D.

Perhitungan Balok Komposit Tengah Jembatan Rangka

Balok Diagonal

Lantai Kendaraan Lantai Kendaraan

ACWC tebal 5 cm ACWC tebal 5 cm
Marka Marka H

Trotoar Trotoar

C
L
Marka

Gelagar Memanjang

b1 b1 b1 b1
Balok Melintang Utama
Bearing Pad

Data :
b1 : Jarak balok = 1.40 m
L : Panjang total jembatan = 55.00 m
l : Jarak Titik Simpul = 5.50 m
Mutu baja BJ 41
Fy = 250.00 Mpa
Fu = 410.00 Mpa
Tebal pelat = 20.00 cm

Spesific Gravity
Berat jenis beton bertulang wc = 2,400.00 Kg/m3
Berat jenis aspal wa = 2,245.00 Kg/m3
Berat jenis air ww = 1,000.00 Kg/m3
Berat jenis baja ws = 7,850.00 Kg/m3

Pembebanan
1. Beban mati (QD) beban tiap m diluar berat profil
a. Berat Sendiri (MS)
Faktor beban ultimit guMS = 1.30 (SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 7.2)
Ditinjau selebar b = 1.40 m
Tebal slab lantai jembatan h = 0.20 m
Berat beton bertulang Wc = 2,400.00 Kg/m3
QMS = b * h * Wc * guMS = 873.60 Kg/m
 b. Berat Mati Tambahan (MA)
Faktor beban ultimit guMA = 2.00 (SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 7.3)
Ditinjau selebar b = 1.40 m
Tebal lapisan aspal + overlay ta = 0.05 m
Berat jenis aspal wa = 2,245.00 Kg/m3
Tebal genangan air hujan th = 0.03 m
Berat jenis air ww = 1,000.00 Kg/m3
Berat lapisan aspal + Overlay wa*ta*b = 157.15 Kg/m
Berat air hujan ww*th*b = 42.00 Kg/m
QMA = ((wa* ta) + (ww * th) ) * guMA = 398.30 Kg/m

Total beban mati QD = QMS + QMA = 1,271.90 Kg/m

2. Beban hidup (QL)

a. Beban terbagi rata (BTR) SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 8.3.1
Jika L  30 m → q = 9.00 kPa = 917.74 Kg/m2

15
Jika L > 30 m → q = 9 ( 0.5 + ) kPa = 6.95
L

Maka :
b= 1.40 m
L= 55.00 m > 30.00 m
q= 6.95 kPa = 709.17 Kg/m2
guTD = 2.00 (SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 8.3.1 tabel 12)
Q = q * guTD = 1,418.33 Kg/m = 13.91 kN/m
ql = 13.91 - [(11/60) x (L-30)]
= 13.91 - [(11/60) x (55-30)]
= 9.326 kN/m
= 950.96 Kg/m

b. Beban garis terpusat (BGT) SNI 1725:2016 Ps 8.3.1

b= 1.40 m
P= 49.00 kN/m
Faktor beban dinamis (FBD) = 40% (SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 8.6 gambar 28)
g u
TD = 2.00 (SNI 1725:2016 Ps. 8.3.1 tabel 12)
Pl1 = (1+FBD)* P * g u
TD = 137.20 kN
= 13,990.51 Kg
 Pl = (b1/2.75) x P
1.40
= x 137.20
2.75

= 69.85 kN
= 7,122.44 Kg

Momen maksimum
Momen beban mati (QD)
Momen akibat berat sendiri dan berat mati tambahan
2
1/8 . Q . L2 = 1/8 x 1,271.90 x 5.50
= 4,809.37 Kgm

Momen beban hidup (QL)

Momen akibat BTR
2
1/8 . Q . L2 = 1/8 x 950.96 x 5.50
= 3,595.83 Kgm

Momen akibat BGT

1/4 . P . L = 1/4 x 7,122.44 x 5.50
= 9,793.35 Kgm

Momen maksimal
Mmaks = 18,198.55 Kgm
= 178,466,846.38 Nmm

Pendekatan profil
1.5Mmaks 1.5 x 178466846.38
S= = = 1,070,801.08 mm3
Fy 250.00
= 1,070.80 cm3

