CO2 Compressors

CO2 COMPRESSORS
CO2 COMPRESSORS
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: PRODUCT RANGE
CD 500 RANGE
UP TO 100 hp CD4 RANGE
TCS RANGE
LARGEST WORLDWIDE
PROTOTYPES TO
CD RANGE
SINTEF - NTNU
GIACOMO PISANO PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: (PARTIAL) REPRODUCTION AND/OR DISSEMINATION IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• MEDIUM TEMPERATURE MODELS / PARALLEL COMPRESSORS / HVAC / HEAT PUMPS
• CD RANGE: M or H MODELS:
• from 1.1 m3/h to 59 m3/h

• from 1.5 hp to 90 hp
• 2 - 4 - 6 CYLINDERS MODELS
• PS = 150 bar - Pss = 100 bar
• M MODELS: TYPICAL ON-OFF CYCLING
• H MODELS: BEST CAPABILITY DRIVE OVER 50 Hz TOLERATING UNDER-VOLTAGE
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• LOW TEMPERATURE MODELS
• CD RANGE: M or B MODELS
• from 1.1 m3/h to 59 m3/h

• 2 - 4 - 6 CYLINDERS MODELS
• PS = 150 bar - PSs = 100 bar
• CDS RANGE
• from 1.8 m3/h to 49 m3/h

• 2 and 4 CYLINDERS MODELS
• PS = 54 bar - PSs = 36 bar
• CD2S RANGE: DOUBLE STAGE - TRANSCRITICAL
• from 1.45 m3/h to 15.1 m3/h

• 3 and 4 CYLINDERS MODELS
• PS = 150 bar - Pss = 100 bar
CO2 COMPRESSORS
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: CHALLENGES
• DESIGN FEATURES - CASCADE LT APPLICATIONS:
• SMALL DIFFERENCES WITH HFC TECHNOLOGY: SINERGY IN PLACE
• SIMILAR STRESS TO R410A APPLICATIONS

R404A - R410A - CO2 SC
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• DESIGN FEATURES - TRANS-CRITICAL APPLICATIONS:
• MUCH LARGER STRESSES
• NO POSSIBLE SYNERGY WITH HFC TECHNOLOGY (COMPETITION)
R404A - R410A - CO2 SC - CO2 TC

• HP UP TO 140 bar
• LP UP TO 100 bar (Pss)
• MUCH LARGER DELTA_P
• SEVERE TRIBOLOGY CHALLENGES
• MUCH HIGHER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES
• COMPRESSORS TO BE DESIGNED FROM “SCRATCH”
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• HIGH PRESSURES [DISCHARGE UP TO 160 bar]
• SUPERMARKET APPLICATION [-10°C/35°C, EVAPORATING/AMBIENT]
• ADAPTATION OF STANDARD HFC TECHNOLOGY: NOT POSSIBLE !
• DORIN SOLUTION: AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• HIGH DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES WITH RELATIVELY LOW PRESSURE RATIO
• COMPRESSOR RUNNING @ (13/104) bar - PRESSURE RATIO = 8
• ADAPTATION OF STANDARD HFC TECHNOLOGY: NOT POSSIBLE !
• DORIN SOLUTION: AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN
CO2 COMPRESSORS
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: QUALIFICATION TESTS
• ACCELERATED LIFETIME TESTING OUT OF THE APPLICATION ENVELOPE
SEVERE WORKING CONDITIONS OUTSIDE THE ENVELOPE TO KEEP A LARGE SAFETY MARGIN
• MAX DELTA_P (20/140) bar:
MAX MECHANICAL LOAD
• MAX PRESSURE RATIO (13/104) bar:
MAX DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE (210°C)
• MAX LOAD (60/140) bar:
MAX POWER INPUT AND MAX OIL DILUTION
• CONTINUOUS RUN
• SHORT CYCLING (2s RUN / 4s STOP - 200.000 TIMES)
• LIQUID RETURN - WET OPERATION
CO2 COMPRESSORS
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: COMPETITION BENCHMARK
• SYSTEM COST SAVINGS SECURED BY THE USE OF DORIN COMPRESSORS
LARGE DISPLACEMENTS: LESS COMPRESSORS & COMPONENTS,

