Xi Mathematics Pastpaper

XI MATHEMATICS PAST PAPER KARACHI BOARD
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INDEX
YERALY PAST PAPER
MATHEMATICS 2019 ..................................................................................................................... 3
MATHEMATICS 2018 ..................................................................................................................... 7
MATHEMATICS 2017 ................................................................................................................... 11
MATHEMATICS 2016 ................................................................................................................... 15
MATHEMATICS 2015 ................................................................................................................... 20
MATHEMATICS 2014 ................................................................................................................... 25
MATHEMATICS 2013 ................................................................................................................... 29
MATHEMATICS 2012 ................................................................................................................... 33
MATHEMATICS 2011 ................................................................................................................... 37
MATHEMATICS 2010 ................................................................................................................... 41
TOPIC WISE PAST PAPER
CHAPTER 01: SETS ....................................................................................................................... 46

CHAPTER 02: REAL AND COMPLEX NUMBER SYSTEM ................................................................... 47
CHAPTER 03: EQUATIONS ............................................................................................................ 48
CHAPTER 04: INTRODUCTION TO MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS .............................................. 51
CHAPTER 05: GROUPS.................................................................................................................. 55
CHAPTER 06: SEQUENCES AND SERIES ......................................................................................... 57
CHAPTER 07: PERMUTATIONS, COMBINATIONS AND INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY ............... 59
CHAPTER 08: MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION AND BINOMIAL THEOREM ........................................ 62
CHAPTER 09: FUNDAMENTALS OF TRIGONOMETRY ..................................................................... 65
CHAPTER 10: TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES .................................................................................. 67
CHAPTER 11: GRAPHS OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS .............................................................. 69
Version 1.1
Compiled on: 5th Feb, 2020
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BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION KARACHI

INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION, 2019 (ANNUAL)
Time: 3 hours XI MATHEMATICS PAPER I
Max. Marks: 100
MATHEMATICS 2019
Section ‘A’ (Multiple Choice Questions)
1. Choose the correct answer for each from the given options:
|20|
𝟏
(i) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟏 + 𝒏)−𝒏
𝒙→∞
(𝑎) − 1 (b) e
1
(c) 1 (d) 𝑒
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟔𝒙
(ii) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 =:
𝒙→𝟎 𝟐𝒙
1
(a) 2 (b) 3
1
(c) 2 (d) 3
(iii) A function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙 + |𝒙|:
(a) even function (b) odd function

(c) circular function (d) neither even nor odd function
(iv) If A is two-third the way from P to Q the A divides PQ in the ratio:
(a) 2: 1 (b) 1: 2
(c) 2: 3 (d) 3: 2
(v) The slope of the bisector of the 1st and 3rd quadrant is:
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c)−1 (d) ∞
(vi) The distance of point (2,3) from x-axis is:
(a) 5 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 1
(vii) The length of the tangent from the point (1,2) to the 𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐲 𝟐 − 𝟐 = 𝟎 is:
(a) √2 (b) 1
(c) √6 (d) √3
(viii) Two lines, represented by 𝐚𝐱 𝟐 + 𝟐𝐡𝐱𝐲 + 𝐛𝐲 𝟐 = 𝟎, where a,h,b are not all zero, will be
orthogonal if:
(a) a − b = 0 (b) a + b = 0
(c) h = 0 (d) a = 0
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(ix) The radius of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0:
(a)√g 2 + f 2 − c 2 (b)√g 2 + f 2 − c
(c)√g 2 + f 2 + c (d)√g 2 − f 2 − c
𝐝
(x) 𝐝𝐱
𝐥𝐧 𝐱 𝐚 :
a
(a) ax a−1 (b)
x
(c) x 2 lnx (d) a2 lna
(xi) The necessary condition for f(x) to have extreme value is:
(a)f ′′ (x) = 0 (b) f ′ (x) = 1

(c) f ′ (x) = 0 (d) f(x) = 0
(xii) 𝐟 𝐱 −𝟏 𝐝𝐱 =
1
(a) x 0 + c (b) + c
x
1
(c) x2 + c (d) lnx + c
(xiii) ∫ 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝐱𝐝𝐱 =:
(a) −cosecx + c (b) −cotx + c

(c) −cosecx cotx + c (d) ln x + c
𝐱𝟐 𝐲𝟐
(xiv) The distance between the foci of an ellipse 𝐚𝟐 + 𝐛𝟐 = 𝟏 is:
2a
(a) (b) 2a
e
2b2
(c) 2ae (d)
a
𝟑
(xv) If 𝐞 = 𝟐 then the conic is a/an:
(a) parabola (b) hyperbola

(c) circle (d) ellipse
(xvi) The vertex of parabola (𝐱 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟒(𝐱 − 𝟏) is:
(a) (1,2) (b) (−2,1)

(c) (1, −2) (d) (−1,2)
(xvii) ̅ ≠ 𝟎 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐁
If two vectors 𝐀 ̅ = 𝟎 are such that 𝐀
̅𝐁̅ = 𝟎, then the vectors are:
(a) parallel (b) perpendicular

(c) opposite (d) equal
(xviii) The position of the vector of a point P(x,y,z) is:
(a) ̅
P (b) ̅̅̅̅
OP
̅̅̅̅|
(c) |OP ̅|
(d) |P
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𝐟 ′ (𝐱)
(xix) ∫ 𝐝𝐱 =:
𝐟(𝐱)
(a) lnf(x) + c (b) lnf ′ (x) + c

1
(c) f(x) + c (d) f(x) + c
𝐱+𝟏
(xx) The domain of the function 𝐟(𝐱) = 𝐱−𝟏 is:
(a)ℝ − {1} (b) ℝ − {−1}
(c) ℝ − {0} (d) ℝ
Section B (Short- Answer Questions)

NOTE: Answer any 10 questions from this section:
|50|
2.
(i) Name the device used to increase or decrease output A/C voltage. Describe any two factors
affecting its efficiency.
(ii) If the number of atoms per gram of 226 21
86Ra is 2.666 x 10 and its decay with the half-life of 1622
years, find the decay constant and activity of the sample (1 year = 3.15 x 107 s).
(iii) A coil of 400 turns in ac generator having an area of 0.1 m2 is rotating in a magnetic field of 50 T.
In order to generate a maximum voltage of 220 volts, how fast is the coil to be rotated? Express
your answer in revolutions/second.
(iv) What is meant by conduction band and forbidden gap? Why does the resistance of a
semiconductor decrease with temperature?
(v) Describe the construction and working of Wilson cloud chamber.
(vi) What is the wavelength of 3rd spectral line of Paschen series in hydrogen atom? (Rn=1.097 x 10 7 m-
1
).
(vii) What is meant by equipotential surface? Describe two properties of equipotential surface
(viii) A rectangular bar of iron is 2cm x 2cm in cross section and 20 cm long. What will be its resistance
at 500 oC? (α = 0.0052 K-1 and p = 11 x 10-8 Ωm)
(ix) Two capacitors of 2 µF and 4 µF are connected in series to a 40 volt battery. Calculate the charge
on these capacitors and potential difference across each.
(x) Find the change in volume of an aluminum sphere of 0.4 m radius when it is heated from 0 oC to
100oC. (α = 24 x 10-6 oC-1).
(xi) Describe the radioactive decay law. Give the relevant mathematical expression.
(xii) What is thermal expansion? Show that α = 1/3 β.
(xiii) How can a galvanometer be converted into a voltmeter? Derive the relevant mathematical
expression.
(xiv) What is a perfect black body? What are Max Planck’s assumptions to explain black body radiation?
Also write Planck’s law of black body radiation.
(xv) What will be the velocity and momentum of a particle whose rest mass in m o and kinetic energy is
equal to twice of its rest mass energy?
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Section C (Detailed- Answer Questions)

NOTE: Answer 2 questions from this section.
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3. (a) What is Carnot engine? Give its construction & working. Also derive mathematical expression its
efficiency.
(b) State Ampere’s law. Derive the expression for magnetic field induction B inside a current carrying
solenoid.
4. (a) Describe the construction and working of moving coil galvanometer. Also show that the deflection
produced in the coil proportional to the current passing through it.
(b) What is photoelectric effect? What is meant by the terms.
(i) Threshold frequency
(ii) Work function
(iii) Saturation current
(iv) Stopping potential
5. (a) Explain the term capacitance of a capacitor and give its S.I unit. Derive the expressions for the
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with:
(i) Free space between the plates.
(ii) A dielectric medium between the plates.
(b) Give the postulates of Bohr’s atomic theory. Derive expression for the:
(i) Radius of nth orbit of hydrogen atom.
(ii) Total energy of electron in nth orbit of hydrogen.
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2018
|20|
𝟏
(i) The middle term in the expansion of (𝟐𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐)𝟐𝟎 is the:
(a) ninth term (b) tenth term

(c) eleventh term (d) twelfth term
(ii) de Broglie’s wavelength is given as:
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 𝑛 (d) ∞
(iii) 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟔𝟎° 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑𝟎° − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟔𝟎° 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑𝟎° =
1 √3
(a) 2 (b)
2
√3 −1
(c) − (d)
2 2
(iv) If arc length s is equal to the radius r, then the central angle is:
1
(a) θ radian (b) 2 radians
(c) 2 radian (d) 1 radian
(v) In a triangle ABC, if 𝜸 = 𝟗𝟎°, then the law of cosine reduces to:
(a) a2 = b2 + c 2 (b) c 2 = a2 + b2
(c) c 2 = a2 + b2 (d) c 2 = a2 − b2
∆
(vi) In the escribed triangle ABC, =:
𝒓𝟑
(a) 𝑠 (b) (𝑠 − 𝑎)
(c) (𝑠 − 𝑏) (d) (𝑠 − 𝑐)
(vii) If 𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 = 𝟒 and 𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 = 𝟑, then r=:
(a) 3 (b) 5
(c) 6 (d) 2
(viii) (𝟏𝟎. 𝟓)°:
π 7π
(a) radians (b) radians
18 π
10.5
(c) 120 radians (d) 5π radians
(ix) If 𝑨 = {𝟐, 𝟑} and 𝑩 = {𝟑, 𝟒}, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 (𝑨 − 𝑩) ∩ 𝑩:
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(a) ∅ (b) {∅}

(c) {2} (d) {3}
(x) (𝑨 ∪ 𝑨’)’ =
(a) 𝐴 (b) 𝐴′
(c) ∅ (d) ∪
(xi) The imaginary part of 𝒊(𝟑 + 𝟓𝒊𝟐 ) is:
(a) −2𝑖 (b) 3𝑖

(c) −2 (d) − 5
(xii) ̅̅̅ =:
If z is a complex number, then 𝒛𝒛
(a) 𝑧 2 (b) (𝑧̅)2

(c) |𝑧| (d) |𝑧|2
(xiii) The product of the roots of the equation 𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟕𝒚 − 𝟕 is:
(a) 4 (b) 8
(c) 7 (d) 1
(xiv) If 𝝎 is a complex cube root of unity, then (𝟐 − 𝝎 − 𝝎𝟐 )𝟐 :
(a) −1 (b) 1
(c) 3 (d) 9
(xv) If A,B and C are non-singular matrices, then (𝑪𝑩𝑨)−𝟏 :
(a) 𝐶 −1 𝐵−1 𝐴−1 (b) 𝐴−1 𝐵 −1 𝐶 −1

(c) (𝐴𝐵𝐶)−1 (d) 𝐴𝐵𝐶
(xvi) If A is a square matrix, then |𝑨|𝑨−𝟏 =:
(a) AA−1 (b) |A|I3

(c)Adj A (d) A2
(xvii) If 1,x-1,3 are in A.P then x=:
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 3
(xviii) The H.M between 3 and 6 is:

1 9
(a) 4
(b) 2
(c) )±√18 (d) 4
𝒂−𝒃 𝒂
(xix) If = , then a,b,c are in:
𝒃−𝒄 𝒃
(a) 𝐴. 𝑃 (b) G. P
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(c) H. P (d) A. G. P
(xx) The number of permutations of the letters of the word COMMITTEE is:
9 ) 6 )
(a) ( (b) (
222 222
9 ) 2 2 2)
(c) ( (d) (
221 9

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2.
(i) Solve the complex equation for x and y, (x + 2yί)2 = xί
OR
(ii) Solve the complex equation for x and y:
𝑥(1 + 2𝑖) + 𝑦(3 + 5𝑖) = −3𝑖
(iii) Solve the following equation

