•This method was chosen since the last mini project determined positive spatial autocorrelation at a distance band

of ~1,200 meters. After the annual crime data was joined to the 100 meter grid, python field calculations were used to replace nulls with zeros.

Barrio Logan: An Exploratory Data Analysis

by Jacob Helfman Scan this QR code to be directed to the accompanying story map (http://arcg.is/4yb0S):

Results
 Directional distribution ellipse is wider in Downtown than in
Barrio Logan
 Ellipses overlap on National Avenue, at 7 project locations
 Clustering of vandalism is not random per the spatial
autocorrelation
 Zmax = 11.2 at 1,200 meters (~ length of project area)
 Crime cold spots become less intense from 2011 to 2013
 Hot spots generally moved in an eastward direction
 Statistically significant clustering of crime occurred in Downtown
and Barrio Logan

Distance (m) Moran’s index Z score

400 0.103425 8.616853
600 0.082000 9.947152
800 0.064028 10.050397
1000 0.056483 10.927497
1200 0.049656 11.200711
1400 0.039695 10.362309
1600 0.033047 9.759855
1800 0.031065 10.251189
2000 0.027429 10.042618

Introduction Research Questions

Barrio Logan is one of the most important pieces of history for San Diego, Chicano Civil 1. Where are there patterns of vandalism relative to unpainted utility boxes in Barrio Logan?
Rights and the Chicano Art Movement. Its neighborhoods have historically endured 2. Is there a directional trend or pattern to this variation? Where is there clustering? How has this changed over time?
hardships, including discriminatory zoning laws and significantly negative impacts to its
businesses and housing. Since the protests of 1970, which led to the creation of Chicano Park, 3. What is the best way to have the community explore the utility box public art project?
the community has experienced resilience, economically and artistically. A public art program
would further engage the community and contribute to neighborhood beautification. The
predictive capabilities of hotspot mapping[1] inspired me to conduct a spatiotemporal crime Methods
analysis centered around a mock public art program in Barrio Logan. The program involved Software: ArcGIS Pro 2.1 and ArcMap 10.6.
mapping out potential project locations which were mostly unpainted utility box structures  Exploring patterns of vandalism
located along the community’s north main streets (Figure 1).  Data was acquired from the San Diego Regional Data Library’s 2007-2013 dataset[4]
It is suggested by some that communities that engage in public art experience  Mean Center, Center Feature, and Directional Distribution (Standard Deviational Ellipse) tools
improved economic development[2] and decreased crime rates[3]. In addition, a public art were used to identify spatial patterns of vandalism
program can be considered a countermeasure against illegal graffiti and tagging. Performing a  The Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I) tool was used to determine whether the crime
geostatistical analysis on crime data in the Barrio Logan and its surrounding communities data was clustered, random or dispersed. The results were used to guide the Hot Spot Analysis.
would be useful in developing a successful public art program. The results of this analysis  Determining crime clusters
could help direct our attention to areas with higher incidences of crime and eventually  A Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) was run on the “Count” field using the Euclidian distance
determine whether there’s a relationship between public art and higher crime rates. This method and a fixed distance band of 1,200 meters (the approximate length of the potential
could influence where utility boxes are painted and what art styles are chosen for that project area).
location. Perhaps the utility boxes could be strategically painted to prevent graffiti in areas of  Engaging with the public References
significantly clustered incidences of crime.  Story Map (see link/QR code at the top of this poster). The Story Map features two separate 1. Swain, A. W. 2012. A Comparison of Hotspot Mapping for Crime Prediction. Lancaster University (20th annual GIS Research UK Conference), April 2012.
https://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/~gisteac/proceedingsonline/GISRUK2012/Papers/presentation-72.pdf
maps, one map that highlights businesses, restaurants and art galleries, and a another map 2. Rosenfeld, D. 2012. “The Financial Case for Public Art.” CITYLAB, May 28, 2012. https://www.citylab.com/design/2012/05/financial-case-public-art/2113/
3. Sakip, S. R. M. et al. 2012. The Relationship between Crime Prevention through Environmental Design and Fear of Crime. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences (ASIA Pacific
featuring the potential locations for public art projects. International Conference on Environment-Behavior Studies). December 9, 2012. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812057370#!
4. San Diego Regional Data Library. San Diego Region Crime Incidents 2007 – 2013 [Shapefiles]. Created May 13, 2013. Available via San Diego Regional Data Library website:
https://data.sandiegodata.org/dataset/clarinova_com-crime-incidents-casnd-7ba4-extract/resource/45edbde0-1179-44ac-8eac-19c446f50cc9. Accessed April 15, 2018.