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Book 1
Book 1
Yiled = 91.00 %
Sehingga feed yang masuk sebesar = 5550.01 kg/hr 5550.01
= 239.15 kmol/hr
Asumsi perbandingan feed yang masuk antara oksigen dan methanol sebesar 2 : 1 (Mc.Ketta)
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 30.00 OC 303.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 92.00 CO
365.15 K
Tekanan = 3.00 atm
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F1 F13 F3
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
CH3OH 2550.95 79.72 93.75 2.93 2644.70 82.65
CH2O 0.00 120.77 4.03 120.77 4.03
H2O 14.49 0.81 96.62 5.37 111.12 6.17
N2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 2565.44 80.52 311.14 12.32 2876.58 92.85
Neraca Energi
Data yang digunakan dalam perhitungan Neraca Energi
Basis = 1.00 jam operasi
T referensi = 25.00
O
C 298.18
KJ 1000.00 J
Satuan KJ/jam
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
YAWS,1999
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
CH2O 49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
H2O 92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
N2 76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
O2 46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
CO 125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
453557.51
Tabel 2-196 Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook by Robert H. Perry, Don W. Green 7'th Edition
Heat Of Formation (J/mol.K)
Komponen Hf
CH3OH -200660.00
CH2O -108570.00
H2O -241818.00
O2 0.00
N2 0.00
CO -110525.00
YAWS,1999
Heat of Vaporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐
(kj/mol. K) )^𝑛
Rumus :
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 52.72 512.58 0.37
CH2O 60.94 408.00 0.30
H2O 52.05 647.13 0.32
O2 8.04 154.58 0.20
N2 9.43 126.10 0.53
CO 8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
Komposisi Bahan Baku Komposisi Produk
4078.64 kg/jam
1471.37
INPUT
KOMPONEN F1 F2
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
CH3OH 2550.95 79.72 0.00 0.00
CH2O 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 14.49 0.81 0.00 0.00
N2 0.00 0.00 14394.63 599.78
O2 0.00 0.00 5101.89 159.43
Total 2565.44 80.52 19496.52 759.21
1.Vaporizer
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
total
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
total
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
total
Aliran
Q1
W. Green 7'th Edition Q2
Qv
Qw in
Qw out
Total
mposisi Produk Data Berat Molekul Komponen Produk
BM BM/fraksi Komponen BM
32.00 0.00 CH3OH 32.00
30.00 0.02 CH2O 30.00
18.00 0.02 H2O 18.00
Total 23.21 N2 24.00
O2 32.00
CO 28.00
INPUT OUTPUT
F13 F3
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
93.75 2.93 2644.70 82.65
120.77 4.03 120.77 4.03
96.62 5.37 111.12 6.17
0.00 0.00 14394.63 599.78
0.00 0.00 5101.89 159.43
311.14 12.32 22373.11 852.06
30.00 C
O
mperatur masuk : 303.15
92.00 C
O
mperatur keluar : 365.15
anan masuk : 3.00 atm
Qin Qout
19227.15
285033.44
3119.57
8938590.46
8669664.59
8957817.61 8957817.61
0.00
n Produk
K
K
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32
CH2O 30 Udara in Udara out
H2O 18
N2 24
O2 32
CO 28
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 30 OC 303.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 30 C
O
303.15 K
Tekanan = 4 atm
Densitas Udara
KomponenA B n Tc
N2 0.31205 0.28479 0.2925 126.1
O2 0.43533 0.28772 0.2924 1.55E+02
(Yaws, vol 1-4, 1992)
Komponenρi Xi Xi/ρi
N2 0.341919 0.738318 0.252445
O2 6.59E-01 0.261682 1.72E-01
ρ 424.8071 Kg/m3
Daya Blower
𝑃=(144×ƞ×𝑄)/33000
Efisiensi ƞ 0.8
P 0.160215 HP
4×ƞ×𝑄)/33000
(Perry & Green, 1999)
NERACA MASSA PREHEATER-1
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32.00
CH2O 30.00
H2O 18.00
N2 24.00
O2 32.00
CO 28.00
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 80.00 OC 353.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 300.00 C O
573.15 K
Tekanan = 3.00 atm
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
YAWS,1999
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
CH2O 49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
H2O 92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
N2 76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
O2 46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
CO 125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
YAWS,1999
Heat of Vaporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐
(kj/mol. K) )^𝑛
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 52.72 512.58 0.37
CH2O 60.94 408.00 0.30
H2O 52.05 647.13 0.32
O2 8.04 154.58 0.20
N2 9.43 126.10 0.53
CO 8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI PREHEATER-1
PREHEATER-1
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk : 92.00
Temperatur keluar : 400.00
Tekanan masuk : 3.00
0.00
C
O
365.15 K
C
O
673.15 K
atm
K
PERHITUNGAN DESAIN PREHEATER-1
NERACA MASSA PREHEATER-2
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 30.00 O
C 303.15 K Komponen
Temperatur keluar = 300.00 O
C 573.15 K
Tekanan = 3.00 atm
Komponen
214970.89
YAWS,1999
Komponen
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI PREHEATER-2
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
AWS,1999
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
CH2O 49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
H2O 92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
N2 76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
O2 46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
CO 125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
YAWS,1999
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 52.72 512.58 0.37
CH2O 60.94 408.00 0.30
H2O 52.05 647.13 0.32
O2 8.04 154.58 0.20
N2 9.43 126.10 0.53
CO 8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI PREHEATER-2
PREHEATER-1
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
0.00
30.00 O
C 303.15 K
300.00 O
C 573.15 K
3.00 atm
C
O 391.01 K
PERHITUNGAN DESAIN PREHEATER-2
NERACA MASSA HEATER-1
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32.00
CH2O 30.00
H2O 18.00
N2 24.00
O2 32.00
CO 28.00
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 300.00 OC 573.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 400.00 C
O
673.15 K
Tekanan = 4.00 atm
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2 25.40 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO2 27.44 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
YAWS,1999
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
CH2O 49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
H2O 92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
N2 76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
O2 46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
CO 125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
YAWS,1999
Heat of Vaporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐
(kj/mol. K) )^𝑛
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 52.72 512.58 0.37
CH2O 60.94 408.00 0.30
H2O 52.05 647.13 0.32
O2 8.04 154.58 0.20
N2 9.43 126.10 0.53
CO 8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI HEATER-1
PREHEATER-1
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
Qs = 653136.32 kJ
T = 450.00 K