Dipakai profil WF 350 x 175 x 6 x 9

Sx = 641.00 cm3 = 641,000.00 mm3
Sy = 91.00 cm3 = 91,000.00 mm3
rx = 14.50 cm = 145.00 mm
ry = 3.88 cm = 38.80 mm
52.68 cm 2 5,268.00 mm2
A= =
Ix = 11,100.00 cm4 = 111,000,000.00 mm4
792.00 cm 4 7,920,000.00 mm4
Iy = =
Berat = 41.40 kg/m = 0.414 kn/m

Es = 200,000.00 Mpa
Fc' = 35.00 Mpa
 Ec = 27,805.57 Mpa

Es 200,000.00
n= = = 7.193
Ec 27,805.57

a. Perhitungan garis netral elastis

Lebar efektif
be = 1/4 L = 1/4 x 5.5 = 1.375 m = 1,375.00 mm
be = b1 = 1.400 m = 1,400.00 mm
Diambil yang terkecil = 1.375 m = 1,375.00 mm

Letak garis netral elastis

1). Statis momen terhadap sisi atas

be
yc Sisi atas
Tc
ys

Hwf

be = Lebar efektif = 1,375.00 mm

Tc = Tebal pelat = 200.00 mm
Hwf = Tinggi profil WF = 350.00 mm
yc = Garis netral beton (tc/2) = 100.00 mm
ys = Garis netral baja (Hwf/2) + tc = 375.00 mm
Ac = Luas beton efektif (be x tc) = 275,000.00 mm2
Ac.ek = Luas beton ekivalen (Ac/n) = 38,232.67 mm2
ya = Garis netral komposit
As . Ys + Ac.ek . Yc
=
(As + Ac.ek)
5268 x 375 + 38232.67 x 100
= = 133.303 mm
(5268 + 38232.67)
 ya = 133.303 mm < Tc = 200.00 mm (garis netral berada di beton)
yc = Tc - ya = 66.697 mm

100.00
133.303
200.00
66.697
375.00

350.00

2). Statis momen terhadap netral beton

be
dc
Tc

dt
ds
Hwf

be = Lebar efektif = 1,375.00 mm

Tc = Tebal pelat = 200.00 mm
Hwf = Tinggi profil WF = 350.00 mm
yc = Garis netral beton (tc/2) = 100.00 mm
dt = Garis netral baja (Hwf/2) + yc = 275.00 mm
Ac = Luas beton efektif (be x tc) = 275,000.00 mm2
Ac.ek = Luas beton ekivalen (Ac/n) = 38,232.67 mm2
dc = Garis netral komposit
As . dt
=
(As + Ac.ek)
5268 x 275
= = 33.30 mm
(5268 + 38232.67)

ds = (dt - dc) = 241.70 mm

 Kontrol letak garis netral
- Dari sisi atas ya = 133.303 mm
- Dari sisi bawah yb = 350.00 + 200.00 - 133.30 = 416.70 mm

- Kontrol dari sisi atas

ya = dc + 100
133.303 = 33.30 + 100.00
133.303 = 133.303

- Kontrol dari sisi atas

yb = ds + 175
416.697 = 241.70 + 175.00
416.697 = 416.697

Momen inersia elastis

1375.00
33.30
200.00

275.00

241.70
350.00

2 Ic + Ac (dc)2
I = Is + As + (ds) +
n
3
Ic = 1/12 . be . (tc)3 = 1/12 x 1375 x 200 = 916,666,666.67
2
Ic + Ac (dc)2 916,666,666.67 + 275,000.00 x 33.30
=
n 7.193
= 169,845,522.36

Ic + Ac (dc)2
I = Is + As x (ds)2 +
n
2
= 111,000,000.00 + 5,268.00 x 241.70 + 169,845,522.36
= 588,588,751.36 mm4
 Momen maksimum balok tengah
Momen maksimum
Mmaks = 18,198.55 Kgm
= 178,466,846.38 Nmm

Momen tambahan beban sendiri profil WF

Beban WF = 41.40 Kg/m
2
1/8 . Q . L2 = 1/8 x 41.40 x 5.50
= 156.54 Kgm
= 1,535,169.77 Nmm

Total Momen maksimum

Mmaks = 18,355.10 Kgm
= 180,002,016.14 Nmm

Besar tegangan elastis pada beton bagian atas dan bawah

Mmaks . Yc atas 180,002,016.14 x 133.303
Fc atas = - = -
n.I 7.193 x 588,588,751.36

