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Public Health: Issues, Challenges, Solution

Article · September 2017

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Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR,
DHR,New
NewDelhi
Delhi

Public Health: Issues, Challenges, Solution

Introduction
India a poor country!

ET report Ref 1: "India only makes the W10 (10 wealthiest) due to its large population. On a per capita basis,
the average Indian is quite poor," the report said, adding that over the past 15 years the country grew
"strongly.

soapboxie.com Ref 2: The Super Poor India! India has 363 million (or 29.5 percent) people under the poverty
line based on a survey of 2011-12, as against 407 million (37 percent) in 2004-05. This is latest claim that
comes from the Rangarajan Committee in June 2014, until then it was pegged at 269 million (22 percent)
using another formula.
Source:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_India

Poverty in India - the statistics Ref 3

o 50% of Indians don’t have proper shelter;
o 70% don’t have access to decent toilets (which inspires a multitude of bacteria to host their own
disease party);
o 35% of households don’t have a nearby water source;
o 85% of villages don’t have a secondary school (how can this be the same government claiming 9%
annual growth?);
o Over 40% of these same villages don’t have proper roads connecting them

Friday, March 3, 2017 1

Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
Samit@gov.in
NIC,
NIC,Meity
Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR,
DHR,New
NewDelhi
Delhi

Why India a poor country

Source: www.quora.com/Why-are-majority-of-people-in-India-still-illiterate

The Government spends a lot of money I

dealing with problems to eradicate poverty.
ALot of amount spent on the public
distribution system, health care, education,
livelihood, equality, policing, policies, and
improving infrastructure. But still only a little
has been achieved. This research is to find an
effective solution..

Reason

To find reasons of poverty we need to define poverty. But poverty

cannot be defined in words as it’s a state of mind but we can use
alternate method for describing poverty. We need to focus on
What is poverty
opposite of poverty. Opposite of poverty! That is Richness. Simplest
answer is Richness. But what we will achieve by getting rich. In other
words richness is a state of being. A state of living, state of mind,
Living Conditions
Health state of health and state of social acceptance. This can be related to
Food Shelter the definition of health given by WHO states that “Health is a state
of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the
absence of disease”.

Friday, March 3, 2017 2

Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

How to eradicate poverty

Apart from being rich we need following system to eradicate poverty.

Requirement

o An efficient education system

o An efficient preventive health care system
o An efficient system to provide healthy livelihood to every citizen
o An efficient Infrastructure for rural, semi-rural, sub-urban and urban areas
o An efficient system to strengthen believe in governance
o A good policy to implement above systems

Poverty can be eradicated only when above systems works correctly in corruption-less
environment.

Friday, March 3, 2017 3

Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi

What are the Issues related to Poverty in India

Issues 1

o Malnutrition –
 Lack of neonatal care
 Lack of Healthy environment
 Insufficient food intake
 Impaired utilization
 Depletion of nutrients
 Repeated infectious diseases
 Low Birth Weight (LBW)
 Food insecurity
 Unsafe infant feeding
 Unsafe Child care practices,
 Gender disparity
 Household food insecurity
 Poor sanitation and environmental conditions and low purchasing power
 Early marriages of girls resulting in Low Birth Weight (LBW)
 Lack of availability of safe drinking water
 Poor complementary feeding practices
 Poor access to health services
 Poor breastfeeding practices
 Illiteracy specially in women
 Environmental,
 Geographical
 Agricultural
 Cultural

Issues 2

o High infant mortality rate -

 Female health issues
 Prematurity & low birthweight
 Neonatal infections
 Birth asphyxia & birth trauma
 Pneumonia
 Diarrheal diseases
 Reproductive health
 Gender Biases

Issues 3

o Diseases –
 Heart diseases
 Cancer
 HIV/ AIDS
 Swine Flu

Friday, March 3, 2017 4

 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi
 Influenza
 Malaria

 Typhoid
 Hepatitis
 Jaundice
 Leptospirosis
 Amoebiasis
 Cholera
 Filariasis
 Brucellosis
 Flu viruses is the H1N1
 Chikungunya & Dengue
 Hookworm Infection
 Diarrheal Diseases
 Tuberculosis
 Osteoporosis
 Depression
 Mental Health
 Diabetes
 Obesity