1 2 1
(𝑥 + ) = 4(𝑥 − )
𝑥 𝑥
(iv) Determine the value of m in the equation that will make the roots equal:
(m + 1)y2 + 2(m + 3)y + (2m + 3) = 0
sin 𝜃 − cos 𝜃 ] sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 ],
(v) If A = [ and B = [ then verify that AB = BA = I2
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
(vi) Using properties of determinants , show that
1 𝑥 𝑦𝑧 1 1 1
|1 𝑦 𝑧𝑥 | = | 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 |
1 𝑧 𝑥𝑦 𝑥2 𝑦 2 𝑧2
GROUPS, SEQUENCE, SERIES AND COUNTING PROBLEMS
3.
(i) Let G = {1, 𝝎, 𝝎𝟐 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Show that (G, ∙) is an abelian group,
where ′ ∙ ′ is an ordinary multiplication.
(ii) If three books are picked at random from a shelf containing 3 novels, 4 books of novel, and a
dictionary, what is the probability that
i- The dictionary is selected?
ii- One novel and 2 books of poems are selected
OR
In how many ways can a party of 5 students and 2 teachers be formed out of 15 students and 5
teachers?
1 1 1 1 𝑛
(iii) Prove by the mathematical induction: 1.2
+ 2.3 + 3.4 + ⋯ + 𝑛(𝑛+1) = 𝑛+1
OR
Find the sum of the series
212 + 222 + 232 + . . . + 502
(iv) Find the sum of an A.P. of nineteen terms whose middle term is 10.
𝑎 𝑛+1 + 𝑏𝑛+1
(v) Find the value of ‘n’ so that may become the H.M between ‘a’ and ‘b’.
𝑎 𝑛 + 𝑏𝑛
OR
Find the first term of a G.P whose second term is 3 and sum to infinity is 12.
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TRIGONOMETRY
4.
(i)A belt 23.75 meters long passes around a 3.5 cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes two
complete revolutions in a minute. How many radians does the wheel turn in one second?
(ii) Draw the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋.
OR
Show that 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is a periodic function of period 𝛑
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5. (a) Divide 600 biscuits among 5 boys so that their shares are in A.P, and the two smallest Shares together
make one-seventh of what the other three boys get.
OR
In an H.P., the 10th term is 35 and the 34th term is 25. If the last term is 2, find the number of terms.
(b) prove that law of cosine
OR
Prove fundamental law
6. (a) Show that:

1 1.3 1.3.5
√2 = 1+ 22 + 24.2! + 26.3! + . . .
(b) Apply Cramer’s rule to solve the system of equation:
x+y+z=d
x +(1 + d)y + z = 2d
x + y + (1 + d) z = 0 (d ≠ 0)
7. (a) By using the definition of radian function, if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0.6 and 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is negative, find the remaining
trigonometric functions.
(b) Prove any Two of the following:
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(i) √1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
(ii) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛7𝜃−𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜃
(iii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠7𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
OR
𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 = 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(c) Solve and check: (2018) (5 marks)

𝑦𝑧 + 15 = 0
𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 34 = 0
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2017
|20|
(i) The distance between the points (1,1) and (2,1) is:
(a) 0 unit (b) 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡

(c) 2 units (d) 3 units
(ii) The circle inscribed with in a triangle so that it touches all the sides of the triangle is called:
(a) incircle (b) Negative

(c) circumcenter (d) circumcircle
(iii) The principle value of 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒂𝒓𝒄 𝐭𝐚𝐧(−𝟏)) 𝒊𝒔:
(a) Increases (b) Decreases

(c) Remain constant (d) Becomes zero
𝝅
(iv) The arc length of a unit circle with central angle 𝟔 𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒏 is approximately:
(a) 0.52 (b) 1.52

(c) 2.52 (d) 3.52
(v) he value of (𝟏 + 𝝎𝟐 )𝟑 is:
(a) −1 (b) 1
(c) 𝜔 (d) – 𝜔
(vi) Let 𝒙 + 𝟑𝒊 = 𝟐𝒚𝒊, the value of x and y respectively are:

3
(a) 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 0 (b) 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 0
3 2 3
(c) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (d) 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑
2 3 2
(vii) Two matrices A and B are conformable for addition if both have:
(a) same elements (b) same order

(c) Half (d) Double
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(viii) The sum of infinite Geometric series 𝟐 + 𝟒 + 𝟖 + ⋯ is:
(a) ∞ (b) 0
1
(c) 4 (d) 2
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(ix) If a2, b2, c2 and three terms of an A.P, then:
b2 +c2 𝑎 2 +𝑐 2
(a) a2 = 2
(b) 𝑏 2 = 2
2 𝑎 2 +𝑏2
(c) 𝑐 = (d) 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐 2
2 2
2
(x) If ∪ is the universal set and ‘A’ is any non-empty set, then 𝑨 ∪ 𝑨′ =:
(a) 𝐴 (b) 𝐴′
(c) ∪ (d) ∅
(xi) The progressions 3, 9, 27, 81,… is a/an:
(a) 𝐴. 𝑃 (b) 𝐺. 𝑃
(c) 𝐻. 𝑃 (d) 𝐴. 𝐺. 𝑃
(xii) The roots of the equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎 are:
(a) ±4𝑖 (b) ±4

(c) ±8𝑖 (d) ± 16𝑖
(xiii) A diagonal matrix in which all the diagonal elements are equal is called:
(a) 𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (b) 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥

(c) 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (d) 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥
(xiv) A coin is tossed thrice. The probability of getting three tails is:
1 3
(a) 2 (b) 2
1 2
(c) 8 (d) 3
(xv) 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + ⋯ is equal to:
(a) (1 − 𝑥)−1 (b) (1 − 𝑥)−2

(c) (1 + 𝑥)−1 (d) (1 + 𝑥)−2
(xvi) ∑𝟑𝒏=𝟏 𝒏𝟑 is equal to:
(a) 30 (b) 12
(c) 48 (d) 36
(xvii) If 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 > 𝟎 and 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 < 𝟎, then 𝝆(𝜽) is in the:
(a) 1𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (b) 2𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

(c) 3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d) 4𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝜽
(xviii) 𝟏 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝟐 is equal to:
(a) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (b) cosθ

𝜃 𝜃
(c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
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(xix) The number of elements in the set

𝑨 = {𝒙| 𝒙 ∈ 𝒁, −𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 ≥ 𝟓}, where Z is the set of integers, is:
(a) 5 (b) 7
(c) 6 (d) 8
𝝀 𝟑]
(xx) If the matrix [ is singular, then the value of 𝝀 is:
𝟐 𝟒
4 3
(a) (b)
3 4
3 2
(c) 2 (d) 3

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2.
(i) Find the cube roots of -8 in terms of ω.
√2 + 𝑖
(ii) Separate into real and imaginary parts and find the multiplicative inverse
√2 − 𝑖
OR
The area of a square is numerically less than twice the diagonal by 2. Find its perimeter.
(iii) If α and β are the roots of px2+qx+r=0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are:
2α + 1 and 2β + 1
−2 1 0 2 1 −1
(iv) Let A= [−1 4 3] and X= [−3 2 −4] . find a matrix B, if A - 3B = 2X
0 8 5 0 4 5
(v) Prove that:
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
(vi) | 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑎 𝑎 |= 2(a+b+c)3
𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 + 𝑎 + 2𝑏
GROUPS, SEQUENCE, SERIES AND COUNTING PROBLEMS

3.
(i) By drawing composition table, show that (S , *) is a groupoid if S = {2,4,6,8} and * is defined on S
by x*y = 4 ∀ 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑆.
33
(ii) The probability that a student passes Mathematics is 60 and the probability that he passed
39 51
Physics is 60. If the probability of passing at least one course is 60, what is the probability that he
will pass both the courses?
OR
How many words can be formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants out of 4 vowels and 7
consonants?
(iii) Prove by the mathematical induction:
1 + 5 + 9 + ⋯ + (4𝑛 − 3) = 𝑛(2𝑛 − 1)
OR
Prove by mathematical induction:
11𝑛+2 + 122𝑛+1 is divisible by 133 for all integral values of 𝑛 ≥ 0
(iv) If u,v,x,y,z are in A.P , prove that u+z = v+y = 2x
OR
If n A.M’s are inserted between 20 and 80 and the ratio of the first and the last means is 1:3; find
n
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(v) If the roots of the equation 𝑝(𝑞 − 𝑟)𝑥 2 + 𝑞(𝑟 − 𝑝)𝑥 + 𝑟(𝑝 − 𝑞) = 0 are equal, prove that p, q
and r are in H.P.
TRIGONOMETRY
4.
(i) How far does a boy on a bicycle travel in 10 revolutions if the diameters of the wheels of his
bicycle each equals to 56 cm?
(ii) Draw the graph of 𝑦 = sin(−𝑥), –𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋
OR
Show that 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is a periodic function of period 2𝛑
(iii) Show that in a triangle ABC :
1 1 1 1
+ + =
𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑎 2𝑟𝑅
(iv) Solve the trigonometric equation: 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 1 = 0
𝜃
(v) Prove that: 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1
√1+𝜃2

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5. (a) Determine the sum of an infinite decreasing geometric series, if it is known that the sum of its first and
fourth terms is equal to 54, and the sum of the second and third terms, is 36.
OR
1 3
The 12 term of an H.P. is 5 and the 19th term is 22 find the 4th term.
th
(b) The measure of two sides of a triangle are 4 and 5 units. Find the third side so that the area of the
triangle is 6 square units.
OR
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
In ∆ABC , prove that : 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾
6. (a) Identify the following series as binomial expansion and find their sums:
3 3.5 3.5.7
1− + − +. … ..
4 4.8 4.8.12
(b) Solve by Matrix method:
x+y+z=2
2x – y – z = 1
x – 2y – 3x = -3
−2
7. (a) By using definition of radian function, find the remaining trigonometric functions if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 3 and 𝑝(𝜃)
is in the third quadrant.
(b) Prove any Two of the following:
(i) 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 – 4𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝜃
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(ii) (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃)2 = 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(iii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 + Ф)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − Ф) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 – 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 Ф
(c) Solve and check
𝑦+𝑧=5
𝑦 2 + 2𝑧 2 = 17
OR
Prove that the roots of the equation 𝑝𝑞𝑟 2 + 𝑟(3𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑥 + 3𝑝2 − 𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 = 0 are rational.
inertial and non-inertial frames of references? Also, give the consequences of the special theory of relativity.
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2016
|20|
(i) 𝝅 is a/an:
(a) natural number (b) integer

(c) rational (d) irrational number
(ii) (𝒂, 𝒃). (𝒄, 𝒅) =
(a) (ac + bd, ad + bc) (b) (ac − bd, ad − bc)

(c) (ac − bd, ad + bc) (d) (ac + bd, ad − bc)
(iii) If 𝒛 = 𝟑 + 𝟒𝒊 then = 𝒛 + 𝒛̅:
(a) 8𝑖 (b) 6
(c) 0 (d) − 1
(iv) If 𝒛 = (𝒂, 𝒃) is a complex number then 𝒛̅ =:
(a) (𝑎, −𝑏) (b) (−𝑎, 𝑏)

(c) (𝑎, 𝑏) (d) (−𝑎, −𝑏)
(v) If i is imaginary number then 𝒊𝟕 =
(a) −𝑖 (b) 𝑖
(c) 1 (d) − 1
(vi) If 𝝎 is a complex cube roots of unity then 𝝎𝟏𝟕 =:
(a) 0 (b) 𝜔
(c) 1 (d) 𝜔2
(vii) If the roots of the equation 𝒑𝒙𝟐 + 𝒒𝒙 + 𝒓 = 𝟎 are imaginary then 𝒒𝟐 − 𝟒𝒑𝒓 is:
(a) 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (b) less than zero

(c) perfect square (d) greater than zero
(viii) [𝟐 𝟎 ] is a/an:
𝟎 −𝟐
(a) rectangular matrix (b) scalar matrix

(c) diagonal matrix (d) unit matrix
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(ix) If a die and a coin are tossed simultaneously then the probability of getting two heads is:
1
(a) 3 (b) 0
1
(c) (d) 1
2
(x) The number of ways in which 7 girls can be seated around a round table is:
(a) 6 (b) 6!
(c) 7 (d) 7!
(xi) If 𝟒𝒙+𝟐 = 𝟔𝟒 then x is equal to:
(a) 2 (b)1
(c) 0 (d) 3
(xii) If the order of two matrices A and B is mXn and nXp respectively, then the order of matrix AB
is:
(a) 𝑝 × 𝑚 (b) 𝑛 × 𝑝
(c) 𝑝 × 𝑛 (d) 𝑚 × 𝑝
𝟑 𝒂]
(xiii) If [ is a singular matrix, then the value of ‘a’ is:
𝟐 𝟖
(a) 10 (b) 12
1
(c) −12 (d) 12
𝟏
(xiv) The middle term in the expansion of (𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙 )𝟐𝒏 is:
(a) (2𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 (b) (2𝑛 + 2)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚

(c) (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 (d) (𝑛 + 2)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
𝟐𝝅
(xv) radians in degrees is equal to:
𝟑
(a) 60° (b) 90°

(c) 120° (d) 150°
(xvi) If the sides of the triangle are 5,6 and 7 units, then 2s is equal to:
(a) 6 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 (b) 9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

(c) 18 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 (d) 27 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
(xvii) 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝐭𝐚𝐧(−𝟏) =:

√3
(a) −1 (b) 2
1
(c) 1 (d) 2
(xviii) ∑ 𝒏𝟐 =:
𝑛(𝑛−1) 𝑛(𝑛+1)
(a) (b)
2 2
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𝑛(𝑛+1)(2𝑛+1) 𝑛(𝑛+1)2
(c) (d)
6 4
𝝅
(xix) 𝐬𝐢𝐧 ( − 𝜽) =:
𝟐
(a) cosθ (b) −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

(c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (d) – 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(xx) [𝟏 𝟐 𝟓] is:
(a) diagonal matrix (b) scalar matrix

