the time taken to heat the water from 25 °C
to 75 °C?
A. 7 seconds
B. 42 seconds
C. 7 minutes
D. 420 minutes
107. A reversible engine works between two temperatures whose difference is 100°C. If it
absorbs 746 J of heat from the source and rejects 546 J to the sink, calculate the
temperature of the source and the sink.
A. 100°C, 20°C
B. 100°C, 0°C
C. 80°C, 0°C
D. 80°C, 20°C
108. If for a gas dW=0, dQ<0 then
A. Temperature increases
B. Pressure increases
C. pressure decreases
D. Volume decreases
A. 0.25
B. 0.75
C. 1
110. The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times greater than the work it performs. What is its
thermal efficiency?
A. 4.00
B. 1.00
C. 0.25
111. Which of the terms is related with thermodynamics
A. System
B. Surrounding
C. Boundary
D. All of these
A. 8.314 J/mol*K
B. 1.38 x 10-23 J/K
C. 6.63 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2
D. 1.6 x 10-19 C
113. Under what conditions of density and pressure does a real gas approximate to an ideal gas?
A. density = high pressure = high
B. density = low pressure = high
C. density = high pressure = low
D. density = low pressure = low
114. Which one of the following is not the unit of heat?
A. Calorie
B. Joule
C. Watt.sec
D. Watt
115. A heat engine performs 100 J of work and at the same time rejects 400 J of heat energy
to the cold reservoirs. What is the efficiency of the engine?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 4%
D. 50 %
A. 0.25
B. 0.75
C. 1
116. What does the constant n represent in the equation of state for an ideal gas PV=nRT?
A. number of atoms in the gas
D. number of molecules of gas
117. If the system goes from two different paths to same final state then change in internal
energy or both systems is:
A. same
B. different
C. may be same
D. Not enough information
118. Which of the following process is reversible ?
A. Transfer of heat by radiation
B. Electrical heating by nichrome wire
C. Transfer of heat by conduction
D. Isothermal compression
119. Efficiency of heat engine in Terms of Temperature of reservoir and sink is defined as
A. T1/T2
B. 1+T1/T2
C. 1-T1/T2
D. T2/T1
120. A car of mass M is moving with speed v. The brake of mass m and specific heat
capacity c, is used to stop the car. If half of the kinetic energy of the car is absorbed by
the brake, than what is the increase in temperature of the brake?
A. Mv2 --------- 4mc
B. Mv2 --------- 2mc
C. mv2 --------- 4Mc
D. mv2 --------- 2Mc
termed as its:
B. internal energy
C. potential energy
D. kinetic energy
122. Specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 334 J/g. How much energy is needed to melt 2 kg
of ice at 0C.
A. 6.68x105 J
B. 6.68x105 kJ
C. 668 J
D. 668 kJ
123. A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which its internal energy decreases
by 300 J. If at the same time 120 J of work is done on the system, find the heat lost by
the system
A. -420 J
B. 420 J
C. 80 J
D. -80 J
124. An ideal reversible heat engine has:
A. 1 efficiency
B. Highest efficiency
C. an efficiency which depends on the nature of substance
D. none of these
125. 100 W heater is used to heat 500 g of water from 20C to 50C. How long should the
heater be switched on? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 63 sec
B. 63 min
C. 630 sec
D. 6.3 min
126. A monatomic gas at pressure P and Volume V expands isothermally to volume 2V and
then adiabatically to volume 16V. The final pressure is
A. 16P
B. 64P
C. 32P
D. P/64
127. When temperature of the system does not change, it is called:
A. isothermal
B. adiabatic
C. isovolumetric
D. isobaric
128. A fraction of internal energy is due to the molecular vibration, which is different in
different states of matter. Which of the following gives the correct order of fraction of
internal energy due to molecular vibration?
A. solid > gas > liquid
B. gas > liquid > solid
C. solid > liquid > gas
D. gas > liquid > solid