Hv = 3379.80 kJ/kg
Hl = 561.43 kJ/kg
ms = 231.74 kg
Qs in = 783243.27 kJ
Qs out = 130106.96 kJ
Neraca Panas Preheater-02 (E-202)
0.00
300.00 OC 573.15 K
400.00 OC 673.15 K
3.00 atm
Hin
4847853.87
1338576.17
6186430.04
Hout
4987501.38
1852064.98
6839566.36
PERHITUNGAN DESAIN HEATER-2
Data Berat Molekul Komponen
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32
CH2O 30 Udara in Udara out
H2O 18
N2 24
O2 32
CO 28
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 30 OC 303.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 30 C
O
303.15 K
Tekanan = 4 atm
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN Udara in udara out
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
CH3OH 2644.7 82.65 2644.7 82.6468632
CH2O 120.7669 4.03 120.7669 4.02556212
H2O 111.1155 6.17 111.1155 6.17308287
N2 14394.63 599.7762 14394.63 599.776228
O2 5101.894 159.4342 5101.894 159.434187
C0 0 0 0 0
Total 22373.11 852.0559 22373.11 852.055924
Nama Alat : Blower
Kode Alat :
Fungsi : Mengalirkan udara bebas ke dehumidifier
Jenis : blower sentrifugal
Jumlah : 1 unit
Udara out Bahan konstruksi : carbon steel
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur = 30 °C 303.15 K
Tekanan = 3 atm
Asumsi tekanan sucti= 760 mmHg
Asumsi tekanan disch= 2280 mmHg 𝜌=𝐴/𝐵^((1 − 〖
𝑇 /𝐶3) 〗 ^𝐶4 )
Densitas Udara
KomponenA B n Tc
N2 0.31205 0.28479 0.2925 126.1
O2 0.43533 0.28772 0.2924 1.55E+02
(Yaws, vol 1-4, 1992)
Komponenρi Xi Xi/ρi
N2 0.341919 0.64339 0.219987
O2 6.59E-01 0.228037 1.50E-01
ρ 370.1882 Kg/m3
Daya Blower
𝑃=(144×ƞ×𝑄)/33000
Efisiensi ƞ 0.8
P 0.21098 HP
4×ƞ×𝑄)/33000
(Perry & Green, 1999)
NERACA MASSA REAKTOR FIXED
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F3 F4
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
CH3OH 2644.70 82.65 105.13 3.29 0.00
CH2O 120.77 4.03 2376.78 79.23 0.11
H2O 111.12 6.17 1614.52 89.70 0.07
N2 14394.63 599.78 14394.63 599.78 0.64
O2 5101.89 159.43 3765.53 117.67 0.17
CO 0.00 0.00 116.51 4.16 0.01
Total 22373.11 852.06 22373.11 893.82 1.00
0.00
OKSIDASI mm
saat kondisi gas ideal, sehigga, koefisien fugasitas = 1, persamaan yang dgunakan pers. 14.28 Smith and Van Ness
Karena reaksi tidak bekerja pada kondisi ideal maka digunakan persamaan 10.33 smith and van ness
K(T) = Ky = Π(yi)^vi*(fi/P)^vi
K(T) 1.28
e= 79.36
ory Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Persamaan 17.28 halaman 653 R. Richard Elliot & Carl T Lira, Introduc
dG/RT = -0.25
dG= -1388.01
menentukan fugasitas
= -0.22
= 0.81
fi= 2.34
KI= 1.28
NERACA MASSA REAKTOR FIXED BED MULTITUBE
Hot Water
Gas produk
Reaki samping
berdasarkan jurnal yield formaldehida 88-91% maka diasumsikan formaldehida y
CH2O + 1/2 O2 →
M 4.17 119.75
B e 0,5e
S 4,04-e 119,82-0,5e
81.82
P 2.90 bar 2.86 atm R=
T 400.00 C 673.15 K
242.08 To 25.00 C 298.15 K
Smith and Van Ness saat kondisi gas ideal, sehigga, koefisien fugasitas = 1, persamaan yang dgunakan pers. 14.2
Karena reaksi tidak bekerja pada kondisi ideal maka digunakan persamaan 10.33 smith and
K(T) = Ky = Π(yi)^vi*(fi/P)^vi
K(T) 1.39
e= 4.16
Zat v A B C D
CH2O -1.00 23.48 0.03 0.00 0.00
O2 -0.50 28.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 1.00 30.87 -0.01 0.00 0.00
H2O 1.00 32.23 0.00 0.00 0.00
hard Elliot & Carl T Lira, Introductory Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics, Persamaan 17.28 halaman 653
dG/RT = -0.34
dG= -1876.16
menentukan fugasitas
=
fi=
KI= 1.40
diasumsikan formaldehida yang bereaksi di reaksi samping 0,05% dari formaldehida yang terbentuk dan aliran recycle
CO + H2O
e e
e e
123.92
8.31 J/molK
Maka Yield formaldehida = 0.91
dH298 dG298
-115.97 -109.99
0.00 0.00
-110.62 -137.37
-242.00 -228.77
2.86 atm
673.15 K
298.15 K
-1.19 23.72
0.00 0.04
-0.29
0.75
2.17
NERAC
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
OKSIDASI
CH3OH + 1/2 O2 →
∆Qr1 = -11741344.63 Kj
REAKSI SAMPING
CH2O + 1/2 O2 →
∆Qr2 = -988789.26 kJ
∆QrT = -12730133.89 kJ
𝑄_𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑜𝑟= 𝑄_𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑘−∆HRx -
𝑄_𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑟
𝑄_𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑡𝑜𝑟= 12579706.74 kJ
m = 150331.10 kg
QW in = 3126057.12 kJ
QW out = 15705763.86 kJ
Komponen
Q rekaksi CH3OH
-15924705.52 CH2O
0.00 H2O
-15924705.52 N2
O2
CO
Q rekaksi
-8616292.63 Heat Of Formation (J/mol.K)
-19191071.66
-27807364.29 H2O
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
N2
673.00 K O2
CO
Q rekaksi
1725626.57 YAWS,1999
460951.65
2186578.22
673.00 K
Q rekaksi 𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐 )^
1281291.09
1046601.27
2327892.36
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
O2
N2
CO + H2O CO
YAWS,1999
Q rekaksi
-451765.56
0.00
-451765.56
Q rekaksi
62981.32
24168.41
87149.73
673.00 K
Q rekaksi
27351.94
85360.99
112712.94
Hin
71433.49
1279103.59
1182885.26
6650001.84
1366944.92
45586.57
10595955.67
30.00
50.00
303.15 K
323.15 K
Nama Alat
Kode Alat
Fungsi
acity (j/mol.K)
digunakan gas ideal
=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
A B C D E
40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
25.40 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
27.44 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
YAWS,1999
Data yang digunakan untuk Pc
untuk liqiud (j/kmol. K)
C1 C2 C3 C4
40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
Feed masuk reaktor pada kond
mation (J/mol.K)
Hf
-200660.00
-108570.00
-241818.00
0.00
0.00
-110525.00
(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅× 𝑇_𝐶 )=
𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐 )^𝑛
A Tc n
52.72 512.58 0.37
60.94 408.00 0.30 Data untuk menghitung viskos
52.05 647.13 0.32
8.04 154.58 0.20
9.43 126.10 0.53
8.00 132.92 0.32
D.Menghitung konduktivitas P
E. Menghitung Dimensi reakto
1. Mentukan ukuran dan jumla
0.01
R-102
Mereaksikan sisa methanol dari reaktor 1
Berdasarkan Turton, 2009 karena suhu reaktor yang tinggi reaksinya bisa dianggap seketika
1. Menentukan Kondisi Feed
A.Menghitung BM Feed
Untuk menghitung BM feed digunakan persamaan :
𝐵𝑀=𝛴(𝑌𝑖×𝐵𝑚𝑖)
BM = 27.11 gram/mol
Data yang digunakan untuk Pc, Tc, dan ω diperoleh dari Yaws
(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅× 𝑇_𝐶 )=
0.02
Z 1.04
R= 83.14 cm3.atm/K.mol
ρ= 0.00 g/cm3
1.35 Kg/m3
Komponen A B C
CH3OH -14.24 0.39 0.00
CH2O -6.44 4.48 0.00
H2O -36.63 0.43 0.00
N2 44.22 0.56 0.00
O2 42.61 0.48 0.00
CO 35.09 0.51 0.00
𝑛_𝑔𝑎𝑠=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2
Komponen xi µ xi/µ
CH3OH 0.00 219.15 0.00 0.00
CH2O 0.09 2963.51 0.00 0.00
H2O 0.10 244.81 0.00 0.00
N2 0.67 371.33 0.00 0.00
O2 0.13 317.58 0.00 0.00
CO 0.00 315.71 0.00 0.00
Total 1.00 4432.09 0.00 0.00
µ= 371.34 µP
0.37 cP
1.34 kg/m.jam
0.00 g/cm.jam
C.kapistas panas campuran
Cp = 10445528.52 k/kmol
385337.64 kJ/kg
∑Fi.Cpi = 10445528.52 kmol/jam
Komponen A B C
CH3OH 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 0.29 0.00 0.00
Komponen yi Kg Kg.yi
CH3OH 0.00 0.07 0.00
CH2O 0.09 0.06 0.01
H2O 0.10 0.05 0.01
N2 0.67 0.05 0.04
O2 0.13 0.05 0.01
CO 0.00 -0.92 0.00
Total 1.00 -0.63 0.05
Dari hasil perhitungan tersebut, maka diambil ukuran pipa standar agar koefisien perpindahan panasnnya baik.
