Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Unit 1: Who Are The Tourists
Unit 1: Who Are The Tourists
● Tourist: Any person who travels to a foreign country for at least one night, but no
more than one year and whose main purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an
activity remunerated from within the country visited.
● Tourism: The temporary short term movement of people to destinations outside
places where they normally live and work.
Leisure tourists: People who are visiting for pleasure (they are on holiday)
● Meetings: events designed to bring people together for the purpose of exchanging
information.
● Incentives: they travel as part of a motivational incentive scheme to increase or
reward the employee effort.
● Conferences: multi-day events of exchanging information.
● Exhibitions: viewing products and services.
They are high spending and make extensive use of premium fares on trains and
airlines as well as on staying in quality hotels.
Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR): For the purpose of leisure, recreation and holidays.
It is that hole mix of businesses and agencies that work together to serve the need of people
who travel.
There are various sub-sectors:
These ones determine the characteristics of the tourism industry in any particular location
and the types of tourists that are being attracted to go there.
Travel agencies act as agents for a variety of principals (the suppliers of the travel and
tourism industry’s products)
● Retail travel agent: sell holidays, ancillary products, provide info, advise customers.
● Business travel agencies:provide speed and flexibility in making travel arrangements.
Travel agents perform a key role as intermediaries that provide information on destinations
and tour packages and help clients to access this info and confirm their arrangements
though bookings.
A tour operator combines tour and travel components to create a package holiday.
Packing: the process of combining iner-related tourism products and services together. They
have a lower price and are designed for an specific target market.
● Hotel: at least 10 rooms that correspond to high standards and offers dining services.
● Motel: at least 10 rooms situated near a road with a safe parking site (perfect for car
travellers)
● Guesthouse: at least 5 rooms which offers dining services.
● Hostel: simple accommodation, offers dining or cooking facilities.
● Holiday village or camp: has an enclosed area for tents/caravans and parking sites.
● Holiday home: for holiday-makers, is rented fully and has cooking facilities.
● Visitors apartment: is rented out and has cooking facilities.
● Bed and Breakfast: includes breakfast
Serviced accommodation: the staff provides services (cleaning, meals, room services)
which are included in the price.
The cost and quality oh hotels are usually indicative of the range and type of services
available.
The role of catering outlets
Very important for the creation of suitable conditions for tourism and for satisfying basics
needs.
Food and facilities are important to the development and promotion and can be classified as
tourists attractions themselves.
The transportation providers are those operating any major form of transport, these would
include:
- Airlines: they provide the seats, which an individual traveler, business person or tour
operator may purchase.
- Water transport: providers include ferry operators and cruise companies. They provide
vital links between islands and a larger land mass. These services are provided for all
travellers but the tickets are sold by tour operators.
- Rail transport: services are scheduled and travellers perceive trains as safe, inexpensive
and convenient. They often include many facilities such as sleeping compartments and
restaurants.
-Coach transport: operations can be categorised as: coach services, private hire services,
tour and excursion operations and transfer services.
-Car transport: Provide cars of varying specifications to suit different group size and
budgets. Can be hired independently through international chains or by making a reservation
through travel agencies.
Attractions draw visitors to a destination and are continually changing and evolving.
Attractions are responsible for the development in many destinations and are the main
motivators for tourist trips. Without them there would be no need of tourist services. Tourist
attractions have strong entertainment connections (sport stadia, theatres, museums)
The role of travel information and guiding services
It refers to the activity of accompanying a group of visitors, giving information on the history
and geography of the area, pointing item of interest and being responsible for conducting the
group.
The tourist guide’s main role is to escort visitors around monuments, sites and museums.
● carry promotional material (leaflets, brochures, guide books) of the local region.
● they are found in points of entry or central locations.
The chain of distribution provides opportunities for intermediaries to offer additional travel
products and services to their customers. They usually offer info services, operate
accommodation booking services, tickets, guided tours, etc.
The role of National Tourism Organisations (NTOs) is to increase the value of inbound
tourism to a particular country. The government will identify a series of objects and the NTO
will facilitate a strategy for their implementation.
● Economic impacts
Positive Negative
● local communities benefit by selling goods Leakage: the way in which revenue generated by
and services directly to visitors. tourism is lost to other countries' economies.
● Provides and generates jobs Import leakage: the money that leaves the country
● Creates new income to pay for the imports of products the host country
● Generation of infraestructures cannot supply, that are demanded by tourists.
● Finance growth Export leakage: the profits overseas investors who
● Foreign currency finance the construction of facilities and
infrastructures take to their origin country.
● Environmental impacts
Positive Negative
● Socio-cultural impacts
Positive Negative
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Unit 2
Locations have a place or a region which is considered a tourist destination that includes
the following features:
● character of their own
● accessible location
● information services (TIC)
● accommodation and catering facilities
● visitors attractions
● shopping facilities
● parking spaces
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