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"Creating and Formatting Chart": It Skill Lab - 2
"Creating and Formatting Chart": It Skill Lab - 2
IT SKILL LAB -2
On
-:SUBMITTED TO:-
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Internal Guide
-:SUBMITTED BY:-
Preeti Mishra
MBA – IInd. Semester
Roll Number:210194070031
Student’s Undertakings
I further declare to the best of my knowledge and belief that this mini project report does not contain any
part of any work which has been submitted for the award of any other degree/diploma/certificate in this
Institute or any other Institute.
Signature:
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr./Ms. Preeti Mishra is a bonafide student of MBA-IInd. Semester batch (2021-23) of
HR Institute of Technology Ghaziabad and has undertaken IT Skill Lab on Creating and formatting chart
during the study of the IInd. semester.
2 Chart
Meaning 3
Types 4,5
a chart is a graphical representation of data. Charts allow users to see what the results of data to
better understand and predict current and future data. The picture below contains an example of a column
chart displaying the number of unique visitors Computer Hope has received between the years of 2000 and
2006. In this example, you'll notice a gentle increase of users without reading any data.
Types of charts
There are a wide variety of charts available to display data. The list below contains those that are
Bar chart
Column chart
Combo chart
Area chart
Line chart
Pie chart
Flow chart
WHEN
CHART
SHOULD I EXAMPLE
TYPE
USE IT?
1 Pie Chart When you want to quantify items
and show them as percentages.
When you want to compare values
2 Bar Chart across a few categories. The values
run horizontally
BAR CHART
A bar chart (or a bar graph) is one of the easiest ways to present your data in Excel, where horizontal bars are
used to compare data values. Here’s how to make and format bar charts in Microsoft Excel.
To insert a bar chart in Microsoft Excel, open your Excel workbook and select your data. You can do this
manually using your mouse, or you can select a cell in your range and press Ctrl+A to select the data
automatically.
Once your data is selected, click Insert > Insert Column or Bar Chart.
Various column charts are available, but to insert a standard bar chart, click the “Clustered Chart” option. This
chart is the first icon listed under the “2-D Column” section.
Excel will automatically take the data from your data set to create the chart on the same worksheet, using your
column labels to set axis and chart titles. You can move or resize the chart to another position on the same
For our example, the sales data has been converted into a bar chart showing a comparison of the number of
By default, a bar chart in Excel is created using a set style, with a title for the chart extrapolated from one of
You can make many formatting changes to your chart, should you wish to. You can change the color and style
of your chart, change the chart title, as well as add or edit axis labels on both sides. This would be especially
important for sales data, where a trendline could visualize decreasing or increasing number of sales over time.
To change the title text for a bar chart, double-click the title text box above the chart itself. You’ll then be able
From here, click the checkbox next to the “Chart Title” option to deselect it.
Your chart title will be removed once the checkbox has been removed.
To add axis labels to your bar chart, select your chart and click the green “Chart Elements” icon (the “+”
icon).
From the “Chart Elements” menu, enable the “Axis Titles” checkbox.
Axis labels should appear for both the x axis (at the bottom) and the y axis (on the left). These will appear as
text boxes.
To edit the labels, double-click the text boxes next to each axis. Edit the text in each text box accordingly,
then select outside of the text box once you’ve finished making changes.
If you want to remove the labels, follow the same steps to remove the checkbox from the “Chart Elements”
menu by pressing the green, “+” icon. Removing the checkbox next to the “Axis Titles” option will
Microsoft Excel offers a number of chart themes (named styles) that you can apply to your bar chart. To apply
these, select your chart and then click the “Chart Styles” icon on the right that looks like a paint brush.
A list of style options will become visible in a drop-down menu under the “Style” section.
Select one of these styles to change the visual appearance of your chart, including changing the bar layout and
background.
You can access the same chart styles by clicking the “Design” tab, under the “Chart Tools” section on the
ribbon bar.
The same chart styles will be visible under the “Chart Styles” section—clicking any of the options shown will
change your chart style in the same way as the method above.
You can also make changes to the colors used in your chart in the “Color” section of the Chart Styles menu.
Color options are grouped, so select one of the color palette groupings to apply those colors to your chart
You can test each color style by hovering over them with your mouse first. Your chart will change to show
You can make further formatting changes to your bar chart by right-clicking the chart and selecting the
other chart formatting options for your chart under the “Chart Options” section.
If you want to make further text formatting changes, you can do this using the standard text formatting options
edit them.