SMALLER RACK FRAMES & MACHINERY ROOMS
EFFICIENCY: HIGH COP, LOW RUNNING COSTS
LOW NOISE LEVELS: NO ADDITIONAL SOUND-

PROOF EQUIPMENT, PROXIMITY STORE
LOW VIBRATIONS: NO STRESS ON JUNCTIONS,
NO PIPE FAILURES
EXTRA-ROBUSTNESS: LONGER LIFETIME,

LOWER LIFE CYCLE COST
LOW DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES:

SMALLER GAS COOLERS
LOW OIL CARRY OVER: HIGH EVAPORATORS EFFICIENCY
CO2 COMPRESSORS
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: COMPETITION
BENCHMARK
• LARGE DISPLACEMENTS:
• LESS COMPRESSORS & COMPONENTS, SMALLER RACK FRAMES & MACHINERY
ROOMS
LARGE DISPLACEMENTS: LESS COMPRESSORS
90 & COMPONENTS,
UNIQUE OPTION FOR SMALL CAPACITIES

(CONVENIENT SHOPS, CONDENSING UNITS, …) 67,5
45
22,5
UNIQUE SOLUTION FOR LARGE CAPACITIES

(WAREHOUSES, STORAGES, ICE RINKS…)
CO2 COMPRESSORS
• EFFICIENCY:
• HIGH COP, LOW RUNNING COSTS

CO2 COMPRESSORS
• LOW NOISE LEVELS

• NO ADDITIONAL SOUND-PROOF EQUIPMENT, PROXIMITY STORE
• EXTERNAL
LARGE DISPLACEMENTS: LESS DISCHARGE MANIFOLD
COMPRESSORS & COMPONENTS,
• NEGLIGIBLE
SMALLER RACK PRESSURE PULSES
FRAMES & MACHINERY ROOMS
• EXTRA-SMOOTH OPERATION
• GREAT FEATURE FOR PROXIMITY STORES
3. CO2 COMPRESSORS: COMPETITION BENCHMARK CO2 COMPRESSORS
• LOW NOISE LEVELS

• PROXIMITY STORE: DESPAR - PRATO DELLA VALLE - PADOVA DOWNTOWN - ITALY
• EXTRA-ROBUSTNESS: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS (COMBUSTION ENGINES)

• LONGER LIFETIME, LOWER LIFE CYCLE COST
• EXTERNAL DISCHARGE MANIFOLD: CARS

• PERFECT THERMAL INSULATION BETWEEN HP / LP SIDES
• LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES
• LOWER OIL TEMPERATURES
• COATED CAST IRON PISTON: TRACTORS
• SAME MATERIAL BEHAVIOR TO CRANKCASE IF EXPOSED TO HIGH
TEMPERATURES
• VIPER HEAD ROD: CARS

• LOWER VIBRATION LEVELS
• SPECIAL WRIST PIN COATING: TRACTORS
• FORCED LUBRICATION: CARS
• FORCED LUBRICATION TO ROD SMALL END
• BEARINGS: TRACTORS
• MULTY-LAYER SELF LUBRICATING
• LONGER LIFETIME, LOWER LIFE CYCLE COST

• DELHAIZE - NIVELLES - BELGIUM: SAME COMPRESSORS IN OPERATION SINCE 2004
• LOW DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES

• SMALLER GAS COOLERS
• LOW OIL CARRY OVER

• HIGH EVAPORATORS EFFICIENCY
PREVIOUS GAS PASSAGE NEW GAS PASSAGE
• ADDITIONAL CASTED PARTITION (SEPTUM):

• CO2 STREAM COMING FROM THE ROTOR-STATOR CAVITY IS BY-PASSED
• BY GRAVITY OIL DROPLETS FALL BACK INTO THE COMPRESSOR SUMP

