1.

INTRODUCTION
o Light is the soul of architecture design.
o Light allows us to see, to know where we are and what around us.
o Beyond exposing things to view and feel, light models those objects to enhance
visual and to help us define the physical world.
o Nothing would be visible without light, light also makes it possible to express and
show to the mind's eye things that eludes the physical one.
o To redefine the relationships of people with the environment and with themselves. 
It is divided into natural light and artificial light
o Natural light is a gift of nature.
o Civilized man learns to use artificial light sources which free him from total
dependence on daylight.
o Artificial light is seeing both during the day as well as after dark.

2. RELATION BETWEEN LIGHT SPACE AND HUMAN

o Light is fundamental for space and essential for human well-being and it is the
success of any building.
o Light quality affects human behaviour, health, comfort and mood.
o "Space and light and order. Those are the things that men need just as much as they
need bread or a place to sleep“ -Le Corbusier, August27,1965
o Light, space and human they effect and work with each other.
o Space needs light to illuminate; light needs space to receive it, light within the space
change human experience.

3.  NATURAL LIGHT AND ARCHITECTURE

o Natural light keeps changing through times.
o However, architects cannot control natural light, which from morning to night, day
after day changes.
o Its existence gives life to space, modeling the spatial sensibility.
o Natural light for the space, like the air for life, these two have symbiotic relationship.
o Natural light into interior design have many positive effects, including the
considerable financial savings in energy.
o Natural light is considered a beneficial design for many reasons: human health,
comfort and satisfaction, energy conservation, view.

4. LIGHTNING
 o Lighting within the indoor environment can be considered to have three basic
purposes:
o To enable the occupants to work and move about in safety.
o To enable tasks to be performed.
o To make the interior look pleasant.
o There are two principle ways in which a building can be lit.- Naturally - by daylight
received from the sky. Artificially - by electric lamps or other artificial light sources.
Natural lightning Artificial lightning

5. NATURAL LIGHTNING
o Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or
aesthetic effect.
o Lighting includes the use of both artificial light as well as natural illumination
by capturing daylight.
o Daylight as two distinct sources of light:
o Sunlight – That part of solar radiation that reaches the earth’s surface as
parallel rays after selective attenuation by the atmosphere.
o Skylight – That part of solar radiation that reaches the earth’s surface as a
result of scattering in the atmosphere.
o Sunlight and skylight may therefore be considered as the direct and diffuse
o components of daylight. Skylight Sunlight

6. ARTIFICIAL LIGHTNING
o It is made by human. It is very useful when lack of natural light. Types of Artificial
lighting-
o General or Ambient lighting
o Accent or Directional lighting
o Traditional or Decorative lighting
o Task lighting Source of Artificial Light
o Incandescent bulbs
o Halogen bulbs
o Fluorescent bulbs
o Led
 General Lightning – general, or ambient lightning illuminates an entire space for
visibility and safety
 Task Lightning- task light illuminates smaller areas where more intense light is
needed. It should be three times as bright as general lightning.
 Accent Lightning- accent lightning adds brilliant shimmer to make your precious
objects, paintings, sculptures and outstandings architectural features stand out.
 Reccessed Lightning recessed light is installed into a hollow opening in ceiling.
 Wall Sconces sconce lightning is a beautiful decorative option that can add color
and style to a room.
 Surface Light
o Used in ceiling. Ceiling Lights highlights the entire room putting lot of
style and Glamour. They enhance the brightness and beauty of the
room. They are widely used in Houses, Offices, restaurants and
showrooms. SURFACE
 Track Lightning track lightning is nice over a bookshelf.
  Track Light (MARKET SURVEY) Used in showrooms for highlighting
  Painting Light
o Used for high lightning the painting.
  Display Lights Available in 1W.
 Spot Light (Market Survey)
Used for high lightning. Available in warm white and white. Warm white is mostly
used as it gives more shining.
 Led Picture Spot Light
o Available in different shape varieties to fulfill varied purposes.
o Can be used both in ceilings as well as in walls.
o Available in different Power consumption varieties.
o Base material used is Aluminum.
  Reading Light
 Used to focus reading area.
 It can be screwed to wall or can be placed on table.
  Taiwan Lights Are Leds. The light is present inside the frame, therefore the light
does not pierce the eyes and are soothing and calm. They are used on the walls and
ceiling. It adds a soft glimmer of diffused light when light passes through the frossed
glass or acrylic material .They are available in different variants, for ease to choose
from and according to different home requirements. 2 shapes are the dominant ones.
 Rectangular and circular with slight tweaking so that there are different flavors to the
same product.
 False Ceiling
They are of two types
 Down lighters
 Panel light – Available in white, natural white and warm white colors.
  Color Changeable Led Down Light
o 3 in 1 lamp color (Cool White/Day Light/Warm White)
o Colors change with the clicking of every switch
o Available in 3 different power consumption varieties - 3W, 6W and 10W
o A die casting zinc body for better longevity and