F= 22373.11 Kg/jam
6214.75 g/s
µ= 0.00 g/cm.jam
Nre = 4200.00
Gt = 1.61 g/cm3.s
π= 3.14
At = 3856.24 cm2 0.39 m
A0 = 7.86 cm2
Nt = 490.43 ≈ 1350.00 buah
2.Menghitung diameter dalam reaktor 0.01
Direncanakan tube disusun dengan pola triangular pitch.
0.05 𝐼𝐷𝑠=√((2×𝑁_𝑇×0,5 sin〖 60× 〗 𝑃 _𝑇^2)/(𝜋/4))
Pt = 2.08 in
C' = 0.42 in
IDs = 80.08 in 𝐵=(0,2~1)×𝐼𝐷𝑠
2.03 m (Kern, 1965)
B= 16.02 in
0.41 m
𝐷_𝑒=( 〖 4×(𝑃 〗 _𝑇^2×0,5×0,086 〖− (1/8×𝜋×𝑂𝐷𝑇 〗 ^2)))/(0,5×𝜋×𝑂𝐷𝑇)
De = 1.18 in
0.03 m
as = 256.50 in2
0.17 0.00 m2
𝑎_𝑆=(𝐼𝐷𝑆×𝐶×𝐵)/𝑃_𝑇
Wp = 150331.10 kg
Tp = 303.15 K
TP out = 323.15 k
Gs = 908427.92 kg/m2.jam (Kern, 1965)
μ pendingin = 0.82 cP
2.93 kg/m.jam 𝐺_𝑆=𝑊_𝑝/𝑎_𝑠 (Kern, 1965)
Res = 9291.84
Gt = 23118921.86 kg/m2.jam -10.22 1792.50 0.02
Ret = 77823.18 303.15
kp = 0.57 kJ/m.jam.K
〖𝑅𝑒〗 _𝑠= 〖𝐺 _𝑆×𝐷 〗 _𝑒/𝜇_𝑝
BMp = 18.00 kg/kmol
jHo = 400.00 (Kern, 1965)
jHi = 320.00
ho = 21107.24 kJ/jam.m2.K 〖𝑅𝑒〗 _𝑡= 〖𝐺 _𝑡×𝐷 〗 _𝑝/𝜇_𝑝 𝐺_𝑡=𝑊_𝑡/𝐴_𝑡
hi = 229416.38 kJ/jam.m2.K
Cpp = 4.18 kj/kg.K
ℎ_𝑖𝑜=ℎ_𝑖×(𝐼𝐷𝑇/𝑂𝐷𝑇)
𝑈_𝐶=((ℎ_𝑖𝑜×ℎ_𝑜)/(ℎ_𝑖𝑜+ℎ_𝑜 ))
N= 18.68
∆Ps = 0.24 atm
th = 0.32
ths = 0.38 in
r= 84.00 in
icr = 5.13 in
sf = 3.00 sf = 1,5-3 in
a= 40.04 in
AB = 34.91 in
BC = 78.88
AC = 70.73
b= 13.27
OA = 16.65 in 0.42 m
Hr = 8.45 m
V had = 0,000076 X IDs3
0.00 m3 14.42
V shell = 24.68 m3 556380.42
V reaktor = 24.68 m3
Menghitung Diameter Pipa Pemasukan dan Pengeluaran Reaktor dan Pipa Pendingin
Z0 = 0.00 m
X0 = 0.00
P0 = 2.90 atm
∆z = 0.20 m
REAKSI UTAMA
OKSIDASI
CH3OH + 1/2 O2
𝑟_1=(𝑘_𝑝1×𝑌_𝑚×𝑃)/(1+ 〖𝑎𝑝〗 _1×𝑌_𝑚×𝑃+ 〖𝑎𝑝〗 _2×𝑌_𝑚×𝑃)×3600
k1 = 0.02 kmol/kg.cat.det.atm
ap1 = 106.56 kmol/kmol CH3OH.atm
ap2 = 0.00 kmol/kmol CH3OH.atm
r1 = 0.27 kmol/kg.cat.jam.atm
/((𝑇_𝑅 )^1,6 )
C. Data spesifikasi katalis
Katalis iron molybdenum oxide memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut :
2/((𝑇_𝑅 )^4,2 ) 1) Komposisi : MoO3 (85-86%), FeO3 (14-15%)
2) Bentuk : spheres
+(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅× 𝑇_𝐶 )×𝑃_𝑅/𝑇_𝑅 3) Densitas : 1.90 gr/cm3
4) Diameter : dalam 1.70
5) Porositas bed : 0.34 g/cc
6) Luas permukaan : 5.20 m3/kg
2)))/(0,5×𝜋×𝑂𝐷𝑇)
(Kern, 1965)
0.00
×𝜇 〗 _𝑝)/𝑘_𝑝 )
(Kern, 1965)
𝑚 〖 ×𝜇 〗 _𝑐𝑎𝑚)/𝑘_𝑐𝑎𝑚 )
(Kern, 1965)
/(ℎ_𝑖𝑜+ℎ_𝑜 ))
𝑁=𝑍/𝐵
6.21
euler 1 dT/dZ euler 2 dTs/dZ euler 3 dP/dZ euler 4
0.00 -0.34 673.15 -0.32 323.15 0.00 2.90
0.00 -0.34 673.22 -0.32 323.09 0.00 2.90
0.00 -0.35 673.36 -0.32 322.96 0.00 2.90
0.00 -0.35 673.57 -0.32 322.77 0.00 2.90
0.01 -0.35 673.85 -0.32 322.52 0.00 2.90
0.01 -0.35 674.20 -0.32 322.20 0.00 2.90
0.02 -0.35 674.62 -0.32 321.82 0.00 2.90
0.02 -0.35 675.12 -0.32 321.38 0.00 2.90
0.03 -0.36 675.69 -0.32 320.87 0.00 2.90
0.05 -0.36 676.33 -0.32 320.30 0.00 2.90
0.06 -0.36 677.05 -0.32 319.67 0.00 2.90
0.08 -0.36 677.84 -0.32 318.97 0.00 2.90
0.11 -0.36 678.71 -0.32 318.21 0.00 2.90
0.13 -0.36 679.65 -0.32 317.39 0.00 2.90
0.16 -0.36 680.67 -0.32 316.51 0.00 2.90
0.19 -0.36 681.76 -0.32 315.56 0.00 2.90
0.23 -0.36 682.93 -0.32 314.54 0.00 2.89
0.27 -0.37 684.17 -0.32 313.47 0.00 2.89
0.31 -0.37 685.49 -0.32 312.33 0.00 2.89
0.35 -0.37 686.88 -0.32 311.13 0.00 2.89
0.39 -0.37 688.34 -0.32 309.86 0.00 2.89
0.44 -0.36 689.87 -0.32 308.53 0.00 2.89
0.49 -0.36 691.47 -0.32 307.14 0.00 2.89
0.53 -0.36 693.14 -0.32 305.69 0.00 2.89
0.58 -0.36 694.88 -0.32 304.17 0.00 2.89
0.62 -0.36 696.68 -0.32 302.59 0.00 2.89
0.67 -0.36 698.55 -0.32 300.94 0.00 2.89
0.71 -0.36 700.48 -0.32 299.23 0.00 2.88
0.75 -0.36 702.48 -0.32 297.46 0.00 2.88
0.78 -0.36 704.54 -0.32 295.62 0.00 2.88
0.82 -0.35 706.66 -0.32 293.73 0.00 2.88
0.85 -0.35 708.85 -0.32 291.77 0.00 2.88
0.87 -0.35 711.10 -0.32 289.74 0.00 2.88
0.90 -0.35 713.41 -0.32 287.65 0.00 2.88
0.92 -0.35 715.78 -0.32 285.50 0.00 2.88
0.93 -0.35 718.21 -0.32 283.29 0.00 2.87
0.95 -0.35 720.71 -0.32 281.01 0.00 2.87
0.96 -0.35 723.27 -0.32 278.67 0.00 2.87
0.97 -0.35 725.89 -0.32 276.26 0.00 2.87
0.98 -0.34 728.58 -0.32 273.79 0.00 2.87
0.98 -0.34 731.33 -0.32 271.26 0.00 2.87
0.99 -0.34 734.15 -0.32 268.67 0.00 2.87
0.99 -0.34 737.04 -0.32 266.01 0.00 2.86
0.99 -0.34 739.99 -0.32 263.29 0.00 2.86
1.00 -0.34 743.01 -0.32 260.51 0.00 2.86
1.00 -0.34 746.09 -0.32 257.66 0.00 2.86
1.00 -0.34 749.25 -0.32 254.75 0.00 2.86
1.00 -0.34 752.47 -0.32 251.77 0.00 2.85
1.00 -0.34 755.76 -0.32 248.74 0.00 2.85
1.00 -0.34 759.12 -0.32 245.64 0.00 2.85
1.00 -0.34 762.55 -0.32 242.47 0.00 2.85
1.00 -0.34 766.04 -0.32 239.25 0.00 2.85
1.00 -0.34 769.61 -0.32 235.96 0.00 2.84
1.00 -0.34 773.24 -0.32 232.60 0.00 2.84
1.00 -0.34 776.94 -0.32 229.18 0.00 2.84
1.00 -0.34 780.71 -0.32 225.70 0.00 2.84
1.00 -0.34 784.55 -0.32 222.16 0.00 2.84