CO2 Compressors

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CO2 COMPRESSORS

• MEDIUM TEMPERATURE MODELS / PARALLEL COMPRESSORS / HVAC / HEAT PUMPS

• from 1.1 m3/h to 59 m3/h

• M MODELS: TYPICAL ON-OFF CYCLING

• H MODELS: BEST CAPABILITY DRIVE OVER 50 Hz TOLERATING UNDER-VOLTAGE

• LOW TEMPERATURE MODELS

• from 1.1 m3/h to 59 m3/h

• from 1.8 m3/h to 49 m3/h

• CD2S RANGE: DOUBLE STAGE - TRANSCRITICAL

• from 1.45 m3/h to 15.1 m3/h

• DESIGN FEATURES - CASCADE LT APPLICATIONS:

• SMALL DIFFERENCES WITH HFC TECHNOLOGY: SINERGY IN PLACE

• SIMILAR STRESS TO R410A APPLICATIONS

• DESIGN FEATURES - TRANS-CRITICAL APPLICATIONS:

• MUCH LARGER STRESSES

• NO POSSIBLE SYNERGY WITH HFC TECHNOLOGY (COMPETITION)

R404A - R410A - CO2 SC - CO2 TC

• LP UP TO 100 bar (Pss)

• MUCH LARGER DELTA_P

• SEVERE TRIBOLOGY CHALLENGES

• MUCH HIGHER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES

• COMPRESSORS TO BE DESIGNED FROM “SCRATCH”

• HIGH PRESSURES [DISCHARGE UP TO 160 bar]

• SUPERMARKET APPLICATION [-10°C/35°C, EVAPORATING/AMBIENT]

• ADAPTATION OF STANDARD HFC TECHNOLOGY: NOT POSSIBLE !

• DORIN SOLUTION: AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• HIGH DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES WITH RELATIVELY LOW PRESSURE RATIO

• COMPRESSOR RUNNING @ (13/104) bar - PRESSURE RATIO = 8

• ADAPTATION OF STANDARD HFC TECHNOLOGY: NOT POSSIBLE !

• DORIN SOLUTION: AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN

• ACCELERATED LIFETIME TESTING OUT OF THE APPLICATION ENVELOPE

• MAX DELTA_P (20/140) bar:

MAX MECHANICAL LOAD

• MAX PRESSURE RATIO (13/104) bar:

MAX DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE (210°C)

• MAX LOAD (60/140) bar:

MAX POWER INPUT AND MAX OIL DILUTION

• SHORT CYCLING (2s RUN / 4s STOP - 200.000 TIMES)

• LIQUID RETURN - WET OPERATION

• SYSTEM COST SAVINGS SECURED BY THE USE OF DORIN COMPRESSORS

LARGE DISPLACEMENTS: LESS COMPRESSORS & COMPONENTS,

EFFICIENCY: HIGH COP, LOW RUNNING COSTS

LOW NOISE LEVELS: NO ADDITIONAL SOUND-

EXTRA-ROBUSTNESS: LONGER LIFETIME,

LOW DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES:

LOW OIL CARRY OVER: HIGH EVAPORATORS EFFICIENCY

UNIQUE OPTION FOR SMALL CAPACITIES

UNIQUE SOLUTION FOR LARGE CAPACITIES

LARGE DISPLACEMENTS: LESS COMPRESSORS & COMPONENTS,

• LOW NOISE LEVELS

• LOW NOISE LEVELS

• EXTRA-ROBUSTNESS: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS (COMBUSTION ENGINES)

• EXTERNAL DISCHARGE MANIFOLD: CARS

• VIPER HEAD ROD: CARS

• LONGER LIFETIME, LOWER LIFE CYCLE COST

• LOW DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES

• LOW OIL CARRY OVER

PREVIOUS GAS PASSAGE NEW GAS PASSAGE

• ADDITIONAL CASTED PARTITION (SEPTUM):

• BY GRAVITY OIL DROPLETS FALL BACK INTO THE COMPRESSOR SUMP

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