Sani Isla Community, Rio Napo, Sucumbios, ECUADOR 1

Entomopathogenic FUNGI of the Rio Napo Lowlands (Ecuadorian Amazon)

Susanne Sourell, João P.M. Araújo, Tatiana Sanjuan, Priscila Chaverri and Julia Simon Cardoso
Sani Isla Community is located on the borders of the Yasuní National Park and Cuyabeno Natural Reserve in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest. The Sani Isla Forest consists of 42,000 hectares of
!
primary moist lowland Amazonian rainforest with an annual rainfall of ∼3,200 mm. Soils are mostly geologically young, fluvial sediments from erosion of the Andes. The forests in this area are
heavily endangered by human activities such as drilling for oil and deforestation. Photos by S. Sourell, except where indicated. Produced by: S. Sourell with support from Rich C. Hoyer, Carlos
Hualinga, Danny Gualinga, Cesar Licuy, Franklin Licuy and The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. [susanne.sourell@yahoo.com] [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1136] version 1 3/2019

Hymenoptera
(Formicidae)
- Ants -
Fungi are grouped by
the insect hosts’
common English name

1 Ophiocordyceps sp. 2 Ophiocordyceps 3 Ophiocordyceps 4 Ophiocordyceps

Hirsutella group australis complex australis complex camponoti-atricipis

5 Ophiocordyceps kniphofio- 6 Ophiocordyceps kniphofio- 7 Ophiocordyceps 8 Ophiocordyceps lloydii 9 Ophiocordyceps lloydii

ides Polycephalomyces infected ides Polycephalomyces infected kniphofiodes group var. binata var. binata

10 Ophiocordyceps 11 Ophiocordyceps 12 Ophiocordyceps 13 Ophiocordyceps 14 Ophiocordyceps

lloydii ponerinarum ponerinarum unilateralis group 1 unilateralis group 2

Coleoptera
- Beetles -

15 Polycephalomyces 16 Polycephalomyces 17 Nigelia 18 Nigelia

formicarum cff. formicarum cff. martiale (©TL) martiale (©DW)
 Sani Isla Community, Rio Napo, Sucumbios, ECUADOR 2
Entomopathogenic FUNGI of the Rio Napo Lowlands (Ecuadorian Amazon)
Susanne Sourell, João P.M. Araújo, Tatiana Sanjuan, Priscila Chaverri and Julia Simon Cardoso
Sani Isla Community is located on the borders of the Yasuní National Park and Cuyabeno Natural Reserve in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest. The Sani Isla Forest consists of 42,000 hectares of
!
primary moist lowland Amazonian rainforest with an annual rainfall of ∼3,200 mm. Soils are mostly geologically young, fluvial sediments from erosion of the Andes. The forests in this area are
heavily endangered by human activities such as drilling for oil and deforestation. Photos by S. Sourell, except where indicated. Produced by: S. Sourell with support from Rich C. Hoyer, Carlos
Hualinga, Danny Gualinga, Cesar Licuy, Franklin Licuy and The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. [susanne.sourell@yahoo.com] [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1136] version 1 3/2019

19 Nigelia 20 Ophiocordyceps 21 Ophiocordyceps 22 Ophiocordyceps 23 Ophiocordyceps

martiale curculionum s.l. (©DW) curculionum complex gracilioides (©TL) melolonthae (©CP)