1.00 -0.34 788.45 -0.32 218.55 0.00 2.83
1.00 -0.34 792.43 -0.32 214.88 0.00 2.83
1.00 -0.34 796.47 -0.32 211.15 0.00 2.83
1.00 20.56 549.75 -0.32 207.35 0.00 2.83
→ CH2O + H2O
𝑘= 〖 5,37227×10 〗 ^2 𝑒𝑥𝑝((−7055,14)/𝑇)
XA = X0 0.00
XA = X 0.82
Z
isi shell) setebal deltaZ ∆
−𝜀)×𝜇)/𝐷_𝑃 +1,75×𝐺_𝑡 ∆Z
1900.00 kg/m3
luar 4.50 mm
(Fauzan, 2016)
NERACA MASSA COOLER-1
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32
CH2O 30
H2O 18
N2 24
O2 32
CO 28
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+
Kondisi Operasi =
Temperatur masuk = 80 OC 353.15 K
Temperatur keluar = 400 OC 673.15 K
Tekanan = 4 atm
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.046 -3.83E-02 2.45E-04 -2.17E-07 5.99E-11
CH2O 34.428 -2.98E-02 1.51E-04 -1.27E-07 3.39E-11
H2O 33.933 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05 -1.78E-08 3.69E-12
N2 29.342 -3.54E-03 1.01E-05 -4.31E-09 2.59E-13
O2 29.526 -8.90E-03 3.81E-05 -3.26E-08 8.86E-12
CO 29.556 -6.58E-03 2.01E-05 -1.22E-08 2.26E-12
YAWS,1999
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.152 3.10E-01 -1.03E-03 1.46E-06
CH2O 49.637 5.57E-01 -1.25E-03 1.17E+06
H2O 92.053 -4.00E-02 -2.11E-04 5.35E-07
N2 76.452 -3.52E-01 -2.67E-03 5.01E-05
O2 46.432 3.95E-01 -7.05E-03 4.00E-05
CO 125.595 -1.70E+00 1.07E-02 4.19E-06
YAWS,1999
Heat of Vaporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐
(kj/mol. K) )^𝑛
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 5.27E+01 512.58 0.37
CH2O 6.09E+01 408 0.297
H2O 5.21E+01 647.13 0.321
O2 8.04E+00 154.58 0.201
N2 9.43E+00 126.1 0.533
CO 8.00E+00 132.92 0.318
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI COOLER-1
COOLER-1
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
Qc = -1.04E+06 kJ
m = 2.48E+04 kg
QW in = 5.16E+05 kJ
QW out = 1.55E+06 kJ
0.00
117.86 OC 391.0083 K
80 OC 353.15 K
2.9 atm
Hin
14637.99
275059.34
282395.11
1622971.08
325284.52
11285.37
2.53E+06
Hout
8450.90
160024.11
166617.68
959862.08
191740.37
6668.35
1.49E+06
melepaskan pans
303.15 K
313.15 K
PERHITUNGAN DESAIN COOLER-1
NERACA MASSA
INPUT
Komponen F4 F5
kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
CH3OH 105.13 3.29 0.00
CH2O 2376.78 79.23 0.00
H2O 1614.52 89.70 4322.72
N2 14394.63 599.78 0.00
O2 3765.53 117.67 0.00
CO 116.51 4.16 0.00
Total 22373.11 893.82 4322.72
T= 30.00
Komponen A B
CH3OH 0.27 0.27
CH2O 0.26 0.22
H2O 0.35 0.27
OUTPUT
F5 F6 F7 F8
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam
0.00 0.00 0.00 63.08 1.97 42.05 1.31
0.00 0.00 0.00 1426.07 47.54 950.71 31.69
240.15 0.00 0.00 5046.66 280.37 890.59 49.48
0.00 14394.63 599.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 3765.53 117.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 116.51 4.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
240.15 18276.67 721.61 6535.81 329.88 1883.35 82.48
CH3OH 0.02
CH2O 0.50
⁰C 303.15 K H2O 0.47
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/kg H2O
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/kg H2O
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
Data Berat Molekul Komponen Data yang digunakan dala
3.28 ft Basis
0.03 m Komponen BM T referensi
2.20 lb CH3OH 32.00 KJ
14.70 psi CH2O 30.00 Satuan
H2O 18.00
N2 24.00
O2 32.00 Heat Capacity (j/mol.K)
CO 28.00 Rumus yang digunakan gas
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
N2
O2
CO
YAWS,1999
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
N2
O2
CO
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
O2
N2
CO
YAWS,1999
12256.68
Heat of Vaporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇
(kj/mol. K)
Rumus :
Komponen
CH3OH
CH2O
H2O
O2
N2
CO
YAWS,1999
NERACA ENERGI PREHEATER
(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
A B C D E
40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
C1 C2 C3 C4
40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
Hf
-200660.00
-108570.00
-241818.00
0.00
0.00
-110525.00
YAWS,1999
aporation𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐
(kj/mol. K) )^𝑛
A Tc n
52.72 512.58 0.37
60.94 408.00 0.30
52.05 647.13 0.32
8.04 154.58 0.20
9.43 126.10 0.53
8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
ERACA ENERGI PREHEATER-1
PREHEATER-1
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar bawah :
Temperatur keluar atas :
Tekanan masuk :
900.23
504.15
0.00
72.00 OC 345.15 K
67.00 OC 340.15 K
56.00 C O
329.15 K
3.00 atm
Data Operasi
T op 42.00
P op 2.80
R 8314.30
viskositas gas (µg) 0.02
viskositas cair (µL) 0.66
densitas gas (ρg) 2.71
340.15 K densitas cair (ρL) 1013.64
BM campuran gas 28.00
sifat fisik
gas 1 c = 10000 µ
