Social Issues and Social Realities

SOCIAL ISSUES
education
violence
AND REALITIES
realities
disaster
poverty
issues
DANILO BUCA
SWO – 1
DUMALINAO, ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR
poverty
health
issues
VAC
relief
SAP
What is social problem?

A social problem is an issue within the society that makes it difficult
for people to achieve their full potential.
poverty
health
issues
VAC
relief
SAP
What is social issue?

* A social issue is one which affects the society as a whole, or the
larger part of society.
* A social issue inflicts consequences on a section of society.
* The responsibility of making an issue social lies on the society at

large.
2020 2020 2020
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DISASTER
MANAGEMENT VAC VAW
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION COUNCIL
RA 10121
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Council
RA 10639
DISASTER The Free Mobile Disaster Alerts Act
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history
MANAGEMENT
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RA 11469
Bayanihan to Heal as One Act
Presidential Order 922
Declaring a State of Public Health

Emergency throughout the Philippines
FOUR THEMATIC AREAS
DISASTER
DISASTER
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PREVENTION AND
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MITIGATION PREPAREDNESS
DISASTER
DISASTER
REHABILITATION
RESPONSE
AND RECOVERY
DISASTER PREVENTION
• Outright avoidance of adverse
impacts of hazards and related
disasters.
prevention
mitigation
disaster
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• It expresses the concept and
intention to completely avoid
potential adverse impacts through
action taken in advance.
DISASTER MITIGATION
• The lessening or limitation of the
adverse impacts of hazards and
prevention
mitigation
disaster
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related disasters.
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DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
The knowledge and the capacities
developed by the governments,
professional response and recovery
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organizations, communities and
individuals to effectively anticipate,
respond, and recover form the
impacts of likely, imminent or current
hazard events or conditions.
DISASTER RESPONSE
The provision of emergency services and
public assistance during/immediate
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after a disaster in order to save lives,
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reduce negative health impacts, ensure
public safety and meet the basic
subsistence needs of the people
affected.
DISASTER REHABILITATION
AND RECOVERY
Rehabilitation – measures
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that ensures the ability of
affected communities
and/or areas to restore
their normal level of
functioning.
DISASTER REHABILITATION
AND RECOVERY
Recovery – the restoration

and improvement where
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appropriate, of facilities and
living conditions of disaster-
affected communities,
including efforts to reduce
disaster risk factors.
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VAC
2020
AGAINST
CHILDREN
VIOLENCE
report
abuse
RA 8353
ANTI-RAPE LAW
RA 7610
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abuse
rights
Special Protection of Children

laws
Against Abuse, Exploitation

and Discrimination Act.
OSEC
PROTOCOLS IN HANDLING
CHILDREN VICTIM-SURVIVORS
The Protocol highlights the roles and
responsibilities of government agencies
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abuse
rights
laws
and their partners, from reporting or

referral of a child abuse case until its
termination, ensuring that child victims
are dealt with in a most child-sensitive
and appropriate manner.
PROTOCOLS
Child victims are those who are:
Abused – physical, sexual, emotional, and
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psychological abuse;
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Neglected – abandoned and those deliberately

unattended by their parent/s or guardians;
Exploited – commercial sexual exploitation

(prostitution and pornography), economic
exploitation (child labor), trafficked children and
other exploitative situations.
RA 7610 PROTOCOLS
Case Management
Case management is a procedure to plan, seek, and

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monitor services from different social agencies and
report
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abuse
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laws
staff on behalf of a client. Usually, one agency takes

primary responsibility for the client and assigns a
case manager who coordinates services, advocates
for the client, sometimes controls resources and
purchases services for the client (Barker 2003).
CASE MANAGEMENT
The following approaches are hereby adopted in the
management of cases of child abuse, neglect, and
exploitation:
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Holistic care - to ensure full or optimum

development of the child: physical, social,
emotional, cognitive, and spiritual development;
CASE MANAGEMENT
Rights-based and life-cycle approach –
to ensure that the rights of the child are upheld
throughout the different stages of the child’s
growth and development. Ensure the
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participation of the child in all processes;
Family and community-based approaches -

recognize that families and communities are the
first line of response in dealing with problems of
children thus interventions should strengthen
the capabilities of families and communities to
care for them;
CASE MANAGEMENT
Gender-sensitive approach – the ability to
recognize that girls and women’s perceptions,
experiences and interests may be different from
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those of boys and men, arising from an

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understanding of their different social position

and gender roles. The provision of gender
sensitive services to abused children necessarily
includes rights-based approach, i.e. responding
to victims’ peculiar needs at all times and in all
stages, affording them respect, and promoting
dignity as their inherent right; and
CASE MANAGEMENT
Multi-disciplinary approach - recognizes
that children, particularly those in need of
special protection, need access to an array
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of services due to the multi-faceted nature
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of their needs. Many agencies and

professionals need to work together with
mutual responsibilities and joint
accountability for managing different
aspects of helping a child within the
context of the family, community, and
society.
WHO MAY REPORT?
Any person may report, either orally or in writing, a case of child
abuse, neglect, or exploitation. The report may be made to any of
the following:
• Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD),