(c) column matrix (d) row matrix

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2.
1+2ί 2 𝑖−2
(i) Verify that: 3−4ί
+5= 5ί
OR
𝑦−2 𝑦+2 34
+ =
𝑦+2 𝑦−2 15
(ii) Solve the following system of equation
𝑦+𝑧=5
𝑦 2 + 2𝑧 2 = 17
(iii) For what values of a and b will both roots of the equation x2+ (2a-4)x = 3b+5, vanish?
(iv) Let ⋆ be defined in Z, the set of all integers, as p ⋆ q = p + q + 𝟑
Show that:
(a) ⋆ is commutative in and associative
(b) Identity w.r.t. * exists in ℤ.
1
(v) Prove by the mathematical induction: 2 + 6 + 12+ . . . + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 3
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
OR
Find the sum of the series 112 + 122 + 132 + . . . + 202
(vi) Using the properties of determinants ,Show that
𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 𝑎
| 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 |=x2(3a+x)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥
(vii) If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of obtaining at least one head?
OR
Find n if nP4 = 24 nC5
(viii) Show that 51⁄2 . 51⁄4 . 51⁄8 . . . = 5.
(ix) Solve for x
−3
−2 3 . 1 𝑥 5 .
[ ][ ] [ 1 ] = [2 −14]𝑡
4 −1 2 4 𝑥
0
1
(x) Write in the simplified form, the term independent of 𝑥 in. (2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2)9
OR
Which term of the H.P 6 ,2 , 6/5 … is equal to 2/33?
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TRIGONOMETRY
NOTE: Attempt any three part questions from this section
3.
(i) If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 3⁄4 and sin θ is positive, find the remaining trigonometric functions, using the
definition of radian function.
(ii) Prove any Two:
(cotθ+cosecθ)
(a) = cosecθcotθ
(sinθ+tanθ)
(b) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
− 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
(c) Sin θ + cos θ = 1 − 3sin2 θcos2 θ.
6 6
(iii) Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋

OR
Find the period of tan4x.
(iv) Without using the calculator, prove that
1 1 1
tan−1 + tan−1 = tan−1
3 7 2
OR
Solve: sin2θ − cosθ = 0
(v) Find the measure of the largest angle in the triangle ABC with sides a = 5cm, b = 10cm, c = 14cm.
SECTION ‘C’ (DETAILED – ANSWER QUESTIONS)

|30|
4. (a) Solve the system of equation by matrix method:
x + 2y + z = 8
2x – y + z = 3
x + y – z = 0.
(b) The base of a right-angled triangle is 10 cm, and the sides of the triangle are in A.P.; find the
hypotenuse.
5. (a) Prove that:

1 1 1 1
(i) 𝑎𝑏
+ 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎 = 2𝑟𝑅
(ii) 𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 = 𝑟𝑠 2
(b) Derive the Law of Cosines.
OR
𝛼 𝑠(𝑠−𝑎)
Prove that in triangle abc, 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 = √ 𝑏𝑐
3 3.5 3.5.7
6. (a) Prove that: 2√2 = 1+ + + +⋯
4 4.8 4.8.12
(b) If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are α+2,β+2.
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Max. Marks: 100
MATHEMATIC 2015
|20|
(i) The period of sin x is:
𝜋
(a) 2
(c)−𝜋
(b) 𝜋 (d) 2𝜋
𝒂−𝒃+𝒄
(ii) If the sides of a triangle are a,b and c then 𝟐
=:
(a) 𝑠 (c) 𝑠 − 𝑏
(b) 𝑠 − 𝑎 (d) 𝑠 − 𝑐
(iii) The matrix [𝟏 𝟐 𝟑]𝒕 is a:
(a) 𝑟𝑜𝑤 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥

(c)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (d) 𝑛𝑜𝑛 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥
(iv) If a,b,c are the sides of triangle ABC then R=:

𝑎𝑏𝑐 4∆
(a) (b) 𝑎𝑏𝑐
4
∆ 𝑎𝑏𝑐
(c) 𝑠 (d)
4∆
(v) 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟏𝟖𝟎° + 𝜽) =:
(a) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (b) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

(c)−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (d)−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(vi) If roots of the equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 are real then 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 is:
(a) 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 (b)𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒

(c)𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (d) perfect square
(vii) If angle ∝ 𝒊𝒏 ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 is in standard position, the law of cosine is:
(a) 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 2𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝ (b) 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝

(c) 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝ (d) 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝
(viii) ∑𝟐𝟎 𝟎
𝒏=𝟑 𝒏 =
(a) 17 (b)18
(c) 19 (d) 20
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(ix) If 𝝎 is a complex cube root of unity then 𝝎𝟑 + 𝝎𝟒 + 𝝎𝟓 =:
(a) 1 (b)𝜔
(c) 0 (d) 𝜔3
(x) A square matrix A is said to be singular if:
(a) |𝐴| = 1 (b) |𝐴| = 0

(c) 𝐴 = 0 (d) 𝐴 = 1
(xi) The real and imaginary parts of 𝒊 (𝟑 − 𝟐𝒊) respectively:
(a) −2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 (b) 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3

(c) 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 (d)−2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3
(xii) If 𝒛 = −𝟒 + 𝟑𝒊 then z is equal to:
(a) 4 + 3𝑖 (b)−4 − 3𝑖
(c) 4 − 3𝑖 (d)−4 + 3𝑖
(xiii) The product of the roots of the equation 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎 is:
(a) −15 (b) 15

15 15
(c) − 2
(d) 2
(xiv) If 𝒊 = √−𝟏 then value of (−𝒊𝟑 )𝟐 is:
(a) 1 (b) 𝑖
(c)−𝑖 (d) −1
(xv) The G.M between 2 and 8 is:
(a) 5 (b) 16
(c) ±8 (d) ±4
𝒏
(xvi) 𝑷𝒓 is equal to:
𝑛! 𝑛!
(a) 𝑟!(𝑛−𝑟)! (b) 𝑟!
𝑛! 𝑛!
(c) 𝑛!−𝑟! (d) (𝑛−𝑟)!
(xvii) ∑𝒏 =
𝑛(𝑛+1) 𝑛+1
(a) (b)
2 2
𝑛 2 (𝑛+1)2 𝑛(𝑛+2)
(c) 2
(d) 2
(xviii) The angle 𝟏𝟑𝟓° in radians is:
5𝜋 3𝜋
(a) 4
(b) 4
2𝜋
(c) 3
(d) 135𝜋
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(xix) If 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 < 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 > 𝟎 then 𝝆(𝜽) is in:
(a) 1𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (b) 2𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

(c) 3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d) 4𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡
(xx) The distance between (𝒂, 𝟎) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (𝟎, 𝒃) is:
(a) 𝑎 + 𝑏 (b) 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
(c) √𝑎 + 𝑏 (d) √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

|50|
2.
1
(i) Prove that the roots of the equation 𝑦 2 − 2(𝑚 + 𝑚)𝑦 + 3 = 0 ,∀ m ε R are real.
OR
Solve the complex equation (x , y)(2 , 3) = (-4 , 7)
(ii) Prove that the roots of -125 are -5. -5𝜔 and 𝜔2 and their sum is zero.
OR
1 2 1
Solve the equation (𝑡 + 𝑡 ) = 4(𝑡 − 𝑡 )
(iii) Solve the system of equation:
4𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 = 5
(iv) Find 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛 and 𝒗 so that
4 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
[ ] = 3[ ]+[ 𝑥 6]
𝑧+𝑣 3 𝑧 𝑣 −1 2𝑣
(v) Using the properties of determinants, evaluate
𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 𝑎
| 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 |
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥
(vi) Prove by Mathematical induction
23 + 43 + 63 + …………. + (2n)3= 2[n(n+1)]2
(vii)
Find the simplified form the term independent of x in the binary expansion of
4𝑥 2 3 9
( − )
3 2𝑥
(viii) The pth term of an A.P is q and the qth term is p. Find the (p + q)𝑡ℎ term.
(ix) If 𝑨 = {1 , −1 , 𝑖 , −𝑖} construct the multiplication for complex numbers multiplication (∙) in A, also
show that (∙) is commutative in A.
(x) Find n if nP4 = 24 nC5
OR
In how many ways can 3 English, 2 Urdu and 2 Sindhi books be arranged on a shelf so as to keep
all the books in each language together?
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TRIGONOMETRY
3.
(i) Using the definition of radian function, find the remaining trigonometric functions, if 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
1
( ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is positive.
2
OR
√3 1
If sin𝛼 = 2
and cosβ = and both p(α) and p(β) are in the first quadrant, find the values of
√2
tan(𝛼 + 𝛽)
(ii) How far does a boy on a bicycle travel in 10 revolutions if the diameters of the wheels of his
bicycle each equals to 56 cm?
(iii) Prove any Two of the following:
(cotθ+cosecθ)
(a) (sinθ+tanθ)
= cosecθcotθ
cotαcotβ−1
(b) cot(α + β) =
cotα+cotβ
(iv) Prove That ∆= 1⁄2 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾

(v) Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋
(vi) Solve the triangle ABC when α = 30o, β = 40o, a = 10cm

|30|
4. (a) Solve the following system of equation bu using matrix method:
 x+y=5
 y+z=7
 z+x=6
−1 −1
(b) If α and β are the roots of px2+qx+r=0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are: ,
𝛼3 𝛽3
5. (a) If c be a quantity, so small that c3 may be neglected in comparing with 𝑙3, prove that
𝑙 𝑙 3𝑐 2
√ + √𝑙−𝑐 = 2 + 4𝑙2
𝑙+𝑐
512
(b) (i) Which term of the sequence 27,18,12, . . . 𝑖𝑠 729 ?
(ii) Find the 17th term of an H.P. whose first two terms are 6 and 8.
6. (a) Without using calculator, prove that

1 1 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 13 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 4 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
(b) Prove that 𝑟1 = 4𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2)
(c) A man observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain measures 45° from a point on the
ground. On walking 100 metres away from the point, the angleof elevation measures 43.45°. Find the
height of the mountain.
OR
Solve 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 − 3 = 0
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Max. Marks: 100
MATHEMATICS 2014
1. Choose the correct answer for each from the given options: (20)
(i) If 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 > 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝜽 < 𝟎, then 𝝆(𝜽) lies in this quadrant:
(a)𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 (b)𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
(c)𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑 (d)𝑓𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑡ℎ
𝒃𝟐
(ii) The total number of terms in the binomial expansion of (𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 )𝒏 is:
(a)𝑛 (b) 𝑛 − 1
(c)𝑛 + 1 (d) 2𝑛
(iii) The roots of a quadratic equation are equal if:
(a)𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 (b) 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0

(c) 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 (d) 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 is a perfect square
(iv) The H.M of 2 and 5 is:
7
(a) 2 (b) ±√10
20
(c) 0 (d)
7
(v) The real part of (𝟐𝒊 − 𝟑)𝒊 is:
(a)2 (b) −2
(c)−3 (d) 3
(vi) 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝜽) =
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 (b) −𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃

(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 (d) – 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
(vii) The value of 𝟖𝑷𝟐 is:
(a) 66 (b) 76
(c) 56 (d) 86
(viii) The multiplication inverse of (−𝟑, 𝟖) is:
1 1
(a) (3, −8) (b) (− , )
3 8
1 1 3 8
(c) (3 , − 8) (d) (− 73 , − 73)
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(ix) 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝟗𝟎−∝) is equal to:
(a) 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝ (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝

(c)−𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝ (d)−𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝
(x) If |𝒙| < 𝟏, then 𝟏 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙𝟑 + ⋯ is equal to:
(a) (1 − 𝑥)−2 (b) (1 − 𝑥)−1

(c) (1 + 𝑥)−2 (d) (1 + 𝑥)−1
𝟓
(xi) ( )=
𝟑, 𝟐
(a) 8 (b) 9
(c)10 (d) 20
(xii) If 𝝎 is a complex cube root of unity then (𝟏 + 𝝎 + 𝝎𝟐 )𝟐 will be equal to:
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 𝜔2 (d) 4
(xiii) If order of matrices A and B respectively are 2X3 and 3X4 than order of AB:
(a) 2 × 2 (b) 3 × 3
(c) 2 × 4 (d) 4 × 2
𝟒 𝟐]
(xiv) If [ is a singular matrix, then 𝝀=:
𝟑 𝝀
(a) 6 (b) ±5
3 2
(c) 2 (d) 3
𝒏!
(xv) (𝒏+𝟏)!
Is equal to:
(a) 𝑛 (b) 𝑛 + 1
1 1
(c) 𝑛 (d) 𝑛+1
(xvi) The period of tanx is:
𝜋
(a) 𝜋 (b) 2
(c) 2𝜋 (d) 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒
(xvii) ∑ 𝒏𝟑 =:
𝑛 2 (𝑛+1)2 𝑛 3 (𝑛+1)3
(a) 4
(b) 8
𝑛(𝑛+1)
(c) 2
(d) 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒
𝟏
(xviii) The middle term of the expansion of (𝒙 − 𝒙)𝟐𝟎 is:
(a) 9𝑡ℎ (b) 10𝑡ℎ

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(c) 11𝑡ℎ (d) 12𝑡ℎ
(xix) If a balanced die is rolled, then the probability of getting 3 is:
2 3
(a) 3 (b) 2
1 1
(c) 3 (d) 6
𝟏
(xx) 𝟏+𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝜽
(a) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃

(c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃

ALGEBRA (35 MARKS)
NOTE: Answer any seven questions from this section:
|50|
2.
(i) Determine the value of k in each of the following equations that will make the roots equal:
(k + 1) x2 + 2(k + 3)x + (2k + 3) = 0 provided k ≠ 1.
(ii) Solve the following equation: x4 + x3 – 4x2 + x + 1= 0
(iii) Show that
𝑎+𝑦 𝑎 𝑎
| 𝑎 𝑎+𝑦 𝑎 |=y2(3a + y)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+𝑦
OR
Find the value of  for which the following matrix becomes Singular:
5 8 2
[0 λ 2]
9 −8 4
(iv) If |x| < 1, prove that

⁄ 2
√1+𝑥+(1−x) 3 5
1+𝑥+ √1+𝑥
= 11- 6 𝑥 ; nearly
512
(v) Which term of the sequence 27,18,12, . . . 𝑖𝑠 729 ?
(vi) Prove by Mathematical Induction:
10𝑛 + 3. 4𝑛+2 + 5 is divisible by 9 ∀𝑛 ∈ N
1
(vii) Write in the simplified form, the term independent of 𝑥 in. (2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2
)9
(viii) If 𝑨 = {1 , −1 , 𝑖 , −𝑖} construct the multiplication for complex numbers multiplication (∙) in A, also
show that (∙) is commutative in A.
(ix) In how many distinct ways can the letter if the word PAKPATTAN be arranged?
𝑎 𝑛+1 + 𝑏𝑛+1
(xi) Find the value of ‘n’ so that may become the H.M between ‘a’ and ‘b’
TRIGONOMETRY (15 MARKS)
3.
3
(i) If 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = (− ) and 𝜌(𝜃) is in the fourth quadrant, then find the remaining trigonometric
2
functions using the definition of radian function with 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1.
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(ii) If a point on the rim of a 21 cm diameter fly wheel travels 5040 meters in a minute, through how
many radians does the wheel turn in a second ?
1 1
(a) (1−sinθ)
+ (1+sinθ)
= 2se𝑐 2 θ
(b) tan𝟓𝟕𝟎 = 𝟑cos30− sin30 cos30+ 3sin30
(c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 – 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(iv) Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where –𝜋 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋.