129. A 1.0 kW heater supplies energy to a liquid of mass 1 kg. The temperature of the liquid
changes by 80 K in a time of 400 s. The specific heat capacity of the liquid is 4.0 kJ /
kg*K . What is the average power lost by the liquid?
A. 100
B. 200
C. 400
D. 800
130. For an adiabatic process, the first law of thermodynamics can be written as:...
A. work done by the system = decrease in internal energy of system
B. work done by the system = increase in internal energy of system
C. work done on the system = decrease in internal energy of system
D. work done on the system = decrease in internal energy of system + heat released
131. Adiabatic process can be defined as:
A. PVγ = constant
B. PVγ = RT
C. P/Vγ = constant
D. PVγ = nRT
132. During an adiabatic process pressure of gas is found to be proportional to the cube of
its temperature. The ratio of Cp/Cv is
A. 2
B. 44319
C. 44257
D. 44289
133. A reversible carnot engine converts 1/6th of heat into input work. When the temperature
of sink is reduced by 62 degree C then efficiency is doubled then temperature of source
and sink is
A. 80 C ,37 C
B. 99 C , 30C
C. 99C ,25C
D. 99C , 37C
134. In Thermodynamics zeroth law is related with:
A. Work
B. Energy
C. Thermal equilibrium
D. Entropy
135. The value of universal gas, R, constant is:
A. 8.314 J/mol*K
B. 1.38 x 10^-23 J/K
C. 6.63 x 10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2
D. 1.6 x 10^-19 C
136. Which of this is constant in adiabatic process:
A. total heat
B. work done
C. Entropy
D. both a) and c)
A. particles collide elastically
B. kinetic energy of a given particle is same
C. the duration of collision between molecules is very short
D. intermolecular potential energy of the molecules is zero
138. A cycle tyre bursts suddenly is an example of:
A. Isothermal process
B. Isochoric process
C. adiabatic process
D. Isobaric process
139. 300 W heater is used to boil 500g of water at 100C. How long should the heater be
switched on? Specific latent heat of vaporization of water is 2230 J/g.
A. 62 mins
B. 62 sec
C. 1.5 hour
D. 0.5 hour
140. An ideal gas of N molecules are enclosed in a container at a constant pressure p. The
graph between volume of gas and its absolute temperature is a straight line. What is the
A. N R ------- p
B. NRP
C. N k ------- p
D. Nkp
141. In Thermodynamics first law is related with
A. Pressure conservation
B. Entropy conservation
C. Temperature conservation
142. In the VT diagram slope of curve is:
A. R
B. nR/P
C. P
D. R/P
143 "The amount of heat transfer required to raise the temperature of one mole of the gas
through 1 K at constant pressure" is called:
A. The molar specific heat at constant pressure
B. molar heat capacity
C. specific latent heat
D. specific heat capacity
A. 0.25
B. 0.75
C. 1
145. 100 W heater is switched on for 5 minutes to melt ice. What is the mass of ice that melts
at 0C. Specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 334 J/g.
A. 90 g
B. 90 kg
C. 1.5 g
D. 1.5 kg
A. -223K
B. 223 K
C. -323 K
D. 323 K
147. In Boyle's law, which quantity is constant:
A. P
B. T
C. V
D. R
148. A gas expands from V1 to V2. The amout of work done is greatest in:
A. Adiabatic
B. Isobaric
C. Isochoric
D. Isothermal
149. If heat given is 6 kcal and work done is 6 kJ, then internal energy is
A. 19.1 kJ
B. 25.2 kJ
C. 25kJ
D. zero
150. A container is filled with oxygen and helium at the same temperature. The molar mass
of oxygen is 32 g/mol and that of helium is 4 g/mol. What is the ratio: average speed of
oxygen molecules _____ average speed of helium molecules
A. 1 ----- √8
B. √8
C. 1 ------ 8
D. 8
151. How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 5.00 kg of lead from 20.0°C to
its melting point of 327°C? The specific heat of lead is 128 J/kg ? °C.
A. 1.96 x 10^5 J
B. 4.04 x 10^5 J
C. 1.07 x 10^5 J
D. 8.15 x 10^4 J
152. Which of the terms is related with thermodynamics
A. System
B. Surrounding
C. Boundary
D. All of these

153. "The heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the substance through 1 K"
is called:
A. specific latent heat
B. molar heat capacity
C. molar specific heat
D. specific heat capacity
A. collisions between molecules and walls of container are elastic
B. the duration of collision between molecules is very short
C. all particles of gas has same speed
D. all particles of gas have same mass
155. An ideal gas has a volume of 20 ml, a temperature of 10 °C and a pressure of 100 kPa.
The volume of the gas is reduced to 10 ml and the temperature is raised to 20 °C. What
is the new pressure of the gas?
A. 370 kPa
B. 207 kPa
C. 400 kPa
D. 27 kPa
156. Two identical gases expand i) isothermally ii) adiabatically. Work done is more in
A. Isothermal process
B. Adiabatic process
C. Neither of them
D. equal in both cases
157. In which of the following processes the heat is neither absorbed nor released by a
system?
A. isochoric
B. isothermal
C. adiabatic
D. isobaric
158. A heater is used for 5 minutes to heat 500 g of water from 20C to 50C. What is the power
of heater? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 1260 W
B. 12.6 kW
C. 210 kW
D. 12.6 W
159. What does the constant n represent in the equation of state for an ideal gas PV=nRT?
A. number of atoms in the gas
D. number of molecules of gas
160. Which of the following is the statement of first law of thermodynamics?
A. difference between heat given to the system and work done by the system
appears as internal energy of the system
B. difference between work done and change in internal energy is equal to the heat
absorbed by the system
C. sum of heat absorbed and the increase in internal energy is equal to the work
done by the system
D. sum of heat absorbed and the work done by the system is equal to the decrease
in internal energy of the system
161. If P= P0 and V=Vo gas expands isothermally to P=3Po then Volume is
A. 3Vo
B. 2Vo
C. Vo/3
D. Vo/2
162. Amount of heat supplied to 0.02 kg of nitrogen to raise its temperature by 45 degree is
A. 935J
B. 934J
C. 967J
D. 954J
163. What is the internal energy change in system that has absorbed 800J of heat and work
done is 500J?
A. 200J
B. 550J
C. 600J
D. 300J
164. A car of mass M is moving with speed v. The brake of mass m and specific heat
capacity c, is used to stop the car. If half of the kinetic energy of the car is absorbed by
the brake, than what is the increase in temperature of the brake?
A. Mv^2 --------- 4mc
B. Mv^2 --------- 2mc
C. mv^2 --------- 4Mc
D. mv^2 --------- 2Mc
165. If dU and dW represent internal energy and work done then which is true?
A. dU =-dW in a adiabatic process
B. dU= dW in Isothermal process
C. dU=dW in adiabatic process
D. dU=-dW in isothermal process
166. The efficiency of Carnot engine can never be 1, because:....
A. we can not achieve the higher temperature
B. we do not have an ideal working substance
C. there is always energy losses
D. we need cold reservoir at absolute zero temperature, which is not available
167. P-V diagram of a diatomic gas is a straight line passing through origin. What is the
molar heat capacity of the gas in the process?
A. R
B. 1.5R
C. 3R
D. 4R/3
168. Temperature is defined by
A. first law of thermodynamics
B. Zeroth law of thermodynamics
C. Second law of thermodynamics
D. Third law of thermodynamics

169. Internal energy of the system depends on:.....
A. initial and final states of the system and the path from initial to final state
B. initial and final states of the system only
C. initial state of the system and the path from initial to final state
D. the path from initial to final state
170. Initial mass of water, at its boiling point, is 0.8 kg. 4 kW of heater is used to boil it
completely. Assuming the specific latent heat of vaporization of water is 2MJ/kg, what is
the time taken to vaporize all the water?
A. 400 s
B. 4000 s
C. 250 s
D. 2500 s
171. 100 W heater is used for 5 minutes to heat 500 g of water. What is the change in
temperature of water? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 140C
B. 40C
C. 0.2 C
D. 14C
172. 100 W heater is used for 5 minutes to heat some water from 20C to 50C. What is the
mass of water which is heated? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 4g
B. 40 g
C. 240 g
D. 24 g
termed as its:
B. internal energy
C. potential energy
D. kinetic energy
174. When an ideal gas of constant mass is heated in a container of fixed volume. What is
the reason for the increase in pressure of the gas?
A. number of molecules per unit volume increases
B. molecules occupy greater volume of the container
C. average force per impact at the container wall increases
D. molecules collide with each other with greater force
175. Which one of the following process is irreversible?
A. Slow compressions of an elastic spring
B. Slow evaporation of a substance in an isolated vessel
C. Slow compression of a gas
D. a chemical explosion
176. During an adiabatic process the pressure of the gas is found to be proportional to
fourth power of temperature. The ideal gas would be:
A. H2
B. He
C. CH2
D. mixture of H2 and He

177. During an isothermal process which of the following is true?
A. Temperature increases
B. Temperature decreases
C. dW= dQ
D. None of them
178. Isothermal process can be defined as:
A. PV = constant
B. PV = RT
C. P / V = constant
D. P / V = nRT
A. dQ= dW-dU
B. dQ=dU
C. dQ= dU+dW
D. dQ= dW
180. Which of the following is a thermodynamic coordinate?
A. P
B. T
C. V
D. R
181. When heat is given to isobaric process then
A. Work is done by the gas
B. Internal energy of gas decreases
C. Both (a)and b)
D. None of them
182. If N is the number of molecules of a gas in a container. Then number of moles can be
calculated as:
A. N + NA
B. NA ÷ N
C. N ÷ NA
D. NxNA
183. 100 W heater is used to melt 50 g of ice at 0C. How long should the heater be switched
on? Specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 334 J/g.
A. 28 min
B. 16.7 min
C. 2.8 min
D. 167 min
184. An ideal gas is compressed to half of its initial volume. Which of these process would
result in maximum work done?
A. Adiabatic
B. Isobaric
C. Isochoric
D. Isothermal

185. If system changes from a state P1 V1 to P2V2 by two paths then quantity which remains
unchanged is:
A. dQ
B. dW
C. dQ-dW
D. dQ+dW
186. An ideal reversible heat engine is 1 efficient only if:
A. hot reservoir is at 0K
B. hot reservoir is at 0C
C. cold reservoir is at 0C
D. cold reservoir is at 0K
187. Efficiency of heat engine in Terms of Temperature of reservoir and sink is defined as
A. T1/T2
B. 1+T1/T2
C. 1-T1/T2
D. T2/T1
188. Under what conditions of temperature and pressure does a real gas approximate to an
ideal gas?
A. Pressure = low temperature = low
B. Pressure = low temperature = high
C. Pressure = high temperature = low
D. Pressure = high temperature = high
189. Some ice, at its melting point, is added to m kg of water at initial temperature 290 K. If c
is the specific heat capacity of water and L is latent heat of fusion of ice. Ice melts
completely. Final temperature of the water is 273 K. What is the minimum mass of ice
that is required?
A. 17mc ----------- L
B. L ------------ 17mc
C. 17m ------------- Lc
D. 290m ---------- Lc
A. 123 C
B. -123 C
C. 423 C
D. -423 C
191. A monatomic ideal gas is thermally insulated, so no heat can flow between it and its
surroundings. Is it possible for the temperature of the gas to rise?
A. Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done by the gas
B. No. The only way that the temperature can rise is if heat is added to the gas
C. Yes. The temperature can rise if work is done on the gas
D. No. The only way that the temperature can rise is by adding more molecules in container
192. In which process the net work done is zero?
A. Cyclic
B. Free expansion
C. Isochoric
D. Adiabatic
193. Internal energy remains same throughout the process in
A. adiabatic process
B. isothermal process
C. cyclic process
D. both (i) and (ii)
A. 123 C
B. -123 C
C. 423 C
D. -423 C
195. A closed container contains an ideal gas. Which of the following changes will result in
decrease in temperature?
A. Volume = decrease temperature = decrease
B. Volume = decrease temperature = increase
C. Volume = increase temperature = decrease
D. Volume = increase temperature = increase
196. The efficiency of the heat engine can be defined as:
A. Q2 1 - --------- Q1
B. Q2 1 + --------- Q1
C. Q1 1 - --------- Q2
D. Q1 1 + --------- Q2
197. For an isothermal process, the first law of thermodynamics can be written as:
A. Heat absorbed = work done on the system
B. Heat absorbed = work done by the system
C. Heat released = work done by the system
198. The Boltzmann’s constant, kB, is defined as:
A. NA + R
B. R ---- NA
C. NA ------- R
D. NA * R
199. A liquid has mass m and specific heat capacity c. The rate of change in temperature of
liquid is R. What is the rate at which heat is transferred from the liquid.
A. Rmc
B. R ------- mc
C. mc -------- R
D. Rm -------- c
200. 100 W heater is used to heat 500 g of water from 20C to 50C. How long should the
heater be switched on? Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 J/gC.
A. 63 sec
B. 63 min
C. 630 sec
D. 6.3 min
201. The energy input to an engine is 60 J, and the work it performs is 15 J. What is its
thermal efficiency?
A. 4.00
B. 1.00
C. 0.25

PMC Practice Test Questions of Heat & Thermodynamics

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PMC PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS OF HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS PAGE # 1

PHYSICS >> Thermodynamics

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

SINDH ACADEMY UMERKOT Composed By: M. Hanif Mahar

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