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• Commission on Human Rights,
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laws
• Local Social Welfare and Development Office (LSWDO) of the

municipality, city, or province,
• Philippine National Police,
• National Bureau of Investigation,
• Other law enforcement agencies,
• Punong barangay or tribal leader,
• Barangay kagawad,
• Any member of the Barangay Council for the Protection of Children
(BCPC), or
• Barangay help desk person or violence against women (VAW) help
desk officer.
WHO MAY REPORT?
The following government workers have the duty
to report all incidents of possible child abuse:
• Teachers and administrators in public schools;

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• Probation officers;
• Government lawyers;
• Law enforcement officers;
• Barangay official; •
Corrections officers, and
•Other government officials and employees
whose work involves dealing with children.
WHO MAY REPORT?
Any person who, acting in good faith, reports a

child abuse case shall be free from any civil or
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abuse
rights
laws
administrative liability. As much as possible, the

persons who report should give their names and
contact details for further contacts, if necessary.
Their protection and anonymity shall be assured.
WHO MAY REPORT?
Any person who reports must provide basic

information on the child victim (name, age,
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abuse
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laws
address or whereabouts of child, the reasons

that child may be at risk or in an abusive or
exploitative situation) and the alleged
perpetrator. However, any relevant information
to suspect that a child is being abused or
exploited shall suffice to initiate any action and
investigation.
WHO MAY REPORT?
The person who reports need not be

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the complainant but has knowledge of
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abuse
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laws
the incident.
The child victim may or may not be

with the person reporting the
incident.
WHO MAY REPORT?
MANDATORY REPORTERS
The following are mandated to make a report, either orally or
in writing, to DSWD/LSWDO within forty-eight (48) hours, the
examination and/or treatment of a child who appears to have
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report
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abuse
rights
suffered from abuse:

laws
• Head of any public or private hospital, medical clinic and

similar institutions, and
• Attending physician and nurse.
2. Failure to report a child abuse case shall be punishable with

a fine of not more than two thousand pesos (P2,000.00) or as
may be determined in the future by a court with jurisdiction.
COMPLEMENTARY ROLES OF
SOCIAL WORKERS
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The DSWD or the LSWDO social worker plays a
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abuse
rights
laws
crucial role in the management of cases of

child abuse. The social worker’s intervention is
required from the beginning and for as long as
may be necessary to monitor the child’s safety
and situation.
SOCIAL WORKERS
Case management shall be the primary responsibility of the

LSWDO social worker. As such, the LSWDO social worker shall
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abuse
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laws
conduct the intake interview, safety and risk assessments,

home visits, collateral interviews; prepare social case study;
convene case conferences; plan the comprehensive healing
and reintegration program; and regularly monitor the safety
and condition of the child victim. As may be necessary and
appropriate, the LSWDO social worker shall also decide the
issue of rescue, protective custody, and petitioning the court
for involuntary commitment.
SOCIAL WORKERS
When a case involves a child victim and a minor perpetrator,

the social worker to whom the child victim was first referred
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report
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abuse
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laws
to shall be the case manager. The other social worker shall be

the case manager of the minor perpetrator. In the absence of
a licensed LSWDO social worker, the SWAD team member or
SWO II shall act as case manager of the child who had the first
contact with the latter. The case management of the other
child shall be endorsed to a social worker of a WCPU or an
NGO operating in the community
OTHER PROTOCOLS
• INTAKE INTERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

BY THE SOCIAL WORKER.
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laws
• RESCUE OF A CHILD VICTIM
• PROTECTIVE CUSTODY AND

INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT
• MEDICAL EVALUATION/MEDICO LEGAL

OTHER PROTOCOLS
• THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER AT

INQUEST / PRELIMINARY
services
INVESTIGATION
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• TRIAL
• ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER BEFORE

AND DURING TRIAL
What is OSEC?
Source: https://i0.wp.com/tnt.abante.com.ph/wp-
content/uploads/2019/07/child-abuse.jpg?w=900&ssl=1
OSEC
The production, for the purpose of online publication, of visual
depictions (e.g. photos, videos, live streaming) of the sexual
abuse or exploitation of a minor for a third party who is not in
the physical presence of the victim, in exchange for
compensation.
Involves Online Activities
Hunting and Fishing

It largely violates
the Rights of the
Child
Survival, Development, Protection and
Participation
Childhood
Period of the human lifespan between
infancy and adolescence, extending from
ages 1-2 to 12-13.
https://www.britannica.com/science/childhood
Why children?
Who are the perpetrators?
We can call them the
trafficker/facilitators and sex
offenders/predators.
3 Types of Predators:
1. Pedophile
2. Preferential Child Sexual Abuser (Preferential
Predator)
3. Situational Child Sexual Abuser
How do we identify an offender or
predator?
There is access.
What do they usually do?
They groom children.