viskositas A+BT+(C*(T^2))
KOMPONEN A
CH3OH -14.24
CH2O -6.44
H2O -36.63
N2 42.61
O2 44.22
340.15 K CO 23.81
Total
G'=((ordinat*ρg*(ρL-ρg)*gc)/(Cf*(µL^0,1)*1))^0,5
G=G'/BM campuran
Fg 22373.11
luas penampang tower
A=Fg/G' 5.82
diameter tower
Dt=(4*A/π)^0,5 2.72
8.94
107.23
dari tabel 8.5 coulson & richardson, 2005 hal 332 diperoleh
diffusion volume gas (Via) untuk key komponen (CO)
diffusion volume cair (Vib) untuk pelarut H2O
difusi liquid
Dl=(1,173E-13*(Φ*BM)^0,5*T)/(µ*(Vm^0,6))
β=1,508*(ds^0,376)
L'=L/A
ΦLo=ΦLoW*H 0.00
ΦLs=(0,0486*(µL^0,02)*(σ^0,99))/((ds^1,21)*(ρL^0,37))
ΦLt=ΦLo+ΦLs 0.01
aAw=m*(((808*G')/(ρg^0,5))^n)*(L'^P)
C=ρL/BM liquid
Fl=kL*C
Fg*aA
Fl*aA
faktor absorbsi (A) berkisar antara 1,25-2 (Treybal, 1981 hal.292) mak
NtoG=(ln((y1-(m*x2))/(y2-(m*x2)))*(1-(1/A))+(1/A))/(1-(1/A))
Eq. 8.50 Treybal,1981
E= 0.85
f= 18650.00
C= 0.13
R= 53.61
P= 49.38
ts = 0.29
ts stndard = 0.31
Ods = 107.85
th = 0.21
ths = 0.31
sf = 3.00
a= 53.61
AB = 47.11
BC = 101.50
AC = 89.90
b= 18.10
OA = 21.37
#DIV/0!
15.00
511.81
Perhitungan Desain ABSORBER
PACKED COLUMN
C 315.15 K G
atm 283710.00 Pa 2.84 bar L
m3.Pa/kmol.K 41.15 psi
cP 0.00 kg/m*s
cP 0.00 kg/m*s
kg/m3
kg/m3
(micropoise)
B C µ cP kmol/jam xi
0.39 0.00 102.12 0.01 3.29 0.00
0.45 0.00 124.72 0.01 79.23 0.09
0.43 0.00 96.96 0.01 89.70 0.10
0.48 0.00 182.49 0.02 599.78 0.67
0.56 0.00 210.12 0.02 117.67 0.13
0.54 0.00 178.38 0.02 4.16 0.00
894.79 0.09 893.82 1.00
m3.Pa/kmol.K
K
Pa
kmol/jam Xi Densitas (kg/m3) Xi,D.d
3.29 0.00 3.46 0.01
79.23 0.09 3.25 0.29
89.70 0.10 1.95 0.20
599.78 0.67 2.60 1.74
117.67 0.13 3.46 0.46
4.16 0.00 3.03 0.01
893.82 1.00 17.76 2.71
xi BM BM campuran
0.00 32.00 0.00
0.11 30.00 0.00
0.07 18.00 0.00
0.64 24.00 0.03
0.17 32.00 0.01
0.01 28.00 0.00
1.00 164.00 0.04
ρg/(ρL-ρg))^0,5) 0.01
50.00 N/m2.m
0.01 0.01
mic rasching ring 50 mm dgn spesifikasi sbg brkt (tabel 6.3 Treybal, 1981 hal 196)
mm
m2/m3
1.07 kg/m2.s
0.04 kmol/m2.s
kg/jam 6.21 kg/s
m2
m
ft
in
2.60
0.03 m3/kmol C
H
O
b))^0,5))/(P*(((Via^(1/3))+Vib^(1/3))^2)) 0.00 m2/s in methyl alko
0.00 m2/s
0.56
742.37 kg/m2.jam
0.10 kg/m2.s
0.01
0.00
0.00
roleh persamaan
((2,024*(L'^0,43))-1)))*(σ/0,073)^(0,1737-0,262*(LogL')) -1.29
21)*(ρL^0,37)) 0.01
face area)
k ceramic raschig ring 50 mm
14.95 m2/m3
-19.29 m2/m3
0.73
1-εLo)))^-0,36) 0.00 kmol/m2.s
0.00 kmol/m2.s(kmol/m3)
56.31 kmol/m3
0.09 kmol/m2.s
-0.03 kmol/m3.s
-0.18 kmol/m3.s
kmol/m2.s
m
A))+(1/A))/(1-(1/A)) #DIV/0!
-1.46 m
m
m
m
(single-welded)
psi
𝑡_ℎ=(𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸 −0,2𝑃)+𝐶
in
psi
in 0.01 m
in
in 2.74 m
in
s 7.76 dan
ad diperoleh
didapatkan
𝑊=1/4(3+√(𝑟𝑐/𝑟𝑖)
in
in
sf = 1,5-3 in
in
in
in 0.54 m
2.71
#DIV/0! 1.36
590.55 53.42
m 13.90
RBER
cair
viskositas cP
cP*xi KOMPONEN A B C D
0.00 H2O -10.22 1792.50 0.02 0.00
0.00 TOTAL
0.00 T 313.15 K
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.01
0.01
kmol/jam xi µ (cP) xi*µ (cP)
240.15 1.00 0.66 0.66
240.15
𝐹𝑙𝑣=(𝑊𝐿/𝑊𝑉)×(𝜌𝑉/𝜌𝐿)^0,5
𝐷𝑐=((4×𝑉_𝑊)/(𝜋×𝜌𝑉×𝑈_𝑚𝑎𝑥 ))^0,5
𝑡_ℎ=(𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸 −0,2𝑃)+𝐶
𝑊=1/4(3+√(𝑟𝑐/𝑟𝑖)
log〖 (𝑛/𝑚)=0,206 ×log〖 (𝐵/𝐷)×(𝑥𝐻𝐾𝑓/𝑥𝐿𝐾𝑓)×((𝑥𝐿𝐾𝑏/𝑥𝐻𝐾𝑑)^2 ) 〗 〗
NERACA MASSA
Kondisi operasi
Tekanan = 2.80 atm
2128.00 mmHg 283.71
Suhu trail = 42.00 ⁰C
315.15 K
INPUT
Komponen F7 F9
kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam
CH3OH 63.08 1.97 0.00
CH2O 1426.07 47.54 0.00
H2O 5046.66 280.37 150.06
N2 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 6535.81 329.88 150.06
4.00
OUTPUT
F9 F10 F11
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam
0.00 63.08 1.97 0.00 0.00
0.00 1426.07 47.54 0.00 0.00
8.34 1009.33 56.07 4187.39 232.63
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8.34 2498.48 105.58 4187.39 232.63
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/kg H2O
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/kg H2O
kg/jam
kg/jam
kg/jam
Data Berat Molekul Komponen
3.28 ft
0.03 m Komponen BM
2.20 lb CH3OH 32.00
14.70 psi CH2O 30.00 Data yang digunakan dala
H2O 18.00
N2 24.00
O2 32.00
CO 28.00
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶
YAWS,1999
453557.51
Heat Of Formation (J/mol.K
Capacity (j/mol.K)
us yang digunakan gas ideal
𝐶_(𝑃 )=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2+𝐷𝑇^3+𝐸𝑇^4
Komponen A B C D E
CH3OH 40.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
CH2O 34.43 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
H2O 33.93 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