Issues 4

Public Health Issues –

 Poor Education Infrastructure and services

 Poor Housing Infrastructure and services
 Lack of Family/community Interaction
 Lack of Lifestyles Coaching center
Samit@gov.in  Surveillance and monitoring
NIC, Meity  Audit and evaluation System
DHR, New Delhi  Check Radiation Control
 Lack of Service planning
 Clinical governance
 Un-Employment
 Health Protection
 Infectious diseases
 Health Improvement
 Academic Public Health
 Public Health Intelligence
 Inequalities among citizens
 Emergency response System
 Environmental health Hazards
 Health and Social Service Quality
 Check on Chemicals and poisons
 Check on Clinical effectiveness & Efficiency
 Policy and strategy development and implementation
 Strategic leadership and collaborative working for health

Friday, March 3, 2017 5

Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

 Surveillance and assessment of the population's health and wellbeing

 Assessing the evidence of effectiveness of health and healthcare services

Issue 5

o Education
 Availability of schools in vicinity
 Severe caste disparities
 Shortage of classrooms
 No proper sanitation
 Experimental Learning
 Pupil Teacher Ratio
 Female Illiteracy
 Earning Livelihood
 Corruption
 Fundamental rights Misuse
 Goal oriented education
 Finding Interesting ways of Learning
 Non-standardized school system
 Stereotyping of female and male roles
 High dropout rates
 low enrollment rates

Issue 6

o Poor Economy -
 Lack of jobs
 Adequate wages.
 High cost of medical care.
 Health Coverage
 The income gap
 Raise in prices
 Cost of living,
 Lack of
 Poverty
 Economic globalization
 Expensive Transport
 Expensive child care

Issue 7

o Contaminated Drinking water -

Microbial contamination

 Giardia
 Legionella
 Norovirus

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

 Shigella
 Campylobacter
 Copper
 Salmonella
 Hepatitis A
 Cryptosporidium
 E. coli, excess fluoride (tie)

Chemical contamination / Industrial waste

 Arsenic
 Fluoride
 Selenium and uranium
 Iron and manganese
 Agricultural chemicals
 Urban pollution
 By-products of water treatment
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
 Endocrine disrupters
DHR, New Delhi

Sewage and waste water

 Mining activities
 Marine dumping
 Accidental Oil leakage
 Accidental Oil leakage
 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides
 Leakage from sewer lines
 Global warming
 Radioactive waste
 Urban development
 Leakage from the landfills
 Animal waste
 Underground storage leakage
 Rain, Flood, Sewage Overflow

Issue 8

o Sanitation –

 Lack of felt need

 Lack of infrastructure.
 Illiteracy and ignorance
 Inadequate financial resources.
 Low priority accorded to sanitation
 Lack of private sector participation.
 Inadequate trained human resources
 Weak and inefficient institutional mechanism.
 Lack of coordination Inadequate sectorial planning
 Lack of community participation and inadequate health education facilities.

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Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi

Issue 9

o Social Discrimination –

 Racism, religion, ethnicity, culture Differences

 Xenophobia
 Gender
 Disability
 Power
 Greed
 Competency
 Prejudice
 Stereotyping
 Favoritism
 Wealth inequality
 Residential Inequality
 Environmental Hazards

Issue 10

o Poor Infrastructure-
 Water Distribution
 Migration
 Skilled Manpower
 Power
 Roads
 Rails
 Transport
 Security
 Information
 Internet
 Delivery System
 Planning
 Design
 Implementation
 Corruption

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi

Challenges
Challenge 1

o Social Acceptance
 Stereotypes
 Prejudices
 Discrimination
 Racism, sexism,
 Cultural Beliefs
 Lifestyle
 Etiquette & Culture
 Food habits
 Appearance
 Resistance to change
 False ideologies.

Challenge 2

o Globalization
 Open World Market
 World Economy
 Exploitation
 Outsourcing Jobs & Works
 World Brands
 Testing Zones Third world
 Industrial Research Zone
 Trade Zones
 Recognition
 Environment
 Monopoly of Power
 Capitalism
 Exposure to world culture
 Accountability
 New Development and Inventions
 New Roles and Responsibilities
Challenge 3

o Information
 Global Approach
 Availability
Samit@gov.in  Reach
NIC, Meity  Integrity
DHR, New Delhi

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

 Confidentiality
 Plan

Challenge 4

o Education
 Approachability
 Education standards
 Staff Availability
 Gender Biases
 Information
 Life goals
 Transports
 Security
 Resistance
 Society
 Remuneration
 Recognition
 Reach / Wideness