What is Grooming?
They court the child, give gifts, build relationships.

Sextortion
Blackmail in which sexual information or images are used to
extort sexual favors and/or money from the victim.
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WOMEN
AGAINST
VIOLENCE 3
VAW
2020
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LAWS ON VIOLENCE AGAINST
WOMEN
* Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995
* Anti-Rape Act of 1997
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*Rape Victims Assistance Act (1998)
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VAW
*An Act penalizing matching of Filipino

mail order brides (1998)
*Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003
*Anti-Violence Against Women and
Their Children Act of 2004
LAWS ON VIOLENCE AGAINST
WOMEN
• Effective March 27, 2004
• A special law protecting women and their
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VAW
children from all forms of abuse
• Civil action – Temporary & Permanent

Protection Order
• With remedy of Barangay (village)

Protection Order
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• PHYSICAL
cases
VAW
• PSYCHOLOGICAL, EMOTIONAL
• SEXUAL
• ECONOMIC
ELEMENTS
• Relationship, past or present

• Married or not; living in or not
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• Sexual or dating relationship
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VAW
• Including lesbian relationships

• With common child
• Falling under Sec. 5 (punishable acts)
KINDS OF PROTECTION ORDER
• Barangay Protecton Order – 15 days; not extendible
• Temporary Protection Order – 30 days + (shall be
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renewed by court)
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VAW
• Permanent Protection Order

PROBLEMS, GAPS, LESSONS:
• The law does not provide for

appropriations, funding for training of
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VAW
implementers and support services for

the woman
• Corruption in the judiciary, prosecution
service
• Low level of gender sensitivity among
prosecutors
PROBLEMS AND LESSONS:
• Ignorance of the law by police officers who are not

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in the women’s and children’s desks
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VAW
• Lack of quality gender sensitivity seminars for judges

who are not family court judges, and prosecutors
• Misuse of the laws and rules by lawyers, e.g.
retaliation suits against women who have protection
orders
PROBLEMS AND LESSONS:
• Ignorance of the law by police officers who are not

services
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history
in the women’s and children’s desks
about
cases
VAW
• Lack of quality gender sensitivity seminars for judges

who are not family court judges, and prosecutors
• Misuse of the laws and rules by lawyers, e.g.
retaliation suits against women who have protection
orders
ROLES OF SOCIAL WORKERS AT THIS
TIME OF PANDEMIC:
• ensuring that the most vulnerable are included in planning
and response.
• organizing communities to ensure that essentials such as
food and clean water are available.
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• advocating within social services and in policy
cases
VAW
environments that services adapt, remain open and pro-

active in supporting communities and vulnerable
populations.
• Facilitating physical distancing and social solidarity.
• As a profession, advocating for the advancement and
strengthening of health and social services as an essential
protection against the virus, inequality and the consequent
social and economic challenges.
DAGHANG
SALAMAT!!!
rights
services
agencies
advocate
hope
empower

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SOCIAL ISSUES

What is social problem?

What is social issue?

* A social issue inflicts consequences on a section of society.

* The responsibility of making an issue social lies on the society at

Presidential Order 922

Declaring a State of Public Health

Recovery – the restoration

Special Protection of Children

Against Abuse, Exploitation

and their partners, from reporting or

Abused – physical, sexual, emotional, and

Neglected – abandoned and those deliberately

Exploited – commercial sexual exploitation

Case management is a procedure to plan, seek, and

monitor services from different social agencies and

staff on behalf of a client. Usually, one agency takes

Holistic care - to ensure full or optimum

participation of the child in all processes;

Family and community-based approaches -

those of boys and men, arising from an

understanding of their different social position

of services due to the multi-faceted nature

of their needs. Many agencies and

• Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD),

• Commission on Human Rights,

• Local Social Welfare and Development Office (LSWDO) of the

• Teachers and administrators in public schools;

Any person who, acting in good faith, reports a

administrative liability. As much as possible, the

Any person who reports must provide basic

address or whereabouts of child, the reasons

The person who reports need not be

the complainant but has knowledge of

The child victim may or may not be

suffered from abuse:

• Head of any public or private hospital, medical clinic and

• Attending physician and nurse.

2. Failure to report a child abuse case shall be punishable with

The DSWD or the LSWDO social worker plays a

crucial role in the management of cases of

Case management shall be the primary responsibility of the

conduct the intake interview, safety and risk assessments,

When a case involves a child victim and a minor perpetrator,

to shall be the case manager. The other social worker shall be

• INTAKE INTERVIEW AND ASSESSMENT

• RESCUE OF A CHILD VICTIM

• PROTECTIVE CUSTODY AND

• MEDICAL EVALUATION/MEDICO LEGAL

• THE ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER AT

• ROLE OF SOCIAL WORKER BEFORE

Hunting and Fishing

They groom children.

They court the child, give gifts, build relationships.

*An Act penalizing matching of Filipino

children from all forms of abuse

• Civil action – Temporary & Permanent