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CHAPTER 1 Measurements, Uncertainties and Vectors - Past Papers MS
CHAPTER 1 Measurements, Uncertainties and Vectors - Past Papers MS
CHAPTER 1 Measurements, Uncertainties and Vectors - Past Papers MS
Paper 1
1. A
[1]
2. D
[1]
3. D
[1]
4. B
[1]
5. C
[1]
6. B
[1]
7. D
[1]
8. D
[1]
9. B
[1]
10. D
[1]
11. B
[1]
12. A
[1]
13. B
[1]
14. B
[1]
15. D
[1]
16. A
[1]
17. A
[1]
18. B
[1]
19. C
[1]
20. B
[1]
21. D
[1]
22. D
[1]
23. D
[1]
24. A
[1]
Paper 2
1. (a) line of best fit is not straight / line of best fit does not go through origin; 1
(iii) gradient = k;
calculation of gradient to give 0.23 (accept answers in
range 0.21 to 0.25);
evidence for drawing or working with lines of maximum
and minimum slope;
answers in the form k = 0.23± 0.03; 4
Accept an uncertainty in k in range 0.02 to 0.04.
First marking point does not need to be explicit.
(iv) cm2; 1
[14]
2. (a) (i) the graph is not linear/a straight line (going through the
error bars) / does not go through origin; 1
(ii) 7.7 m s–1; (N.B. line is drawn for candidate, answer must be correct) 1
3. (a) reads off R and T values correctly for at least two different coordinates
on line;
shows RT not constant / other sensible test e.g. R halves, T does
not double;
hence hypothesis not supported; 3
Award [0] for bald unsupported conclusion.
(ii) draws straight line through all error bars (judge by eye);
evidence of use of line to determine gradient;
b: gradient in range 1500 to 1700;
a: intercept in range –1.7 to –2.3; 4
Award [2 max] for solutions where a and b are found
using data points (i.e. no line used)
(b) suitable curve that goes through the two error bars;
and through (0,0); 2
(c) a straight line cannot be drawn through the error bars and through
the origin;
so height is not directly proportional to the diameter;
(and) height is proportional to energy; 3
(d) the gradient of the line gives the value of the power coefficient/exponent/
lg d = lg h + constant and lg d = lg h + constant;
gradient of data line = 0.33 (±0.02) ;
gradient of max and gradient of min = 0.37 (±0.02) and 0.29(±0.02);
some conclusion as to why this supports theory 1 e.g. therefore
the uncertainties do not allow for n = 0.25 so data supports theory 1; 4
[11]
(b) suitable curve that goes through the two error bars;
and through (0,0); 2
(c) a straight line cannot be drawn through the error bars and through
the origin;
so height is not directly proportional to the diameter;
(and) height is proportional to energy; 3
(d)
(ii) theory 1
either d against /d against should produce a straight line;
theory 1 graph has a straight line that goes through the origin and
all the error bars; 2
[11]
(d) ;
graph of v2 against n is a straight-line;
that goes through the origin; 3
[11]
7. (a) (i) no
the graph is not linear / not a straight line; 1
(ii) a straight horizontal line through the initial points along the T axis;
a smooth curve through the remaining points (T = 4.4 K to 7.0 K); 2
The straight line and curve do not need to be joined.
(b) R = 0 Ω; 1
Do not apply unit mark.
(ii) 4.3 K;
±0.1 (K); 2
Allow ECF from (c)(i).
(d) the data are for low temperatures well below room temperature;
no reason to assume the trend will continue to room temperature;
the data shows R varying sharply at TC and another such transition
might take place below room temperature;
mercury is a liquid at room temperature; 2 max
Award any other sensible answer.
[10]
(d) large (at least half of line) triangle from straight line portion of graph;
slope = 0.012(±0.001)(m s–1);
volume per second=area × slope;
(0.022 m3 s–1) 3
Alternatively for [2 max].
determines height difference over time range within 0 and 120 s;
volume per second = ;
(0.022 m3 s–1)
(g) graph starts at same point but half initial gradient by eye;
line always lower than original by eye and ending about way down y-axis;
Original line need not be shown. Allow ECF from (c) if the curve
begins at (0, 3.5).
2
[14]
(b) a straight line cannot be drawn through the error bars; Accept the error
bar comment with a straight line drawn on graph.
that goes through the origin; 2
(ii) ;
∆ v2 = 272 × 2 × ;
∆ v2 ≈ (±)300(m2 s–2) or ≈(±)270 (m2 s–2); 3
or
percentage error/uncertainty in v = (18.5 =) 19%;
percentage of error/uncertainty in v2 = 37%;
absolute error ≈ (±)300 (m2 s–2) or ≈ (±)270 (m2 s–2)
Answer must be to one or two significant figures.
(d)
use of gradient triangle over at least half of line;
gradient = 640 (±40);
= k2 to give k = = 25(±1);
unit of k is or m s–1 ; 4
Do not penalize omission of factor of 1000 for missing y-axis
label if already penalized in (c). Treat as ecf.
[11]
10. (a) (i) reasonable curve drawn up to 15 m s−1 that does not go through zero; 1
Expect smooth single-line within one square of each correctly plotted
point.
(ii) shape of curve wrong / curve does not go through zero; 1
(iii) 5% = ± 30;
correct drawing of error bar; 2
(c) advantage:
wind is renewable so no resources used up / wind is free / no chemical
pollution / carbon dioxide emission / does not add to the enhanced
greenhouse effect;
disadvantage:
expensive initial/capital costs / large land area needed / visual / noise pollution
/ winds unpredictable/not constant / affect on birds; 2
Award any other suitable advantage or disadvantage.
[12]