Challenge 5

o Jobs
 Search for new fields
 Sustainability
 Finding relevance
 Awareness
 Social Work
 Entrepreneurs
 Trainers
 Localization approach in reaching global market.
 Demand Supply with Long term goals
 Ecosystem Development
 Information
Challenge 6

o Housing
 Sewage & Drainage
 Water Efficient
 Twin City approach
 Implementation policy
 Smart City, Village Approach
 Rural, Semi-rural, sub urban, and urban approach
Samit@gov.in  Environment friendly
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi
Friday, March 3, 2017 10
Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

 Sustainable
 Costing and Circle rate
 Energy Efficient
Challenge 7

o Water
 Rain Water Harvesting
 Preventing Pollution
 Recycling Water
 Water Shed Management
 Safe Drinking Water
Challenge 8

o Waste Disposal and Sanitation

 Clean Sewage before disposal
 Landfill management and Policy
 Segregation of Waste
 Segregation of Forest Zone and Habitable zone
 Procedures for removing waste from zones of habitations
 Researching techniques for utilizing waste
 Disposal of Household and factories waste
Challenge 9

o Nutrition
 Status of women,
 Maternal nutrition,
 Prenatal care
 Food habits
 Distribution System
 Social Work
 Information
 Culture
 Society
 Corruption
 Resistance
Challenge 10

o Resources
 Education
 Information
 Common Infrastructure
 Essential Services
 Electricity

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

 Water

Challenge 11

o Corruption
Samit@gov.in  Suitable remuneration for work
NIC, Meity
DHR, New Delhi  Identification of Corrupt Practices
 Identification of Needs
 Equality
 Role Responsibility education
 Strict Laws to deal with corrupt practice
Challenge 12

o Social equality
 Cleanliness
 Etiquettes
 Safety
 Information
 Learnings
 Social Interactions
Challenge 13

o Politics
 Defining political goals
 Personal politics
 Office politics
 Local politics
 Social Politics
 State Politics
 National Politics
 Inter-National Politics
 Humanity
Challenge 14

o Democratic System
 Education
 Information
 Human Rights
 Limits
 Nationality
 Humanity

Friday, March 3, 2017 12

 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

Challenge 15

o Religion
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity  Education
DHR, New Delhi  Information
 Culture and Intra-Cultural Events
 Finding ways to strengthen the Governance
 Correcting a Believe system within the Boundaries of Religion
Challenge 16

o Economy
 Survey
 Use of Technology
 Policy on Sharing Resources
 Identification of Needs
 Resource Management
 Promoting Local development
 Finding Global Market
 Methods for enhancing GDP
 Finding Cost effective ways

Solutions

o Policy, Monitoring & Control

o Information Flow and Measure to check Corruption
o Social Interaction and social Work, Resource & Management
o Techniques & Technology
o Survey, Social Justice
o Education, Planning and jobs & Wealth creation
o Environment and Infrastructure
o Knowledge, Research, Identification of Regional Discomforts
o Mental Health

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

Conclusion

Samit@gov.in Poverty can be eradicated by structuring a framework which can handle every issues and
NIC, Meity challenge that we face in our society. A mechanism is required to enable flawless
DHR, New Delhi
continuous flow of information in entire framework with a monitoring and control
mechanism on top of the framework. Wisdom of Richness achieved by such framework
should flow as global information to find next set of richness.

Richness
Monitoring

& Control

Knowledgeable Citizen

Measures to Check Corruption

Policy Laws

Resource Management

Technology Support

Social Justice Enhance Believe

Social Interaction

Governance
Planning Economy Education

Public and Environmental Health

Citizen Services &

Environment Livelihood Infrastructure

Knowledge Research

Global Data / Information / Requirements

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 Public Health: Issues, Challenges & Solutions
Samit@gov.in
NIC, Meity Friday, March 3, 2017
DHR, New Delhi

Wideness of Approach / Strategy / Policy

Fig : Digital Governance Framework to Eradicate Poverty

References
Ref 1: http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/52520769.cms
Ref 2: https://soapboxie.com/social-issues/Reasons-Why-India-is-So-Poor
Ref 3: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_India
Ref 4: https://www.poverties.org/blog/poverty-in-india
Ref 5: https://www.unicef.org
Ref 6: https://en.wikipedia.org/

Friday, March 3, 2017 15

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