7.  SOURCE OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTNING

  Incandescent Light
o Contains nitrogen or argon gas
o Tungsten filament with lead wires- burns when electricity is passed
o Also called as tungsten filament bulb
o Advantage-light quality and color are very consistent
o Disadvantage- requires lot of energy and faster degradation of filament
leading to shorter lifespan
  Fluorescent Lights
o Contains argon/krpton as gas vapor with phosper coating on the walls of glass
tube
o Secondly, CFL( compact fluorescent lights) were developed in the shape of
incandescent lamps
o Edward hammer invented the CFL bulbs in 1976AD
o Advantage: cooler and more energy efficient than incandescent
o Disadvantage: mercury is dangerous- if bulb is broken, it can present a health
hazard
  Discharge Lamps
o Discharge lamps provide high luminous efficacy combined with long life,
resulting in the most economical light source available
o Types of gas-discharge lamps: A- Low pressure discharge lamps B- High
pressure discharge lamps C- High-intensity discharge lamp
  Led(Light Emitting Diode)
o LED is high intensity discharge lights
o use semi-conductors to convert electrical energy directly into light.
o Colorful LED indicators were invented at the time of CFL invention
o LED began just as indicator in calculators, traffic signs, etc.
o White LED lights were invented by Nick Holonyack in 2006
o Become most efficient light sources as it consumes less energy and lifespan
is higher than other
  Led
o They are of three types
o False ceiling panel – Its watt varies from 3 to 40 W.
o It’s available in round and square shapes.
o The size of the panel depends on the amount of watt used in the led
o Cobs – They are used for focusing. Available in 3W, 7W, 12W.
o Colors available – neutral white, white, warm white. FALSE CEILING PANEL
COB
 Led Bulbs
o Ceramic base offers high heat dissipation & thus ensures long life. Available in 10W,
8W, 6W & 4W
o - Wide Beam Angle.
o - Glass Cover which does not change color with age
o - About 3 times longer life as compared to CFLs.
o - 2 Years Warranty.  - Mercury Free & hence Eco- friendly.
 Led Pendants Lights Indoor
o It Enhances Visual Appeal of your Home with LED Pendent Lights. It is a
Wonderful addition to your Personal Space, Lending a Modern Touch to your
Decor and Making a Strong Architectural Statement.
o Enjoyment, Taste, Coziness. That’s the sort of Atmosphere you can achieve if
you use a Pendent Lights. It is Essential to use Bright and Shielded Lighting in
Order for the Culinary Delights to be Particularly Inviting.
o They are customizable Modern Pendants comes with Adjustable Hanging
cords for Easy Instillation. Pendent Light are often used to Illuminate Dinning
Tables, Home Entrance, Lounge, Kitchen Island, Foyer and more to add and
  Mirror Lights (Led) Available in two colors
o Neutral white– Which is also known as day light.
 o Crystal – Price varies from Rs1600 to Rs13000 according to the quality and
brand.
  Garden Bollards
o They are used to high light the pathway. They are even available in
solar .They have fixtures present.
8.  LIGHT CREATE ATMOSPHERE
o Light creates atmosphere.
o Many factors affect the building atmosphere.
o Natural light is one of the most important factors.
o Architect needs to use light to create a different order and rhythm change the
spatial effect gives different atmosphere.
9. LIGHT INFLUENCE MOOD
o The psychological factors should not be overlooked.
o People need to change perspective in order to relax the eyes and mood.
o Lack of natural light makes people feel depressed and tensed
 Inside School Area
o In school building area, natural and artificial lights are equally need
o Learning spaces like classrooms, labs, studios, etc. use types Fluorescent
lamps and LED lights rather than incandescent bulbs
o In classroom and hallways general downlighting can be used
o In labs, art rooms and special areas, task lighting are preferred
o Things like dimmers and occupancy sensors make it possible to use only the
amount of light that’s needed
o Illuminate target areas, such as whiteboards, chalkboards, and
 Inside House
o Incandescent lights were used
o Nowadays, CFL and LED lights are mostly used
o General lighting are used in almost all the place of home
o Task lighting are used in the study room, kitchen areas- free of glare
o Accent lighting are used to decorate the home
o A decorative chandelier or hanging foyer fixture can provide significant
illumination -serving as a beautiful focal point for living areas.
o General downlighting are avoided and task lighting are used without glare