= - 5.668 Mpa

Mmaks . Yc bawah 180,002,016.14 x 66.697

Fc bawah = + = +
n.I 7.193 x 588,588,751.36

= 2.836 Mpa

Besar tegangan elastis pada baja bagian atas dan bawah

Mmaks . Ys atas 180,002,016.14 x 66.697
Fs atas = + = +
I 588,588,751.36

= + 20.397 Mpa

Mmaks . Ys bawah 180,002,016.14 x 416.697

Fs bawah = + = +
I 588,588,751.36

= + 127.434 Mpa

Kontrol
Fy 250.00
= = 166.667 Mpa
1.5 1.5

Fy
> Fs bawah (Ok)
1.5
Diagram tegangan elastis

fs atas
fc atas
- fc bawah
Garis netral komposit

fs bawah

Lendutan
Akibat beban merata
5 Q . L4
D= x
384 E . Ikomposit

- Beban mati (QD)

QD = 1,271.90 Kg/m
= 12.47 N/mm
4
5 12.47 x 5,500.00
D= x
384 200,000.00 x 588,588,751.36

= 1.262 mm

- Beban hidup (QL)

Beban terbagi rata (BTR)
Q= 950.96 Kg/m
= 9.33 N/mm
4
5 9.33 x 5,500.00
D= x
384 200,000.00 x 588,588,751.36

= 0.944 mm

Akibat beban terpusat

1 P . L3
D= x
48 E . Ikomposit
 - Beban hidup (QL)
Beban garis terpusat (BGT)
P= 7,122.44 Kg
= 69,847.27 N
4
1 69,847.27 x 5,500.00
D= x
48 200,000.00 x 588,588,751.36

= 2.057 mm

Lendutan total
Akibat beban merata
- Beban mati = 1.262 mm
- Beban hidup = 0.944 mm

Akibat beban terpusat

- Beban hidup
Beban garis terpusat (BGT) = 2.057 mm

Lendutan total
Akibat beban merata + beban terpusat = 4.263 mm

5,500.00
D ijin = = 15.278 mm
360

D= 4.263 mm < D ijin = 15.278 mm (Ok)

b. Perhitungan garis netral plastis

1,375.00

200.00

350.00

Periksa penampang
h 350.00 1,680 1,680
= = 58.33 = = 106.25
tw 6.00 fy 
 h 1,680
< (Penampang Kompak)
tw fy

Letak garis netral plastis dari sisi atas

As . Fy 5268 x 250
a= = = 32.20 mm
0.85 . Fc . be 0.85 x 35 x 1375

Tebal pelat beton = 200.00 mm (Garis netral plastis terletak dibeton)

Perhitungan tegangan plastis

y = 1/2 (Hwf + Tc - a)
= 1/2 (350 + 200 - 32.196) = 258.902 mm
d = 1/2Hwf + Tc - 1/2a
= 1/2 x 350 + 200 - 1/2 x 32.196 = 358.90 mm

Cc = 0.85 x fc' x a x be
= 0.85 x 35 x 32.196 x 1375 = 1,317,000.00 N

Ts = (As x Fy)
= 5268 x 250
= 1,317,000.00 N

be 0.85 fc'
Cc Garis netral beton
Tc
Garis netral komposit
d

Hwf Ts Garis netral baja

Fy

Perhitungan kuat lentur

Mn = Cc x d1
= 1317000 x 358.902
= 472,674,217.72 Nmm

Mn = Ts x d1
= 1,317,000.00 x 358.90 = 472,674,217.72 Nmm
Momen ultimate
QD = 1,313.30 Kg/m (termasuk beban sendiri profil WF)
QL = 950.96 Kg/m
PL = 7,122.44 Kg (Beban garis terpusat + Beban truk)

Qu = 1.2D + 1.6L = 3,097.50 Kg/m

Pu = 1.6L = 11,395.90 Kg/m

Momen maksimum balok tengah

Mu = 1/8 . Qu . L2 + 1/4 . Pu . L
Mu = 1/8 x 3097.5 x 5.5^2 + 1/4 x 11395.9 x 5.5
= 11,712.42 + 15,669.37
= 27,381.79 Kgm
= 268,523,627.24 Nmm

Kontrol
Mu = 268,523,627.24 Nmm
fMn = 0.90 x 472,674,217.72 = 425,406,795.95 Nmm

Mu < fMn (Ok)