N2 29.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 29.53 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 29.56 -0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Komponen C1 C2 C3 C4
CH3OH 40.15 0.31 0.00 0.00
CH2O 49.64 0.56 0.00 1165400.00
H2O 92.05 -0.04 0.00 0.00
N2 76.45 -0.35 0.00 0.00
O2 46.43 0.40 -0.01 0.00
CO 125.60 -1.70 0.01 0.00
Tabel 2-196 Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook by Robert H. Perry, Don W. Green 7'th Edition
Of Formation (J/mol.K)
Komponen Hf
CH3OH -200660.00
CH2O -108570.00
H2O -241818.00
O2 0.00
N2 0.00
CO -110525.00
YAWS,1999
of Vaporation (kj/mol. K)
𝐻_𝑣=𝐴×(1−𝑇/𝑇_𝑐 )^𝑛
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 52.72 512.58 0.37
CH2O 60.94 408.00 0.30
H2O 52.05 647.13 0.32
O2 8.04 154.58 0.20
N2 9.43 126.10 0.53
CO 8.00 132.92 0.32
YAWS,1999
Stripping colum
Kondisi Operasi :
Temperatur masuk :
Temperatur keluar :
Tekanan masuk :
-554498.47
40.00 OC 313.15 K
90.00 OC 363.15 K
3.00 atm
100.00 C 373.15 K
Hv
0.00 Qs = 317117.44 kJ
0.00 T = 150 K
590468.41 Hv = 2745.4 kJ/kg
590468.41 Hl = 632.1 kJ/kg
ms = 150.057936 kg
Qs in = 411969.057 kJ
Qs out = 94851.6212 kJ
ABSORBER (AB-01) PACKED COLUMN
Data Operasi
T op 42.00 C 315.15
P op 2.80 atm 283710.00
R 8314.30 m3.Pa/kmol.K
viskositas gas (µg) 0.01 cP 0.00
viskositas cair (µL) 0.66 cP 0.00
densitas gas (ρg) 2.15 kg/m3
densitas cair (ρL) 1013.64 kg/m3
BM campuran gas #DIV/0!
sifat fisik
gas 1 c = 10000 µ
viskositas A+BT+(C*(T^2)) (micropoise)
KOMPONEN A B C
CH3OH -14.24 0.39 0.00
CH2O -6.44 0.45 0.00
H2O -36.63 0.43 0.00
N2 42.61 0.48 0.00
O2 44.22 0.56 0.00
CO 23.81 0.54 0.00
Total
G'=((ordinat*ρg*(ρL-ρg)*gc)/(Cf*(µL^0,1)*1))^0,5 0.95
G=G'/BM campuran #DIV/0!
Fg 6535.81 kg/jam 1.82
luas penampang tower
A=Fg/G' 1.91 m2
diameter tower
Dt=(4*A/π)^0,5 1.56 m
5.12 ft
61.43 in
dari tabel 8.5 coulson & richardson, 2005 hal 332 diperoleh
diffusion volume gas (Via) untuk key komponen (CO) 38.48
diffusion volume cair (Vib) untuk pelarut H2O 9.44
difusi liquid
Dl=(1,173E-13*(Φ*BM)^0,5*T)/(µ*(Vm^0,6))
β=1,508*(ds^0,376)
L'=L/A
ΦLo=ΦLoW*H 0.00
ΦLs=(0,0486*(µL^0,02)*(σ^0,99))/((ds^1,21)*(ρL^0,37)) 0.01
ΦLt=ΦLo+ΦLs 0.01
faktor absorbsi (A) berkisar antara 1,25-2 (Treybal, 1981 hal.292) maka dipilih A
NtoG=(ln((y1-(m*x2))/(y2-(m*x2)))*(1-(1/A))+(1/A))/(1-(1/A)) #DIV/0!
Eq. 8.50 Treybal,1981
E= 0.85 (single-welded)
f= 18650.00 psi
C= 0.13 𝑡_ℎ=(𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸
R= 30.72 in
P= 49.38 psi
ts = 0.22 in 0.01
ts stndard = 0.31 in
Ods = 62.06 in 1.58
th = 0.17
ths = 0.31 in
sf = 3.00 sf =
a= 30.72 in
AB = 24.22 in
BC = 101.50
AC = 98.57
b= 9.43
OA = 12.64 in 0.32
1.61
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.80
15.00 590.55 31.60
511.81 m
Perhitungan Desain ABSORBER
K G 6535.81 kg/jam
Pa 2.84 bar L 150.06 kg/jam
41.15 psi
kg/m*s
kg/m*s
µ cP kmol/jam xi cP*xi
102.12 0.01 1.97 0.01 0.00
124.72 0.01 47.54 0.14 0.00
96.96 0.01 280.37 0.85 0.01
182.49 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
210.12 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
178.38 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
894.79 0.09 329.88 1.00 0.01
BM campuran
0.00
0.01
0.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
N/m2.m
0.01
(tabel 6.3 Treybal, 1981 hal 196)
kg/m2.s
kmol/m2.s
kg/s
N/m
C 16.50
H 1.98
O 5.48
C 0.01
H 0.00
O 0.01
0.00 m2/s in methyl alk 0.01
0.00 m2/s
0.56
78.51 kg/m2.jam
0.01 kg/m2.s
-0,262*(LogL')) -0.12
kmol/m2.s
kmol/m2.s(kmol/m3)
kmol/m3
kmol/m2.s
kmol/m3.s
kmol/m3.s
1.25
m
m
1,5-3 in
13.90
6472.73
cair
viskositas cP
KOMPONEN A B C D kmol/jam xi
H2O -10.22 1792.50 0.02 0.00 8.34 1.00
TOTAL 8.34
T 313.15 K
𝐹𝑙𝑣=(𝑊𝐿/𝑊𝑉)×(𝜌𝑉/𝜌𝐿)^0,5
𝐾=𝑒𝑥𝑝(𝐴+𝐵×ln𝐹𝑙𝑣+ 〖𝐶 ×(ln𝐹𝑙𝑣
𝐷𝑐=((4×𝑉_𝑊)/(𝜋×𝜌𝑉×𝑈_𝑚𝑎𝑥 ))^0,5
𝑡_ℎ=(𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸 −0,
𝑊=1/4(3+√(𝑟𝑐/𝑟𝑖)
log〖 (𝑛/𝑚)=0,206 ×log〖 (𝐵/𝐷)×(𝑥
𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑥)=𝐾×((𝜌𝐿−𝜌𝑉)/𝜌𝑉)^0,5
𝐹𝑙𝑣=(𝑊𝐿/𝑊𝑉)×(𝜌𝑉/𝜌𝐿)^0,5
𝑉_𝑊)/(𝜋×𝜌𝑉×𝑈_𝑚𝑎𝑥 ))^0,5
_ℎ=(𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸 −0,2𝑃)+𝐶
4(3+√(𝑟𝑐/𝑟𝑖)
〖 (𝑛/𝑚)=0,206 ×log〖 (𝐵/𝐷)×(𝑥𝐻𝐾𝑓/𝑥𝐿𝐾𝑓)×((𝑥𝐿𝐾𝑏/𝑥𝐻𝐾𝑑)^2 ) 〗 〗
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN F8 F10 F12
kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr kg/hr kmol/hr
CH3OH 42.05 1.31 63.08 1.97 105.13 3.29
CH2O 950.71 31.69 1426.07 47.54 2376.78 79.23
H2O 890.59 49.48 1009.33 56.07 1899.92 105.55
N2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 1883.35 82.48 2498.48 105.58 4381.83 188.06
Komponen BM
CH3OH 32.00
CH2O 30.00
H2O 18.00
N2 24.00
O2 32.00
CO 28.00
Kondisi operasi :
T= 67.00 C 67.000 C
340.15 K 340.150 K
P= 2.00 atm
1520.00 mmHg
*Thermodynamic Data
Komponen A B C
CH3OH (LK) 45.62 -3244.70 -13.99
CH2O 41.96 -2135.50 -13.77
H2O (HK) 29.86 -3152.20 -7.30
N2 23.86 -476.68 -8.67
O2 20.67 -5.27 -6.71
CO 51.81 -788.24 -22.73
V= 12.03
L= 176.03
V/F = 0.06
Komponen Pi (mmHg) Ki xi
CH3OH 836.51 0.55 0.00
CH2O 12254.57 8.06 0.43
H2O 205.19 0.13 0.57
N2 22675479.55 14918.08 0.00
O2 118276362.97 77813.40 0.00
CO 2324682983.67 1529396.70 0.00
Total 2465648122.46 1622136.92 1.00
Nm = 3.45E+00 ≈ 9.00
ɸ=
q= 1.00
Komponen Xi F α average (αi x Xif) / (αi-ɸ)
Rm = 0.00E+00
R operasi 0.00E+00
0.00E+00
N_m/ 0.25
𝑁=
N= 1.38E+01 ≈ 39.00
Komponen yi D xi B μD
CH3OH (LK) 2.32E-01 2.80E-03 7.51E-02
CH2O 3.29E-01 4.28E-01 3.32E-02
H2O (HK) 4.39E-01 5.70E-01 1.78E-01
N2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
O2 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
CO 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
Total 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 2.86E-01
μD = 1.85E-02 cP
μB = 1.26E-02 cP
μ aver = 0.02 cP
α LK aver = 0.59
Eo = 0.70
N aktual = 1.97E+01 ≈ 19.00
log(Nr/Ns) = 3.94E-03
Nr/Ns = 1.01E+00
Nr = 1.01E+00 NS
Ns = 1.94E+01 Plate ke 20
Komponen A B C
CH3OH 40.046 -3.83E-02 2.45E-04
CH2O 34.428 -2.98E-02 1.51E-04
H2O 33.933 -8.42E-03 2.99E-05
N2 29.342 -3.54E-03 1.01E-05
O2 29.526 -8.90E-03 3.81E-05
CO 29.556 -6.58E-03 2.01E-05
Komponen kmol/jam ∫Cp.dT ∆H (kJ/jam)
CH3OH (LK) 3.29 1.95E+03 6.40E+03
CH2O 79.23 1.53E+03 1.22E+05
H2O (HK) 105.55 1.42E+03 1.50E+05
N2 0.00 1.22E+03 0.00E+00
O2 0.00 1.24E+03 0.00E+00
CO 0.00 1.22E+03 0.00E+00
Total 1.88E+02 8.59E+03 2.78E+05
Komponen A Tc n
CH3OH 5.27E+01 512.58 0.37
CH2O 6.09E+01 408 0.297
H2O 5.21E+01 647.13 0.321
N2 9.43E+00 126.1 0.533
O2 8.04E+00 154.58 0.201
CO 8.00E+00 132.92 0.318
zi
0.02 2.79 0.493 0.01
0.42 3.96 75.26 3.40
0.56 5.28 100.27 0.08
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.00 12.03 176.03 3.48
𝐾_𝑖=𝑃_𝑖/𝑃
𝑌_𝑖=𝐾_𝑖×𝑋_𝑖
yi Destilat Bottom
0.23 2.79 0.49 15.77 0.00
0.33 3.96 75.26 2257.95 0.55
0.44 5.28 100.27 1804.92 0.44
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.00 12.03 176.03 4078.64 1.00
NM TOTAL MD-02
F12 F13 F14
Komponen
kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam kg/jam kmol/jam
CH3OH (LK) 3.29 105.13 2.79 89.36 0.493
CH2O 79.23 2376.78 3.96 118.84 75.26
H2O (HK) 105.55 1899.92 5.28 95.00 100.27
N2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
O2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
CO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 188.06 4381.83 12.03 303.19 176.03
INPUT 4381.83 kgh/jam Error (%)
OUTPUT 4381.83 kgh/jam 0.00
𝑊=1/4(3+√(𝑟𝑐/𝑟𝑖)
buah (rebolier)
tanpa reboiler
D E
-2.17E-07 5.99E-11
-1.27E-07 3.39E-11
-1.78E-08 3.69E-12
-4.31E-09 2.59E-13
-3.26E-08 8.86E-12
-1.22E-08 2.26E-12
0.09
0.12
0.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.03E-01
Kebutuhan Air pendingin
T masuk = 30 O
C 303.15 K
T keluar = 40 O
C 313.15 K
Cp = 4.184 kj/kg.K
m = 4.70E+02 kg
QW in = 9.84E+03 kJ
QW out = 2.95E+04 kJ
Qs = 123929.46 kJ
T = 450 K
Hv = 3379.8 kJ/kg
Hl = 561.429 kJ/kg
ms = 43.97201777286 kg
Qs in = 148616.6256687 kJ
Qs out = 24687.1659662 kJ
xi yi = yi*ki
0.00 0.00
0.43 0.84
0.57 0.15
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
1.00 1.00
F14
kg/jam
15.77 2.93
2257.95 4.03
1804.92 5.37
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
4078.64
0.00
0.55
0.44
ton
𝑃×𝑟𝑖)/(𝑓×𝐸−0,6 𝑃)+𝐶
D μDT μBT
-2.35E-05 3.24E-01 0.281
-2.73E-05 1.01E-01 0.086
-1.26E-05 4.05E-01 0.336
-6.34E-04 1.19E-33 0.000
-1.47E-04 6.96E-09 0.000
8.22E-06 2.12E-02 0.021
D. Menentukan Spefikasi Menara Destilasi
1. Menentukan sifat-sifat fisika
Densitas pada suhu atas T 342.650 K
Komponen A B n Tc (K)
CH3OH 0.272 0.272 0.233 512.580
CH2O 0.262 0.222 0.286 408.000
H2O 0.347 0.274 0.286 647.130
O2 0.435 0.288 0.292 154.580
N2 0.313 0.285 0.293 126.100
CO 0.298 0.277 0.291 132.920
Total 1981.310
(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅× 𝑇_𝐶 )=
-1.185
𝜌=(𝑃×𝐵𝑀)/(𝑍×𝑅×𝑇)
Z= 0.973
ρ= 0.002 g/cm3
1.717 kg/m3
Komponen A B n Tc (K)
CH3OH 0.272 0.272 0.233 512.580
CH2O 0.262 0.222 0.286 408.000
H2O 0.347 0.274 0.286 647.130
O2 0.435 0.288 0.292 154.580
N2 0.313 0.285 0.293 126.100
CO 0.298 0.277 0.291 132.920
Total 1981.310
(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅× 𝑇_𝐶 )=
-1.039
𝜌=(𝑃×𝐵𝑀)/(𝑍×𝑅×𝑇)
Z= 0.979
ρ= 0.002 g/cm3
0.690 kg/m3
hb > (plate spacing + weir height) sehingga plate spacing dapat diterim
I. layout tray
Derajat tray edge
lw/Dc = 0.720
Ꙩc = 90.000
α= 90.000
lh/Dc = 0.200
Hole pitch
lp = 19.000 mm 0.019 m