(v) Find the general solution of 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃. 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3
OR
The three sides of a triangular building have lengths 10cm, 11cm, 13cm respectively. Find the
measure of its largest angle and the area of the building.

|30|
4. (a) Solve the following system of equation by Cramer’s rule:
x+y=5
y+z=7
z+x=6
(b) If α and β are the roots of y2 - 2y + 3 = 0, form the equation whose roots are:
1 1
𝛼2
, 𝛽2
1 1.3 1.3.5
5. (a) Show that: 3√4 − 1= 4 + 4.6
+
4.6.8
+ . . .,
(b) If the sum of the 8 terms of an A.P. is 64 and that of 19 terms is 361; find the 9 th term of an A.P.
OR
(i) The sum of four numbers in A.P. is 4 and the sum of the first and the last and the two middle terms is -
38, find the A.P.
(ii) Find the G.Ms between 2 and -16.
6. (a) Without using calculator verify:

1 1 1
tan−1 13 + tan−1 4 = tan−1 3
𝑎𝑏𝑐
(b) Prove that = . OR Derive Law of Cosine.
4∆
1 1 1 1 (𝑎 2 +𝑏2 +𝑐 2 )
(c) Prove that + + + =
𝑟2 𝑟12 𝑟22 𝑟32 ∆2
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Max. Marks: 100
MATHEMATICS 2013
|20|
(i) Magnitude of 𝟑 − 𝟒𝒊 is:
(a) 25 (b)1
(c) 9 (d) 5
𝟐−𝒊
(ii) The real and imaginary parts of are respectively:
𝟑
2 1 2 1
(a)− 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 (b) 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3
1 2 1 2
(c)− 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3 (d) − 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3
𝟏
(iii) The middle term in the expansion of (𝒙 − )𝟐𝒏 is:
𝒙
(a) (2𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 (b) (2n + 2)th term

(c) (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 (d) (n + 2)th term
(iv) The period of 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 is:
(a) 𝜋 (b)2𝜋
𝜋
(c) 4𝜋 (d) 2
(v) If the sides of a triangle are 5,6 and 7 units, then 2s is equal to:
(a) 6 (b) 9
(c)18 (d) 27
(vi) Area of triangle ABC is:
1 1
(a) 2 𝑎𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 (b) 2 𝑏𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝
1 1
(c) 𝑎𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 (d) 𝑏𝑐 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽
2 2
(𝒏+𝟏)!
(vii) 𝒏!
is equal to:
𝑛+1
(a) 𝑛
(b) 𝑛 + 1
(c) 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) (d) (𝑛 + 1)!
(viii) If the roots of the equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 are equal, then 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 is:
(a) 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 (b) 𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
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(c) 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (d) 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒
(ix) If A and B are any two sets, then (𝑨 ∪ 𝑩)′ =
(a) 𝐴′ ∪ 𝐵 ′ (b) 𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵 ′
(c) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 (d) 𝑛𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑒
(x) The multiplicative inverse of (𝒂, 𝒃) is:
1 1 1 1
(a) ( , ) (b) (− , − )
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏
(c) ( , ) (d) ( ,− )
𝑎 2 +𝑏2 𝑎 2 +𝑏2 𝑎 2 +𝑏2 𝑎 2 +𝑏2
𝟏 𝟏
(xi) If an equation, has roots 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 − 𝟔, then the equation is:
(a) 12𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 1 = 0 (b)𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2 = 0

(c) 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 2 = 0 (d) 12𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1 = 0
(xii) A matrix, in which the number of rows is equal to the number of columns, is called:
(a)𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (b)𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥

(c)𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (d)𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥
(xiii) If 𝒛 = −𝟑𝒊 + 𝟒 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 𝒛̅:
(a) −3𝑖 − 4 (b) −3𝑖 + 4

1
(c) 3𝑖 + 4 (d)−3𝑖+4
𝟏 𝟎 𝟎
(xiv) If 𝑨 = [𝟎 𝝎 𝟎 ] 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 |𝑨|
𝟎 𝟎 𝝎𝟐
(a)1 (b)−1
(c)𝜔2 (d)𝜔’
(xv) If H is the harmonic mean between a and b, then H=:
𝑎+𝑏
(a) (b)√𝑎𝑏
2
𝑎𝑏 2𝑎𝑏
(c) (d)
𝑎+𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
(xvi) A die is rooled once, the probability of getting a number 4 is:
1 1
(a)6 (b)3
1 2
(c)2 (d)3
(xvii) If 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 > 𝟎 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 < 𝟎 then 𝝆(𝜽) is in:
(a) 1𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (b)2𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

(c)3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d)4𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡
(xviii) 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽. 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 =:
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(a) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (b)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

(c)𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 (d)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
(xix) 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝟏𝟖𝟎° −) =:
(a) 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 (b)−𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃

(c)𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 (d)−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
(xx) 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒖 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒗 =:
𝑢+𝑣 𝑢−𝑣 𝑢+𝑣 𝑢−𝑣

(a)2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (b)2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2 2 2
𝑢+𝑣 𝑢−𝑣 𝑢+𝑣 𝑢−𝑣
(c)2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (d)−2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2 2 2

ALGEBRA (35 MARKS)
|50|
2.
1
(i) Prove that the roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 2(𝑚 + 𝑚)𝑥 + 3 = 0 ,∀ m ε R are real.
(ii) If α and β are the roots of 2x2 + 3x + 4=0, form the equation whose roots are: 𝛼 2 and 𝛽2
(iii) Solve the following system of equation:
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
(4𝑥 − 3𝑦)(𝑥 − 𝑦 − 5) = 0
(iv) Let S={A, B,C,D}, where A={1}, B={1,2}, C={1,2,3} and D= Ø. Construct the multiplication Table to
show that ∩ and ∪ are binary operation on “S”.
(v) In how many ways can 3 books of Mathematics, 2 books of Physics and 2 books of Chemistry be
placed on a shelf so that the book on the same subject always remain together?
2 1 2.5 1 2.5.8 1
(vi) Identify the series as binomial expansion and find its sum 1 + 3 . 2 + 3.6 . 22 + 3.6.9 . 23 + ⋯
(vii) Prove the given proposition by the principle of mathematical induction:
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
12 + 22 + 32 + ⋯ + 𝑛2 =
6
(viii) Find 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛 and 𝒗 so that
4 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 6
[ ] = 3[ ]+[ ]
𝑧+𝑣 3 𝑧 𝑣 −1 2𝑣
(ix) If c be a quantity, so small that c3 may be neglected in comparing with 𝑙3, prove that
𝑙 𝑙 3𝑐 2
√ +√ =2+
𝑙+𝑐 𝑙−𝑐 4𝑙2
𝟐
(x) Let S = {1, 𝝎, 𝝎 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Construct a composition table with
respect to (.)and show that :
(a) (.) is binary operation on S.
(b) 1 is the identity element is S
TRIGONOMETRY
3.
(i) Express all trigonometric functions in terms of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃.
OR
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If 𝐶𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is positive, find the remaining trigonometric functions using the definition
of radian function 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1.
(ii) Prove any Two of the following:
1+𝑠𝑒𝑐θ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(a) 1−𝑠𝑒𝑐θ
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
(b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 – 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
3𝜃 5𝜃
(c) 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜃 – 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
(iii) A piece of plastic strip 1m long is bent to form an isosceles triangle with 95o as measure of its
largest angle. Find the length of the sides.
(iv) A belt 23.75 meters long passes around a 3.5 cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes two
1 1 1
(v) Prove That : 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 13 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 4 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3

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2 1 −1
4. (a) Find the inverse of A = [0 2 1 ] by the method of adjoint
5 2 −3
OR
By sing properties of determinants , express the following determinants in factorized form
1 1 1
|𝑎 𝑏 𝑐|
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑏
(b) If α and β are the roots of pt2 + qt + q=0, p≠0, q≠0 prove that: (2013) (7 marks)
q α β
√p + √β +√α = 0
512
5. (a) Which term of the sequence 27,18,12, . . . 𝑖𝑠 729 ?
(b) Prove that a, b, c are in A.P. G.P. or H.P. according to as. (2013) (5 marks)
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
= 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟
𝑏−𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
OR
Insert 4 Harmonic Means between 12 and 48⁄5
(c) Write in the simplified form the term involving x10 in the expansion of (2013) (5 marks)
1
(𝑥 2 − 3 )10
𝑥
6. (a) Prove that in any ∆ABC, 𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 = 𝑟𝑠 2

∆
(b) Prove that in any ∆ABC 𝑟 = 𝑠
OR
Draw the graph of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃, where –180 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 180.
(c)Find the general solution of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 1
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2012
|20|
(i) The length of latus rectum of parabola 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟒𝒂𝒚 is:
(a)4𝑎 (b)𝑎
(c)4 (d)|4𝑎|
(ii) The centre of the circle 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 = 𝟎 is:
(a)(0.0) (b)(−4,0)
(c)(8,0) (d)(−2,0)
(iii) If 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 𝒙, then dy=:
1 1
(a)𝑥 𝑙𝑛𝑎 𝑑𝑥 (b)𝑥 ln 𝑒 𝑑𝑥
1 1
(c)𝑥 ln 𝑎 𝑑𝑥 (d)𝑥 𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(iv) The necessary condition for f(x) to have extreme value is:
(a)𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 0 (b) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1

(c) 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 (d) 𝑓(𝑥) = 0
(v) If a line is perpendicular to y-axis then its equation is:
(a)𝑥 = 0 (b)𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

(c)𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d)𝑦 = 0
(vi) If 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝟑𝒙, then f’(x) is:

1 1
(a)1+9𝑥 2 (b) 9+𝑥 2
3 3
(c) 1+9𝑥 2 (d) 1+3𝑥 2
(vii) A function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 =:
(a)𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (b)𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

(c)𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (d)𝑛𝑒𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑛𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
(viii) ∫ 𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 𝒅𝒙:

(a) 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐 (b) 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐
(c) 𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐 (d) 𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐
(ix) The length of the tangent from the point (2,4) to the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓 = 𝟎 is:
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(a)5 (b)15
(c)√15 (d)√5
(x) If 𝒃𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 (𝒆𝟐 − 𝟏), then the conic is:
(a) 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎 (b)ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎

(c)𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 (d)𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒
(xi) ⃗ = ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
If 𝒂 𝑷𝟏 𝑷𝟐 , where P1(0,0,1) and P2(0,4,4) then|𝒂
⃗ |:
(a)4 (b)5
(c)25 (d)9
(xii) The line 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟓𝒚 + 𝟐 = 𝟎 is perpendicular to the line:
(a)5𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2 = 0 (b)5𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 3 = 0
(c)4𝑥 + 5𝑦 − 2 = 0 (d)−5𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 2 = 0
𝟒
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙
𝟓
(xiii) 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙
5 4
(a)4 (b)5
1 1
(c)4 (d)5
𝒇′ (𝒙)
(xiv) ∫ 𝒇(𝒙) 𝒅𝒙 =:
(a)𝑙𝑛𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑐 (b)𝑙𝑛𝑓 ′ (𝑥) + 𝑐

1 𝑓𝑛+1 (𝑥)
(c)𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑐 (d) +𝑐
𝑛+1
𝒅𝒚
(xv) If 𝒚 = 𝒍𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙, then 𝒅𝒙 =:
1
(a) (b)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
(c)𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 (d)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
(xvi) The distance between the foci of an ellipse 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟏 is:
2𝑎
(a) 𝑒 (b)2𝑎
2𝑏2
(c) 2𝑎𝑒 (d)
𝑎
(xvii) The point of the intersection of internal bisectors of the angles of triangle is called:
(a) 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 (b)𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑

(c)𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 (d)𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒
(xviii) Distance of the point (4,5) from the y-axis is:
(a)5 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 (b)4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

(c)9 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 (d)1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
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(xix) Two lines, represented by 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒉𝒙𝒚 + 𝒃𝒚𝟐 = 𝟎, are perpendicular to each other, if:
(a)𝑎 − 𝑏 = 0 (b)𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0
(c)𝑏 = 0 (d)𝑎 = 0
(xx) Area of triangle ABC, when A,B,C are collinear is:
(a)𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜 (b)𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒
(c)𝑛𝑒𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 (d)∞

ALGEBRA (35 MARKS)
|50|
2.
(i) Solve (𝑥 + 6)(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) + 56 = 0
(ii) Solve the following system of equations
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑦 2 = −25
(iii) By using the properties of determinants, Show that
𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 𝑎
| 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 |=x2(3a+x)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥
(iv) Let S = {1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Construct a composition table w.r.t.
multiplication on ¢ and show that:
 Associative law holds,
 1 is the identity
 Each element of S has an inverse of S
(v) Insert four Harmonic Means between 12 and 48⁄5
(vi) Two cards are drawn at random from a deck of well shuffled cards; find the probability that the
cards drawn are:
i- Both aces
ii- A king and a queen
(vii) Prove by the mathematical induction:
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
12 + 22 + 32 + . . . + 𝑛2 =
6
OR
23𝑛+2 − 28𝑛 − 4 is divisible by 49 ∀𝑛 ∈ N
(viii) Determine the value of k for which the roots of the following equation are equal:
𝑥 2 − 2(1 + 3𝑘)𝑥 + 7(3 + 2𝑘) = 0
(ix) If |x| < 1, prove that
3
√1+𝑥+ √(1−x)2 5
1+𝑥+ √1+𝑥
= 1- 6 𝑥 ; nearly
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TRIGONOMETRY
3.
1
(i) If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = (− 3) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is negative, find the remaining trigonometric functions using definition
of radian function.
(ii) If a point on the rim of a 21 cm diameter fly wheel travels 5040 meters in a minute, through how
(tanθ+sinθ)
(a) (cosecθ+cotθ)
= tanθsinθ
(b) 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 4𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃+Ф) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
(c) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛Ф OR − = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠Ф 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(iv) Draw the graph of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃, where –180 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 180.
1 1 1 𝜋
(v) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (3) + (2) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (7) = 8

|30|
4. (a) Solve the following system of equation by using the matrix method.
x+y=5
y+z=7
z+x=6
(b) If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are:
−1 −1
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽3 .
𝛼3
5. (a) Find the sum to 20 terms of an A.P. whose 4th term is 7 and 7th term is 13.
𝑝𝑞
(b) If the pth term of an H.P is q, and the qth term is p, prove that (p+q)th term is (𝑝+𝑞)
6. (a) Derive the Law of Tangent

OR
Solve the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3
(b) Prove that :
1 1 1 1 (𝑎2 +𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 )
+ + + =
𝑟 2 𝑟12 𝑟22 𝑟32 ∆2
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2011
|20|
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
(i) The distance between the foci of an ellipse 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 = 𝟏 is:
2𝑎
(a) 𝑒 (b)2𝑎
2𝑏2
(c) 2𝑎𝑒 (d) 𝑎
(ii) If n=-1 then ∫{𝒇(𝒙)}𝒏 . 𝒇𝟏 (𝒙) 𝒅𝒙 is equal to:
{𝑓(𝑥)}𝑛+1 {𝑓(𝑥)}𝑛+1
(a) 𝑛+1
+𝑐 (b) 𝑛
+𝑐
{𝑓(𝑥)}𝑛−1
(c) 𝑛−1
+𝑐 (d)𝑙𝑛𝑓(𝑥) + 𝑐
(iii) Which of the following circles passing through the origin?
(a)𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 7 = 0 (b) 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 9𝑥 + 11 = 0
(c) 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 11𝑦 = 0 (d) 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 + 11𝑦 + 19 = 0
(iv) ∫ 𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒙 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 is equal to:
(a) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 + 𝑐 (b) 𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐

(c) 𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐 (d)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐
(v) If a line is parallel to x-axis its equation is:
(a)𝑥 = 0 (b)𝑦 = 0
(c)𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d)𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
(vi) The vertex of parabola (𝒙 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟖(𝒙 + 𝟐) is:
(a)(0,0) (b)(0,1)
(c)(1, −2) (d)(2,0)
(vii) If 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 𝟐𝒙, then 𝒇′ (𝒙) is:
1 1
(a) (b)
1+𝑥 2 4+𝑥 2
1 2
(c) 1+4𝑥 2 (d) 1+4𝑥 2
(viii) If 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒙, then dy=:
(a)−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (b)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥
(c) −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝑥
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𝒙
(ix) A function 𝒇(𝒙) = |𝒙| , 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎:
(a)𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (b)𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

(c)𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
(x) If a straight line is parallel to y-axis then its slope is:
(a)1 (b)0
(c)−1 (d)∞
(xi) The angle between the pair of lines 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙𝒚 − 𝟑𝒚𝟐 = 𝟎 is:
(a)90° (b)45°
(c)0° (d)180°
𝟏
(xii) 𝐥𝐢𝐦(𝟏 + 𝒏)𝒏 :
𝒙→∞
(a)0 (b)1
(c)𝑒 (d)∞
𝒇(𝒙)−𝒇(𝒂)
(xiii) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 is equal to:
𝒙→𝒂 𝒙−𝒂
(a)𝑓′(𝑥) (b)𝑓′(𝑎)
(c)𝑓′(0) (d)𝑓′(1)
𝒅
(xiv) (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒙 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒙) is:
𝒅𝒙
(a)1 (b)2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
(c)−22𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 (d)0
𝒙𝒏 −𝒂𝒏
(xv) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 =
𝒙→𝒂 𝒙−𝒂
(a)1 (b)𝑛𝑎𝑛−1
(c)𝑛 (d)0
(xvi) If 𝒆 = 𝟏 then conic is:
(a)𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎 (b)ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑎
(c)𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 (d)𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑝𝑠𝑒
(xvii) The centre of the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟏𝟎𝒚 + 𝟑𝟑 = 𝟎:
(a)(−3,5) (b)(−3, −5)

(c)(3, −5) (d)(3,5)
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
(xviii) The vertex of hyperbola 𝟏𝟔 + 𝟒
= 𝟏 are:
(a)(±2,0) (b) (0, ±2)

(c) (±4,0) (d) (0, ±4)
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(xix) If 𝒂 ̅ any two vectors than (𝒂

̅ 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃 ̅ ) × (𝒂
̅−𝒃 ̅ ) is equal to:
̅+𝒃
(a)𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 (b) 𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅
(c)0 (d)2(𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅ )
(xx) ∫ 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝟎° 𝒅𝒙 is equal to:
−𝑐𝑜𝑠30°
(a)𝑐𝑜𝑠30° + 𝑐 (b) 30°
+𝑐
(c)0 (d)0.5𝑥 + 𝑐

ALGEBRA (35 MARKS)
|50|
2.
(i) Solve the complex equation (x + 3ί)2 = 2yί
(ii) Solve the following equation
1−x x 13
√ +√ =
x 1−x 6
(iii) Solve the following system of equation
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 169
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 13
(iv) Solve for x
−3
[−2 3 ]. [1 𝑥 5] . [ 1 ] = [2 −14]𝑡
4 −1 2 4 𝑥
0
(iv) Using the properties of determinants, Show that
1 1 1
|𝛼 𝛽 𝛾 | = (𝛼 − 𝛽)(𝛽 − 𝛾)(𝛾 − 𝛼)
𝛽𝛾 𝛾𝛼 𝛼𝛽
(v) Using the multiplication table show that multiplication (.) is a binary operation on S=
{1 , −1 , 𝑖 , −𝑖}, also show that (∙) is commutative in A.
𝑛
(vi) If 𝑛𝑃3 = 12 , 2 ; find n.
𝑃3
(vii) A word consist of 5 consonants and 4 vowels. Three letters are chosen at random. What is the
probability that more than one vowel will be selected?
(viii) Prove by the mathematical induction:
1
2 + 6 + 12+ . . . + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
3
(ix) Find the term independent of x in the expansion
1
(𝑥 − 2 )15
𝑥
OR
Show that:
1 1.3 1.3.5
√3 = 1+ 3 + 32.2! + 33.3! + . . .
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TRIGONOMETRY
3.
(i) If a point on the rim of a 21 cm diameter fly wheel travels 5040 meters in a minute, through how
3
(ii) If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = (4)and ρ(θ) is in the third quadrant. Find the remaining trigonometric functions by
using the definition of radian function.
(iii) Prove any two of the following:
(cotθ+cosecθ)
(a) (sinθ+tanθ)
= cosecθcotθ
(b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃 = 8𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 − 8𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 1
(c) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
𝑐𝑜𝑠7𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝜃
(iv) Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where –180 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 180.
(v) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 1 = 0

|30|
4. (a) Use Cramer’s rule to solve the following system of equations.
x+y-z=2
x + 2y + z = 7
3x – y + 2z = 12
OR
1 3 5
Find 𝐴−1 by adjoint method if A = [2 4 7]
9 8 6
(b) If α and β are the roots of x2 - 3x + 2 = 0, form the equation whose roots are:
(𝛼 + 𝛽)2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝛼 − 𝛽)2
5. (a) Find the sum to 20 terms of an A.P. whose 4th term is 7 and 7th term is 13.
512
(b) (i) Which term of the sequence 27,18,12, . . . 𝑖𝑠 729 ?
1 3
(ii) The 12th term of an H.P. is and the 19th term is find the 4th term.
5 22
6. (a) (i) Solve the triangle in which a = 5 cm, b = 10 cm, c = 13 cm

𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
(ii) Prove that ∆= 4𝑅𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2 2
(b) Derive the Law of Sines.
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Max. Marks: 100
Mathematics 2010
|20|
(i) If the sides of a triangle are 2,3 and 5 units, then s=:
(a)30 (b)25
(c)5 (d)10
(ii) If a,b,c are the sides of a triangle ABC, then ’r’ is:
𝑎𝑏𝑐 4∆
(a) (b)
4 𝑎𝑏𝑐
∆ 𝑎𝑏𝑐
(c)𝑠 (d) 4∆
(iii) The law of cosine when <B is in the standard position is
(a)𝑎2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝ (b) 𝑏2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑎𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽

(c) 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑐 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 − 𝑏2 + 2𝑎𝑐
(𝒏+𝟏)!
(iv) The value of (𝒏−𝟏)! Is:
(a)𝑛(𝑛 + 1) (b)(𝑛 + 1)!

𝑛+1
(c)𝑛(𝑛 + 1)! (d)(𝑛−1)
(v) The real and imaginary parts of 𝒊(𝟑 − 𝟐𝒊) are respectively:
(a)−2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 (b)2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3

(c)2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 (d)−3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2
(vi) The roots of the equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 are complex if 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 is:
(a)−𝑣𝑒 (b)+𝑣𝑒
(c)0 (d)𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑠𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒
(vii) If 𝝎 is the cube root of unity, then:
(a)0 (b)1
(c)𝜔 (d)𝜔2
(viii) For the equation 𝒑𝒙𝟐 + 𝒒𝒙 + 𝒓 = 𝟎, the sum of the root is:
𝑞 𝑞
(a)− 𝑝 (b)𝑝
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𝑝 𝑝
(c)𝑞 (d)− 𝑞
𝟏 𝟐
(ix) If the matrix [ ] is singular, the sum of root is:
𝟑 𝝀
1
(a) (b)6
6
(c)−6 (d)5
(x) If 4,a,16 are in G.P, the value of ‘a’ is:
(a)64 (b)±8
(c)±√8 (d) √8
(xi) The H.M between p and q is:
𝑝+𝑞 𝑝+𝑞
(a) 2
(b) 𝑝𝑞
2𝑝𝑞 𝑞
(c)𝑝+𝑞 (d)𝑝+𝑞
𝟓
(xii) The value of [ ] is:
𝟑, 𝟐
5
(a)10 (b)6
(c)1 (d)20
(xiii) The probability of getting the tail in a single toss of a coin is:
1 1
(a)3 (b)2
2
(c)3 (d)2
(xiv) The value of 𝟏𝟑𝑪𝟏𝟏 𝒊𝒔:
(a)77 (b)1!
(c)78 (d)13!
(xv) |𝑰𝟑 | equal to:
(a)−1 (b)0
(c)1 (d)3
(xvi) The number of terms in the binomial expansion of (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚)𝟗 is:
(a)9 (b)10
(c)11 (d)8
𝟏
(xvii) If 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝜽 = − 𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 is negative, 𝒑(𝜽) lies in this quadrant:
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(a)3𝑟𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (b)1𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

(c) 2𝑛𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d) 4𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡
(xviii) 𝐭𝐚𝐧(−𝜽) =
1
(a)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 (b)−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
1
(c)−𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 (d)
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃
(xix) The period of 𝜽 is:
3𝜋 𝜋
(a) 2 (b) 2
(c)2𝜋 (d)2
(xx) The distance between (𝟏, 𝟏) 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (𝟒, 𝟓) is:
(a)4 (b)3
(c)5 (d)2

ALGEBRA (35 MARKS)
|50|
2.
(i) Solve the complex equation (x , y)(2 , 3) = (-4 , 7)
(ii) If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 , find the value of 𝛼 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽3 .
3
(iii) If {1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 } are the cube roots of unity, prove that 2 + 𝜔2 = 2+𝜔.
(iv) Solve
𝑥+𝑦 =5
3 2
+ =2
𝑥 𝑦
(v) Solve
1 1 1
| 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 | = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)
𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑐 2
(vi) Verify that :
[ Sin 𝜃 − cos 𝜃 ] [ sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 ] = [1 0]
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 0 1
(vii) Using the multiplication table, show that multiplication is a binary operation on S = {1 , −1 , 𝑖 , −𝑖}
. Also show that (∙) is commutative in A.
(viii) If the sum of the 8 terms of an A.P. is 64 and that of 19 terms is 361; find the sum of 31 terms.
(ix) Prove by the mathematical induction:
(x) Show that:
3 1 1.3 1.3.5
√4 − 1= 4 + 4.6
+
4.6.8
+ . . .,
OR
Find the first negative term in the expansion of:
3𝑥 9
(1 + )2
2
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TRIGONOMETRY
NOTE: Attempt 3 part questions from this section.
3.
1
(i) If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ( ), find the remaining trigonometric functions when ‘θ’ lies in the third quadrant.
2
(ii) A belt 24.75 meters long passes around a 3.5 cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes two
(iii) Prove any two of the following:
i- 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃 – 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
ii- 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=2
𝜃 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
iii- 𝑡𝑎𝑛 =
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(iv) Draw the graph of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2x, where –𝜋 ≤ x ≤ 𝜋.
OR
Show that the point (2,1), (5,1) (2,6) are the vertices of a right – angled triangle
(v) Without using a calculator and table, verify that
1 1 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
13 4 3

|30|
4. (a) Insert 4 harmonic means between 12 and 48⁄5
(b) Using the Adjoint method to solve the given equation
2x – y +2z = 4
x + 10y – 3z = 10
x–y–z=6
5. (a) In how many distinct ways can the letters of the word INTELLIGENCE be arranged?
(b) A father has 8 children. He takes them three at a time to the zoo as often as he can without taking the
same 3 children more than once. How often will he go, and how often will each child to go?
6. (a) Derive the Law of Cosine.

OR
∆
Prove that 𝑟2 = where all the letters have their usual meanings
𝑠−𝑏
(b) (i) Show that in any ∆ABC, (2010) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1
2+ 2+ 2 = 2
𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 𝑟
(ii) Solve the ∆ABC in which a = 5 cm, b = 10 cm, c = 13 cm
OR
Solve the equation for all values of
2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 − 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 2 = 0
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TOPIC WISE
PAST PAPER QUESTIONS OF KARACHI BOARD
Chapter 01: Sets
Chapter 01: Sets
Q- Let A = {2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, C = {4, 5}, find A × (B U C).
(2008) (3 marks)
Q- If A = {2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, C = {c, f} and U= {2, 3, 4, c, f}, find (A × B) ∪ (A x C) and B’-A’.
(2008) (3 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 02: Real and Complex Number System
Chapter 02: Real and Complex Number System
Q- Solve the complex equation for x and y, (x + 2yί)2 = xί
(2018) ( 5marks )
Q- Solve the complex equation for x and y:
(2018) (5 marks)
𝑥(1 + 2𝑖) + 𝑦(3 + 5𝑖) = −3𝑖
1+2ί 2 𝑖−2
Q- Verify that: + =
3−4ί 5 5ί
(2016) (5marks)
Q- Solve the complex equation (x , y)(2 , 3) = (-4 , 7)
(2015/2010) ( 5marks )
Q- Solve the complex equation (x + 3ί)2 = 2yί
(2011) (5marks)
Q-Evaluate
(2008) (5marks)
a) |5z1 - 4z2|
b) (𝑧̅1 )2
𝑧
c) 𝑧1
2
where z1 = 1 + ί and z2 = 3 - 2ί.
EXERCISE 2.3
Q- Separate into real and imaginary parts and find the multiplicative inverse
√2 + 𝑖
√2 − 𝑖
(2017) (5marks)
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 03: Equations
Chapter 03: Equations
EXERCISE 3.3
Q- Find all the cube roots of -64

(2006/2001) (5 marks)
Q- Find the cube roots of -8 in terms of 𝜔.
(2017) (5 marks)
2 2 3
Q- If {1, 𝜔, 𝜔 } are the cube roots of unity, prove that 2 + 𝜔 = .
2+𝜔
(2010) (5 marks)
Q- Prove that the roots of -125 are -5. -5𝜔 and 𝜔2 and their sum is zero.
(2015) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 3.4
Q- Solve the following equation

(2014) (5 marks)
x4 + x3 – 4x2 + x + 1= 0
(2018/2015) (5 marks)
1 2 1
(𝑥 + ) = 4(𝑥 − )
𝑥 𝑥
(2016/2008) (5 marks)
𝑦−2 𝑦+2 34
𝑦+2
+ 𝑦−2
= 15
(2013) (5 marks)
x + 16 x 25
√ + √x + 16 = 12
x

(2011) (5 marks)
1−x x 13
√ +√ =
x 1−x 6
(2012) (5 marks)
(𝑥 + 6)(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) + 56 = 0
Q- Solve the equation
𝑦 4 + 3𝑦 3 + 4𝑦 2 + 3𝑦 + 1 = 0
EXERCISE 3.5
Q- Determine the value of k in each of the following equations that will make the roots equal:
(2014/2009) (5 marks)
(k + 1) x2 + 2(k + 3)x + (2k + 3) = 0 provided k ≠ 1.
1
Q- Prove that the roots of the equation 𝑦 2 − 2(𝑚 + 𝑚)𝑦 + 3 = 0 ,∀ m ε R are real.
(2015/2013) (5 marks)
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Q- For what values of a and b will both roots of the equation x2+ (2a-4)x = 3b+5, vanish?
(2016) (5 marks)
Q- Determine the value of m in the equation that will make the roots equal:
(2018) (5 marks)
(m + 1)y2 + 2(m + 3)y + (2m + 3) = 0
Q- Determine the value of k for which the roots of the following equation are equal:
(2012) (5 marks)
𝑥 2 − 2(1 + 3𝑘)𝑥 + 7(3 + 2𝑘) = 0
Q- Prove that the roots of the equation 𝑝𝑞𝑟 2 + 𝑟(3𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 )𝑥 + 3𝑝2 − 𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 = 0 are rational.
(2017) (4 marks)
EXERCISE 3.6
Q- If α and β are the roots of pt2 + qt + q=0, p≠0, q≠0 prove that:
(2013) (7 marks)
q α β
√p + √β +√α = 0
Q- If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are α+2,β+2.
(2016) (7 marks)
Q- If α and β are the roots of px2+qx+r=0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are:
(2015/2012) (7 marks)
−1 −1
,
𝛼3 𝛽 3
Q- If α and β are the roots of y2 - 2y + 3 = 0, form the equation whose roots are:
(2014) (7 marks)
1 1
, 𝛽2
𝛼2
Q- If α and β are the roots of 2x2 + 3x + 4=0, form the equation whose roots are:
(2013) (5 marks)
𝛼 2 , 𝛽2
Q- If α and β are the roots of x2 - 3x + 2 = 0, form the equation whose roots are:
(2011) (7 marks)
2 2
(𝛼 + 𝛽) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝛼 − 𝛽)
Q- If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 , find the value of 𝛼 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽3 .
(2010) (5 marks)
Q- If α and β are the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, form the equation whose roots are:
(2009) (7 marks)
𝜶+𝟏 𝜷+𝟏
𝜶
, 𝜷
.
Q- If α and β are the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are:
(2012) (7 marks)
−1 −1
𝑎𝑛𝑑 .
𝛼3 𝛽3
Q- If α and β are the roots of px2+qx+r=0, p≠0 form the equation whose roots are:
(2017) (5 marks)
2α + 1 and 2β + 1
EXERCISE 3.7
Q- The area of a square is numerically less than twice the diagonal by 2. Find its perimeter.
(2017) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 3.8
Q- Solve and check:
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(2017/2016) (5 marks)
𝑦+𝑧=5
𝑦 2 + 2𝑧 2 = 17
Q- Solve the following system of equation:

(2013) (5 marks)
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
(4𝑥 − 3𝑦)(𝑥 − 𝑦 − 5) = 0
Q- Solve the following system of equation

(2009) (5 marks)
4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 25
4 3
+ =2
𝑥 𝑦
Q- Solve
(2010) (5 marks)
𝑥+𝑦 =5
3 2
+ =2
𝑥 𝑦

(2011) (5 marks)
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 169
𝑥 − 𝑦 = 13

(2014) (5 marks)
𝑥𝑦 + 15 = 0
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 34
Q- Solve and check:

(2018) (5 marks)
𝑦𝑧 + 15 = 0
𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 34 = 0
Q- Solve the system of equation:

(2015) (5 marks)
4𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 = 5
Q- Solve the following system of equations

(2012) (5 marks)
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑦 2 = −25
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 04: Introduction to Matrices and Determinants
Chapter 04: Introduction to Matrices and Determinants
EXERCISE 4.1
Q- Solve for x
−3
[−2 3 ]. [1 𝑥 5] . [ 1 ] = [2 −14]𝑡
4 −1 2 4 𝑥
0
(2016/2011/2009) (5 marks)
Q- Perform the matrix multiplication.
𝑎 ℎ 𝑔 𝑥
[ 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 ] [ℎ 𝑏 𝑓 ] [𝑦 ]
𝑔 𝑓 𝑐 𝑧
(2002) (5 marks)
Q- Find 𝒙, 𝒚, 𝒛 and 𝒗 so that

4 𝑥+𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
]+[ 𝑥
6]
[ ] = 3[
𝑧+𝑣 3 𝑧 𝑣 −1 2𝑣
(2015/2013) (5 marks)
sin 𝜃 − cos 𝜃 ] sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 ],

Q- If A = [ and B = [ then verify that AB = BA = I2
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
(2018) ( 5 marks)
−2 1 0 2 1 −1
Q- Let A= [−1 4 3] and X= [−3 2 −4] . find a matrix B, if A - 3B = 2X
0 8 5 0 4 5
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- Verify that :
[ sin 𝜃 − cos 𝜃 ] [ sin 𝜃
cos 𝜃 ] [1 0]
=
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 0 1
(2010) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 4.2
Q- Show that
(2011) (5 marks)
1 1 1
|𝛼 𝛽 𝛾 | = (𝛼 − 𝛽)(𝛽 − 𝛾)(𝛾 − 𝛼)
𝛽𝛾 𝛾𝛼 𝛼𝛽
Q- Show that
(2016/2015/2014/2012/2008) (5 marks)
𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 𝑎
| 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎 |=x2(3a+x)
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+𝑥
Q- Solve
(2002/2004) (5 marks)
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1 a b
| 1 x b| = 0
1 c x
Q- Solve
(2010) (5 marks)
1 1 1
|𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 | = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑏 − 𝑐)(𝑐 − 𝑎)
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
Q- Show that
(2007) (5 marks)
1 1 1
|𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 | = (𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑦 − 𝑧)(𝑧 − 𝑥)
𝑦𝑧 𝑥𝑧 𝑥𝑦
Q- Evaluate using properties

(2005) (5 marks)
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2𝑧 𝑦 𝑥
| 𝑧 𝑦 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 2𝑥|
𝑧 𝑧 + 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑥
Q- By sing properties of determinants , express the following determinants in factorized form

(2013) (5 marks)
1 1 1
|𝑎 𝑏 𝑐|
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑏
Q- Using properties of determinants , show that

(2018) (5 marks)
1 𝑥 𝑦𝑧 1 1 1
| 1 𝑦 𝑧𝑥 |=| 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧|
1 𝑧 𝑥𝑦 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2
Q- Prove that:
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
| 𝑎 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 2𝑎 𝑎 |= 2(a+b+c)3
𝑏 𝑏 𝑐 + 𝑎 + 2𝑏
(2017) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 4.3
Q- Find the value of  for which the following matrix becomes Singular:
(2014) (5 marks)
5 8 2
[0 λ 2]
9 −8 4
EXERCISE 4.4
Q- Use Cramer’s or Matrix rule to solve the following system of equations
Q- Use Matrix method to solve the following systems of equations.

(2016) (7 marks)
x + 2y + z = 8
2x – y + z = 3
x + y – z = 0.
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(2015/2014/2012/2009) (7 marks)
x+
y+z=7
z+x=6
2 1 −1
Q- Find the inverse of A = [0 2 1 ]
5 2 −3
(2013) (8marks)
by the method of adjoint
Q- Use Cramer’s rule to solve the following system of equations.

