THEME 3 - PASSIVE VOICE – THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG

I. Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động

Active: Chủ động S+V+O

Passive: Bị động S + be* + P.P + by + O

(* be chia theo thì của V)
Ex: They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived.
→ All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.
II. Các thì của động từ trong tiếng Anh ở dạng bị động

TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE

Simple Present S + V1-s/es S + am / is / are + PP
Present continuous S + am / is / are + V-ing S + am / is / are + being + PP
Simple Past S + V-ed /V2 S + was / were + PP
Past continuous S + was / were + V-ing S + was / were + being + PP
Present Perfect S + have / has + PP S + have / has + been + PP
Past Perfect S + had + PP S + had + been + PP
Simple Future S + will + V1 S + will + be + PP
Modal verbs can can
may may
must must
S + have to + V1 S + have to + be + V3
should should
used to used to
be going to be going to

Ex:
1. They had prepared a party before we came.
A party had been prepared before we came.
2. Sue is going to write the book.
The book is going to be written by Sue.
NOTES: LƯU Ý:
1. Khi chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động là: people, I, we, you, they, someone, somebody, everyone,
everybody, anybody…khi đổi sang bị động thường được bỏ đi
Ex: They built this bridge last year.
 This bridge was built last year (by them)
2. Khi trong câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ thì dùng tân ngữ nào làm chủ ngữ cũng được, tuy nhiên, tân
ngữ chỉ người được sử dụng nhiều hơn.
Ex: My mother bought me a new shirt.
 I was bought a new shirt by my mother.
 A new shirt was bought for me by my mother.
3. Vị trí của trạng từ.
Trạng từ chỉ thời gian có thể đặt ở đầu câu hoặc sau by + O
Ex: Jenny lent him money yesterday.
 He was lent money by Jenny yesterday.
 Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn được đặt trước by + O
Ex: Mary bought the gift from that shop.
 THEME 3 - PASSIVE VOICE – THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
 The gift was bought from that shop by Mary.
III. MỘT SỐ DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG ĐẶC BIỆT:
1. Causative forms - Thể cầu khiến: HAVE/ GET
VERBS KINDS FORMS
Active S + have + sb + do sth
have/ get S + get + sb + to do sth
Passive S + have/ get + sth + P2
1. I had him repair my bicycle yesterday.
I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.
2. I get her to make some coffee.
I get some coffee made.
2. NEED
Active: sb + need to do sth  Passive: sth + need + doing
to be + P2
Ex: He needs you to believe his ability.
 He needs to be believed his ability.
Ex: They need to repaint the house.
 The house needs repainting = The house needs to be repainted.
3. Verbs of opinion (Động từ chỉ ý kiến): say, think, believe, know, report, consider, expect, feel, hope,
know, understand…
KINDS FORMS
Active S1 + VS1 + that + S2 + VS2

It + be + P2 + that + S2 + VS2
Passive

S2 + be + P2 + to V(S2) (V1, V2: same tenses)

to have P2 (V1, V2: different tenses)
Same tenses: V1, V2: HTĐ/ V1,V2: QKĐ,
V1: HTĐ – V2: TLĐ, V1: HTĐ – V2: HTTD (to be + Ving)
Different tenses: V1: HTĐ – V2: QKĐ/ V1: HTĐ – V2: HTHT,
V1: QKĐ – V2: QKHT
Ex. People say that he is a famous doctor.
It is said that he is a famous doctor.
He is said to be a famous doctor.
People believe that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
It is believed that he drove through the town at 90 km an hour.
He is believed to have driven through the town at 90 km an hour.
EXERCISES
I. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
1. These T-shirts and jeans __________ in the US in 1900.
A. have made B. made C. were made D. make
2. The building is very dangerous. It __________ down next week.
A. knocked B. will knock C. will be knocked D. was knocked
3. The room looks nice. It __________
A. was cleaning B. has just been cleaned C. will be cleaned D. is cleaning
4. We ………… each other for 10 years.
 THEME 3 - PASSIVE VOICE – THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known
5. Our twenty houses __________ when the fire engine __________
A. had burnt up / arrived B. burnt up / had arrived
C. had been burnt up / arrived D. will have burnt / arrives
6. After I __________ the grass, it __________ to rain.
A. have watered / will begin B. water / began
C. had watered / began D. had watered / will have begun
7. Next week when there __________ a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher.
A. is being B. is C. will be D. will have been
8. English is __________ all over the world.
A. spoken B. speak C. speaks D. to speak
9. Where will these coconut trees __________?
A. be planted B. planted C. plant D. be planting
10. Before Jane won the lottery, she __________ any kind of contest.
A. hasn’t entered B. doesn’t enter C. wasn’t entering D. hadn’t entered
11. My parents __________ tomorrow to stay with me for a few days.
A. come B. will have come C. are coming D. came
12. She left home in 1993 and __________ since then.
A. hasn’t seen B. didn’t see C. hasn’t been seen D. wasn’t seen
13.__________ your house painted last year?
A. Had B. Did C. Was D. Have
14. What __________ you __________ at 8 o’clock last night?
A. did/ do B. have/ done C. were/ doing D. had/ done
15. - “We are having a party at the weekend.” -“Great! Who _________?”
A. will being invited B. Is going to invite
C. is going to be invited D. will invite
16. This is the fifth time you __________ the same question.
A. ask B. asked C. are asking D. have asked
17. This church was said __________ in the 19 century.
th