Diptera
- Flies -

24 Ophiocordyceps melo- 25 Ophiocordyceps 26 Ophiocordyceps 27 Ophiocordyceps aff.

lonthae complex (©CP) dipterigena (©TL) dipterigena dipterigena

Orthoptera
- Grasshoppers /
Locusts -

28 Beauveria 29 Beauveria 30 Beauveria 31 Beauveria

acridophila acridophila locustiphila locustiphila

Lepidoptera
-Moths / Butterflies-

32 Ophiocordyceps 33 Ophiocordyceps 34 Akanthomyces cf. 35 Akanthomyces

amazonica amazonica pistillariiformis tuberculatus s.l.
 Sani Isla Community, Rio Napo, Sucumbios, ECUADOR 3
Entomopathogenic FUNGI of the Rio Napo Lowlands (Ecuadorian Amazon)
Susanne Sourell, João P.M. Araújo, Tatiana Sanjuan, Priscila Chaverri and Julia Simon Cardoso
Sani Isla Community is located on the borders of the Yasuní National Park and Cuyabeno Natural Reserve in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest. The Sani Isla Forest consists of 42,000 hectares of
!
primary moist lowland Amazonian rainforest with an annual rainfall of ∼3,200 mm. Soils are mostly geologically young, fluvial sediments from erosion of the Andes. The forests in this area are
heavily endangered by human activities such as drilling for oil and deforestation. Photos by S. Sourell, except where indicated. Produced by: S. Sourell with support from Rich C. Hoyer, Carlos
Hualinga, Danny Gualinga, Cesar Licuy, Franklin Licuy and The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. [susanne.sourell@yahoo.com] [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1136] version 1 3/2019

Hemiptera
Auchenorrhyncha
- Planthoppers/
Leafhoppers /
Cicadas -

36 Akanthomyces 37 Blackwellomyces 38 Cordyceps 39 Calcarisporium sp.

tuberculatus s.l. cardinalis (©JP) tenuipes

Hemiptera
Sternorrhyncha
- Scale insects -

40 Ophiocordyceps sp. 41 Ophiocordyceps 42 Ophiocordyceps aff. 43 Ophiocordyceps aff.

Hirsutella group fulgoromorphila fulgoromorphila fulgoromorphila

44 Hyperdermium 45 Hypocrella 46 Moelleriella 47 Moelleriella 48 Moelleriella

bertonii hirsuta cf. cornuta evansii disjuncta

Arachnida
- Spiders /
Harvesters -

49 Moelleriella 50 Moelleriella 51 Moelleriella 52 Cordyceps

ochracea phyllogena turbinata caloceroides (©JP)
 Sani Isla Community, Rio Napo, Sucumbios, ECUADOR 4
Entomopathogenic FUNGI of the Rio Napo Lowlands (Ecuadorian Amazon)
Susanne Sourell, João P.M. Araújo, Tatiana Sanjuan, Priscila Chaverri and Julia Simon Cardoso
Sani Isla Community is located on the borders of the Yasuní National Park and Cuyabeno Natural Reserve in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest. The Sani Isla Forest consists of 42,000 hectares of
!
primary moist lowland Amazonian rainforest with an annual rainfall of ∼3,200 mm. Soils are mostly geologically young, fluvial sediments from erosion of the Andes. The forests in this area are
heavily endangered by human activities such as drilling for oil and deforestation. Photos by S. Sourell, except where indicated. Produced by: S. Sourell with support from Rich C. Hoyer, Carlos
Hualinga, Danny Gualinga, Cesar Licuy, Franklin Licuy and The Field Museum, Chicago, USA. [susanne.sourell@yahoo.com] [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1136] version 1 3/2019

53 Cordyceps 54 Cordyceps 55 Cordyceps 56 Gibellula 57 Gibellula

caloceroides nidus nidus leiopus cf. pulchra

Phasmatodea
- Stick bugs -

58 Ophiocordyceps 59 Ophiocordyceps 60 Torrubiella 61 Beauveria

engleriana engleriana gonylepticida diapheromeriphila

Hymenoptera
(Vespidae)
- Wasps -

62 Beauveria 63 Ophiocordyceps 64 Ophiocordyceps sp. 65 Ophiocordyceps sp.

diapheromeriphila
66
Ophiocordyceps
sphecocephala group
humbertii (©CP) Hirsutella group Hirsutella group
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our
thanks to Nigel Hywel-Jones for
the identifications contributed,
Jens Petersen (JP), Thomas
Laessoe (TL), Daniel Winkler
(DW) and Carlos Padilla (CP) to
permit use of their pictures.
Further we are grateful to Rich C.
Hoyer, Carlos Hualinga, Danny
Gualinga, Cesar Licuy and
Franklin Licuy for the assistance in
the field as well as the team of
Sani Lodge and Mercedes
Rivadeneira for the great
hospitality.
Notice
None of the fungi in this guide
68 69 were analyzed microscopically
67 Sani Isla Forest Sani Isla Forest Rio Napo river and identification of genus and
Parque Nacional Yasuní species were based on photographs.