NGỮ PHÁP VÀ BÀI TẬP THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ

VERB TENSES
( Thì trong tiếng Anh)

I. The present simple tense ( Thì hiện tại đơn )

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

1. To be: ( is, am, are)  Công thức:
- Khẳng định : is
Ex1: She is a good student. S + to be am + O
- Phủ định : are (not)
Ex2: She is not a good student.
2. Động từ: (V)
- Khẳng định : S + V1 / Vs/es + O
Ex1: He often goes to class late.
Ex2: I watch T.V every night. S + don’t / doesn’t + V1 + O
- Phủ định :
Ex1: He doesn’t often go to class late.  TND: always, often, usually,
Ex2: I don’t watch T.V every night. sometimes, now and then, seldom,
rarely, never, today, present day,
every ...
Note:
- Diễn tả một hiện tượng tự nhiên, một chân lí, một sự thật hiển nhiên.
Ex1: The Earth goes round the sun .. The sun rises in the east.
Ex2: Water boils at 1000 C
Ex3: Two and two are four.
Ex5: Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom

II. The Present Continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn)

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

- Diễn tả một hành động đang tiếp diễn ở thời  Công thức:
điểm nói ( ở hiện tại)
is
Ex1: We are studying English now .
S + to be am + V_ing + O
- Diễn tả trong câu mệnh lệnh.
are (not)
Ex2: Be quiet! The baby is sleeping.

 TND:
- now , right now = at once , at ( the , this ,
present ) time, at the moment, at present.
- Look ! , Listen ! , Be careful!...

III. The Present Perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

 Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)
 Công thức:
Ex1: You have studied English for five years.
S + have / has + V3/ ed + O
Ex2: John has lived in that house since 1984.
(not)
- Th× HTHT dïng víi This is the first. second  TND:
time, it’s the first time......... - just, recently, lately . ever . never.
Ex1: . This is the first time I’ve lost my way. - already, not…yet, for , since , before.
- so far =until now =up to now =up to the
present
- It is the first , second , third time.........
- twice , three times= many times.
- This morning, This week, This term

Note:
- Thì HTHT được sử dụng trong cấu trúc:
Ex: She has worked this company SINCE she graduated from university.
HTHT QKĐ

IV. The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn )

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

1. To be: ( was, were )  Công thức:
Ex1: He was a good student last year. was
2. Động từ: (V) S + to be + O
- Khẳng định : were (not)
Ex1: I went to the cinema last night.
- Phủ định :
Ex2: I didn’t go to the cinema last night. S + V2/ ed + O

S + didn’t + V1 + O
 TND:
- yesterday , ago , last ( week ,night .... ),
in + year ( in 1992),
- It + to be + time + S + QKD
Note:
- Thì QKĐ sử dụng theo sau WHEN:
Ex1: When he came to her house, she was having a bath.

V. The Past Continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn )

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

- Hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra t¹i mét thêi ®iÓm  Công thức:
x¸c ®Þnh trong qu¸ khø.
Ex1: We were studying Maths at this time was
yesterday. S + to be + V_ing + O
were (not)
 TND:
- at 4 p.m yesterday.
- at this time last Sunday...........
Note:
- Diễn tả 1 hành động đang xảy ra vào 1 thời điểm xác định ở quá khứ thì có hành động
khác xen vào .
Ex1: We were watching television when he came
- Diễn tả 2 hành động đang xảy ra cùng lúc ở quá khứ .
Ex2: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V

VI. The Past perfect (Thì quá khứ hoàn thành ).

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành  Công thức:
động khác trong quá khứ hoặc trước 1 thời
điểm ở quá khứ . S + had + V3/ ed + O
Ex1: They had live here before 1985. (not)
Ex2: After the children had finished their
homework, they went to bed.  TND: before, after, by 2000

Note:
Ex1: Before he went home, he had been to the store. => Before +S1 + QKĐ, S2 + QKHT
Ex2: After he had been ill for a long time, he died. => After + S1 + QKHT, S2 + QKĐ