(2011) (7 marks)
x+y-z=2
x + 2y + z = 7
3x – y + 2z = 12
1 3 5
Q- Find 𝐴−1 by adjoint method if A = [2 4 7]
9 8 6
(2011) (7 marks)
Q- Use the adjoint method to solve the given equations
(2010/2006) (7 marks)
2x – y +2z = 4
x + 10y – 3z = 10
x – y – z =6
Q- Find the inverse of

(2008) (6 marks)
2 2 3
B = [ 1 −1 0] , by the method of adjoint
−1 2 1
Q- Find the inverse of

(2007) (6 marks)
2 1 −1
A= [0 2 1 ] by the method of matrix/adjoint/Inverse.
5 2 −3
Q- Use Cramer’s rule to solve the following system of equations

(2018) (5 marks)
Q- Solve by matrix method
x+y+z=d
x +(1 + d)y + z = 2d
x + y + (1 + d) z = 0 (d ≠ 0)
(2017) (7 marks)
x+y+z=2
2x – y – z = 1
x – 2y – 3x = -3
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 05: Groups
Chapter 05: Groups
EXERCISE 5.1
Q- If 𝑨 = {1 , −1 , 𝑖 , −𝑖} construct the multiplication for complex numbers multiplication (∙) in A, also show
that (∙) is commutative in A.
(2015/2014/2011/2010/2007/2003) (5 marks)
Q- Define a binary operation * in Q by

(2002) (5 marks)
2
Q- Let S = {1, 𝜔, 𝜔 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Construct a composition table w.r.t.
multiplication on ¢ and show that
(2012/2004) (5 marks)
a) Associative law holds,
b) 1 is the identity
c) Each element of S has an inverse of S
a*b = 4a.b, a ,b ∈ Q where “.” represent ordinary multiplication.
Show that:
a) is commutative.
b) is associative
1
c) 4
is the identity element w.r.t*
1 3
d) 12
is the inverse of 4 under *
Q- Let S={A, B,C,D}, where A={1}, B={1,2}, C={1,2,3} and D= Ø. Construct the multiplication Table to show
that ∩ and ∪ are binary operation on “S”
(2013) (5 marks)
Q- Let ⋆ be defined in Z, the set of all integers, as p ⋆ q = p + q + 𝟑 for all p , q ∈ 𝑍
(2016) (5 marks)
Show that:
(a) ⋆ is commutative in Z
(b) Identity w.r.t. * exists in ℤ.
Q- Let G = {1, 𝝎, 𝝎𝟐 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Show that (G, ∙) is an abelian group, where
′ ∙ ′ is an ordinary multiplication.
(2018) (5 marks)
Q- By drawing composition table , show that (S , *) is a groupoid if S = {2,4,6,8} and * is defined on S by
x*y = 4 ∀ 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑆.
(2017) (5 marks)
𝟐
Q- Let G = {1, 𝝎, 𝝎 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Construct a composition table with respect
to multiplication on C and show that :
(2012) (5 marks)
a) Associative law holds in ‘S’
b) 1 is identity element in ‘S’
c) Each element of ‘S’ has its inverse in ‘S’
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Q- Let S = {1, 𝝎, 𝝎𝟐 }, 𝜔 being a complex cube root of unity. Construct a composition table with respect
to (.)and show that :
(2013) (5 marks)
a) (.) is binary operation on S.
b) 1 is the identity element is S
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 06: Sequences and Series
Chapter 06: Sequences and Series
EXERCISE 6.1
Q- Show the sum of the (p + q)th term and the (p - q)th term of an A.P, is equal to twice the pth term.
(2009) (5 marks)
Q- If u,v,x,y,z are in A.P , prove that u+z = v+y = 2x
(2017) (5 marks)
𝑡ℎ
Q- The pth term of an A.P is q and the qth term is p. Find the (p + q) term. (EXAMPLE 6 from book)
(2015) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.2
Q- If the sum of the 8 terms of an A.P. is 64 and that of 19 terms is 361; find the first term, common
difference and the sum of 31 terms.
(2014/2010) (7 marks)
Q- Find the sum to 20 terms of an A.P. whose 4th term is 7 and 7th term is 13.
(2012/2011) (7 marks)
1+3+ 5+⋯.𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
Q- If 2+4+ 6+⋯𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 0.95, find ‘n’
(2014) (5 marks)
Q- Find the sum of an A.P. of nineteen terms whose middle term is 10.
(2018) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.3
Q- Find the value of n so that .

(2004) (5 marks)
𝐧+𝟏 𝐧+𝟏
𝐚 + 𝐛
𝒂𝒏 + 𝒃𝒏
May become the A.M between a and b
Q- The sum of four numbers in A.P. is 4 and the sum of the first and the last and the two middle terms is
-38, find the A.P.
(2014) (5 marks)
Q- The base of a right-angled triangle is 10 cm, and the sides of the triangle are in A.P.; find the
hypotenuse.
(2016) (7 marks)
Q- Divide 600 biscuits among 5 boys so that their shares are in A.P, and the two smallest Shares together
make one-seventh of what the other three boys get.
(2018) (8 marks)
Q- If n A.M’s are inserted between 20 and 80 and the ratio of the first and the last means is 1:3 ; find n
(2017) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.4
512
Q- Which term of the sequence 27,18,12, . . . 𝑖𝑠 729 ?
(2015,2014,2013,2011) (5 marks)
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9 243
Q- Find the G.P. whose third term is and whose sixth term is .
4 32
(2007) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.6
Q- Show that 51⁄2 . 51⁄4 . 51⁄8 . . . = 5.

(2016) (5 marks)
Q- Find the first term of a G.P whose second term is 3 and sum to infinity is 12. (example 2)
(2018) (5 marks)
Q- Determine the sum of an infinite decreasing geometric series, if it is known that the sum of its first
and fourth terms is equal to 54, and the sum of the second and third terms, is 36.
(2017) (8 marks)
Q- Express the value of the recurring decimal 0.42̇3̇
(2009) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.7
Q- Find two G.M’s between 2 and -16

(2014) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 6.8
Q- Find the 17th term of an H.P. whose first two terms are 6 and 8.
(2015/2008) (5 marks)
1 3
Q- The 12th term of an H.P. is 5 and the 19th term is 22 find the 4th term.
(2011/2017) (5 marks)
48
Q- Insert four H.M.’s between 12 and .
5
(2013/2012/2010) (5 marks)
𝑝𝑞
Q- If The pth term of an H.P. is q and the qth term is p. Prove that the (p+q) th term is 𝑝+𝑞.
(2012) (7 marks)
𝑎 𝑛+1 + 𝑏𝑛+1
Q- Find the value of ‘n’ so that may become the H.M between ‘a’ and ‘b’.
(2018/2014) (5 marks)
Q- If the roots of the equation 𝑝(𝑞 − 𝑟)𝑥 2 + 𝑞(𝑟 − 𝑝)𝑥 + 𝑟(𝑝 − 𝑞) = 0 are equal, prove that p,q,r are in
H.P.
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- Which term of the H.P 6 ,2 , 6/5 … is equal to 2/33?
(2016) (5 marks)
Q- In an H.P., the 10th term is 35 and the 34th term is 25. If the last term is 2, find the number of terms.
(2018) (8 marks)
𝑝𝑞
Q- If the pth term of an H.P is q, and the qth term is p, prove that (p+q)th term is
(𝑝+𝑞)
(2012/2009) (4 marks)
EXERCISE 6.9
Q- Prove that a, b, c are in A.P. G.P. or H.P. according to as.

(2013) (5 marks)
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
𝑏−𝑐
= 𝑎
𝑜𝑟 𝑏
𝑜𝑟 𝑐
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 07: Permutations, Combinations and Introduction to Probability
Chapter 07: Permutations, Combinations and Introduction to
Probability
EXERCISE 7.2
Q- In how many ways can 3 English, 2 Urdu and 2 Sindhi books be arranged on a shelf so as to keep all the
books in each language together?
(2015/2009) (5 marks)
Q- In how many distinct ways the letters of the word INTELLIGENCE is arranged?
(2010) (7 marks)
Q- In how many ways can 3 Chemistry, 2 Physics and 2 Mathematics books be arranged on a shelf so as to
keep all the books in each language together?
(2013) (5 marks)
Q- In how many distinct ways can the letter if the word PAKPATTAN be arranged?
(2014) (5 marks)
Q- In how many ways can 3 books of Mathematics, 2 books of Physics and 2 books of Chemistry be placed
on a shelf so that the book on the same subject always remain together?
(2013) (5 marks)
𝑛
Q- If 𝑛𝑃3 = 12 , 2 ; find n.
𝑃3
(2011) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 7.3
Q- Find n if nP4 = 24 nC5

(2015/2016) (5 marks)
Q- How many words can be formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants out of 4 vowels and 7 consonants?
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- In how many ways can a party of 5 students and 2 teachers be formed out of 15 students and 5
teachers?
(2018) (5 marks) (example question)
EXERCISE 7.4
Q- A father has 8 children. He takes them three at a time to the zoo as often as he can without taking the
same 3 children more than once. How often will he go, and how often will each child to go?
(2010) (8 marks)
Q- If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of obtaining atleast one head?
(2016) (5 marks)
Q- A word consist of 5 consonants and 4 vowels. Three letters are chosen at random. What is the
(2011) (5 marks)
Q- If three books are picked at random from a shelf containing 3 novels, 4 books of novel, and a dictionary,
what is the probability that
(2018) (5 marks)
iii- The dictionary is selected?
iv- One novel and 2 books of poems are selected
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EXERCISE 7.5
33 39
Q- The probability that a student passes Mathematics is 60 and the probability that he passed Physics is 60.
51
If the probability of passing at least one course is , what is the probability that he will pass both the
60
courses?
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- Two cards are drawn at random from a deck of well shuffled cards; find the probability that the cards
drawn are:
(2012) (5 marks)
iii- Both aces
iv- A king and a queen
Q- The probability that a man has a T.V. is 0.6, a V.C.R. is 0.2, and a T.V. and V.C.R. both is 0.04. What is
the probability that a man has either a T.V. or V.C.R.?
(2009) (5 marks)
ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS
EXERCISE 7.1
Q- There are 53 Students taking Mathematics or Physics or both, 38 Students taking Mathematics and 40
Students taking Physics
i- How many Students are taking both Mathematics and Physics?
ii- How many Students are taking Mathematics but not Physics?
iii- How many Students are taking Physics but not Mathematics?
EXERCISE 7.2
Q- In how many ways can 3 English, 2 Urdu and 2 Sindhi books be arranged on a shelf so as to keep all the
books in each language together?
Q- In how many distinct ways the letters of the word INTELLIGENCE is arranged?
Q- In how many ways can 3 Chemistry, 2 Physics and 2 Mathematics books be arranged on a shelf so as to
keep all the books in each language together?
Q- In how many distinct ways can the letter if the word PAKPATTAN be arranged?
Q- In how many ways can 3 books of Mathematics, 2 books of Physics and 2 books of Chemistry be placed
on a shelf so that the book on the same subject always remain together?
𝑛
Q- If 𝑛𝑃3 = 12 , 2 ; find n.
𝑃3
EXERCISE 7.3
Q- Find n if nP4 = 24 nC5

Q- How many words can be formed by 2 vowels and 3 consonants out of 4 vowels and 7 consonants?
Q- In how many ways can a party of 5 students and 2 teachers be formed out of 15 students and 5
teachers?
EXERCISE 7.4
Q- If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability of obtaining

i- atleast one head
ii- atleast two heads
iii- no heads no tails
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iv- all heads

Q- A die is rolled once. Find the probability of getting:
i- a number 4
ii- a number > 4
iii- a number < 9
Q- A word consist of 5 consonants and 4 vowels. Three letters are chosen at random. What is the
(2011) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 7.5
33 39
Q- The probability that a student passes Mathematics is and the probability that he passed Physics is .
60 60
51
If the probability of passing at least one course is 60, what is the probability that he will pass both the
courses?
Q- Two cards are drawn at random from a deck of well shuffled cards; find the probability that the cards
drawn are:
i- Both aces
ii- A king and a queen
Q- A drawer contains 50 bolts and 150 nuts. Half of the bolts and half of the nuts are rusted. If one item is
chosen at random, what is the probability that it is either rusted or is a bolt?
11
Q- The probability that a Student passes Mathematics is 20, and the probability that he passes Physics is
13 17
. If the probability of passing atleast one course is 20, what is the probability that he will pass both the
20
courses?
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem
Chapter 08: Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem
EXERCISE 8.1
Q- Prove by the mathematical induction:
(2016/2011/2009) (5 marks)
1
2 + 6 + 12+ . . . + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)
3
(2013/2012) (5 marks)
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
12 + 22 + 32 + . . . + 𝑛2 =
6
(2015) (5 marks)
23 + 43 + 63 + …………. + (2n)3= 2[n(n+1)]2
(2018) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1 𝑛
+ + +⋯+ =
1.2 2.3 3.4 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 𝑛 + 1
(2014/2010) (5 marks)
(2017) (5 marks)
1 + 5 + 9 + ⋯ + (4𝑛 − 3) = 𝑛(2𝑛 − 1)
Q- Prove by mathematical induction:
(2017) (5 marks)
𝑛+2 2𝑛+1
11 + 12 is divisible by 133 for all integral values of 𝑛 ≥ 0
Q- Prove by mathematical induction:
(2012) (5 marks)
23𝑛+2 − 28𝑛 − 4 is divisible by 49 ∀𝑛 ∈ N
EXERCISE 8.2
Q- Find the sum of the series
(2016) (5 marks)
2 2 2 2
11 + 12 + 13 + . . . + 20
Q- Find the sum of the series
(2018) (5 marks)
2 2 2 2
21 + 22 + 23 + . . . + 50
EXERCISE 8.3
Q- Write in the simplified form, the term independent of 𝑥 in.
(2016/2014) (5 marks)
1 9
(2𝑥 + )
3𝑥 2
Q- Write in the simplified form, the term independent of 𝑥 in.
(2015) (5 marks)
2
4𝑥 3 9
( − )
3 2𝑥
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Q- Obtain in the simplified form the term involving x10 in the expansion of
(2013) (5 marks)
1
(𝑥 2 − 3 )10
𝑥
Q- Find the term independent of x in the expansion
(2011/2009) (5 marks)
1
(𝑥 − 2 )15
𝑥
EXERCISE 8.4
Q- Find the first negative term in the expansion of:

(2012/2008) (5 marks)
5
(1 + 2𝑥)2
Q- Find the first negative term in the expansion of:
(2010) (5 marks)
3𝑥 13
(1 + ) 2
2
EXERCISE 8.5
Q- If c be a quantity, so small that c3 may be neglected in comparing with 𝑙3, prove that
(2015/ 2013/ 2009) (7 marks)
𝑙 𝑙 3𝑐 2
√ + √𝑙−𝑐 = 2 + 4𝑙2
𝑙+𝑐
Q- Show that:
(2014/2010) (5 marks)
3 1 1.3 1.3.5
√4 − 1= 4 + 4.6
+
4.6.8
+ . . .,
3 3.5 3.5.7
Q- If 𝑦 = 4 + 4.8 + 4.8.12 + ⋯ prove that 𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 − 7 = 0
(2009) (8 marks)
Q- Show that:
(2011) (5 marks)
1 1.3 1.3.5
√3 = 1+ 3 + 32.2! + 33.3! + . . .
Q- Show that:
(2016) (7 marks)
3 3.5 3.5.7
2√2 = 1+ + + +⋯
4 4.8 4.8.12
Q- If |x| < 1, prove that
(2012) (5 marks)
3
√1+𝑥+ √(1−x)2 5
= 1- 𝑥 ; nearly
1+𝑥+ √1+𝑥 6
Q- If |x| < 1, prove that
(2014) (5 marks)
2⁄
√1+𝑥+(1−x) 3 5
1+𝑥+ √1+𝑥
= 11- 6 𝑥 ; nearly
Q- Show that:
(2018) (7 marks)
1 1.3 1.3.5
√2 = 1+ 22 + 24.2! + 26.3! + . . .
Q- Identify the following series as binomial expansion and find their sums:
(2017) (7 marks)
3 3.5 3.5.7
1− + − +. … ..
4 4.8 4.8.12
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2 1 2.5 1 2.5.8 1
Q- Identify the series as binomial expansion and find its sum 1 + . + . + . +⋯
3 2 3.6 22 3.6.9 23
(2013) (5 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry
Chapter 09: Fundamentals of Trigonometry
EXERCISE 9.1
Q- How far does a boy on a bicycle travel in 10 revolutions if the diameters of the wheels of his bicycle
each equals to 56 cm?
(2017/2015) (5 marks)
Q- If a point on the rim of a 21 cm diameter fly wheel travels 5040 meters in a minute, through how
(2014/2012/2011/2009) (5 marks)
Q- A belt 23.75 meters long passes around a 3.5 cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes two complete
revolutions in a minute. How many radians does the wheel turn in one second?
(2018/2013/2010) (5 marks)
Q- A man observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain measures 45° from a point on
the ground. On walking 100 metres away from the point, the angleof elevation measures 43.45°. Find
the height of the mountain.
(2015) (4 marks)
EXERCISE 9.2
Q- By using the definition of radian function, if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0.6 and 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is negative, find the remaining
trigonometric functions.
(2018) (8 marks)
−2
Q- By using definition of radian function, find the remaining trigonometric functions if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = and
3
𝑝(𝜃) is in the third quadrant.
(2017) (8 marks)
Q- Using the definition of radian function, find the remaining trigonometric functions, if 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
1
( ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is positive.
2
(2015) (5 marks)
1
Q- If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = (− ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is negative, find the remaining trigonometric functions using definition of
3
radian function.
(2012) (5 marks)
Q- If 𝐶𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is positive, find the remaining trigonometric functions using the definition of
radian function 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1.
(2013) (5 marks)
3
Q- If 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = (− ) and 𝜌(𝜃) is in the fourth quadrant, then find the remaining trigonometric
2
functions using the definition of radian function with 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1.
(2014) (5 marks)
3
Q- If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ( )and ρ(θ) is in the third quadrant. Find the remaining trigonometric functions by using
4
the definition of radian function.
(2011) (5 marks)
1
Q- If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = (2), find the remaining trigonometric functions when ‘θ’ lies in the third quadrant.
(2010) (5 marks)
Q- 3
If 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ⁄4 and sin θ is positive, find the remaining trigonometric functions, using the definition of
radian function.
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(2016) (5 marks)
Q- Using the definition of radian function, find the value of the remaining trigonometric functions if 𝑐𝑜𝑠
−3
θ= and 𝑝(θ) is in the third quadrant.
5
(2009) (5 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities
Chapter 10: Trigonometric Identities
EXERCISE 10.1
Q- Prove that:
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
i- √
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
(2018) (3.5 marks)

2 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
ii- (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃) =
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(2017) (3.5 marks)

6 6 2 2
iii- Sin θ + cos θ = 1 − 3sin θcos θ.
(2016) (2.5 marks)
(cotθ+cosecθ)
iv- (sinθ+tanθ)
= cosecθcotθ
(2016/2015/2011) (2.5 marks)
(tanθ+sinθ)
v- (cosecθ+cotθ)
= tanθsinθ
(2012) (2.5 marks)
1 1 2
vi- (1−sinθ)
+
(1+sinθ)
= 2se𝑐 θ
(2014/2009) (2.5 marks)
1+𝑠𝑒𝑐θ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
vii- 1−𝑠𝑒𝑐θ
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
(2013) (2.5 marks) (example 2)
Q- Express all trigonometric functions in terms of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃.
(2013) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 10.2
√3 1
Q- If sin𝛼 = 2
and cosβ = and both p(α) and p(β) are in the first quadrant, find the values of tan(𝛼 +
√2
𝛽)
(2015) (5 marks)
Q- Prove that:
i- 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 + Ф)𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − Ф) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 – 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 Ф
(2017/2009) (3.5 marks)
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝜃+Ф)
ii- 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠Ф
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛Ф
(2015/2012) (2.5 marks)
iii- tan𝟓𝟕𝟎 0 0
= 𝟑cos3 − sin3 cos3 + 3sin3 0 0
(2014) (2.5 marks)

cotαcotβ−1
iv- cot(α + β) = cotα+cotβ
(2015) (2.5 marks) (example)
EXERCISE 10.3
Q- Prove that:
i- 𝑐𝑜𝑠7𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝜃
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
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(2018/2011) (3.5 marks)

ii- 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
−
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
(2018/2016/2012) (3.5 marks)
iii- 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 4𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(2017/2012) (3.5 marks)
iv- 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃 = 8𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 − 8𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 1
(2011/2009) (2.5 marks)
3𝜃 5𝜃
v- 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜃 – 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
(2013) (2.5 marks)
vi- 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
(2016/2012) (2.5 marks)
3
vii- 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 – 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(2014/2013/2012/2010) (2.5 marks)
viii- 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=2
(2010) (2.5 marks)
𝜃 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
ix- 𝑡𝑎𝑛
2
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
(2010) (2.5 marks) (example)
Q- If 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜶 = 𝟑 /𝟐 and 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜷 = 𝟏/ 𝟐, both (𝜶) and (𝜷) lie in the first quadrant, find the value of 𝒕𝒂𝒏 (𝜶 +
𝜷).
(2015) (5 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
Chapter 11: Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
EXERCISE 11.1
Q- Show that 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is a periodic function of period 𝛑.

(2018) (5 marks)
Q- Show that 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is a periodic function of period 2𝛑
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- Find the period of the function 𝑡𝑎𝑛4𝑥.
(2016) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 11.2
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋.

(2018) (5 marks)
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑦 = sin(−𝑥), –𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋
(2017) (5 marks)
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃, where –𝜋 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋.
(2013/2012/2010) (5 marks)
𝜋
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2 .
(2009) (5 marks)
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where –𝜋 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋.
(2014/2011) (5 marks)
Q- Draw the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, where 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋
(2016/2015) (5 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
EXERCISE 12.1
Q- A man observes that the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain measures 45o from a point on the
ground. On walking 100m away from the point, the angle of elevation measures 43.45o. Find the height
of the mountain.
(2015) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 12.2
Q- A piece of plastic strip 1m long is bent to form an isosceles triangle with 95o as measure of its largest
angle. Find the length of the sides.
(2013) (5 marks)
Q- Solve the following triangle:
i- α = 30o, β = 40o, a = 10cm
(2015) (5 marks)
ii- a = 5 cm, b = 10 cm, c = 13 cm
(2011/2010) (5 marks)
iii- o o
𝛼 = 49 , 𝛽 = 60 , c = 39 cm
(2009) (2.5 marks)
EXERCISE 12.3
Q- Find the measure of the largest angle in the triangle ABC with sides a = 5cm, b = 10cm, c = 14cm.
(2016) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 12.4
Q- The measure of two sides of a triangle are 4 and 5 units. Find the third side so that the area of the
triangle is 6 square units.
(2017) (7 marks)
Q- Find the area of the triangle ABC when,
i- 𝛼 = 51o, 𝛾 = 61o, b = √3cm
(2009) (5 marks)
Q- The three sides of a triangular building have lengths 10cm, 11cm, 13cm respectively. Find the measure
of its largest angle and the area of the building.
(2014) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 12.5
Q- If a = b = c, then prove that

(2018/2009) (5 marks)
𝑟1 ∶ 𝑅 ∶ 𝑟 = 3: 2: 1
Q- Show that in a triangle ABC:
(2017/2016) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1
+ + =
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𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
Q- Prove that 𝑟1 = 4𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2)
(2015) (5 marks)
Q- Show that in any ∆ABC,
(2014/2012) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1 (𝑎2 +𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 )
2
+ 2+ 2+ 2=
𝑟 𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 ∆2
(2016) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1
+ + =
(2016/2013) (5 marks)
𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 = 𝑟𝑠 2
Q- Prove that:
(2015) (5 marks)
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
4𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠 = 𝑟1
2 2 2
(2010) (5 marks)
1 1 1 1
2+ 2+ 2 = 2
𝑟1 𝑟2 𝑟3 𝑟
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾
Q- Prove that ∆= 4𝑅𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
(2011) (4 marks)
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TOPIC WISE
EXERCISE 13.1
Q- Show that:
1 1 1
i- 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 13 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 4 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3
(2015/2014/2013/2010) (5 marks)
−1 1 1 1 𝜋
ii- 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( )+ ( ) 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) =
3 2 7 8
(2012) (5 marks)
1 1 9
iii- 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 ( ) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
5 4 19
(2018) (5 marks)
−1 −1 −1
iv- sin 𝐴 + sin 𝐵 = sin (𝐴√1 − 𝐵 2 + 𝐵√1 − 𝐴2 )
(2018) (5 marks)
−1 −1 𝜃
v- 𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠
√1+𝜃2
(2017) (5 marks)
1 1 1
vi- 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1
3 7 2
(2016) (5 marks)
EXERCISE 13.2
Q- Solve:
i- 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3
(2018/2014/2012) (5 marks)
ii- 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 1 = 0
(2017/2011) (5 marks)
iii- 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝜃 – 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜃 = 0
(2016) (5 marks)
iv- 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 − 3 = 0
(2015) (5 marks)
v- 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 1
(2013) (5 marks)
2
vi- 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 − 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 2 = 0
(2010) (5 marks)
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XI MATHEMATICS PAST PAPER KARACHI BOARD

TOPIC WISE PAST PAPER

CHAPTER 01: SETS ....................................................................................................................... 46

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION KARACHI

(iii) A function 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙 + |𝒙|:

(a) even function (b) odd function

(iv) If A is two-third the way from P to Q the A divides PQ in the ratio:

(vi) The distance of point (2,3) from x-axis is:

(ix) The radius of the circle x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0:

(a)f ′′ (x) = 0 (b) f ′ (x) = 1

(xiii) ∫ 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝐞𝐜 𝟐 𝐱𝐝𝐱 =:

(a) −cosecx + c (b) −cotx + c

(a) parabola (b) hyperbola

(xvi) The vertex of parabola (𝐱 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟒(𝐱 − 𝟏) is:

(a) (1,2) (b) (−2,1)

(a) parallel (b) perpendicular

(xviii) The position of the vector of a point P(x,y,z) is:

(a) lnf(x) + c (b) lnf ′ (x) + c

Section B (Short- Answer Questions)

Section C (Detailed- Answer Questions)

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION KARACHI

(a) ninth term (b) tenth term

(ii) de Broglie’s wavelength is given as:

(iii) 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟔𝟎° 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑𝟎° − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟔𝟎° 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑𝟎° =

(vii) If 𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 = 𝟒 and 𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 = 𝟑, then r=:

(viii) (𝟏𝟎. 𝟓)°:

(ix) If 𝑨 = {𝟐, 𝟑} and 𝑩 = {𝟑, 𝟒}, 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒏 (𝑨 − 𝑩) ∩ 𝑩:

(a) ∅ (b) {∅}

(xi) The imaginary part of 𝒊(𝟑 + 𝟓𝒊𝟐 ) is:

(a) −2𝑖 (b) 3𝑖

(a) 𝑧 2 (b) (𝑧̅)2

(xiii) The product of the roots of the equation 𝒙 + 𝟏 = 𝟕𝒚 − 𝟕 is:

(xiv) If 𝝎 is a complex cube root of unity, then (𝟐 − 𝝎 − 𝝎𝟐 )𝟐 :

(xv) If A,B and C are non-singular matrices, then (𝑪𝑩𝑨)−𝟏 :

(a) 𝐶 −1 𝐵−1 𝐴−1 (b) 𝐴−1 𝐵 −1 𝐶 −1

(xvi) If A is a square matrix, then |𝑨|𝑨−𝟏 =:

(a) AA−1 (b) |A|I3

(xvii) If 1,x-1,3 are in A.P then x=:

(xviii) The H.M between 3 and 6 is:

Section B (Short- Answer Questions)

(iii) Solve the following equation

6. (a) Show that:

(c) Solve and check: (2018) (5 marks)

BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION KARACHI

(a) 0 unit (b) 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡

(a) incircle (b) Negative

(iii) The principle value of 𝐭𝐚𝐧(𝒂𝒓𝒄 𝐭𝐚𝐧(−𝟏)) 𝒊𝒔:

(a) Increases (b) Decreases

(a) 0.52 (b) 1.52

(v) he value of (𝟏 + 𝝎𝟐 )𝟑 is:

(vi) Let 𝒙 + 𝟑𝒊 = 𝟐𝒚𝒊, the value of x and y respectively are:

(a) same elements (b) same order

(ix) If a2, b2, c2 and three terms of an A.P, then:

(xi) The progressions 3, 9, 27, 81,… is a/an:

(xii) The roots of the equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟎 are:

(a) ±4𝑖 (b) ±4

(a) 𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥 (b) 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