luas 1 luban 19.625 mm2 0.000 m2
Spesifikasi tray
Diameter tr 1.396 m
Diameter lu 0.005 m
Hole pitch ( 0.019 m
jumlah hole 1776.099 buah
Turn down r 80.000 %
Material traStainless steel (SA-240)
Material d Stainless steel (SA-240)
Tray spacin 0.300 m
Tray thicne 0.003 m
Panjang wei 1.116 m
Tinggi weir 0.040 m
Total press 649.277 Pa
E= 0.850 (single-welded)
f= 12650.000 psi
C= 0.125
R= 27.471 in
P= 0.000 psi
ts = 0.125 in 0.003 m
ts stndard = 0.313 in
Ods = 55.567 in 1.411 m
60.000 in 1.524 m
th = 0.125
ths = 0.313 in
sf = 3.000 sf = 1,5-3
a= 27.471 in
AB = 24.221 in
BC = 56.750
AC = 51.322
b= 8.678
OA = 11.803 in 0.300 m
HL = 11.169 m
T bubble = 340.150 K
Komponen A B C D
CH3OH -9.056 1254.200 0.022 0.000
CH2O -6.367 658.480 0.019 0.000
H2O -10.216 1792.500 0.018 0.000
N2 -15.610 465.050 0.163 -0.001
O2 -5.096 179.830 0.040 0.000
CO -1.122 57.858 -0.005 0.000
F_LV=L_w/V_w √(ρ_v/
lw/Dc = 0.720
Ꙩc = 90.000
α= 90.000
lh/Dc = 0.200
Hole pitch
lp = 19.000 mm 0.019 m
luas 1 luban 19.625 mm2 0.000 m2
Spesifikasi tray
Diameter tr 0.000 m
Diameter lu 0.005 m
Hole pitch ( 0.019 m
jumlah hole ### buah
Turn down r 80.000 %
Material traStainless steel (SA-240)
Material d Stainless steel (SA-240)
Tray spacin 0.300 m
Tray thicne 0.003 m
Panjang wei 0.000 m
Tinggi weir 0.000 m
Total press 0.000 Pa
E= 0.850 (single-welded)
f= 12650.000 psi
C= 0.125
R= 0.000 in
P= 0.000 psi
ts = 0.125 in 0.003 m
ts stndard = 0.313 in
Ods = 0.625 in 0.016 m
60.000 in 1.524 m
th = 0.125
ths = 0.313 in
sf = 3.000 sf = 1,5-3
a= 0.000 in
AB = -3.250 in
BC = 56.750
AC = 56.657
b= 3.343
OA = 6.468 in 0.164 m
HL = #DIV/0! m
T bubble = 35.372 K
Komponen A B C D
CH3OH -9.056 1254.200 0.022 0.000
CH2O -6.367 658.480 0.019 0.000
H2O -10.216 1792.500 0.018 0.000
N2 -15.610 465.050 0.163 -0.001
O2 -5.096 179.830 0.040 0.000
CO -1.122 57.858 -0.005 0.000
ω Yi/BM Pc * Yi Tc * Yi ω * Yi
0.566 0.007 18.545 118.974 0.131
0.282 0.011 21.401 134.334 0.093
0.345 0.024 95.480 283.852 0.151
0.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.066 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.321 0.043 135.425 537.159 0.376
𝐵^0=0,08−0,4/((𝑇_𝑅 )^1,6 )
𝐵^1=0,14−0,2/((𝑇_𝑅 )^4,2 )
𝑍=1+(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅×
× 𝑇_𝐶 )=𝐵 〗 ^0+ 𝜔×𝐵^1 𝑇_𝐶 )×𝑃_𝑅/𝑇_𝑅
xB (1-T/Tc)^n ρ (kg/m3) xB/ρ
0.003 0.758 101.406 0.000
0.428 0.553 114.036 0.004
0.570 0.795 123.942 0.005
0.000 1.081 113.163 0.000
0.000 1.193 69.898 0.000
0.000 1.163 66.847 0.000
1.000 5.544 589.292 0.008
ω BM * Yi Pc * Yi Tc * Yi ω * Yi
0.566 0.000 0.224 1.435 0.002
0.282 0.014 27.791 174.447 0.121
0.345 0.032 123.990 368.611 0.197
0.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.066 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1.321 0.046 152.005 544.493 0.319
𝐵^0=0,08−0,4/((𝑇_𝑅 )^1,6 )
𝐵^1=0,14−0,2/((𝑇_𝑅 )^4,2 )
𝑍=1+(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅×
× 𝑇_𝐶 )=𝐵 〗 ^0+ 𝜔×𝐵^1 𝑇_𝐶 )×𝑃_𝑅/𝑇_𝑅
D_c=√( 〖 4×A
A_n=Q_v/U_v =
_LV=L_w/V_w √(ρ_v/ρ_l ) = U_f=K_1× √((ρ_v− ρ_l)/ρ_v )= 1.448 m2
0.632 0.818 m/s
0.655 m/s
A_c=A_n/ 〖 1−A 〗 _d =
k1 bottom 0.095 1.529 m2
Q_v=V_w/ρ_v = 0.948 m3/s
𝑚)= K_1 [σ_bottom/0,02]^0,2=
0.187
in
maka:
40.000 mm liquid
30.700
14.857 m/s
0.600
3.000
0.700
132.704 mm liquid
104.662 mm liquid
277.366 mm liquid
649.277 Pa
0.006 atm
ate spacing dapat diterima. hb > (plate spacing + weir height) sehingga plate spacing dapat diterima.
1986) didapat nila
𝑛_𝑔𝑎𝑠=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2
μ (Pa.s) Wi/ρ wi/μ Komponen A B C
0.011 0.127 26.390 CH3OH -14.236 0.389 0.000
0.152 0.180 2.584 CH2O -6.439 4.480 0.000
0.011 0.239 28.886 H2O -36.626 0.429 0.000
𝐵^0=0,08−0,4/((𝑇_𝑅
0.022 )^1,6 ) 0.000
0.000 N2 44.224 0.562 0.000
0.019 0.000 0.000 O2 42.606 0.475 0.000
0.003 0.000 0.000 H2 27.758 0.021 0.000
0.219 0.546 57.860 CO2 11.336 0.499 0.000
𝐵^1=0,14−0,2/((𝑇_𝑅 )^4,2 )
CO 35.086 0.507 0.000
𝑍=1+(𝐵×𝑃_𝐶)/(𝑅×
× 𝑇_𝐶 )=𝐵 〗 ^0+ 𝜔×𝐵^1 𝑇_𝐶 )×𝑃_𝑅/𝑇_𝑅
A_c=A_n/ 〖 1−A 〗 _d =
Q_v=V_w/ρ_v =
𝑚)= K_1 [σ_bottom/0,02]^0,2=
𝑚)= K_1 [σ_bottom/0,02]^0,2=
Wi/ρ wi/μ
0.000 13.740
0.000 18.454
0.004 1315.397
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.004 1347.591
𝑛_𝑔𝑎𝑠=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2
Wi/ρ wi/μ
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
1986) didapat nila
𝑃 𝑥 𝑟_𝑐 𝑥 𝑊)/(2 𝑥 𝑓 𝑥 𝐸 −0,2𝑃)+𝐶
in
_𝑙𝑖𝑞=𝐴+ 𝐵/𝑇 +𝐶𝑇+ 〖𝐶𝑇〗 ^2
Wi/ρ wi/μ
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
Wi/ρ wi/μ
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
𝑛_𝑔𝑎𝑠=𝐴+𝐵𝑇+𝐶𝑇^2
Wi/ρ wi/μ
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
D_c=√( 〖 4×A 〗 _C/π)=
0.508 m