PLAGIARISM SCAN REPORT

Words Date March 29, 2022

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I. Introduction and Rationale

COVID-19 pandemic (WHO, 2020) continues to impact severely the learners around the world, including their
education, health, and social life. Many young learners were perhaps given premature access to technology with
inadequate support or supervision as schools hurriedly moved to virtual educational activities and parents simply
needed to survive the extended time learners had at home. Increased unsupervised online internet use has magnified
issues around cyber violence. Primarily, there was a concern that cyberbullying incidents would have substantially
increased during the ongoing pandemic, compounding further the lopsided impact on learners. Conversely, it is long
known that bullying online is often connected to bullying at school and therefore fewer learners at school might translate
to fewer problems online (Patchin & Hinduja 2019)
For an estimated eight million learners around the globe and with more than 130 countries restricting travel to suppress
the COVID-19 pandemic, cyberspace has become a critical tool for children and youth to access learning, play,
entertainment, and social interaction. In short, they may have something to gain from spending time in the digital space
(Utemissova et.al. 2021). The internet as a tool of distance learning made it difficult in determining the authentic identity
of others; and be in a state of perpetual “connectedness” with peers (Belsey, 2018; Goddard, 2019). These electronic
communication dynamics have twisted an atmosphere where cyberbullying can be an anonymous, private, or public
attack that occurs at any time of the day.
According to a new census released lately by UNICEF, the United Nations organization working for children’s rights,
one in three young people in 30 countries said they have been a victim of cyberbullying, with one in five saying they
avoided school due to cyberbullying and violence.
In 2021, the number of cyberbullying incidents in the Philippines was highest for those in region 4-a, amounting to
approximately 92.4 thousand victims. Cyberbullying or cyber libel also occurred more in the CARAGA region and the
National Capital Region (Statista, 2021). The predominance of cyber violence for males is 44%, almost the same for
females which is 43%. In a study conducted in the Philippines, it was learned that 80% of 1,143 respondents aged 13-
16 years experienced cyberbullying (Takumi, 2016).

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