VII. The simple future : (Thì tương lai đơn )

Ví dụ ( examples) Công thức ( form)

1. Tương lai xa:  Công thức:
- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương
lai. S + will/ shall + V0 + O
(not)
Ex1: It will rain tomorrow.
2. Tương lai gần:
- DiÔn t¶ hµnh ®éng sÏ x¶y ra trong t¬ng lai is
gÇn cã dù ®Þnh tríc S + to be am + going to + V0
Ex2: They are going to repaint the school. are (not)

 TND:
- someday, tomorrow
- next week, next month….. , soon
 Note:
- Sau when , while , before , after , until, by the time, as , as soon as, ……. không dùng thì
tương lai mà chỉ dùng thì hiện tại đơn hoặc HTHT .

Ex1 : She phones her parents when she will come here next week. => SAI

Ex 2: She will phone her parents when she comes here next week => ĐÚNG

 EXERCISE:
A. Circle the best answer:
1. There was a power cut while she ______ the dinner.
a. has cooked b. cooked c. was cooking d. is cooking
2. Mr. Brown ______ a driver for three years, from 1996 to 1999.
a. is b. has been c. was d. will be
3. Doris _______ Paris three times so far.
a. has visited b. is visiting c. visits d. visited
4. If I pass the entrance exam, my parents _______ very happy.
a. will be b. are c. were d. have been
5. Mary was doing her homework when the telephone suddenly ______.
a. was ringing b. rings c. has rung d. rang
6. The little boy has lived in misery since his father ______.
a. has died b. was died c. died d. is died
7. She _______ nothing since the beginning of the meeting.
a. hasn't said b. has said c. has never said d. said
8. When ______ your first daughter born?
a. was b. were c. did d. is
9. ______ you met him recently?
a. Are b. Were c. Did d. Have
10. What _____ they doing in the garden?
a. have b. are c. did d. do
11. How often ______ the Olympic Games held?
a. do b. are c. did d. have
12. ______ you ever spoken to a famous person?
a. Are b. Do c. Have d. Did
13. What ________ doing at nine o'clock yesterday evening?
a. did Peter b. were Peter c. was Peter d. Peter was
14. I didn't hear the phone because I ________ a shower when it rang.
a. was having b. had c. have had d. were having
15. I'm sorry Mrs. Johnson hasn't _________.
a. arrived already b. arrived yet c. arrived just d. already
arrived
16. I ________ to Manchester twice this month.
a. have gone b. have been c. was going d. went
17. I'm a vegetarian now, but I ________ meat when I was small.
 a. have eaten b. was used to eat c. was eating d. used to eat
18. My cousin and his wife __________ visit us next weekend.
a. are going b. will to c. going to d. are going to
19.I .....................in the cafe having a drink when the police arrived.
A. sat B. was sat C. was sitting D. have sat
21. She came into the room while they......................television.
A. watched B. have watched C. are watching D. were
watching
22. I .......................................a headache since yesterday
A. had B. was having C. have had D. would
have
23. When the telephone rang, she ...............a letter
A. wrote B. is writing C. was written D. was writing
24. He........................... up his mind yet.
A. didn't make B. hasn't made C. wasn't make D. wasn't making
25. When............................ the car, you'll agree with me about it.
A. you saw B. you've seen C. you would see D. you will
see
26. It was a long time................................................I lived here.
A. that B. ago C. since D. ago
that
27. My teacher arrived after I .......................................................for him for ten minutes.
A. was waiting B. have waited C. had waited D. waited
28. This is the first time I...........................to play
badminton
A. have tried B. am trying C. was trying D. would
be trying
29. She ............................here but she doesn't work here now.
A. has worked B. had worked C. used to work
D. used to working
30.I used to swim in this river when I _____ young.
A. am B. was C. will be D. have
been
31. When you get up tomorrow morning, the sun _____.
A. shine B. is shining C. will shine D. will be
shining
32. While Mary was cleaning the apartment, her husband ____TV.
A. watched B. was watching C. would watch D. has
