CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY

MSc Military Construction Engineering (Electrical and Mechanical)

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (FORMATIVE)

Monday 23 September 2018: 0900 - 1040

(The first 10 minutes (0900 - 0910) is set aside for reading time only)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Attempt ALL questions.

Use the Formula Sheet and property tables provided.
Begin each question in a new answer book; identify each book using your
student number only.
Work in ink; do not use pencil.
Number each answer clearly in the margin.
Show ALL calculations.
State ALL relevant assumptions.
Marks per question are shown in brackets.

Page 1 of 4
MATERIALS
a. Draw the carbon iron phase diagram indicating the Austenite and
Perlite regions and the eutectoid point. Also identify the percentage
content of carbon by weight that indicates the threshold between high
and low carbon steels. [5 Marks]
b. Determine the forces acting on the X and Y faces of the element
described below if it is rotated by an angle of 60 degrees. [10 Marks]

16 MPa

52 MPa 52 MPa

31 MPa

+ve
16 MPa
x

Page 2 of 4
2. THERMODYNAMICS
In an ideal refrigeration cycle using R-134a as the refrigerant the
condensing and evaporating temperatures are 35°C and -5°C
respectively. 10K superheat and 5K subcooling is applied.
Using the included thermodynamic property tables for R134a where
necessary:
a. Draw the P-H and T-S diagrams for the cycle, determine the
pressure, temperature, specific enthalpy and specific entropy for each
point [6 Marks]
b. Calculate the Coefficient of performance for the ideal cycle
[3 Marks]
c. For a refrigerant mass flow rate of 0.05 kg.s-1 what heating power
could be provided if the cycle were used as a heat pump under ideal
conditions? [2 Marks]

d. If the isentropic efficiency of the compressor was given as 98%

what temperature would the refrigerant leaving the compressor be?
[4 Marks]

Page 3 of 4
3. FLUIDS

A pump, operating at 750 rpm, has the following characteristics when

tested with water at 10C.

Q (m3/s) 0.010 0.014 0.017 0.019 0.024

H (m) 9.5 8.7 7.4 6.1 0.9
(%) 65 81 78 68 12

The connected system consists of 800m of 0.15m diameter pipes with

absolute roughness of 6x10-6 m joining two reservoirs, the difference
between water levels being 5m. The water is pumped from the lower to
the upper reservoir and the design velocity is 1.5 m/s.

Neglecting all losses except pipe friction:

a. Determine the rate of flow between the two reservoirs [8 Marks]

b. Determine the percentage change in flow if the pump speed is

increased to 900 rpm. [4 Marks]

c. Determine the power consumed by the pump at 900 rpm.

[3 Marks]

END OF EXAM PAPER

Page 4 of 4