GENETICALLY

MODIFIED
MICROORGANISMS Dana and Amina

Disadvantages,research and map

Engineers design plants using
GMOs, to be tougher ,or taste
better. However, people have
concerns over their safety,
Allergic reactions
Cancer
Antibiotic resistance
Toxicity

и.
ALLERGIC REACTIONS
Some people believe that GMO foods
have more potential to trigger allergic
reactions. This is because they may
contain genes from an allegen- a food
that prompts an allergic reaction.

The World Health Organization (WHO)

discourage genetic engineers from using
DNA from allergens unless they can
prove that the gene itself doesnt cause
the problem.
CANCER /TUMOR
Over the course of two years, the scientists fed mice
a genetically modified corn called NK603, created by
Monsanto to be resistant to the weed killer
glyphosate (marketed by Monsanto under the brand
name Roundup). One group of mice was fed corn
that had been treated with Roundup, while others
were fed untreated corn. Another group was given
water with Roundup at levels of 0.1 parts per billion.
The corn comprised 11 percent of their diet.
According to the paper, the female mice developed
large mammary tumors and disabled pituitary
function; they died two to three times more than
mice in a control group. Male experienced liver
congestion and necrosis (tissue death) and tumors.
Both genders experienced chronic kidney
deficiencies.
 AFTER GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS WERE INTRODUCED Better
IN THE UNITED STATES A FEW DECADES AGO, PEOPLE 10%
INDEPENDENTLY REPORTED TOXIC EFFECTS CAUSED BY Refused
GMOS. 3%

FDA was well aware of the “genetic instability” problem prior to

establishing their no-testing policy. FDA scientists warned that Worse
this problem could create dangerous toxins in food and was a 39%

significant health risk. The scientists specifically warned that

the genetic engineering of foods could result in “increased
levels of known naturally occurring toxicants, appearance of
new, not previously identified toxicants, [and] increased
capability of concentrating toxic substances from the
environment (e.g., pesticides or heavy metals).” These same
FDA scientists recommended that long term toxicological tests
be required prior to the marketing of GE foods. FDA officials
Neither better nor worse
also were aware that safety testing on the first genetically 48%
engineered food, the Calgene Flavr Savr tomato, had shown
that consumption of this product resulted in stomach lesions in
laboratory rats.
 Some genetically modified plants contain genes
that make the plant resistant to certain
antibiotics. Scientists often add these resistant
genes during genetic modification so that the
ANTIBIOTIC GM plants and cells can be distinguished from
non-GM ones.

RESISTANCE
In theory when a genetically modified plant is eaten, such
genes can be transferred to bacteria in the gastro-intestinal
tract of humans or animals. The bacteria could go on to
develop resistance to that specific antibiotic. Subsequently
that antibiotic could be ineffective in treating humans affected
by the resistant bacteria. The risk of such a gene transfer is
very small, but it is nonetheless taken into account when
assessing applications for, say, field trials or market approvals.
СПАСИБО ЗА ВНИМАНИЕ!

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Амина и Дана 24.05.2022
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