Natural Ventilation for the building:

Objective-
how natural ventilation provides thermal comfort and improve IAQ
how Operative Temperature is affected by air movement
magnitude of the indoor air speeds and outdoor wind speeds
driving forces for Natural Ventilation and calculations for sizing openings
tools for evaluating ventilation effectiveness.
design strategies for Natural Ventilation.
using the LECaVIR Design Guide for Natural Ventilation.
Learn about mixed-mode operation of buildings.

V1
Air flowing through our skin, swept away heat in two ways-
(a) Sweat evaporation
(b) Convection
These methods are known as Comfort Ventilation.

Types of ventilation:
(a) Night flush ventilation
(b) wind pressure driven ventilation
(c) Buoyancy driven ventilation or stack effect

V2
Operative temperature (OT) : Indoor temperature in the adaptive thermal band
OT combines:
(a) Mean radiant temperature (MRT): It's the average temperature of all the objects which can
be seen from a particular point.
(b) Air temperature (ta)
(c) Air speed (v)
Calculation of MRT:
(a) When airspeed (v) < 0.1m/s OT=(Tair+MRT)/2

(b) with higher airspeed (v) OT= , where tmr=MRT

Thermal comfort temperature = 27 degree

At MRT=40 degree
Stagnant air speed (m/s) Air tempt.
<.1m/s 13-18 degree celsius
.2 14-20 degree celsius
.3 19-25 degree celsius
.4 21-26 degree celsius

V3. Wind Pressure driven ventilation

V4. Buoyancy driven Ventilation or Stack effects:

It occurs in tall buildings having air columns with warmer air at top and cooler air at bottom.

Enhancing stack effect:

(A) Increasing height of buildings
(B) introducing heating at top of the stack : Solar chimney
Stack effect is calculated by :
(a) height of stack
(b) Inside temperature
(c) Outside temperature

V5: Tools for simulating Natural Ventilation

1. Water table used for simulation of wind pressure driven ventilation
2. Salt water bath used for simulated buoyancy driven ventilation

CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics modelling

V6: simple strategies of NV
Design guide for low energy cooling and ventilation for indian resident (LECaVIR)
Used for calculating "final opening area".

V7:
Mixed mode operation: coupling NV with mechanical ventilation
Temporal Mixed mode : when building used NV for some time of day/year and mechanical system in rest
of the time.
Spatial Mixed mode: when some part of the building uses NV and the rest part have air conditioning.