watched
33. I've been in this city for a long time. I ___ here sixteen years ago.
A. have come B. was coming C. came D. had
come
34. While I______TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am
watching
35. The phone ____ constantly since Jack announced his candidacy for
president this morning.
 A. has been ringing B. rang C. had rung D. had
been ringing
36. The earth ______on the sun for its heat and light.
A. is depend B. depending C. has depend D.
depends
37. "May I speak to Dr. Shell, please?"
"I'm sorry, he _____ a patient at the moment. Can I help you?"
A. is seeing B. sees C. has been seeing D. was
seeing
38. Nobody _____ from Amanda since she _______ to the Seychelles.
A. heard - went B. has heard - went C. heard - has gone D. has
heard - has gone
39. When the telephone rang, she ...............a letter
A. wrote B. is writing C. was written D. was
writing
40. Jane and I ................... school in 1978.
A. finished B. finish C. have finished D.
finishes
41. Nobody ................... to me since my birthday.
A. wrote B. writes C. has written D.
is writing
42. Her children .............. football when I came.
A. is playing B. play C. were playing D. played
43. For the past two years I .................a lot of things.
A. do B. doing C. have done D. did
44. Don’t make noise. My mother …………..with her friends.
A. is talking B. was talking C. talks D. talked
45. The light………out while we were having tea.
A. was going B. went C. have gone D. has
gone
46. I was learning maths when ……………………………
A. my mother comes back B. my mother came back
C. my mother has come back D. my mother is coming back.
47. I haven’t seen her _______ years.
a. in b. with c. since d. for
48. He _______ playing football five years ago.
a. started b. has started c.is starting d.had started
49. _______ he had done his homework, he went to bed.
a. Before b. After c. If d. Though
50. He has worked in this factory _____ 1988.
a. in b. from c. since d. for
51. The boys broke a window when they _____ football.
a. played b. had played c. were playing d. are playing
52. We understood it _____ the teacher had explained it to us.
a. after b. since c. before d. though
53. He has played football since he _____10 years old.
a. was b. were c. is d. has been
54..I’ll wait until you ______.
a.will return b.return c. returning d.will have
returned
B. Chọn phần gạch dưới cần chỉnh sửa để câu trở thành chính xác
1. Next week when there will be a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher.
A B C D
2. Do you know how many teachers does our school have?
A B C D
3. Mr. Ba rides his bicycle to work at the moment.
A B C D
4. Mark took many trips to Asia since he started his own import-export
business.
A B C D
5. The children had been playing ball for the last two hours, but they don't
seem to be tired yet.
A B C D
6. Up to now Michael wrote five novels and over sixteen short stories.
A B C D
7.1 am polishing this table all the morning but she isn't satisfied with it yet.
A B C D
8. As soon as he will graduate, he's going to return to his hometown.
A B C D
9. Mr. Davy was just getting off the plane when he feels a sharp pain in his
chess.
A B C D
10.I saw that movie three times, and now I want to see it again.
A B C D
11. Last night I have had dinner with two friends. I have known both of them
for a long time.
A B C
D
12. So far this week the teachers are giving us a lot of homework every day.
A B C D
13. There are more than 40 presidents of the United States since it became a
country.
A B C D
14. By the time he left the office, he have attended three meetings.
A B C D
15. We are waiting for Mike for the last two hours, but he still hasn't arrived.
A B C D
16. We have lived since ten years, but we are going to move again
soon.
A B C D
17. Last Sunday while Sandy cleaned out the attic, she found her mother's
wedding dress.
A B C D
18. I think you have asked me five or six questions since we have begun this
exercise.
 A B C D
19. When I came in, everyone were watching a film.
A B C D
20. My uncle lived in Hanoi since 1990 to 1998, but he is now living in Hue.
A B C D