A. to build B. to be built C. to have been built D. being built

18. In England, the academic year __________ into three terms. Each term __________ by a one-week
break.
A. is divided / separated B. divided / is separated C. is divided / is separated D. divided / separated
19. Gold __________ in California in the 19th century.
A. was discovered B. was discover C. has been discovered D. they discovered
20. I am going to have my car __________
A. service B. to be serviced C. serviced D. servicing
II. Change the following sentences into the passive voice.
1. About thirty million people are watching this live show now.
→ _This liveshow is being watched by about thirty million people now
2. They were carrying the injured player off the field at that time.
→ _The injured player was being carried off the field at that time
3. The police haven’t found the murderer yet.
→ The murderer haven’t been found by the police yet
4. They had wrapped the package carefully before they posted it.
→ The package had been wrapped carefully before they posted it
5. The teacher won’t correct the exercises tomorrow.
→ The exercises won’t be corrected by the teacher tomorrow
 THEME 3 - PASSIVE VOICE – THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
6. Nobody has used this room for ages.
→ This room hasn’t been used for ages
7. The police found the robber in the forest yesterday.
→ The robber was found in the forest by the police yesterday
8. You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the safe place.
→ Dangerous chemicals have to be kept in the safe place
9. They ought to knock down the old building.
→ The old building ought to be knocked down
10. He can mend all chairs for you now.
→ All chairs can be mended for you now
11. You should open the wine 3 hours before you use it.
→ The wine should be opened 3 hours before you use it
12. He had to finish his work on time.
→ His work had to be finished on time
13. They must widen the road to school this year.
→ The road to school must be widen this year
14. You need to type that report today.
→ that report need to be typed today
15. He doesn’t need to paint the house.
→ The house doesn’t need to be painted
16. He need repair the bike.
→ The bike need be repaired
17. You needn’t water the flowers.
→ The flowers needn’t be watered.
18. Alice had a mechanic repair her car.
→ Alice had her car repaired by a mechanic
19. They had the typist type all their letters.
→ They had all their letters typed by the typist
20. Ellen got Marvin to type her paper.
→ Ellen got her paper typed by Marvin
21. They need to clean the windows
→ they need the windows cleaned
22. He had the neighbor mend the chair.
→ He had the chair mended by the neighbor
23. You needn't do all the homework.
→ all the homework needn’t to be done
24. They say that you are the best architect in this city.
→ It is said that ….
 you are said to be the best architect in this city.
25. She reported that the flowers were killed by frost.
→ The flowers were reported to be kill by frost
26. Some people informed me that the director was taking a business trip to England.
→ The director was informed to be take a business trip to England
27. That officer announces that the meeting will be delayed until next week.
→ The meeting is announced to be delay by that officer annouces until next week
28. He discovers that this cotton was grown in Egypt.
→ This cotton is discovered to have grown in Egypt
29. He thinks that we have come to the city center early.
→ we are thought to be come to the city center early
30. They promised that the performance had started on time.
 THEME 3 - PASSIVE VOICE – THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
→ The performance was promised to have started on time