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NTERNATIONAL
I OWING
P1999-12
Volume I

22nd
INTERNA TIONAL
TOWING TANK
CONFERENCE

Proceedings
Volume I

Seoul, Korea & Shanghai, China

September 5-11, 1999

Korean Towing Tank Conference Chinese Towing Tank Conference

The Society of Naval Architects The Chinese Society of Naval
of Korea Architects and Marine Engineers
 Oein universiiy oi iBcnnmugy
Ship Hydromechanics Laboratory
Library
Mekelweg 2 - 2628 CO Delft
The Netherlands
NTERNATIONAL Phone: 31 15 786373 - Fax: 31 15 78183G

I OWING

22nd
INTERNATIONAL
TOWING TANK
CONFERENCE

Proceedings
Volume I

Seoul, Korea & Shanghai, China

September 5-11, 1999

Korean Towing Tank Conference Chinese Towing Tank Conference

The Society of Naval Architects The Chinese Society of Naval
of Korea Architects and Marine Engineers
 WmtNATIONAL

22nd
INTERNATIONAL
TOWING TANK
CONFERENCE

Organizing Committee

Prof. Cheung M. Lee(Chair), Pohang University of Science & Technology

Prof. Hong Cui Shen(Vice Chair), China Ship Scientific Research Center
Dr. Seung-Il Yang(Secretary), Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering
Prof. Hang Shoon Choi, Seoul National University
Dr. Jin-Tae Lee, Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering
Prof. Seung Hee Lee, Inha University
Dr. Keh-Sik Min, Hyundai Maritime Research Institute
Prof. Key Pyo Rhee, Seoul National University
Prof. Shi-Tang Dong, China Ship Scientific Research Center
Prof. Guo-Qiang Wang, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University
Prof. Yan-Yiug Wang, Dalian University of Technology
Prof. Xiu-Heng Wu, Wuhan Transportation University

Sponsors

Korea Research Foundation

Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering
The Society of Naval Architects of Korea
The Chinese Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.

Editor

Dr. Seung-Il Yang

Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering
 PREFACE
On behalf of Chinese Towing Tank Conference and Korean Towing Tank Conference,
I take great pleasure in welcoming the 22nd hitemational Towing Tank Conference to
Seoul and Shanghai. During the last three years, the members of the technical
committees, Advisory Coimcil, and Executive Committee have all contributed their
precious time and efforts in carrying out the assigned tasks, thus raising the state of the
arts in the marine hydrodynamic technology. It would be very difficuh to find an
international professional organization such as ITTC which has been run with
harmoneous cooperations among the member organizations for as long as sixty six
years.

The 22nd ITTC witnessed extensive activites of the technical committees. All
together seventeen committees, five more than in the previous conference, are reporting
their accomplishments of the past three years at this meeting. Significant technical
achievements are made in the wide areas of marine hydrodynamics which are of
fimdamental and current interest to the tankery business. The emphasis on the
uncertainty analyses for experimental and numerical results are intensified and, for the
first time, a review of the qualificatins of one half of the Advisory Council member
organizations was carried out, and a manual of ITTC recommended procedures is
published. To keep in pace with the information era, the ITTC home page was created
which describes in detail the objectives, functions and activities of the ITTC. A l l of
these efforts are oriened toward strengthening the quality of the ITTC.

As the demand for efficient, safe and economic marine transportations increases,
the challenge to shipbuilding industry becomes more stringent. Thus, ITTC has to
function as a coordinating body to harness all the advanced technical knowledges and
informations to meet the challenges. To advance the technologies in design and
prediction of performance of marine vehicles and structures and therefore to offer better
technical services to the marine industry, we have laid out the tasks to be performed by
the technical committees of the 23rd ITTC. I am confident that the Committees,
following the past tradition, will perform their tasks satisfactorily.

As was the case for the 21st Conference, the venue for the 22nd Conference is not one.
One half of the conference will be held in Seoul and the rest of the half will be in
Shanghai. Although, the time to be spent for transition from Seoul to Shanghai may
seem tedious, I hope it will offer worthwhile experiences to the participants from the
Occident in learning more about the oriental culture and it may help all of us to
understand reality that we all have to live together as one global community.

Choung M . Lee
Chairman, Executive Committee, 22nd ITTC
11

Table of Contents
Proceedings of the iT^ ITTC
Volume I

Preface *

Table of Contents "

Committees of the 22nd I T T C 1

Report of the Advisory Council ^

1. Membership and Meetings • 5
2. Activities and Recommendations of the Advisory Council 5
3. Officers for the 23rd ITTC Advisory Council 7

Report of the Executive Committee 9

1. Introduction "
2. Obituaries ^
3. Committee Membership • 14
4. Committee Meetings 14
5. Committee Decisions 1^

Report of the Propulsion Committee 17

1. General 1'
2. Review the State of the Art, Comment on the Potential Impact of New
Developments on ITTC, and Identify the Need for Research and Development in
the Areas of Propulsors, Cavitation and Powering Performance. Monitor and
Follow the Development of New Experimental Techniques and Extropolation
Methods
3. Review the ITTC Recommended Procedures, Benchmark Data, and Test Cases
for Validation and Uncertainty Analysis and Update As Required. Pass the
Information to the Quality Systems Group for Publication in 1999 24
4. Identify the Requirements for New Procedures, Benchmark Data, Validation,
Uncertainty Analysis and Stimulate the Necessary Research for Their
Preparation
5. Prepare an Up-to-date Bibliography of Relevant Technical Papers and Reports...
6 Review the Development of Design and Analysis Methods for Propulsors with
Special Emphasis on the Modelling of Vortex Wake. The Committee should
Consider Repeating the 18th ITTC Comparative Exercise 31
7. Review-of Task 5 RANS/PANEL Method Workshop 39
 8.
Review Research on the Preformance of Propellers in Various Conditions such
as for Ships When Tuming, Accelerating, Decelerating, Backing, or Operating in
Waves 4g
9. Review Availability LDV and PIV Data for Propulsors 53
10. Review the Correlation of Liquid Quality (Liquid Tension and Nuclei
Distribution) with Cavitation Inception and the Stability of Cavitation Patterns.
Cavitation Experimental Techniques should be Reviewed to Predict Cavitation
Behavior more accurately. The Effects of Turbulence and Propeller Blade
Roughess should be Taken into Account 56
11. General Technical Conclusions 59
12. Recommendations to the Conference 60
13. Recommendations for Fumre Work 60
14. References gj

Report of the Manoeuvring Committee 71

1. General yj
2. Special Groups 72
3. Hydrodynamic Forces 73
4. Simulation of Dynamics 7g
5. Scale Effects and Validation 35
6. Ship Operation and Safety
7. Model Test Techniques 92
8. ESSO OSAKA Benchmark Study . ' . 1 oo
9. Technical Conclusions 205
10. Recommendations to the Conference 106
11. Recommendations for Future Work 107
References JQ^

Report of the Loads and Responses Committee 119

1. General
2. Developments in Experimental Techniques 120
3. ITTC Recommended Procedures 125
4. Benchmark Experimental Data 'AA^[^[''[[[A^[133
5. Multi-Directional Wave Spectra j 33
6. Water Impact
7. Hydroelastic Problems in Ocean Engineering 143
8. Forces Which Determine the Low Frequency Motions of Moored V e s s e l s 1 4 8
9. Added Resistance j^,^
10. Trends in the Numerical Prediction of Ship Motions 154
11. Wind Loads
12. Conclusions and Recommendations y . . " . ! 1 5 6
13. References ,
Ijo
Report of the Resistance Committee
1. Introduction j.^^
2. Resistance and Flow Physics 174
iv

3. Trends in Experimental Techniques 181

4. Trends in Computational Fluid Dynamics 188
5. Uncertainty Analysis for Experimental Fluid Dynamics 206
6. Uncertainty Analysis for Computational Fluid Dynamics 213
7. Prognosis for Towing-Tank Work 222
8. Recommendation 228
9. References 228

Report of the Symbol and Terminology Group 247

1. General 247
2. Work of the Group 248
3. Recommendations to the 22nd Conference 251
4. Appendices 252

Report of the Quality Systems Group 259

1. General 259
2. Guidance on the Steps Which must be Followed and Issued to be Addressed by
ITTC Member Organizations to Achieve ISO 9001 Certification 259
3. ITTC Quality Systems Manual 265
4. Conclusions 271
Recommendations to the Conference 271
Recommendations for Future Work 271

Appendices

1. The Rules of the Organization 273

1. Aims 273
2. Activities 273
3. Membership 273
4. Organisation 273
5. Groups 276
6. Meetings 276
7. Composition of Executive Committee based on Geographic Areas 276
8. List of Geographic Areas 277
9. General Additional Guidelines for the Operation of the ITTC 277

2. New Technical Committee Structure 278

1. Structure of the Technical Committees 278
2. Terms of Reference of General and Specialist Committees 278
3. Mechanism for Identifying New Specialist Technical Committees 279
4. Tasks of Specialist Committee of 23"" ITTC 279
3. Index of I T T C Documents 285
1. ITTC Organisation 285
2. Proceedings 285
3. ITTC Publications 288
4. ITTC Addresses 289
5. ITTC Homepage 289

4. Member Organisations 291

5. Delegates invited to the 21st I T T C 299

6. Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Committee and Working Group

Reports 306
1. Overview 306
2. Materials 306
3. Page Geometry 307
4. Text 307
5. Mathematics 308
6. Graphic material 308
7. References 309