Column Chart
3. Depending on the Excel version you're using, select one of the following options:
Excel 2016: Click Insert > Insert Column or Bar Chart icon, and select a column chart option of
your choice.
Excel 2013: Click Insert > Insert Column Chart icon, and select a column chart option of your
choice.
Excel 2010 and Excel 2007: Click Insert > Column, and select a column chart option of your choice.
You can optionally format the chart a little further. See the list below for a few options:
Note: Make sure you click on the chart first before applying a formatting option.
chart’s border only, whereas the chart style is a formatting option that applies to the entire chart.
To apply different shape effects, click Format > Shape Effects, and pick an option such
necessary changes. Repeat the step for each component you want to modify.
Note: If you are comfortable working in charts, you can also select and right-click on a specific area
A pie chart (or a circle chart) is a circular statistical graphic, which is divided into slices to illustrate
numerical proportion. In a pie chart, the arc length of each slice (and consequently its central angle and area)
is proportional to the quantity it represents. While it is named for its resemblance to a pie which has been
sliced, there are variations on the way it can be presented. The earliest known pie chart is generally credited
Pie charts are very widely used in the business world and the mass media.[3] However, they have been
criticized,[4] and many experts recommend avoiding them,[5][6][7][8] as research has shown it is difficult to
compare different sections of a given pie chart, or to compare data across different pie charts. Pie charts can
be replaced in most cases by other plots such as the bar chart, box plot, dot plot, etc.
To Create a Pie chart follow these steps:-
For more information about how pie chart data should be arranged, see Data for pie charts.
2. Click Insert > Insert Pie or Doughnut Chart, and then pick the chart you want.
3. Click the chart and then click the icons next to the chart to add finishing touches:
A line graph (also called a line chart or run chart) is a simple but powerful tool and is generally used to show
changes over time. Line graphs can include a single line for one data set, or multiple lines to compare two or
The essential components of a line graph are the same as other charts. They include the following:
X axis (Horizontal Axis): On a line graph, the X axis is the independent variable and generally shows
time periods.
Y axis (Vertical Axis): This axis is the dependent variable and shows the data you are tracking.
Legend: This section provides information about the tracked data to help viewers read and understand
the graph. A legend is most useful when a graph has more than one line.
Once you collect the data you want to chart, the first step is to enter it into Excel. The first column will
be the time segments (hour, day, month, etc.), and the second will be the data collected (muffins sold,
etc.).
Highlight both columns of data and click Charts > Line > and make your selection. We chose Line for
this example, since we are only working with one data set.
Excel creates the line graph and displays it in your worksheet.
Customizing a Line Graph
To change parts of the graph, right-click on the part and then click Format. The following options are
available for most of the graph elements. Changes specific to each element are discussed below:
Shadow, Glow & Soft Edges and 3-D Format: Make an object stand out.
If Excel doesn’t automatically create a title, select the graph, then click Chart > Chart Layout > Chart Title.
Other Versions of Excel: Click the Chart Tools tab > Layout > Chart Title, and click your option.
A combo chart is a combination of two column charts, two line graphs, or a column chart and a line graph.
You can make a combo chart with a single dataset or with two datasets that share a common string field.
Combo charts can answer questions about your data, such as: What are the trends for the same categories?
To Create a Combo Chart, follow these charts:-
1. Click anywhere in the chart you want to change to a combo chart to show the CHART TOOLS.
3. On the All Charts tab, choose Combo, and then pick the Clustered Column - Line on Secondary
Axis chart.
4. Under Choose the chart type and axis for your data series , check the Secondary Axis box for each
data series you want to plot on the secondary axis, and then change their chart type to Line.
5. Make sure that all other data series are shown as Clustered Column
FLOW CHART
A flowchart or flow chart usually shows steps of the task, process, or workflow. There are many different
SmartArt templates predefined in MS Excel that you can use to illustrate the process, including visually
However, if you want to use different shapes and a complex topology, it is better to create your own
flowchart.
To Create Flow chart,follow these steps:-
3. To add text in the selected shape, just double-click in it and enter the text.
Select the beginning point in a border of the first shape and the ending point in a border of the
second shape:
AREA CHART
An area chart or area graph displays graphically quantitative data. It is based on the line chart. The area
between axis and line are commonly emphasized with colors, textures and hatchings. Commonly one
Select the whole data or range for which we have to make the chart:
Then, go to the “Insert” tab and select “Area Chart” like below:
We have to select one of the graphs shown in the drop-down list. Refer to the below image: