fcm^issssmimvs

FS\ /V

PERSIAN FOR TRAVELLERS.

By ALEXANDER FINN,
H.J1.

F.R.G.S., F.R.A.S.,

CONSUL AT RESHT,

$art

OW GRAMMAR. ENGLISH-PERSIAN VOCABULARY,

RTJIDIIMENTS

LONDON:
TRUBNER &
CO., 57

&

59,

LUDGATE

HILL.

1884.
\_All rights reserved.']

^2*~$
(

*!'

TO

MADAME SCHOFER,
IN

REMEMBRANCE OF CONVERSATIONS HELD AT TAJREESH, ON THE

SUBJECT OF

THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE, THIS WORK

IS

RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY HER VERY OBEDIENT

SERVANT,

THE COMPILER.

PREFACE.
This
ners.
is

a work of no pretensions.

It

is

essentially a

work

for begin-

for a complete grammar than that by Mirza Ibrahim (Allen, 1841). Richardson's no better There are even still holds its own as the best extant.

To those who wish

I can

recommend

Dictionary

words in this which would not find their way into a learned lexicon, but are nevertheless useful, not to say necessary, to those holding
intercourse with

the natives

{i.e.

slang).

No

learned attempt has

here been

words or always to represent the same Persian by the same English letters; each word has been able written down as seems to be necessary for any Englishman to be

made

to phoneticize the

VI

PEESIAN GEAMMAE.
it

to pronounce
hesitation.

intelligibly to Persian ears at first sight

and without

Englishmen, on seeing a word for the first time, usually strain their mouths and their voices in order to give the words what they imagine
to be a proper accent

vowels.

and sound, especially when dealing with the I entreat those who may use this book to treat the words as
I

though they were English.

proper
effect

have done

my

best to produce the

by the usual methods.

long, or broadly, I have

marked

it

Where an a has to be pronounced with the sign we used at school in

dealing with Latin, and have avoided French accents and Hunterian

marks, the use of which, except by the initiated, only end in producing
results as curious as unnecessary.

PREFACE.

Vit

The

letter g,

whenever

it

appears, should be pronounced hard, as in

give and get.

As a
t,

rule h

when met with must

be aspirated (unless after

its

c.

g, k,

s,

z,

when

of course that combination has

proper sound), as in beltto be aspirated it has

ter (better).

When

at the end of a

word h has

been written double as in vazehJi (evident).

thanks to Hajji Mirza Hassan Moonshee, of the British Legation, for the valuable assistance he has rendered me in writing in the Persian words of this Vocabulary.
I beg to express

Here

my

ALEXANDER FINK

INTRODUCTION,
Pebsian Grammar
two conjugations.
is

simplicity

itself.

There

is

only one declension and

Substantives have the nominative and aocusative, the latter formed by adding ra to the former the other cases, with the exception of the genitive, are formed by the addition of the usual as be to the
:

particles,

(to)

dative,

az

(from)

to

the

ablative, &c.

The genitive alone

i ;
.

is

peculiar,

and

is

formed either by the particle

az, or, as

by the termination of the previous word in J^d. t.

in other Oriental languages* for example,

Utah.
the book.

The cover
Sag*

of (sign of genitive)
,

shuma.
you,
i.e.

The dog

of (sign of genitive)

your dog.

X
A'i A'i

PERSIAN GRAMMAR.
sag
i

shumd amad

jild

kitdbra az khdneh be beiroon burd.

i

Oh!

(vocative) sag

dog (nominative)
i

of [sign of genitive)

shumd

you amad came

of (sign of genitive) kitdb the book-ra (sign of accusative) az from (ablative) khdneh the house be to (dative) beiroon jild cover

outside burd took.

ADJECTIVES
are declined in the same

way as substantives. There are three degrees of comparison. For comparative add ter to the positive, and for the superlative add tereen ; for example,
bad bad
badter

badtereen
worst

worse

x ii

PEESIAK GEAMMAB.
There are two conjugations, the one ending in tan and the other
in

as

a rule the latter

is

perfectly regular.

The
first

perfect

tense

is

dans formed

directly

from the root of the

to give,'

infinitive, in

both conjugations,

ex. grat.,

dddan

to person singular add an the root; for the second person add ee; the third person is the same as the In the plural add eem to the root for the first person, eed for the root.
'

dad being the

root.

For the

second, and

and

for the third, thus

^.ita

Dddan.

Infinitive.
Plural*
1.

Singular.
1.

pata

dadam,
dad

^ata
Jjota

dadeem
dadeed

2. 3.

\jo^ dadee
<>b

2. 3.

^b

dadand

Veebs.

xm

^f
Imperative.

Kardan.-*" To do."
Past Participle.

2nd
2nd

pers. sing., pers. plur.,

jTbe koon JuiJo be kooned

i^rkardeh

PEESENT.
Singular
1.
1

Plural.
1.

2.
3.

*^ mi kiinam jj^c mi kiini jJ^* mi kunad

PeEFECT.

^C* mi kuneem
mi kuneed mi kunand .x^o
v*l

2.
3.

1.

j.^ kardam

1.

*}.}/'

kardeem

2.
3.

^^kardee
^T
kard

2. 3.

Jj^T kardeed

Jj^Tkardand

XIV

FEBSIAN GEAMMAB.
FlJTUEE.
1.

sf j\y kbabam kard

1.

>ap

*jjlja.

kbabeem kard

2.
3.

if ^y*
^Jjfclji.

kbabee kard

2.

kbabad kard
,J--

3.

if^fi\y^ kbabeed kbard kbaband khard i>j J^lji.

Shudan.

" To

become."
Past Participle. sJw. shudeb

Imperative.

2nd 2nd

pers. sing.,

besbo

pers. plural, Jjj^j

besbaveed
Peesejstt.

Singular.
L.
.
ft'i

Plural.
1. 2.

i'

;t .O

'

mi sbavam mi sbavee mi sbaveed

*jj^ mi sbaveem Jj^^o mi sbaveed

Jo*-<a

3.

mi sbavand

VEEBS.

XV

Pekfect.
1.
-J-i.

shudam
shudee

1.

^Jwi

shudeem
shudand

2. 3.

i^J^i

2.
3.

OiJ shudeed
JJJ-2>

oi shud
Ftjtuee.

1.

>X>

**

khaham shud
kkahee shud

khaheem shud
khaheed shud

khahad shud
o 0j>
Imperative.

khahand shud
Boodan.

"To

be."

Past Participle.
bash
sjjj

2nd 2nd

pers. sing.,

Jil?

boodeh

pers. plur., J^l.

basheed

XVI

PERSIAN GRAMMAR,

Present.
1,
2,

bastam
hastee

1,

basteem
hasteed

2, 3.

3,

o-a

bast

bastand

Perfect.
1*

**y boodam

1
2
.

p>ty.
Joji^j

boodeem
boodeed.

2.

^sy

boodee

3,

zy bood

Jisy boodaud.

Future,
1.

*y
jjj

iSk

^ kbabam bood
kbab.ee bood

1.

2.
3.

i^ ^*-

2. 3.

*y t*^y* kbabam bood zy JuaI^. kbabeed bood ty

Xjklji.

iy

^y,

kbabed bood

kbahaud bood

VEBBS.

XV U

^.sb

Dadan." To

give."

ImperaWi*.

^
Present

s'

PatrUcvple

2nd pers. 2nd pers.

sing., ^> plur.,

bedeb

.>b

dadeb.

***> bedeheed.
Plural.

Singular.
1. 2.

**J**

mi dabam
i

1. 2.

^stbj-*

,/^ m

dabee

3.

JaJ-o mi dabad

3.

mi dabeem j^jujo mi dabeed j^j-o mi daband.

Perfect.
1.

..ab

dadan

1.

^ab dadeem
Joob dadeed
jjjb dadand

2. 3.

t$ib dadee

2. 3.

ab dud

xvm

PEESIAN GEAMMAB.
FUTTJEE.
1.
alo
^IJ>

khaham dad r^yy*'i.

1*3. c^y- khahee dad Jj1 khahad dad

1.

2.
3.

2.

jb

2.
"

jU **)_> khaheem dad ^b J^W> khaheed dad jU jjj^ji- kbaband dad

;

y^J^i.

Khdstan.

To

will

to wish

to want."

Imperative.

Past Participle.

2nd 2nd

pers. sing.,

s\j&

bekhah
bekhaheed

.vzwlfti.

kbasteb

pers. plur., J*fcjy

Pee sent.
Singular.
1.

Plural.
1
.

**ly**

mi khaham
khahee

*t*>\y&*

mi khaheem mi khahand

2. ^'^a** nii 3. jjklyt*

2.
3.

J**

^" mi khaheed

mi khahad

J^Jkly**

VERBS.

XIX

Perfect.
1.
2. 3.
'

khastam
khastee
L**'

1.

*=-Jj.

kkasteeni

2. Jtf-V"
3.

khasteed

Iti.

khast

J^-ly- kkastand

Future.
1. 2.

-_t.
Us.
^fcl^i.

khaham khast
kkahee khast

1.

(^Jy.
'

^elj

khaheem khast
khahand khast

2. o-\j43.
i

J^y- kkaheed khast

jj^ly.

3.

khast oJ^i. J*lji khahand

Eemark
Persians give, as nearly as they In quoting another person's words the - He said that In English we say, used. can, the words that he actually ' " said I am coming. he was coming ;" in Persian they say, He

XX

PEBSIAN GEAMMAB.

PRONOUNS.
The pronouns are, as in other languages, three, but in Persian they have no geuder, and are as follows
:

I,

^
y
\

Mun
To

We,
You,
They,

Thou,

L Ma Li Shuma
l3l

He

or she,

An, vulg., Oon.

is

.AnTia, vulg.,

Oon/ia

Colloquially the possessive

formed by adding,

In the Singular, ui, In the Plural, ^li,

In the substantive,

o,
'J,

m,

t,

sh

ma, tan, shan

ex. gfrat., asp, a horse.

KTJMEEALS.

XXI

IS
2\

aspcm,
aspat,

my

horse

t*

fcJ3 aspi-rna,

our horse

thy horse

JL1A aspi-tdn,

your horse

his horse jJL\ aspash,

horse at\ aspi-shdn, your

NUMEEALS
1.

eL yek

10.

J
o^jlj

$a7i

2.
3.

j* do a-, seh
.l^a.

11.
12. 13.

yazdah
doazdeh
seesdeh

s^
sisja*

chehfir

5.

jj

panj
shesh

14. sj.'^ chehardeh

15.

6.

s^jb panzdeh

7.
8. 9.

oft* 7ia/

16.

s^b
jjift

shdnsdeh
heevdeh
lieejdeh

hasht
ii

17. 18.

noh

*>**

xxu
19.

PEESIAN GEAMMAE.

PEESIAN VOCABULARY.

VOCABULARY.
A.
A, an, ek yek.
tarfc

Abettor, Jk ydr

e!^*
;

moharek.

Abide,

^JoU mandan

a &pi

j^>

Abandon,
Abase,
v.,

v.,

^j^Tdy
<-*&

kardan.

sukna nemoodan.
Ability, y kooveh,

^sf

khafeef Jcardan.

^jj

zarangi.

Abash, v., C^-L sakhtan.

Abbreviate,
/cardan.
.,

sJ^~ji>

sharmandeh

Able, d3jj zarang.

Ablution, J~ ghasl.

^^T^s* mukhtasar
\

Abdicate,

v.,

Abdomen, &>
Abet,
v.,

* ^ata W= istefa dadan. shaJcam.

Abode, ^K* makdn; j^ sukna. Abolisb, v., y*f ^-sfy. maukoofko.rdan. Abound, v., *y. &k) zidd boodan.
{
'

&sy>j

{jj^.

yari nemoodan.

Above, ^? bald.

YOCABTJLAEY.
About, jj dor.

jJ

(concerning),
Jax~n>

Absurdity,

dur yj>yi^. ji
Absolute,
takil.
jlia*

^^a
yj^

beehoodehgee.

Jchesoos.

mutlak;

mus-

Abundance, ,J^J faravani. Abundant, J\j\j faravdn.

Abuse, dan.
v.,

U.>

doshnam da-

Abscond,
Absent,

v.,

crM,

dur r oftan,

tf&kf gureekhtan.

Abuse, -Ilia doshnam.

Accelerate,
3

c J-i t-*il gha'ib shudan ; in mind, Jlc ghafil ; Je\ ^^.ji

v.,

v.,

J~ J-?

"

ta'ajeel

kardan.
Accept,
v.,

perishan-i-khater.
Abstain,!'.,

ytjf^jj kabool
pezeerdi'.

kard.an.

^Jj^ji parheez kardan;

Acceptance ^J \j> Aj
Access, cj/ fcwrb.

(to avoid), y&J?i^\a&\ ijtenab kar-

dan.
Abstinence, j-ft^ parlieez.
Accident, jlol itifak.
M
^/j***-?

Absurd, jou^j bee hoodeh; ma'ani.

bee

Accidental, ^^J'l itifaki.

Accidentally, IsUjI itifakan.

VOCABT/LAKY.

Accompany,
Tcardan.

v.,

osfj^j** Jiamrahee
shareeJc.

Accusation, \^>X^ shilcaet; U^l idaa;

(false), o-^j'

tuhmat.
shilcdet Jcardan
;

Accomplice,

<2k^.

Accuse,
Tcar-

Accomplish, dan.

v.,

^
le

^if oi^i

jUS

tamam

i>f\s.\ ida'a Jcardan.

Accordingly,

IJ*!

haza.
;

Accuse (falsely), zadan.

^j o# tuhmat
;

According (to), &\yc mo-afiJc la mo-jib.

^^_^
;

Accuser,
w

(J

^=
]

shalci

^<u

muda'i

*#u

mutahim.
ij*
v.,

Account (news),
ney),

j*z

Tchabar

(mo-

Ache,

dard.

uL
v.,

his sab.

Ache,

gsf

i>ji>

dard Jcardan.

Account,

yjjb v_jL^. Jiisab dadan. Accumulate, v., *f*+z. jam Jcardan.

Acid, <J>j tursh.

Acknowledge,
dan. Acorn,
kjij

v.,

o^tfj]/^ ihrar Jcar-

Accuracy, i^*-" sihhat. Accurate, ->*"" sahheeJih.

baloot.

4
Acquaint, v., tan ; a iUS

VOCABULAKY.

^U
t ^jl
^t*

U^l

!W1 -it-iZa

ashnd dadan.
fee

salch

Adhere,
Adhesive,

v.,

^J*

chaspeedan
chaspndk.
5

^ysjf jlai'

ta'aluk giriftan.

Acquaintance, U-l ashnd.

Acquire,
v.,
;

e)U-~~*.

-iyaa

tesaroof

awardan
Acquit,
{

Admire,

v.,

ydftan.

^^x^jpasand kardan.

v., yj^j

t-iW ma' af kardan;

Admit,
(to

v.,

o^J*
v.,

kabool kardan;

2zjT ue>'h khelass kardan.

Acquittal, ^^.i khelas.

Across, ^--^jl az sar be sar.

room), kardan.

^f

Ji-b ddkhel

Act,

v.,

moodan.
Actual,

^f

kardan

^^J

%e-

Admonish, dadan.

^ta

otf^'

naseehat

Admonition, o.*^ naseehat.

Adopt,
v.,

Action, ^as

fi-el.

^^j

jUil ikhtidr ne;

J*??*-

hakeeki; aJL, hali-eh.

v.,

moodan.
Adoration, o^Lc ibddet
rises7i.

Add

(arithmetic),

kardan;

(increase),

^j/a^. jam' O ^js\afzoodan.

J^~^ P

YOCABTJLAET.
Adore,

^^^ji peresteedan. Adorn, v., &\j\ arastan; ^[^jpeev.,

Adversary,
hareef ;
Adversity,

&+Z* do simian

<-kj*

j^^
v.,

vandal.

rastan.
Adulterate,
v.,

\ held; j^^ lad bakhti.

a af

*f

tjli

malhloot

Advertise,

kardan.
Adultery,
dfidan
lij

kardan;
zena.
J~ri peesh

a &\a

j^> viuntesher /-^ intishfir da-

dan.
Advice, \s^f naseehat.
Advise,
v.,

Advance (money), v., ^ata

;

(proceed),

^j

J~j peesh

d*

o&*

naseehat da-

raftan.

dan.
Affair, j Vkfir; j*\

kaAdvance-guard, J 5 l/ J~i peesh a*-* J^i raool ; (advanced camp),

amr.

peesh

Tcheimeh

(advanced

in

Affidavit,

^S

hasam.

sal Tchoordeh. years), ti>j^^>

Affirm, aifj)f\

Mr fir

Jcardan.

Advantage, J^ fai-edeh.

Affirmation, j\j\ ikrar.

VOCABTTLAEY.
Affix, v.,

cjJ^-* chaspeedan; (seal), nemooden. ^.i^gj kardan ; Afflict, v., a*f)^* dilkhor e)U^ ghumnak boodan. sy. dowlet mundee.. Affluence,

Age,j+* umr. Agent Jij vakeel.

Agile, jjfirx
Agility,
;

&j) zarang.
;

&J firzee
v.,
v.,

J^jj zarangi.
^jj->.

^J^j^

J^^j* dowlet onund. Affront, v., *s~j# bee hormat kardan.

Affluent,

^f

Aggrandize, kardan.
Agree,

btizurg

c ^> ^f>\ rdzi shudan.

Afraid (to be), a *~>j tarseedan.

After,
*> la'

Agreement, j\j kardr.

zaru'at. Agriculture, u~p1j tab va larz. fever), j)3

ad; u^fus.
See After.

Afternoon, j^- asr.

Ague (and

Ah
J* *1

si

ah;

\j

vali

J\j vdi.

Afterwards,

v.
;

Again, jl> bdz

^^ do bdrah.
;

Ahead, J~i
Aid,
Ail,

peesh.
;

^> zid Against, <-i^ khelaf ;

mukabil.

&Skomek
1'.,

^ o*# ^
^ ee

>J-

medad.
boodan.

VOCABULARY.

Aim
Aim,

(object),
-ullj

get),

&y*U mdhsood nishdneh.

(tar-

Allegiance, o*Ul ferman berdari.

Alleviate,
v.,

itd-at

ifj\*j$*j

v.,

&*/ JjI/
haw a.
i^-t*

Icaraool giriftan.

&*ff kam

hardan.

Alliance,

Air, lj*

Allow,
>'

v.,

J^ ahd; J&Sl itifak. ^\^guzdshtan ; ^b

&**

Alarm,
fe/iof.

* Mrs

p**

^eem; uiji

izn dddan.
Alloy, j \? iydr.

Alas.

See Ah.
Alloy,
v.,

Alcove, i^A5 ^ s ^"^ nesheen.

Alert, jl-A* ho shy dr.

o*M

*V r fccw^om.
cv-jJ

dadan. Allure, ujdb u-i/ /areeb

Ally,

&

ra/eefc;

,U

a/ar

Alien, aJ^j beegdneh.

doost.

Alight,
Alike,
All,

v., e)J^

*>W piddeh shudan,

raisl.

Almanack,

*jj&j

tahveem.

^ **

barabar ; Ji*

Almighty
ta'ald.

(the),

JU

J\>& khodd

hameh.

V0CABT7LAKY.
J^Ij
eloji

Almond,
Almost,
kareeb.

bddam.
nazdeek
;

Although, ** f\ igur cheh.

>-*>.J^

an

Altitude, t^xL boolandi;

clai'jl

irtifa\

Altogether,

**U

bahum

U^**.

ja-

Alms,

<wJw>

sadakeh.
dJ

mee'dn.

Aloe,^
Along,
Aloof,

sabr.
;

Alum,
talc.

Jl'j

zak.

Alone, V-> tanlia

^jljJo be derdzee.

Always, *-* hameesheli. Am (I), *x~a hastam.

J^

ba'eed.

Amanuensis,

*_J

lf

katib.

Already, u-jj j\ J^j peesli as vaklit ; be een (as a question), tjsj)

Amass,

v.,

sjf *j? jam' kardan.

zoodee.
Also, **

Amaze, v., ^Jf^^*. hayran Tcardan. Amazement, <*s? ajab; hayrat;

o^

Alter, v.,

hum yj neez ; v^v^j* avaz

;

\J\

a'izan.

t.s50 ta'ajub.
'

liar dan.

Altercation, ataU* nwjadileh.

Ambassador, J* eelchi. kahruba. Amber,

,

\^

VOCABULARY.
Ambition, buland.
yj>j

Mrss ;

jJb,ki

nazar

Ample, \^i^kejdiet ; ^kafi.

Amputate,

v.,

^^ji buridan.
o

Ambitious, Ji5jJb buland nazar.

Anathema,

e^aJ la'anat.

Amble, Amble,

&/_
v.,

yurgheh.

Ancestors, ^ba-1 ajdad.

^j

&ji

yurgheh raftan.

Anchor,

Ambuscade, v^Skameen.

f langar. Ancient, **J kadeem

xa, o.
a-oS

i^kohneh.

Amend,
cJ

v.,

^j^o--,^ drust kardan;

tas'hheehh.

iJ

T ^s^ tas'hheehh kardan.

**?***

And, j

Anecdote,

kisseh.

Amendment,
Amiable,
bdnee.

iy^j^

ndzeneen.
;

Anew,

y)\ azno.
;

Amity, j^j* doostee

<J^* mehridakhil.

Angel, *>j ferishteh Anger, ^3 kahr.

ell*

malak.

Among, ^jL* micin ; Jo-1^ Amount, *i*o mublagh.

i^^goosheh. Angry, jl jfkaj khulk.

;

Angle, jS'kung

10
AnguJsh,jlj1 azdr.

YOCABULAET.
Ant,

^jy

murcheh.

Animal, jjSW jawwer s

o^ haiwdn.
^y^
]

Antagonist,
kabil.

u%

hareef;

J>'*

mo-

doshAnimosity, i^Tceeneh; j+ adawat.[]chan i zoreki mdni; ojIj^ ustuAnkle, srTwtssefc; J, 5j tawdreekh. Annals, &,\y

Antelope,
Anterior,

1p* jay ran.

c^r-s-i

c^
v.,

Antimony,
Anxiety,

Jpeesheen.

surmeh.
tashveesh.

Annex,
dan.

^jH payvastan.
v.,

J^.^
jwd#
^y->

Annihilate,

o*f

^ tamdn

Tear-

Any,

,* lieech.
\J.
;

Apart,

\y

seevd.

Announce, &&\*j&
Anoint,
.,

Wwhr

dadan.
'

Apartment,
Apologize,

manzel.
zr TcMstan.

^f^Jrs

charl kardan

mos'hil. Aperient, J4-*

v.,

Another, f.s

Jk

yeki deeger.

tr-ly- jj*

Answer,
Answer,

vlja. jaivab.
v.,

Apology, j <& uzr.

&a\a v\j>

jawal dadan.

Apoplexy,

*~>

sakMeh.

VOCABTTLAEY.
Apostle, Jj~^ resool.

11
(to

Apply

put together),

v.,

a tyj

Islt

dawfiApothecary, j^s- atdr ; jLlj-a

sfiz.

alka nemoodan; (to ask),

Tchdstdn
;

^^-^

Apparatus,

uLI

ash fib

i=>511

alat.

c^/Jlf- soofil Tear dan. Tcardan. Appoint, o^'jy^ ma'amoor

Appointment, c^j-U, ma'amoori-et.

Apparel, db_# poshfiTc.

Apparent, >lt

shuo^.Uj nimayfin Appear, v., shudan. dan; ^J^ta^ nemoodfir

zfiher

^vfizehh.

Apportion, dan.
Appraise,

v.,

j/ow Tcismet karTcaimat Tcar-

v.,

^/c^"

Appearence, yUi sa7ier;

jj, zehoor.

U5

nema

dan.

Apprehend

(to sieze), v.,

*~>J

jaf girifturseedan;
a+*\j vfihe-

Appertain,

v.,

^ ^ tfibeh shudan.
afereen guftan.

tan;

(to fear),
&+s>\j

Appetite, l^l ishtiha.

^\z
meh.

vfihemeh dasMan.

Applaud,
Apple,

v.,

^^.}\

Apprehension, v*J turs;

<-~- seeb.

12
Apprentice, ^/li shagird. Approach, v., v&izj nazdeek.

VOCABULARY.
Architect,

o-J^ mohandaz.
-

Archives,^!

Is

deftiter.

Approbation, x*~j pasand; JoJjI^* sawdbdeed.

Ardour,
Are,
(v.,

o^c

gheirat.

Approve,

^^jJjj pasandeedan ; *p Jw-j pasand kardan.

v.,

Area, ^Ij^

Introduction). may dan.

Argue,

'u.,

*f ^sS guft
y^ib

o goo kar-

Apricot, jlbj zard aloo. Apt, J? Is kdbil ; Jj}) ld-yik

dan
;

J^+zS' keshmdkish
j>_[i

t_L

ddshtan.
Arid, elli. khuskh,
bdyer.

Aquatic,
Arbiter,

<^1

abee.
sd-liss.

Aries,

J*a. hernial.

cJU
a&

Aristocracy,

^y>
l-jL-s.

buzurgdn.
hisdb.

Arbitrary,

,JU;
;

zdlim.

Arithmetic,

Arch,

jll

ul^

mihrdb.

Ark, 4uLi safeeneh.

Archer, j ljiJ- sadaltddr.

Arm, jjl

bazoo.

VOCABULARY.
Arm,
v., j^x-j

13
v.,

as^' asleheh bastan;

Arrest,

j&f giHftan;

ly^jSkamar

bastan.

habs Tcardan.
Arrival, tjjj verood; Jy>j vesool

Armoury, aiU. *&. jubbeh Tchaneh. Armour, j\j. yea rah.

Armpit,
J*j

Arrive,

v.,

&~>j rasidan

s a JLmI -jJ
\

baghal.
t^j*

vdrid shudan.

Arms, asM aslaha,

harbieh;
elba.

o^l alat
asTcar.

Arrogance, j^/- gheroor.

Arrogant,jj^i* maghroor. U^l ida a Tcardan. Arrogate, v.,

oj.il

adawati jang.

Army, J& leshkar^jC^Arouse,

v.,

^J

Around, tj^ijfgerdagerd;
Arrange,
v.,

j^

dor.

Arrow, j
Arsenal,
*3

teer.
Hi

^^T^Ijuj beedar Tcardan.

1*

x&jubbeh

Tchaneh.

^^0-,^

drust Tcardan;
Arsenic, yij-eK- marg-i-moosh.
bast.

^ta
Arrear,

J*3

nazm dddan.

Arrangement, o~j j

^ band
tetumeh.

Art,

^ /an

(jpl.

yi /anoon-).
is),

JU

bafct; a*3

Artery,

\^> sher'yan ;

rag.

14
hI

VOCABULAKY.
v.,

Articulate,

oif^

talafuz kar-

Ashamed,

J^u/.

sharmandeh.
j* bar

dan.
Artifice, aL* Jieeleh.
Artificial,

Ashes, i~^ls. klictkistei:

Aside, jbTjJ der kendr
taraf.
;

<J>}>

^y**

masnoo-ee.

Artillery, *i\&y toopkhdneh. bee vekoof Artless, <-jj3j*j

Seidell.

Ask,
;

i?.,

cj J^-^i

purseedan

&*/$}*

i*\~>

soodl kardan.
Asleep, sJ^j^i. kliabeedeh.

As, ay* clioon.

Ascend,

v.,

^J^l

91}

bdld-dmadan ;
tahkeek kar-

Asparagus, ajj^U
Ass, j* khar
;

war

choobeh.

^jbol^j ber

dmadan.

s$\ olak.
;

Ascertain,

v.,

&sf&**

Assassin, <jy* khoonee

Assassinate,
v.,
l

Jjls fcatil.

dan ;
Ascribe,

^f^* mo-ai-yen kardan.

v., .o^ta

jd^kusJitan.
featl.

c>i nisbat dadan.

zeban, gunjishk.

Assassination, Jx

Ash

(tree),

eLt^Vj

Assault

(military),

<u**

hamleh

VOCABULAEY.
hejoom ; (highJ.j^yoorish; vah zadan. way) o-ij'^

15

pp

Assembly,
majlis.

o*Ua.

jemd'at

c
;

<j*hs

iU* Assault,!?., a &) zadan; (military), burdan ; &*jj\ fj** a aj> hamleh
hejoom awardan ; (highway), tjj*], zf rah zani kardan ; (night), kardan. ^fjSju shalgeer
Assay (metal), jU iyar.
Assemblage,
jam'eeat.

Assent,
Assert,

J/M pezerd-ee J^ kabool.

;

v.,

&sf j\j\

ikrar kardan;

kardan. y&fi-aijsj ta'areef

Assertion, j \j>\ ikrar.

Assiduous,
Assign,
v.,

J.*s*

mukay-id.
ta-yeen kardan.
;

^^fv^
eUS"

u-V
*J\

majlis

o***?

Assist,

^U

komek dadan

aa*

^ib mojdad dadan.

v.,

Assemble,

dverdan ;

*f

f)f feraham kardan ; <**=> iom'

nemoodan.

Assistance,

<&'

komek;

ydri;

ix

madad.
;

d ^*5

Jgyrf tah-seel

Assistant, j^i yar

;U-J

dustyar.

16
Associate,
*)/**

YOCABULAET.

humrah

c>-^U
sliereek.

Astrologer,

humdust;
Associate,

&j rafeek; e^

Asunder,

W^
,

munajim.

jwda.

v.,

&f J>V

Icardan;

^^

hamrahee
yakeen

Asylum,
At,
Atheist,

staUj pendligah.

shereek shudan.

^ wuza' u^ pees/i.
u^a
duhri.
!j

Assurance (certainty),

&k

oJUUmowat;

(trust),

*\s&\ itakadj

Athirst, a^i' tishneh.

(impudence), Assure, v., &*}&& V dkeen kardan; kliaterjcim' kardan.

^j^

bee sliurmee.

Atmosphere,
Attach,
6

hdwa.

vzffi**-}^ ass Asthma, u- ** t an gi' e nef

Astonish,

v., ji~,j-ipayvastan. Attach, A+= hamleh ; J^ji yoorish

f^sf
fecw1

hijoom.
v.,

d-*/ e>W ckm ; (to be astonished), taajub kardan.

.,

****

Attain,

o-'/W

Attempt,

v.,

^l* yaftan. ikdam kardan;

^^\

\g~>
(to

sa-ee kardan.

Astonishment, c-^' taajub.

Attend

be present),

v.,

&*y.

S"

VOCABTJLAET.

17

Mzer hoodan ;
ij> v-Jj)j-

(to

pay attention),

Auction, ^\jt hardj.

mo-azib loodan.

Aunt
fc/ad-

Attendance,
metgar.

ux>^

khidmeb.
;

Attendant,^ noker

j-Ai
;

Auspicious,

<wc ummeh; (ma(paternal), ternal), ilU. klialeli. i=*aa eU neefc 6ttfcM.

Authentic,

Attention, a^y tavajuh

i>a;zet>w.

o-Wj* we-

_^

sahheehh.

Attest,

v.,

shehadet dabj^U o.sl

Authority, o,j5 kudrtit. Autograph, Wj->.> dust fcTmi.

kliasseesAvarice, Ja? bwfc/il; o~~~isat.

dan.
Attire, v.,

^ji pooslxeedan.

Avaricious, u-*-*- khassees.

Attitude, -j uuz'e. Attorney, Jij vakeel.

Avert,

v.,

c)

,>

./'f'

^a/'e kardan

Attract,

v., v.,

~sfkeslieedan.

jj\sf gardaneedan.
Avoid,
v.,

Attribute,

& *\*

i=*~i

nisbut da-

^J'^^ ijtenab kardan.

kardan.

dan.

Avow,

v., oifj\fi\ ikrdr

1%
Await,
v.,

VOCABTJLAEY.

a Z>Jaz^ muntezir shudan.

Tcardan. &sfj\<**> beeddr

B.

Awake,

v.,

Babe,

as:

bachali

J^

ti/L

Baboon,

Awake, jW* beeddr.

^^^ maymoon.
T

Bachelor, sjj* azctb.

gliaib.

Away
Awe,
Awl,

(absent),

Lj-jIs
;

Back,

o^

pwsW ;
bdz
;

zahr

turss \jj

<-> hhof.

again), "jU
u-j puss.

*j\>j&

; (back do-bdreh ;

Awhile, <JJ mudetti; lJUj zamdni.

u^ darafsh.
usljli

Backgammon,

&j

s&

tdkht

nurd.

Awry, J"fcej ; na hamvdr.

Axe,
j~>

ua

?'asi; j1jli

Bad,

Jo

bacL

tabar

(pickaxe),

eUT o-

nishdn ; ex.'&e. aldmat. Badge, Bag, *~fkeesseh; (horse's nose-bag), yy tubreh; (sack), Jlj* jaual;

&^

lan-ci.

(saddle-bags),
,j;j*-

^j*

hhoorjeen

Azure,

samavi

l|I

aM.

chanta. (carpet bag) a^-

VOCABULARY.
Baggage,
Bail,

19
(party), jo-^ dusteli.

&

honeli

yL!

asbdb.

Band

ojU^ zemanat; ^^kefdlat.

Jij vakeel
;

Bandage, J^ bund.
Bandit,
^jt\j

Bailiff,

J-o** moliussil.

rdh zan

^ duzd.
;

Bake

(in oven), c^ii

;

pookhtan

^ jpookhtan.
bake;

jyS j* der tanoor

Banish,

v., cJ .^r_ljl

ikhrdj kardan.
t-J lub.

Bank
;

Baker, l_yU ndnvd. Balance (scales), jj\j> tardzoo

(of river), jSkendr

y-la*

Bankrupt,
(of

mufliss

az~&j verbayduk.

shekesteh.

an account) meh.

J>[)

a*i>

tetum-

Banner, J& alam ;

J^j
;

Bald, tfkal; ^fkechel. Bale, azj basteh.

Ball (playing),
Aft' galooleli
;
i_>jj

Banquet, oiL zidfat mdnee.

;

<iW> meh~
Jw

toop

(musket)

Bar, J* meel

(of a river),

sudd;

(globe), sjS^kureh,

Bamboo, &\;j kliayzerdn.

Barb (of an arrow), jU. khdr.

20
Barbarian,
reek.

VOCABULARY.

^
>.

ajnahi

Vi> 9^'
salwawi.

Barter,

o>>/^ U modvezeh dan; ^/^moladelehkardan.

Tear.,

Barber,
Bare,

Bargain,

A ^jV

dalldh

jU-

herehneh;
kerdr
;

Base, JJJ zaleeZ;

^
A.J

fcato0r; (of a

arydn.
s,odon

building), aVft honydd.

as* ata.

Bashful,
'

c _rie71 Bargain, v, d ^3 -W Bark (of a tree), >z~>y,poost.

Basil

J^> sharmandeh. ree/iaw. (berb), d W,

Basin,

Zegraw; *is feu#0%j Basket, J-- sabad;

^1

fkdseli.

&j)

Barley, 3*

Barracks,

W)V

serlazhhaneh.
looleh
;

zanbeel-

BarreKofagun),^ Sr-4 P eePBarren

(land),

(cask),
x

Bastard,

f 1>

hardm zddeh.

Bastion, ^/. burj.

,

bfiyar.-j

(season),

Bat (animal),
Bath,

^ u^ s7mb pereh.
Jimvmdmi.

iClo. Tchuski.

U hammdm. r

Barricade,

JL,

sudd ;

^ bund.

Bathman,

^W*

VOCABTJLAEY.
Ml

21

Bathe,

^j
^j

*La.

hammam
;

raftan.

Bear

(suffer), v.,

(0^)

j^sAb J*as ta(carry),

Battle, t&j*jang

1^-i

dd-wd.

hamuldashtan,orkardan;
yj^j

Bawl,

tjxi

na'areh zadan.
Tchaleej
;

burdan.

Bay

(sea),

g*

(colour),

j^

Beard,

^j
jylja*

reesh.

kahar.

Bearer, J*U. hdmil.

js^-*

Bayonet,
Be,
.,

sar nayzeh.
c

Beast, Beat,

&y boodan ;

^~* hastan.

1?.,

hayvdn ; jy\* janivar. >; zadan; (conquer), ^Jte

shudan.
;

Hi

Beach, sjbTfcenare/i; JoZshutt; Ja.U

sa7ieZ.

^sXi glxdlib

ddneh; i&o molvreh. Beak,jlou murikdr ; & n>fc.

Bead,
jjla

Beautiful, o,^-> yi^i fcTios/i, soorat roo ; <sLi kashang. jija. fc/ios7i
jj

Beau,

s.,

ebis kasliang.
fe/jor.

Beani,^a> teer.

Becafico, j^ja?s' aryeer

Bean, ^iU bdkld.

Bear, y*^. khirss.

Because, il/j zeera fceh; d_j choon. Beckon, v., &fsJJS>\ islidreh kardan.

22

VOCABUIiAET
Beg, r., ^fj\^gedd-ee Beggar, \SSTgeda.
Begin,
v.,

Tcardan.

Become,

v.,

a * shudan.
-

Bed, B^y. Miabgah. rakht * kMh 5 Bedding, Bedroom, -iSly tfW otdk

M^ ^

c^/er

**

M'* ardan
;

M>0 5fc
-

'

ibtidd Beginning, \<&\

Behalf,

Jj\ avaZ.

Bedfellow,

v^r* ham

Wldl

sheet, J~S. sfcwrnwd;

v^molafeh.
*<*boor-

Bee,^j
i-asal.

zanboor;

J-^J

M Behave (respectfully), v., aivardan; (carelessly), adab beja

AJj

vaseteh.

0^
;

gM/ZZ sTwdan. Behaviour, oi> harakat

^JA

Jl*

(good),

Beer, 3*

^ 06 ijo.
j

Beetroot,
Befal,
i'.,

J^
J

cheghondar.

^i\ aclab. Behind, u-j pus;

-

ahab

c^
UW

tf

o*> z sMdan

Before,
Jjl

jM

P eesJl

J**

peeahter

;
j

pusht. Behold,

^/xK

negdhhardan;
lardan.

aval.

^ftamasba

VOCABULAET.
'

23
v.,

Belch,

v.,

i$j\

arogh (vulg. or oh)

^UjI

Bend,

sf j khum

Tcardan.

Jcardan.
Belief, .ilL^l itikdd
;

Beneath, jij zeer ; oj taht.

ayman.
;

Benefit, sJoU fa'ideh.

Believe,
cJ

v.,
.ilLxsl

$f

} )\>

haver kardan

Benefit,

v.,

tJ~jSZj

neekoo kardan

iib

itikad dashtan.

*fjt. khair kardan.

Bell, ebj zang.

Benevolence,
jjlsx*

Belly, J3. shulcum.

^y- j**

khair kliahee.

Belong, dan.

v.,

<xi,

muta alah

shu-

Benevolent,

slji^

khair khdh.
;

Bent (past of

to bend), S'kej

J-

Beloved, jijc azsez.

khum.
Bequeath,
v.,

Below, jij
Belt,

zeer.

d ^c>s-j veseeyet kar-

^jSkummerband.
i^-^~il afsooss

Bemoan, yjy
dan.

khur-

dan ; ^jT*** hebeh kardan. Berry, <uU ddneh; ^^ hub.

Beseech, ^^T^UxJl iltimass kardan
;

24

YOCABTTLABY.

^^IcjiJ
^sfarz

istida'a

kardan

^J>j^

Bet,

liar dan.

Bet,

Beset, v., y^f&l*.} ihdteh ~kardan. Beside, v&isy nazdeek; *y nuzd; _^a

j jo nuzr. shart bastan \>jt> > j;^ nuzr bastan.

\>jti ;

shart
ir

v.,

^~

j J5

Betray,

v.,

^^5 oj^

khidnat ne-

moodan.
Betroth,
v.,

pahloo.
Besides,
iy^s-

eldveh.

d ^T^l3 namzad kardan.

;

Besiege,

^^j^W

mohassereh kar-

dan.

Better,^? behter. Between, ^L* midn

Bevy,
xjj" grooh.
v.,

ca->

bayn.

Besmear, y&fssj] aloodeh kardan.

Best,
tf.jH*

Beverage, u-jji shurbut.

behtereen,.

Bestir, ^ify^Sj^. harakat kardan.

S\s dddan ; ^sf J^lSi Bestow, bakhshesh kardan ; ^J^a, bakh-

Bewail, dan.

^^j^-

(_^-j

afsooss khur-

Beware,

v.,

^oi.

j\*j?*

khabrddr

slieedan.

shudan; ^^ dgah boodan ; ^ ji aik* mutili' shudan.

tV]

VOCABULARY.
Beyond,
samt.
Bible,
i_i^a>i

25

an

taraf;

c^

^1

an

Bird, c^*

murgh.
jJy tavalud.
i

Birtb,
i->\*

w>&

kitab-i-molcaddas.
tor at.

J^ mowlood;

day, t^fe&f?- eed

mowlood.

Old Test. &\jy

J-s^ anjeel.

New

Test.

Bit (piece), ^b pdreh; iS3 tekkeh; (snaffle), \jjy.\ ab khoory ; (curb),

is**

Bid (order),
Big,

^U ^jUy/ermaw dddan.

dahaneh
.ilo

(curb chain), j^j

sag.

Bier, ojIj taboot.

zanjeer.

buzurg. Bigot, Lg^wgj mttta-assib.

djjj

Bitch, eL*
Bite, i\,

mddeh

^_f gazeedan ;
giriftan.

^f

gtjfa

Bile, !/* sufra.

denddn
her at; (of a bird),

Bill

(money),

s!^

Bitter, Jj talkh.

Bitterness,

j^

talkhi.

Bind,

v.,

j^j bastan.
dojpdyah.

Black,

*t-

siydh.
sdr.

Biped,

ii'^j^

Blackbird^ L

26
Blacken,
v.,

VOCABtTLAET.

siyah lardan. hardmzadeli. Blackguard, .dj-ljBlacksmith, \ ahenger.

&/*+

Blessing,

o^?

larakat.
;

Blind, ,/fcoor

(window),

** par-

dah.
'>

Blame, je*3 takseer

sbT gunah.
Blameless,

^ eta

Blind,

v.,

v*fjfkoor

Urdan.

>U

Bland, pi*. petoh. Blanket,

Blaze,

tf moli/em.

*<*

seer '

zadan.
Bliss ej-ib-j saadat.
Blister, A>\ abileh.

&

shuuleh

$*

0X0.
-

Bleach,

v.,

&f*>*

sefeed lcardan

Block, sj3 teereh. Blockhead, j1 alimdk.

Blood,

fcTioon.
;

Bleed.v.^f^Moongiriftan;
zadan. tj d, rag Blemish, y-~? anjb*

Bloodshed, J^ kail
reezy.

&jy>

^ oon

'

Ble8B,i;.,o^^

w" barttidadaW

Bloody,

^> Tihoonee.

VOCABTTLABY.
Bloom,
ihj&> shekoofeh.

27
<-i^

Boast,

laf

,jZ>jj

>>

fc7iw<2

Blossom, iij&> shekoofeh ; ^fgul. Blot (stain), ad) lekeh.

/roos7iee.

Boast,

v.,
Li

^^j

<-i^l

laf zadan.
;

Blow, ^y> zarb.

Boat,

?^

kerejee

j~

keshti

Blow,

v.,

o^jjj varzeedan.
;

) lotka.

Blue, ^jf alee

Ju> neeli
zeh-ee.
;

ijfkebood; (dark),

Boatman,
Body,
*>

^ j*S

kerejee ban.

(light), &*)}j<? feeroo-

Bodkin, J^j* darafsh.

badan;

J>

tan

(dead),

Blunder,
Blunt,

'J**

kheta

laic

ghalat.

jl^l AasTi.

J^

kund.

Bog, ivh&p murdab.

surkhroo shuBoil, v.,

Blush, v., dan.

^J^

3f>j-*

oif ji

abpuz-kardan
;

Boar, e)ji

fcTioofc ;

^ khanzeer.

^jujj^a. joosheeddn joosh dadan.

^^

\J>j*-

Board, a^i takhteh.

Bold,^^

dileer

jj~*> jassoor.

28
Bolster,

VOCABTJLAET.

&> mutaka

soi*

inulih-

Bore,

r.,

i^f

^jy

sooraTch kardan.

adeh.
w

Born, &y> moivlood.

tamasulc
J^J A:a?/d.
;

Bond

(for

debt),

cL~J
;
;

Borrow,

v.,

(ligament), J^
tari.

bund

Bosom,

a~-.

\j>J karz giriftan. seeneh.

^^

Bondage, ^^-.1 asseeri

Bone, ^>~^ ustikhan.

\jJ*>J^girif-

Both, j^/

liar do.
;

Bottle, A^ii sheesheh

eXo tung.

^^

butree

Book, ^JtTketab; keeper, uls* mohdssib ; ; b jiz daftar dar ;

Bottom, j>_j zeer

c^ taht.

binder,
^jj
L_>l6

uJU- sahc/f;
Icetab feroosh.

seller,

Bough, ^M> sliakh. Bought, sJo^i- khareedeh.

Boundary,
da.

hud ; J^-j sarhud.

^y** mamnoon ; majboor ; (tied),

Boot, **. chekmeh.

Bound

(gratified),

Booty, o,lc glutrat.

Border, tJ^S'kenuveh;

^b

daman.

(obliged), jy^s* busteh.

VOCABUIAEY.
Bounteous,
Jil> bdzil.

29
jdwdni. bazoo band.
Idf zadan.

Boyhood,

,j\y>Sjj

Bounty,

Ja? bazl.

Bow }C) Uf feemn;

yTiUT
Tcaltdlc.

u-j5 ^os; Icemanger ; saddle

maker, J^
,

Bracelet,

\>

Brackish, jy> shoor.

Brag,

v.,

^j
^l*

s"^

Braid, v.

bdftan.

Bow

(reverence),
s&jj

^ku

ta'azeem.

Braid, s.,j\y navdr.

Brain, sU^ demdgh.

Bowels,

roodeh.

Bowl, ,.1?. jam; ^Xltdseh. Box, jjJ^- sandook ; (small),

.i

Bramble, j l
i*3*

fc7ir.

ja'abeh; J>j> bootee; (tree), sliemshdd' ; (theatre), U^VL tak

Bran, i^r- sa booss. Branch, ~\2> shdhh.

Brand, &U d##7i, Brand,

Brasier
ger. t ., a"3
1

nemd;
Box,
.,

&*)

seelee. (on the ear), ,J~> ^-m> musht zadan.

/"^

^ a ^1 Cardan.

(brass- worker),

^C~

m iss
'

Boy, j~j pesser &\y* jdwdn.

30
Brass, Jj> Urenj.
at ; Brave, Z>\^ hajura* at; Bravery, x>\j> jura'
ja'at.

YOCABULAEY.
Breast,
a~->

seeneh.
Tie/ass.

o*W*
(

shuja.

Breath, u-w
Breathe,
v.,

shu-

o^u-" nefasskeslieenoseew.

dan.
afereen.

Bravo

Bray

(exclamation) (of a donkey),

!

&j\

&ff f

Breeze,
r

-s-J

Brethren,

c^jj braderdn.

ikhtissdr. Brevity, j\*&-\

Tcardan.

Breach (opening),
Bread,
U

-Ki shekaf.

Briar, ^U. &&*

rwm

(vulg. pr. noon).

Bribe, *j, risTireTt

Bribe,
*.,

JJ^j fcarteeZ.

Breadth,

W* patina. faith, Break, r., cr-^ sUkastan; -j& ^a s7iari sliekastan; one's Jy fcol sliekastan. word, Breakfast, j W weMr.

o^b yA,

WsfouaTi d^dan.

Brick

(unburnt),

o^

khisU

(baked),

kooreh ;

,J jw; -maker, JU

o^ &&*&*'

(tile),

*jf

YOCABTTLAEY.
Bride, u-j^ arooss
;

31
t-J lub.

groom,

&L\*

Brim,

ddmdd.
Bridge,
Bridle,
s.,

Brimful, j+J IvJbreez.

Jj pul.

Brimstone, sffgoogird.
Brine,
}

s., <u*>

dehaneh.

y^\ ab-shoor.

Bridle, v.,

kardan. ^.s^ajjo dehaneh

Bring,

Brief, s\ijTkootah

mukhtasser. ; j-*& mukhtussirdn ; fcaSJI Briefly, \j<& il kisseh ; -WU b'iljumleh.

Bright, adj.,

awardan, or averdan. Brink, lJ lub ; } \^kendr.

v., &*j}\

Brisk, Jl?. juld; chabook.

JoUj o-^ c?w$

^jj roshan.

Briskness, ^^L. juldee.

Brittle, djU

Brighten, v., sakhtan.

^U

^jj roshan

ndzuk.
;

Broad,

^ pV
3

u*^

areez.

Brightness, fj^jj roshnaee. Brilliant (of a precious stone), jljjl

Brocade, LgJj^^

kolabdoozee.

Broken,

a=~Jw>
Ml

shekesteh.

dbddr.

Broker, J"^ deZI.


YOCABTFLARY.
32
Brook,

> nalvr.

Brute,
-

tf

V-

/iayvw.

Broom,
Broth,

Brother,

^ ^
.,

u^U J" roob

shorU.

Bubhle,

i->^ 7iw6b.

Bucket,^
(adopted),

dulu.

ji\y.j^ Brought, rtj Brown,

/ ^der kh'andeh.

brod-r

Buckle,

el>*- sei/e7c.

Bud, **V ghunchehi

Buffalo,
1

f* shetoofeh.

werdefc, or aiourdeTi

j^^gclvmeesh.
s ^ ss *

gandoom
a horse),

^ fc^^a^T/rf J^ ^ kee ^ goon

>

Bug, u- -"

Browse,

> .^ chereedan.
fcaTiar.

Bugle, j_^is7iaypoor. beu ^ fcar(2au; Build, v., cvA

c)
j.

J^
c>A*

Bruise, vjj* zurl.

rbenn^-ee-fcai"dau.

Brush

whXi
he&meh.

s.,

rJ*j brs7i; (hair), u-^ (clothes),

Builder, *U> ben-na.

jmahootpak

toons (wood),

e)^ ^

Building,

Jl*

balm**

imdrat.

VOCABULARY.
Bulb, jL$ peedz.
Bull,

33
ai}

Bush,

buteh.
Jii.

i^J nur gdv.

A^f gelooleh.

Business, Jfkdr ;

shugh'l.

Bullet,

Bustard,

tjyt.

hooberreh.

Bullrush, kjj> burydh.

Bustle, awKLt hengdmeli.

Bunch,

a=-.j dusteh. &2>y khoosheh ; 5 Bundle, ax busteh ; as bukcheh.

j ?

Busy,

s.,

J^ii* mushghool.
2>jf

Burden,
Burial,

s.,j\i bar.

Busy, v., dan.

But,

^yJL* mushghool karU!

Burden,!'.,

ij^c*.
i

o^j^j-i zeer-bur-kardan. jendzeh ; ^Jo tadfeen.

sookhtan.

jQ

laykin
i_>L>9

am-ma.

Burn,

Butcher,

kassub.

v., j&-j~> v.,

Burnish,

Burst,!., shekdftan.

jeld dddan. ^ta tarakeedan ; ^\L ^sfj

Butler, ^kl3 ndzir.

Butt (mark),
gun),
(jlj-3

ailii

nishdneh

(of a

konddk.

Bury,

duf'n kardan khdk kardan. ^^TdU.

v.,

^sf ^z

Butter, sj^kcreh.
Butterfly,
*>\jjj

parvdneh.

34
Button,
dJ^j

VOCABTTLAEY.
pulek
;

a*Sj

dukmeh.
;

Cake,

J^ komdj

^.jtf J^>

ndn

Buy,

v., &^.J hilar eedan

f
;

e\^\

shireen.

ibtid kardan.

Calamity, toil dfat;

kJvareeddr
\jj~*

"&>

beld.

Buyer,

j^.j*

Calculate, v.,

)La. cJ ^/'vr

hissdb kar-

mushtery.

dan; yJj+Z shumurdan.

Caldron, u&a deeg. Calendar, mju takveem.
C.
Calf, d\~>y gosdleh.

By,

jl

aa; k bd.

Cabbage Jfkalam.
Cabin, jlkl otdk. Cabinet, *$!$)* doldbcheh.

Caligrapby, ^j-iy^j*. khosh neveessee.

Call,

v.,

O i>j-S~\x~o sedd
talabeedan ;
(out)
(to account)

kardan;
i>j

Cage, vJS kafass.

Cajole, v.,

jjjjJJ*
]

^b

f\Jo y

navdzesh kar-

dad zadan;

oi^Ji*

dan.

mas'ool kardan.

TOCABULAET.
Call,
s.,
\

35
v.,

J-

sedd

iJJ

nedd ; ^b dad ;
sdkat;

Cancel,

^f

Jkl? baieZ Tcardan.

eUU bong.

Cancer, ^Uj^ surtan.

Calm,
^^L.

s.,

Ai ardm; o^L

Candid,

cJU

sdf; JjJw sadeeh; \J>J^.

moldyem.
v.,

bee gharaz.

Calm,

u^ fV
v.,
^.jj

orm kardan;

Candle,

shani'e.
shelcer;

ijf \zS^L> sdJcet Tcardan.

Calumniate,

o^j

tuhmat

Candy (sugar), oUi nabdt. Cane (sugar), J^-*i ney

L* asd; (walking), taaleemi. ^,.1j

zadan; ^y&'si bad guften.

Camel, ^i- shutur. shut-urban.

>f$

choob ;

driver,

q^jA

Cannibal, j ly. *^1 da?ra khor.

Camp, jj\ Camphor, }y>V

Can,
s.,

urdoo.
kdfoor.

**y* doolcheh. Canal, \j>'\ dbrdh; J Us handl.

Cannon, ujy toop. Cannoneer, j*^y toopchi. Cannot (it cannot be), *jt~^ neh mi

shavad; os* jyC* murrikin neest;

36

VOCABULAET.
Captivate,?;.,

(I cannot do), J& f\y+& neh mitdivdnam bekunam. Canon (rule), ^yls kanoon.

o^siJ^J*
>

dilroha'i kar-

dan.
Captive, j~\ aseer; u*^s* maliboos (to take) ^fj^A aseer giriftan.
Captivity,
J-9
;

Cap, t^lcola.
Capable, J>U kabil.

kayd; ^J^sjTgiriftaree.
serai.

Capacious, *~~j vasee'. Capital (of a county), ois

takht.
acL.5
3

Caravan,

^V

P^
;

\^kdrawdn; JiU kdfileh;

^J^ kdrawdn Carcass, ^^ lash.

ijlr1

Cape (headland),

demdgheh.
just o kheez

Cards (playing), jjj varak;

jafeh.

<u*P

gun-

Caper (jump), j^-o

(plant), jS" Tcdber.

Capitulate,

v.,
>
'.

\a *Jl-J

tasleem da-

in Cardboard, \yU mukavd.

ttl

dan.
Captious,

Care, c^*a
lojooj.

him-mut;

<jj\&k

khabr

Ty4

ddree; kUa.1 ihtiydt.

VOCABTTLABY.
Careful (to be),

37

^^fLUa.1 ihtiyat kardan; ^j^l^-i. khdbr ddr shudan.

Carriage, t&j* droshTceh;

leskeh; (of things),

jOIT kahamdlee.

Carrion, ^"i Idsh.

La.

eater, J\y yi^l

Careless, kUa*.!^ bee ihtiyat.

lashkhor.
Carrot,
e)j,j v.,

Caress,
Caress,

v.,
jli

^-^y navdkhtan.
ndz;
\Jj\y>

zardek; y>. haveej.

tj>

navdzish.

Carry,
Cart,

burdan;

zjT J^a.

Cargo, j U bar.
Carnage, J katl;
reezee.
^jjij

haml kardan.
&j khoon
i>\f-

erdbeh;

gdree.

Cartridge, <&6 fashang.

Carnation (flower), e% meekhek.

Carnelian,
j-Jic

Carve,

v.,

Jj bureedan.

akeek.
najjdr.

Cascade, jUujI dbshar.

Carpenter, j
Tcdlee.

Case

Carpet, -kfgeleem; J^s farsh;

(legal),

a*jJu>

mukadammeh;

(box, large), jjX^sandook; (sheath),

i_i}U gheldf;

(pen case), ^IJ-Js ka-

38

VOCABTJLAEY.
(condition), cJU. hdlat;
**_)$#

lamddn;
(in no),

Catalogue, i=*-^5 fihrist.

Catarrh,
-ISj

be

heech vuj'h;
<jjs.

zukdm; &y
"k>

nazleh.

(statement of), JU. Cash, J& nukd.

arz-hdl.

Catastrophe,

fceZ#.

Catch,
&3jy

v.j

cr/' giriftan.

cold,

Cashier, jb Jj^s tahveel ddr.

\j*

sermd khurdan; ^J^l*.

Cask, 1--^ peep.

Casket, sJj>xi* sandvk cheh.
Cast,
v., jyii.ljJl
Asia

chd'idan.

anddkhtan.

Catchword,
Catechise,

^b

pasekh.

Castle,

kala'eh.

v.,

^^Jlj-j sooaZ kardan.

Castor
i[ft

oil

el^S^cj^ roghan karchek; ^jj roghan cherdgh.

v.,

Cauliflower, JT^lT

kalam
c---.

gul.

Cause (reason),
Cause,
v.,

subub;

C*U

Castrate,

sjT*x\

akhteh kardan.

Casual, ,j\su\ itifdkee.

Cat, iij'gurbeh.

sJ'kardan.

Caused, tsfkardeh.

YOCABULARY.
Caustic (nitrate of silver), ^t-

39

Celerity,

sang

jehennum.

Cellar, &+jf..j zeer

^^ chdbukee. zdrneen.
sdrooj.

Cauterise, v., tf-s/'cU Caution, ktx=J ihtidt.

dagh kardan.

Cement,

^j,j\~>

Cemetery,

^1^5

kabristdn.

Cautious, kUll; ha ihtidt. dr. Cavalcade, j 1^-. s dusteh saw

Cavalier (horseman),
j\>~

Censure, J*jj> sarzanish.

Cent, jTgraz.
Centipede,
\>J\j*

sawdr.

hezdrpd.
la~j

Cavalry,

^j-

sawdran.

Centre, ajW

midneh;

vast.

Cave,jlc ghdr.
Cease, u,

Century,

aJUj- sad sdleh.

&f *-*$y*
^*-

mowkoof

Tear-

Ceremony,
luf.

uXl

taUeef; <Jfc taka-

dan.
Ceiling, <-&-> sukf.

Certain,

&&

yakeen; g* saheehh.
albetta;
<s&"h

Celebrated,

mdroof;

jj^

mash-hoor.

Certainly, shah.

Z}\

leld

40
Certificate,
aIj

TOCABULAEY.

c^^
sjl^i,

rezdyet nameh.

Chamomile, a^L bdbooneh.

Chance, oj? bukht; j\u\
itifdk.

Certify, v., ^.sta

shehddet

liar-

dan.
Chaff (chopped straw), sVk&h.
Chagrin,
*

Chancery, ail>pj daftar khdneh.

Chandelier, c|^ J^. chehel chirdgh.

ghum.

Chain, j^j zanjeer. Chain,

Chair,
v.,

Change, jJu taghieer; (money), *$jy khoordeh.

zanjeer Tcardan.

^jT^j
Jf
o
>

Change,

v.,

ydzjJZ taghieerdddan;
avaz kardan;

^J^
J-a-

sandali.
gil-i-safeed.

cjV

u^

^J

J Jo

Chalk,

badal kardan.
Channel,
jltjl otdk;
^jjsfi

mujrd.

Chamber, tj^- hujreh; *il. khdneh.

Chapel, Os-** musjid.

Chamois, ^^y. buzkoohee.

Chapter, ^U bub ; J-oj fusl. Character (writing), *-/-

harf;

YOCABULABY.
(reputation), 3j\
J.U5Q

41

dbroo; (good),
(bad), |.U^ bad-

Chaste,
7ier.

^\<&\ pdkddmen ;

yU iaTi-

neekndm;

ndm.
Charcoal, Jlej zughal.

Chastise, ^jT^u-uj tanbeeh kardan.

Chastity, ^tae)^

pdkddmeni.
Li.1

Charge

(custody), oiU

imanet ;

(v.,

Chat,

j&S gzift

o goo.
;

(accusation),

oj^

shekdyet;

c^i
>\j*

Chattels, ->L-l sbab

dshiyd

tuhmat;

(of soldiery),

A** hamleJi.

JU wiaL
Cheap,
^Ijjl

Charity, J^** muhabat; (alms), khairdt ; <w.x sadakat.

cwzart.

Charm
Chart,

(amulet), Uj> du-a.

*

Cheapen, dan.
Cheat,
v.,

v.,

a *j&

&))J

arzdn kar-

nuksheh.

^ab c-o>

/areeb dadtan

Chase,j&. shekar.
Chase,
v.,

&*/]&> shekar kardan.

shekdf.

Check, ojU memana'at.

Check,
-Wbj

Chasm,

<-i&i>

c^^ wa'e kardan.

42
Checkmate, mat.

VOCABTTLAKY.

oL

l-

shah mat, or

oL

Chess, jj**> shatranj.

Chessman,^, muhr ; king,

bishop, Js feel

t-

shah;
rukh;
1

Checkmate, v., ^^ToUmaifeardan. Cheek, ~j rukh ; ^>} \s. driz. Cheer, v., ^ta -sti shad dddan ;

queen,^jjj vazeer; castle, ~y

;

knight, - asp

y^L.

JW**^i.

khosh hdl sdkhtan.

pawn, ^Lj piddeh. Chest (box), <jjX** sandook;

^IJis

Cheerful, isJUr^i. khosh hdlat;

khandeh
Cheese,

roo.

yakhddn ; (breast), <i~- seeneh. Chestnut,^ li shah baloot;(co\oxir)

tskjTkorang.

paneer.

Cherish,

v.,

^^ToiUa. hamayet
parvar.

kar-

Chew,
Chide,

v.,

Q^iy? javeedan.
a*.j*.

dan

o^jJL^ parvareedan.

Cherisher,

Chicken,
v.j

joojeh.

zf^jj~> sarzanish kar;

Cherry (white-heart), u-l^T gerdss ;

(morella),

dan.
Chief, tr-jj rey-iss
tiLyt

j]yi alabaloo.

buzurg.

VOCABULARY.
Chiefly,^ akser;
Child,*
isi

43

UU

ghdliban.

Choice,

oU* inthikhab.
3
!

bacha.

Choke,
Choose, dan.

v., ly^Tito.
*1jj

khufeh Tcardan.
5
'

Childhood, J^. bachagee.

Chill, \+j

Cholera,

vebd.

sarmd.
;

v.,

^/m^

intikhab kar-

Chilly, ^r sard

eLi. khanuk. dood hash. Chimney, jX'*)*

Chosen, -i^ muntikhib.

Christ,

Chin,

aJU.

chdneh.

^^ c^a* Huzret
,jrj~~c-

Eesd.

China (country),
Chintz,

v&

cheen

(porce-

Christian,

Eesdvl.

lain), jj-^ cheenee.

Chuckle,

*f
*s

J^-vJ lubkhund karneemsooz.

j\?

o**

cheet.

dan.
Cinder, )y*

Chisel, aJw! eskeneh.

* This word is used by Persians when of calling for their servants a remnant

Cinnamon, j**
Circle, *jjb

darcheeni.

rumz. Cipher (secret writing), J>j

ddyereh.

feudal times.

44
Circulate, v.,
[

VOCABULAEY.

sf J,i>j' gerdesh

~kar-

(to Lave a),

^Ij

t_-it

talab ddsh-

dan.
Circumspect, j Lla hoshydr.
Circumstance, iz+JS hey'-fee- at.
Cistern,
Citizen,

tan.

Claimant, ^J*, muda-ee.

Clamour, tlj farydd.

Clan,
4wll

U chdh;

^Lil

t_l

db-ambdr.

tdyefeh.

(^-

shahri.

Clandestine,
Classify, v.,

^^

mukhfee.

Citadel, d,l

a?'gr.

^i/^iL sdfhardan.

Citron,

dJ^U bddrang.

Claw,

isLa.

chang.

City,j4& shahr.
Civil,

Clay, JTsftlL

w)^ moad-dub.
u->^1

Clean, Clean,

db pat.
v.,

Civility,

adwb.
;

^^T

e)b

pat

Tcardan.

Claim,

v-JJ

talab

U^1 ida'd.

Cleanliness, ^/ij^i pdheezegee.

Clear,

Claim,

v.,

^.sjT *U.iWcZa'a Jcardan;

lJU

s#/.

VOCABULABY.
Clear-sighted,^-} teez nazar.
Clothes (clothing),

45

o, rukht ; o^i,
;

Clemency,

Clerk, sJ~jy

rahhm. ^ neveessendeh.

rukhoot
^jlji.
;

u-U

lebdss

(bed),

c>i.j

rukht-i-khdb.

Clever, Jo*lib

ddneshmund

<J>j*\>

bd hoosh.
Climate,
Clock,
\y

Cloud, j>\ abr. Clove (spice), <&&* meekhek.

Clover,

vl db o hawd.
sd-at.

&& yungia.

c^L

Club

(stick),

jU* chomdk
swgrfral i

to-

Clockmaker, jLo*!- sd-at sdz.

Clod,

gether, ^jfiii'!^
Coal, eLcoal),
Jlfcj

slierdket kardan.

-.^ kelookh.

sang

(char-

Close, v., c^~j bustan.

Close (near), vkj> nazdeek.

Cloth,

J^J zughdl.

ojJkL

mahoot;

(table), >-

Coarse,

o^>> drusht.

sufra; (saddle),^"Jj* arak geer.

Clothe,
v.,
>yj\-*>i

Coast, ij\~kindreh.

pooshaneedan.

Coat,

fcafca.

YOCA.BTJLABY.

46

Cobweb, &yfr

wpvdeK

atikeboot.

Cock

(bird),

u-j>

sheer; (gun),

^'^ jU* cWmai

oos
5

Colleague, &?j rafeeh w/iwisub.

Collect, *.,

*~**

r*

ham

o^/e^ '

fcordan -

kahveh. Coffee, j^5

Coffin,
Coil,

medresseh. College, i-,Jsarfcong. Colonel, bLvcolonel,

Lieut.-

c^ taboo*.
yeecfc.

eUr- w*

uw?>

sarhang.

Colour, &, rang.

^i

Colour,
i\

v.,

*>f&j rang

hardan, or

Coin,

^*.,
*.,

sikkeh.

&j rang zadan.

tfMrreh.
shtineh.

Coin,
Cold,

^J

& "*
nuzleh.
sard.

zadan

'

Colt,

soma"; (rheum), fi

Column, aj~ setoon.

zulidm;

*j>

Comb, *3^
Come,
v.,

Combat, \?& dawa.

Cold, adj., Aj*

Colic,

o^ amadan.

gi

peecli.

VOCABULABY.
Come, imp., Lj lee-ah.
>

47
v., c,^T-ai /
aJ

Commend,

ta'areefkar-

Comet, j\& f*

ij\z->

stdreh

dum

ddr.
;

dan.

Commendation,
Comfort (consolation), JLj tessald
(ease),

*-*/ ta'areef.

o]j rdhat.
v.,

Commerce, c^U:

tejdret.

Comfort,

o*f ^
L

Common
tessald lardan.

(universal),

^y&

emoo-

mee;

(plenty),

^J feravdn.

Comical, ds-** muz- hik.

Coming

(future),

*J>.\

and going,

>x- tx\

dyendeh. drnad o shud.

J^>J

Commotion,
kardan.

\zS^- harakat.
v.,

Communicate,

^J

j\&>\

iz'har

Command,
J

dmr.

^
v.,

hukm;

fermdn ;

Companion, jjj rafeeh; il^

rah.

ham

Command,
^ata

^r-J fermoodan ; ^>J> ferman dddan.

Company, u-W*
Comparatively,

mijliss

(soldiers),

JutjJ' goroohdn.

Commander, sJoL/ fermdndeh.

U~J nisbetan.

YOCAiJU-LAiix. VOCABULARY.

Compare, , <fif'AU
kardan.

^rMbdek

Competence,

M****
la'ik.

Competent, Ji$

Compass, U3
Compassion,

aL5 kibleh

nemdh.
;

&

meru-at

fj
s-*^

khdshdil. Complacent, Jj^y. *>&> shekayat Complain, ., *>/ nalidan. kardan ;

rahm.
Compassionate,
-,

^j rahman

Complainer,

sahib

rahm;

ba me&3j* ^

Complaint,

^^^ shakee. X o>J& shekdyet;

^

gel-

ruat.

leh; *\>Jferyad.

Compatible,

u U

mwnassib.
*oor awardan.
-

Complaisance, J>y

Complete,
Complete, dan. aaiv,

^ dilkhdshi. U tamdm.

Compel,

v., oi,j\ j3)

Compensate,

a *f j^

tel/i fcardan-

v.,

&f ^

*a

"~ kai"

^\* J>^ avaz dadan. avaz; Compensation, J>f ompe

lafi.

.-.

, te|

Complex,

Complexion,/;

&j> & peech .^ ^ mnMUt i roo roo. *, rang i

>

der peech
.

VOCABTJLAET.
m
>

49

Compliance, cwUj rezdyet.

Complicate,
Icardan.

Composer, Cii** musannif.

sf

***# peecheedeh

Comprehend,

v.,

J~+& fahmeedan
ydfi Icardan,

yzjT^^ji dar
j.^-.

Complication, Jj^gi peechedigee.

Compliment, lj&S tekalluf ; saldm ; e>~# tahhniet. Compliment,

v.,

Compromise, &J\** musdlihheh. Compromise, v., ^j^aJlo. musdlihheh Icardan.

Compulsion, ^} zoor ; j*> jubr.

O ^o~4> tahhniet Icardan; ^ata j^- saldm da dan ; <-^' takaluf be jd dwar&*jj\ W*.
dan.
v.,

Compunction,
Conceal,
v.,

i-s-Ij

ta-asuf. Icardan.

o'ifo^H penhdn
&*\*
jW-l

Comply,

^ ^j rdzi shudan
^aU

Concede,
;

v.,

ijdzeh dddan.

Icardan. ^JjTJ^J Icabool Icardan Compose, ^f^-Sj> tarkeeb

(a
difference),

Conceited, jjju maghroor.

Concern,
;

^\i

*s^

ildlceh

ddshtan;

dddan.

^>

selahh

^xib J^ dukhl ddshtan.

Concession,

*jM

ijazeh.

50
5

VOCABTJLAET.

Conciliate,

dan;
Concise,

v,^/^ *^^^^ ^f^j Bdzilardan.

j^^
muUasser.

Conditional,

^
t\j

ba

s7iuri.

Conduct, j^j

ra/tar.

Conduct,

v.,

0*1 bfirdan,;

(lead,

as

Conclude, w .,

^/fU
;

tomam

tor

troops),

^kesheedan.
rah nema.
j

Conductor, LJ
sooal o

e,^^

fe/iatm feardaw.

Confer (discuss),
fl^er-

v.,

Conclusion,

^
***->

Ma* >1
seegheh.
J*

jawab Tcardan; *S^*~ moUlemeh lardan; (give), ^^.

luhhsheedan ; a *\* dddan.
Confess, v.,

a/v^Jl

Concubine,

Concur, .,

Condemn,

.,

^^V^
Ml*

movafihsJiv^m.

(^

^
let
'

^fjjb *

torda^.
feardarl;

seyasset dddan.

Confession,^ *r;
Confide,
.,

u*1^1 t'tara/.

Condition, JW J^\ aliwal;

c^ ^

0*/^
itimad

b^"

i*f bay

imfe;

(stipulation),

fiV et;

&

shurt.

d ^T,iUfr\ itimad. Confidence, -sUp!

Tcovrdan.

V0CABT7LAET.
Confine (imprison),
v., cJ ^T'Lr-a. hubs ^J^jjj bund kardan.

51

kardan

Confused, J*jZ+ mushavash; mustarib.

Confusion, ol^kil istirdb. Confute, dan.
v.,

y^i*

Confirm (investigate), v., ^sjT <& tahhkeek kardan ; (strengthen), ^j\jj \jpaidar kardan; (certify), jj.jjTj^juw tasdeek kardan.
Confiscate,
Conflict,
v.,
i>jf)*~<>
;

iJ~^>\ja.)l

Idjawdb kar-

Congratulate,

v.,

^y^iLfJU mobarek

bad guftan;
kardan.

zubt kardan.
jj

*f ^~ $
;~

tuhniet

el-La.

jung

^ji. j

zad

khurd.

^.slTjL. Congratulation, bddi ; ts-ytf tuhyiiet.

mobarek

Confound,

v.,

^jjy evjLc"

gdj *y bar hum zadan; makhloot kardan.

Conjugate,
Conjecture,

v.,

^j^ *+*.jam' shudan. \ gemdn ; J& zun.

Confuse,

v.,
;

j^U
$$f

y\ji

perishdn
tashveesh

Conjecture,

v.,

^sf yU'gemdn

kar-

sdkhtan
kardan.

yii^J

dan.
Conjurer, jb 3* hokkeh bdz.

52
Connect,
v.,

YOCABTJLAEY.

^jH
dadan.

payvastan; J-y

Consent, Consent,

Jy* kabooU} ^Su L,

v.,

reas

mwidi.

,sU i"usl

Connivance,
she
;

desta ^ 00 Connive, ., tt *** r^ fcarda*. Mdofi; ^/^UWfffcnwa "

Connoisseur,

u*^

^jj

ighmaz.

**

o^

57lMdcm i*4 **
5

3300.

e^/M**
'

kalool kardan.
afr

Consequence, dkherat.
Consider,
v.,

nateejeh
5

*>jA

the requisite

(with u-^ before it substantive

a connoisseur of

s7reria ss

o*// &? "*'"

motale-eh kardan; &**&* ^zjTuM** sanjeedan.

Consideration (thoughts),

as asp-shenass,
hoi'ses).

>5

.prj

Conquer,

v.,

*>/#

kardan.

^s
J

tafdkur;

(importance), jU\

Conscious, fV\ agah.

Consecutive,

^^ W ^ ^
i3*l*j reao/et.

Consign (give in charge),

purdam>.

^-

su-

Uti, nedee/j

VOCABULARY.
Consist,^,

53
v., ^.s^Tt-i,*

^Ji

murakib shudan.

Consume,

sarf kardan.

Console,^., ^^S^JLm tussald

kardan

Contact, JUjI itissdl.

Conspicuous, J&>\ ashkdr.

Conspiracy, u-jL sdzish; ^ai' ta'ahood.

Contain,

v.,

jWl

gs&ld ddshtan.
v.,

itifdk;

Contaminate, dan.

^^T^-ai nejess kar-

Constancy, Uj ve/.

Constant,^ U 5 vefd dar; jIj day em;

mutassil. w Constantly, JLj3N.Jp aZa

Contemptible, j-fia. hakeer.

J-c

Content (satisfaction), ojU, rezdyet:

Contest, -taW mujadileli.

eZ itissal

&Z~*jb

hamoesheh.

Consternation, (J^ hayrdni. Construct, &&.L* sdkhtan.

Consult,
v.,

Continual, .> hameesheh'ee.

Continue (remain),
Contraband,
ha/ram.

v.,

^JoL manddn.
;

sf CJ'jiT*"

wiashvarat

*y** wwwnoo'

A*

kardan.

54
Contract,
Ask Is*
J^fr

VOCABULAET.
mukati-eh
A*kl<u
;

\ojZ>

tan

shurt

ahd.

*f
mukatieh
;

O ^^^gufto goo kardan ; \J\y* j J1_j-i jawdb ve sooal

change),
;

Contract,

v.,
;

^tf

kardan.

kardan
ysjTj^c.

c^-j

^J^ shurt bustan

Convert

(to

v.,

ahd kardan.

gerddneedan
kardan.
Convert,

&*f
jedeed.

uj*

^jJta^f avaz

Contradict, cfsS^uJs-j bur aks guftan.

Contrary,

-i^U. khelaf.

a., Jo j*.
v.,

Contrivance, ^Jj' tadbeer.

Convey,

^^

burdan

^J^L;

Convention, ^b^|/ kerdr dud.

Conversation, o-sf

suh but; aJ
;

Cook, j-il ashpuz: ~U tub-bdkh.

mukalimeh
J
1

jS&fguft o goo
soo-al.

Cook,
MJJ9-

i;.,

c^sJ

jpilkhtan

^J'

_>1

^ j jaivab ve
v.,

tubkh kardan ;

(to boil),

^Jji, ^A
sjf~s

Converse,

&&\&

o^ suhbut dash'

db-puz kardan; (to

broil),

T0CABU1AEY.
surlch

55
ale

Mr dan;

(to roast),

& *f\^\f

Corn,

kebab kardan.
Cool, eU. Ichonuk.

ghileh; (wheat), ^OuT^un(barley), y* jo. field, A^y* muzra'a.

doom;

Cool (from anger), s#&e shudan.

v.,

^oi

oS"li

Corner, i^fgoosheh
Corporal,

pfkunj.

^l
v.,

,*

dah

bdshi.

Coop

(for fowls), u-is fco/ass.

,

Corpse, s*j*
Correct,

murdeh;

Idsh.

Copious, oly M/ad

^J,]^

faravdn.

sahheehh ; o--,^ drust. g=->

Copper,

,j.

miss.

Correct,

*f

Coppersmith,

/*,

missger.

kardan;

^S

tass-heehh

*f^z~,j* drust kardan.

letter), v.,

Copy, *!* saAJOdd; &jy* soorat.

Coquet,
., c,^/jl5

Correspond (by

^h ajK.
;

waz kardan.

mukdtibehddshtan;
&j>

(agree), jjlk,

motdbik budan.
JO--JJ

Coral, ^lay* murjdn.

Corrupt,

Cord, jyL-M^ reessmdn.

poossideh

sju Jcf

56
Corrupt,
v.,

VOCABTJLAEY.
&J*>yi

poosidan

$ Ji^xa

Count,

v., &*/*>

shumurdan.
hissdb kardan.
roo.

gandeedan.
Cost, Cost,

Count, d J^vl

a.

o^i
v.,

kaimat.

Countenance,
Counterfeit,

^^ib o^ kaimat ddshtan. Contemporary, oij ham vukt.

Cotton, *~jpuribeh.

Counterfeit, t-Js t-uZb.

to, (money), kulb zadan ; (persons), takleed kardan.

i>j

*f jJ#

Couch
Cough,
Cough,

(sofa),
as^-j

oi***5 neemtakht.

Country, oj^Ij veldyet.

iij~>

surfeh.
*jf

v.,

surfeh kardan.

Countryman,
Couplet,
ii~rJ

^^j
bayt.

veldyeti.

Council, *\jy* u-V mejlis shorn.

Courage, o^V*' shujd'at.

Courageous, cUA shujd
Courier, j UU. chdpdr.
;

Counsel,

c^j**^
;

nasseehat
(to take),

c^yu
advise),

^J^ daleer.

mushverat
mus7it'era
g.ita

^^Tc^yL*

kardan

(to

Course,

^Ij^
jjjl

o*

-1

nasseehat dadan.

^jljj l_~ 1

j*

mayddn ; (race), mayddn asp devdni.

VOCABTTLABY.
Court (palace), j\, z darbdr ; (quadrangle),

57
s.,

Cover, Cover,

dL

yi^ poosh.
f <xZy poosheedan.

hay at.
jly. Jchosh selook
;

v.,

Courteous,
-j>>j-

eJ^L,

Covet,

v.,

^b ^J, tama ddshtan.

moaddub.
i-j.il

Covetous, dj tama'.

Courtesy,

adafc.

Cow, j)V gdv.

i

Courtier, cjI ^"kc

muldzim

rehab.
uncle),

Cousin
i*\jj+s.

(through paternal

Coward, ^li ndmard. Cowardice, ^j^k ndmardi.

amoozddeh ; (through paMl

s*\j i+e-

Coxcomb,

eliii

Tcashang.

Crab, cs^^i. kharchang.

ternal aunt),

amehzddeh;

Crack, i_jl& shelcdf.

(through maternal uncle), s^j)U. khdloozddeh ; (through maternal

aunt),
t*\j

Crack

(split), v.,

^K^, shekdftan.

aJU.

Jchdlehzddeh.

Cradle, t^^galivdreh; y3 wano. Craft (fraud), aU. heeleh.

Covenant, J*c ahd.

Crane

(bird), l^a

durnd.

58
Crawl, v., ^j \j) o-J dust o pa raftan. Crazy, ajI^-s deetdneh.

YOCABULABY.

j^

chehdr

Cress (water), jyVL balakooty. Crier (public), jdrchi.

^W-

Cream,
Crease, Create,

^^Is

sar

sheer.

Crime, s\Sgonah. Criminal, ra& mokasser.

_

ta.

Crimson, j*J kirmiz.

Crocodile, cl^j naheng.

v.,

^J*/! dfreedan.

Created, tJi/\ afreedeh.

Creator, tfj\ afreen ; jlU. khalik. Credit, o*/* hurmet ; J^-\ itibar ;

Crook (shepherd's
Crook-backed,
Crooked, S'kej
Cross, U. khaj
;
;

stick), <stykajak.
ftooz

oi^ jy
*i.

pusht.

khum.
saleeb.

(promise to pay), <w nassee-eh. Credit (to believe), v., &2>h *\z&\
itikdd dashtan; (to confide), .>L1
yjiiib

u.L

Crow,

clj zf7i.

itimad dashtan.
7*,gZaJ.

Crowd,

fl*.ijl

izdiham.

Crescent, J^U

Crown,

-Ij tj.

V0CABT7LAEY.
Crucify,
v.,

59
r,j

&*?

kardan.
Cruel,

^*;W

chehar meekh
&xr*r>

Cuirass,

zereft.
\#i\>

^*j
v.,

bee

rahm ;

bee

Culminate, v., a Juw, raseedan.

Hi

be intiha

merooat.
Crush,
^j^TaJ leh Jcardan.
v.,

Culprit, ^ai. mulcussar

Tear.

jfclfgondii

Cry (weep),

zf *f giryeh
;

Tear.

Cultivate,

v.,

^f^s^Xjj zard'at kar-

dan;
Cry,
.,

(call),

if\x<, sed harden.

dan.
Cultivation, jtf izZTkeshteh kdr. Cunning, J( aU. heeleh kdr.

z\p feryad
feaZoor.

sm

na'areh.

Crystal,^
Cubit,
c,j

zar.

Cup,

A\-j

pialeh

[>

finjan

_jjs

Cucumber, jU k7u<m Cue (hint), tj\i,\ ishdreh.

Cuff (blow), o-i- mwsta ; (of sleeve), u^-ir- sar-i-dsteen.

kadahh;
Cupola,
Hi

a ^ kdsseh.

J?gunbad.

Curator, ^^z* mutaval-li.

Curds (and whey), sj^

doo^Ti.

60
Cure, -.^U ildj
;
,l*.

VOCABULARY.
char eh.
Cushion,
Ml

^^
'

bdlesh

U mutakka ;
kd'ddeh.

Cure,

v.,

sf~~Sks- ildj

kardan ;

,l>.

jAi"

^sfchareh kardan.
Curl,
-i!j

Custom,

mukhaddeh. j, russm ;
1

sJ^ls

CI

zw ^/-.1^,

Currency,

rowaj.

Current (money), ^}j rdyej.

Customs, &jS gumruk. Customs' house, ail* khdneh.

Cut,
v.,

d^

gumruk

Curry (horse), kardan.

v.,

^fj\^j teemdr

^Jj^ bureedan; ^J^]/ fersj^i.]/

Currycomb, jls kasho.

Curse, o^jJ la'anat.
Curse, ^Jjfet-^J la'anat kardan.

Cut, sjo^ bureedeh; deh.

Cutlass,
^-~..ii
aJ_j!

terdshee-

sham-sheer.
looleh.

Cylinder,

Cursed, &y&+ mal'oon.

Curtain,

Cymbal, jy~> suntoor.

Cypress,
j^-.

5^

purdeh.

surv.

VOCABULARY.
D.
khanjar. Daily, j*j> jj^ rooz be rooz.
Dale,
sjt

61
turr

j^lov numdaslitan; yfj

kardan.
Dance,
^jj

Dagger,^*

rukss.

Dance, u,

^J^,
m

ruksseedan.

der-reh.
c^L-i.

Damage, Jrb zarar ; _~say&;

khessdrat.

Dancer, ^Isj ruhdss. Dandelion (taraxacum), ^Vkdssnee. Danger,^, khattar ; i-Jy kJiof.

Damage, v., jjL,jjj^ zarar resdnidan; ^sf^s. ayb kardan. Damascus, l shdm. Damp, s., ojj1j retoobut ; J nwm.

Dangerous,
Dare,
v.,

dli Jai.

khattarndk.

^^0,1a. jessdrat kardan.

tdreek.
tdreekee.

Dark,

<siy\)

Darkness,
Darling,

^Jx

Damp, adj., jv^j numddr ; JJ turr. Damp,

v.,

retoobuti; jIj^J

l_>j-**

mahboob.
rafoo kardan.

Darn,

v.,

^J'yj

^1 J~*i num dadan;

Dart, tjJ teereh*

62

VOCABTTLABY.
(together),
(of time),
v.,

Dash
Date

v*j~v

bdhwn

^i

jocmj

s7mnbe/i.

of

zadan.

gfi

tareekh; (fruit),

Judgment, and nighty j

1=**^ J3j roozi kiamet. L--i s/iwb ve rooz.

jjyi jjj

l^i khurma.

Daughter, j*** dokhter.

Dauntless, bJU^j bee
laic.

Jjj;^ hur Every hook, j3r imrooz.

\

by
tafe
;

day,

rooz be rooz.
rooz.

To-day,
eb-. das-

Dawn,
Day,

^\J-^

bamdad.
;

**bjsj

rooznameh.

jjj

rooz

pi ydm ; (Friday),

j* juma'a ; (Saturday), shunbeh; (Sunday), -~i y<* do shunbeh; (Monday), *-**> *-**- s 71 shunbeh; (Tuesday),
siiMibeh;

Dead,

tt>j*

murdeh.
;

Deadly,
deh.

eV muhlik

s^^kushen-

Deaf, jT fear.

(Wednesday),
sTiurabeTt
;

<*~ijW

Deaf
(to

(to be), v.,

cte?w

(Thursday),

become), C M fkar shudan.,

*y.

fkar

boodan

VOCABULAEY.
Deal (quantity), j Jl kudr ; (a great),
jL*j bisydr.
Deal, v., ^^i *j talcseem Tcardan. Dealer (trader), J^\^ sodager.
Decide,
v.,
1

63

Decision,

^z SL hukm SL hukm.

dddan.
o
^s-\

Declaration, -yi shurhh;

i'ldn;

^Lj biydn.
Declare,

Dear (expensive),
Death,
Debt,

\fgerdn;
oj< mot.

(affec-

tionate),^^ azeez.

d^

p5'_ ri shurhh guftdn ; jb ^^Ul t7u dddan ; ^sj \^

v., c

mcwv/

biydn kardan.
Declivity, yjj.)^ sar-a-zeeree.

\j>J Jcarz.

Debtor, jU^^S
Deceit,

karzddr.

Decorate,
Decrease,

v.,

^^-^I drdstan.

Deceased, *y*j+ marhoom.

^tfS'kam
~is- zaeef.

kardan.

ghubn.

Decree, ^5^9 fetva.

Deceive, Tcardan

v.,

^y

ajJu

maghboon

Decrepit,

Deduce,
^fs~>\2> shdyestegee.

v.,
r.,

^j}]/- ^ ar

awardan.

Decency,

Deduct,

f S'kam kardan.

64
Deed,

VOCABULARY.

&- sanad

o*3

"

hujjet
Title

kebdleh. (of sale), *W>

J^

~~

Defendant,
Defer,
v.,

mudda'i aleyhi. J-* ta'areefc aeyS-tol #>*"

*J1

dafc Titan.

bonchdk.

Deep,
Deer,

^
yl

god

,>** ameek.

Deference,
Deficiency,
Defile, v.,

c-/
^>

hurmut.
nuksdn.
wis

<x7ioo.

Defamation,

^j.. ladndmee. feardaw. Defame, v., ^/f U ^ bad^zm

Defeat,

o^/^
najas.

kwdan;

kardan. ^o-Tdl^ ndpdk

Defile (passage), *&> tengeh.
Defiled,

oi

shakast.

Defeat, u,

dddan. g^b 0-&- shakast

shakast khurDefeated, *>,> c*-** deh.

Defect, l-~* ai/b. Defective, <j*^> ndkiss.

Defilement,

i=~A*

tvajdsat

JW

ndpdkee.
Definite,

^Is

fcate'

r>

sareeh.

Degree, a,^ derejeh.

|

ddshtan. Defend, ^Al-a & negah

Delay,

deeri.

TOCABULAEY.
Delay,
v. 5C) ^r^o.lj

65

ta'kheer Tcardan

eJ-iiO"3 deer Jcardan.

Deliberate, tLa.l I ba ihtidt.

Delirious, ^Ij* hezydn. Deliver (to give), v., *h JLj fo*. r

(to liberate), ^a/ahl hardan; ^ata oli wejJt dddan; jTyj,\> khelass Jcardan.

leemdddan;

Deliberate,
j>

v.,

*f fi
;

filer

Tcardan;

azid

o,^!* mashverat kardan.

ir-ilid

Delicacy, J^\i nazuki

Delicate,
d,li

litafat.

Deliverance, oUs' nejdt.

ndzuk
few*;;

v-a.Wl

Zaee/.

Deluge,
;

e)^
v.,

o/#n,.
;

Deligbt,

k^

^b

shddee

Demand, Demand,
taZa&.

,^>\y- khastan

^J-Jk

^Ui-ji. hhosh hdli.

talabeedan.
fc7i5s7i
fossZ

Delight, v., C

^L

Jl^y.

s.,

ytaly.

khdhesh

^J

sdkhtan.
>

Delighted,^, masroor.
Delightful, -ju goghd.

Demolish, ^^/"(-j
;

^ khardb hardan.
Idnek.

mufarrah

liX) j diZ

Demon, &* jin.

Den,jli ghar
;
*>*)

66
Denial, j Vol inhdr. Dense, kj ghaleez.

YGCABTJLABY.
Depth, ^sjfgodee;
Descend,v., ^J^l
J*c-

umh.

Deny,

v.,

sfJ6i\ inkar hardan.

Describe,

v.,

^J^pdyeenamadan. ^jT^L^ baydn hardan;

ba.ydn; J~a taf-

Depart, v., &*j rqftan ; hooch hardan.

Departure,

a if

^f

gzid J^-aaJ

tafseel guftan.

Description, ^Lj
seel.

~y

Depend,

v.,

^y

hooch; <zSj*- harahat. <i^~j busteh boodan;

har&\jj vayran

Desert,
\jsr

^Lj
v.,

bee

dbdn; <j^i dasht

^y

jlacx*

muta'alah boodan.

sahrd.

Depopulate, dan.
Deposit,
Deposit,

*f

Desert,

^\J^guzdshtan;
;

^f^J
otfjl?

tarh hardan
ferdr hardan.

(military),

ojM amdnat. v., ^UrooLl

amdnat gu-

Deserter (military), ^J\j ferdri.

zasktan.

Deserve,

v.,

^^

jO** mustahdh

Depredate,

^J o,l*

ghdrat hardan.

boodan.

VOCABTTLABY.
Design
sheh.
Desire, y^\ drzoo
;

67
v.,

(intention),

ss\j\

irddeh

Devise,

^&J^Sa
khdli.
{

tadbeer kard.an.

3f*h>wa~ksood; (sketch), *& nuk-

J^y-

khdhesh.

Devoid, ^U. Devote, v., ^,\_f \j Tcerar guzashtan; J && <j\jj3 korbani kardan.

Desirous,
ijLJLe

Jvi**l_ji.

khuhesh

mund ;

Devoted,

mushtdk.
v.,

devoted),

jj^u mutassadik (your Li ^J* faddvi shuma.

;

Destroy, dan.

^^f\f\j*
(jjl^

khardb kar-

Devotee, s., c^-Ju* mukaddass ; l_,'~~, muta'assib.

Devotion, c^Le ibddat.

Destruction,

khardbee.

Detach,

v.,

^j^TIjo.

judd kardan.

Dew, J

c_~i

shub num.

Detail, J^tf tafseel.

Detain,
Detest,

v., ,jz^\3 Ki

v., ,jJ^! Jo

negah dashtan. bad dmadan.

Dexterous, jl-X kar sdz. Dialogue, ol^j Jlj- soodl vejaivab;

y^stTguft o goo.

Devil, ^IW.- shaitdn.

Diamond, y-Ul almass.

68
ul

VOCABTTLABY.

Diarrhoea, Jl*J iss-hal; sheTcem ravish.

^jj

Sz>

Difficult,

J* mushkil

; j\fZt*

dosh-

vdr.
Diffidence, a*Jj

vahemeh.
tahleel raftan.

Diary,

a*^

roozndmeh.

Dig,
u>J

v.,

Jj^Tcandan.
v.,

Dice )V$* muhr.

Dictionary,
Die,
v., a murdan. v.,

Digest,
loghut.

^j

Ji^j'

Dignified, ^ISjl ba vekdr.

oji fot shudan;

$*j*

Dignify, v., sdkhtan.

o

^L
>
.

t-J^ musharaf

Diet,

ifj^jj parheez kardan.

Differ, v., tf&\&

c^>

jj

farlc

ddshtan

Dignity, jlj vekdr ; a li shd'an.

;

cjjIw tefdvut

ddshtan.

Dilatory, v^

Difference, jjs /<xr A;; ojUj tefdvut;

t_^il ikhtilaf.

sust ; J~j tunbul. Diligence, * 1*2*1 ihtimdm.

v.,
c)

Dilute,
J']

j/'

^Is

fcat

kardan;

Different, 1j^

judd; J^^c alahe-

^s* makhloot kardan.

tar.

deh ; jtp gheir.

Dim,^b

VOCABULARY.
Dimension,
Diminish,
i^-U' kidss
v.,
;

69
v.,

^IaIo

mikddr.
;

Dirty,

jT

sf\j^ keseef kardan ;

v.,

Team kardan

yjji^d^. chirk kardan.

O zf*\>^koota kardan.
Dine,
v.,

Disagree,
Disallow,

^b
^Ji

(_i^bi.l

ikhtildf

&Sjy*

*& sham khurdan.

ddshtan.
v.,

Dinner,
Dip,
v.,

-li.

sham.

^J^> J^5

Jcdbool

ne

kardan.
Disappear,
v.,
Jja-i*

tfsfjj* ghurh Tcardan.

mafkoot

Direct, o-^ rdst;

~?

- ~-~-<>

mustakeem.
rdhnama'i

shudan.
Disappoint,
v.,

Direct,

v.,

^if

A\jit\j

&f#>\

li

na omeed
jpassan-

kardan.
Disapprobation, ^J^~j U

Tcardan.

na

Directly (straight),
Tchut-i

^^c
jfj*

Ui,^ dar

dee.

mustakeem.
;

Disaster, o1 afat;

held.

Dirt, u>6\~S~kesafat

chirkee.

Disbelieve,

v.,

^J^ j^.

haver ne

Dirty,

U^fkeseef ;

d^. chirk.

kardan.

70
Discernment, jUxJ imtidz.
Discharge,
1;.,

YOCABULABY.
Disconcert,
sdklitan.

^L

tj^Li*

muzterib

dan ; C ^J> dan ; ^j^j^ beyroon kardan.

Discharge,
s.,

a S\& o^a. jawab da^iy* murakhas kar-

Discontent,
Discover,
v.,

cwU,U w
;

rezdyet.

& &f\j&.\ ikhtird kardan.

olki. khetdb.
a<2ct&.

^^j* murakhassi.
mureed.
wuzra.
;

Discourse, jkJ nutk

Disciple, *>/\i shdgird; Jo^

Discourteous, ^1<j_ foe

Discipline, ^Ikal

intizdm
,.1*3

Ji3

Discipline,

v., ^.sta

wmw dddan

maraz Disease, s7u ; i^j dartZ.

Disgrace,

^^

^ji-li

fe7io-

Jl^

rissvdee.

uji/o-iji tarbidt kardan. Disclose, -y., ^.^f^l^l iz-hdr kardan.

Disgrace,!'., ^j/Ij-, rissoa kardan; o^sljk ti &ee aferoo kardan.

Disguise,!'.,

Discomposure,

ujl^uil izterab

t^-la-j

^/^U Jjjuj
?i(/rai.

tabdeel-i-

vahhshat; ij^jjperishdni; jh**.

lebdss kardan.

Disgust,

o^

YOCABULAEY.
Dishjoliio boshkdb ; ^Jji zdrf. Dishonour. See Disgrace.
Dislike,
v.,

71
v.

Dismount, shudan.

act.,

^o^

s^Ij

piddeh

kardan.
Dislocate, v.,

^ J^
KiU5

pasand ne

Dismount, kardan.
ftlt1
b"

v. pass.,

^^fuLi piddeh
li

^f ^~i fuskh kardan.

esUi

Disobedience,
L5

jUy
<^s-%\
i

na farmdni

Disloyal \f bee vefd ; ^-klxdyen.

Disloyalty, ^j*(ojUi. klviydnat.

nemelc hardrri; U^j

na

ita'ati.

Disobedient,

bee

itd-at

nemak hardmi;

aJa^jJi gheyr

mutee.
;
{

Disorder, j&jj^j tashveesh

J!~>.j u-i

Dismal,

eJUJ^ft,

Mlndk.

puss

o peeshee.
v.,

Dismay,
Dismiss,

v.,

^JujLj^ tarsdneedan.

Dispatch,

sJ~

ii\jj

rawdneh

kar-

v.,

^^f

<j^v*

muraklias
sliu-

kardan; yzjT^j*] ikhrdj kardan.

Dismissed, deh.
sJC, <jxj*

jjj^U-^ feristadan. Dispensary, <uU. \j* daivd khdneh.

dan ;

muraklias

Disperse,

v., ^^b pdsheedan; pakhsh kardan. ^sfjuiii

72
Displease,
v.,

VOCABULARY.
^Jj*! jiy.
fc7ios7i

ne

amadan;
dddan.
Displeasure,
Disposition,

(vex)

^U jft^ ranjesh
_Jj*

Distant, j3 J door

Juw ba'eed.

Distinct, -lj vdzehh.

Jj

ranj.

Distinguish,

v., tf a j

j^
;

tameez dd-

dan.

(temper),

mizdj ;
Distress,
t-~jy
\->\)a*>\

oJU. hdlat.

izterab

*^%

feld-

Disposition

(arrangement),

hat; Ji^jj jperishanee.

Distress,
v.,

tarteeb *u>j vuz'e.

iy\sY>ossess,v.,^jZ.\ji.\iJchrdjlcardan.

*f ^li^

perishdn

kardan ; ^jT^JaJn muzterib kardan.

Distribute,
v..

Dispute,
fcai/Z.

clji

neza;

J-s

j JU &Z o

Dispute,

v.,

^J^y

neza kardan.

zfj>J3 tafreek kartakseem kardan.

Disrespect, (S]/-\
sileh.

^ bee ihterdmi.

dan ;

^$j> *s-o

Distance, toiL* musdfat; A*\s fds-

Distribution,

i^~I

kismat ;

e-&5

takseem

Jif3

tafreek.

VOCABULARY.
District,

73

ew^j velayet;

<^**L.

hekoo-

mat.
Disturbance, s^fitneh
bi
;

Divan, o*^ neemkat.

Dive, v., *j>

neem takht;

\^SJ?

^^

aslioo-

>
;

ghooteh khur-

\i-y-

g hog ha.

dan.
~

Disturb,

o~^A P e (moral), rishdn Jcardan ; ^s>J J^.y^> tashv.

^f

Divers,

^^m

ba'azi

J^

chand.

Diverse,

jjz*

mutafarek;

&y^f
J3
>

veeshkardan;

(physical), o^.U.jl

goonagoon.
Diversion,
1-i.Uj'

^j<i az jd hardkat dddan.

tamdshd

ta-

Disunion,

JfljS

ferak

^s*- juddee.

faruj ; oiU- ziafat.

Divert, v. (please), roor sdkhtan ; (turn

Ditch (of a town), JJ^* khandak ; (in a field), ujI ], rah db ; jj i-j1 abro
;

^L^jy
off")

mas-

.*^tf

garddnidan.
Divide,
v.,

j4 nahr.
Lajl

^j? *~~x*

takseem kar-

Ditto,

ayzan

neez

**>

hum.

dan.

74
Dividend,

TOCABULAET.

ow
^b

Itismat.

tdzee

(sporting),
<sLa3ji>

^^>

tooleh

Divine, ^AJI

ill alii ;

^si. khoddee.
faZafe

(puppy),

tooleh sag

eU^.

Divorce,

jWo
v.,

teldk.

Dog-star,

\jjs>

she* tree.

Divorce,

j^k

dadan.
Doll,
^Lijj/s

aroossek.

Divulge,

v., &*fj\j>}

ibrdz kardan.

Dome, -xS gunbud.

Dizzy, ptS'geech.

Do,

v.,

*J^

kardan; (make),
k-~-J

L
;

Domestic (servant), jy noker

wild),
,_/iili-

(not

khdnegee.
J*il

sdkhtan.

Doctor

(medicine),
***

tabeeb

Dominion, o~bL< sultanat. Donation, J^- bakhshesh

cYl oZafc

(learned man), da?i ; (of laws), J^s* mujtahed.

hakeem;
>xu-

lib

Donkey,

J* khur.

Document, Js-^fkaghaz ;
Dog, eLsa^f ;

sanad.
^jli

Door,^^ dur.
Doorkeeper,
\>jt

(greyhound),

durbdn.

VOCABULARY.
Dormitory,
Dot,
alaiii

75

*fc

<->^y

Tchdbgah.

tan;
j^xil

y^ib
(sli

eLi

s7*afc

dashtan

nuTcteh.

JJLTgemaw dashtan.

Double

(twice), tj\i)*dobareh; (folcU,

Doubtless,

^ bee

s7iafc.

Vo

dolah.
(letter of alphabet),
J^Juiilj

Dove, l^s
fcereera.

Mmree;

(ring),

&f\

]/

Double

ba tashdeed.
Double-faced,^ j* do roo.
Double-tongued, ^jj^ do zebdn.
l_-^.U

Dough, ^*i. khameer. Dower, ^o mihreh. Down (below), ycb pdeen; (on
sj~-

chin),

sahib

subzeh.
*jtl vftddeh.

Down fallen,
*jT)lji

Double, v., &*f^ td Icardan; dold Icardan.

Downhill, jL)\r> sarazeer. Doze, v., g&j c^a. churt zadan.

Doubt,

a~i
v.,

shubheh;

tsli

sliak.

Doubt

^\^

s^ shubheh dash-

Drag, v., ^J^S'Tcasheedan. Dragon, U^jl izhdihd.

VOCABULARY.
Draper,
)\jt

bazaz.

Dropsy,

i!

istiskd.

Draught,

^ bad.
~^ &&
^sJS'kasheedan ; nuksheh ka-

Drought,

J^-

khushki.
1-

Draw

(to drag),

Drown,
dan.

v.,

^j^ J/ ghurk

kar-

(sketch),

sheedan.

Drug,

IjJ

daw a.

Dread,

\j*J tarss.
Lj\ji-

Drum,
;

JJ tubl.

Dream,

ktidb.

Drunk, o-* must.

Dry,
elio.

Dress, u-lJ lebdss

dby, poshdk. Dried, g^Telii. khushk harden. mashh dddan. Drill, ..ila
,

khushk.

Duck,
Due,

d-^l

urduk.

ja-

7iafc.

Drink, v

^J^y nusheedan
eat,' is

(khur-

dan, 'to

Dull (not sharp), &fkun&.

usually employed

instead of nusheedan).

Dumb,
Dung,

i&S'gung

JV

Idl.

Drop,

s.,

tJaS

kutreh.

pehen.

VOCABULAET.
Duplicate,
*ja

77
E.

i^- nuskheh-i-du5

yum.
Durable,
-1j^
*ta

fea

dawdm.

Each, yt liar; ck, haryek.

Eager, jUt* mushtdk.

During,
Dust,

U ma dam.
&7itffc;

isJU.

jU

ghuhdr;

*f

Ear, J^J'goos'h. ring, t } ^<fgooshof corn, *Zy khoosheh. vareh.

gard.
Early,
>>jj

zood.

rising,

Duty, o^> min-nat; Dwarf,

Dwell,
J5

<-iX> takleef.

sahr-kheezee.
ing, ijj -*-

^j-z*> j**

in

the

s^^kootdh

hud.

subh zood.
behdr.

v., gjsita

UC. suknd dashtan.

jl&

Jjl

aval

morn-

spring,
fruits,

Dye,

elj,

ran^.

j> no

her.

Dynasty, aLJL silsaleh.

Dysentery, Jl*-1 ishaZ.

Earnest, J*i> musta'idd.

Earth,

is)!*-

khdk

et*j

zameeu.

78
Earthy, ^U.
Ease,
TchdTcy.

VOCABTJLAEY.
Education,
;

o-o^
;

tarbeeyat.

o^|;

ra-hut

^id^,]

asoo-

Effect,^'! asar

as^ nateejeh.
;

degee; ^yL-1 assanee. East, Jij2- musliruk.

Easily,

Effeminacy, ^>*t%> moldy am at

^-.y

nurmee ;
Effort,

\j^j*

na mardee.
;

^Ul

\>

ba assanee.

J^jT Itooshish

^jj-.

s'ee.
;

Eat,

v., &i>jy

khurdan.

Effrontery,

^j^^.

be

shurrnee

Ebb

(tide), jja.juzr.

^^^.S'gostdkhee.

Ebony, u-yjl dbnooss. Eddy,

\J\$y q irdab.
Edge, * dum.
Edict,

^SE) j* t^ tttkhm murgh; (to lay eggs), j^jf^-z tukhm guzashtan ;

(soft boiled),^) ^J
a

tukhm neem

^U/ fermdn.
i>j

puz ; (hard
pukhteh
;

boiled),
*j

Educate,

o*j,-j tarbeeyat liar-

(fried),
j

~3

2^ ci- s(/* neem roo ;

;

dan ;

uMjij?,

parvareedan.

(yoke of)

jj zardeh

(white

of),

YOCABTJLAET.
sX*Ju* poost.

79
v.,

seefeedeh

(shell),

u>~jj

Elongate, dan.

^^iSj^

derdz kasliee-

Eight, v^lft Jiasht.

Either, U
i/a
;

Eloquent,

j5^" sukhan
;

goo.

slji

khdh;

(.!>>%*

Else,

*ja.

juz

>j& be juz.
v.,

heech

kuddm
^jT^jj^
beroon kardan;
ikhrdj kardan.

Emancipate, dan.
Embarrass,

f i\j\

dzdd kardshufteh

Eject, v.,

^sf J\j\
Elbow,
Elect,
v.,

v.,

sf

*-!

kardan
kardan.

Jj\ drenj.

^J~
v.,
[

t-^ka*

mustarib

^^T'l-jI^' intikhdb kardan.

Elected, l_^* muntakhib.

Embellish,

^\J

ardstan.

Elegance,

o^j
\uj\

zeenat.

Emblem, ^liJ nishdn.

Embrace,
v.,

Elephant,
Elevation,
Elin-tree,

J-i feel.
irtifd.

^f J*

baghal

girif*

tan; tf>y <J>$\ j* der aghoosh

girifian.

^15 ndrvan.

80
Embroidery,
<jjj* jj

VOCABULARY.
zar doozee.

Empower,
dan.

v.,

^^/^Ui* mukhtdr har-

Emerald, Sy) zumurud.

Emetic,
(hill),

Ji^'j-J

dawa-i-kay.

Empty,
Enamel,

jJU. Ichdli.
U~o

Eminence (rank),
Kjj]/\r-

mee?w&.
j^,l

buzurgee ; sarafrdzee; ^jJo

^fyf.

Encampment,
Enclose,
v.,
]

urrdoo.

bulandi.

*J^A>\*.\

ihdteh kardan.

Eminent, dy buzurg. Emit, v., a ^/^.\jaJ\ ikhrdj kardan. Emotion, ^}^>\ izterdb; J^&\ a{

Encore!
La.;*

-J afereen; tj^^o

dobdreh;

marhaba.
v.,

shuftegee.

Encourage, dan.

$f jlz
;

daleer kar-

Emperor, j^S in shah.

ka'isser

li^>Lii

shah

Employ, v., a &\& J*i shughl da dan ; Tear dad an ; yiji J^. jjj^U j% mashghool hardan.

End,^! dkher ; j- sar *rfl anjdm; sa. khatm ; \&i\ intihd.

Endanger, i\, c^!jJl^lai. >> tar anddkhtan.
ji

ciar fc/ia-

VOCABULARY.
Endeavour,

81
v.,

sa'ee; *Ui*l

Jut>f kooshish ihtimdm.

tab
;

jt~>

Enlarge,

Mpf&jjk buzurg Tcardan;

i>y z\>_) ziyad Tcardan.

Endurance,

<-jU

osll takat.

Enemy,
Engage,
tan.

c^i-^

doshman.
*&>jj

Enlighten, dan.

v.,

^J~

^j

roshan

Tcar-

Energetic,
c

)j> firz ;

zarang.

^-^

o^co da'wat khas-

Eumity, adawat.

^^

doshmani

^Ss.

Enough,
>

y-j buss;

c^&'lcefayeb.

Engine, *L mangeneh.
English,
i^r-lCjl

Enter,

v., ^.xi
>

Ji-b dakhel shudan;

Engleez.

^j y
Entire,

too raftan.

Engrave,
Enjoin,

v.,

^J^kandan.
b'

^VTcdmel ;

-Uj

tamdm.

v.,
,

^^Tjo
j>
laa.

ta'keed Tcardan.
;

Entirely, J*Ub bil-kul.

Entrails,

Enjoy, v
c.xi

huz Tcardan

J^y-

s^

roodeh.

jfkhush

guzdsTitan.

Entrance, Jy-o delchool.

82
Entreat, dan.
v.,

VOCABULABY.
kar^a/'u-UsJI iltimtiss
;

Erase,

v.,

^^T^^

saf kardan.
>

Erect, v.

^f v-*

nasb kardan

Envelope, -wW lefafeh

^Ipaket.

kardan. ^TjJj buland

Erection,

Envoy, ^-JJ

eelchi.

J^l^J

istadigee

i.l1

Envy, Envy,

J-.* hassad.
v., ^j>. <*-*

ikamat; (building),
hassad burdan.
cj,U& irndrat.

JW
'

bend'ee;

sar sam. Epilepsy, pL, ^-

Ermine ijI^" senjdb.

shooyan.
Err,
t'.,

Epipbany,

\y>

mukhtasser. Epitome, s*s*? la. mukabel Equally b&raber ; J* musavee. hamvar; ^j

1

^ Mu&

jl

uVO*-

sa 'M

ftfceta ^jTghalat kardan ; khubt kardan; kardan;

a sf ^

kardan

!aic

*f^

j\*+*

^o^j^i

khelcif

kardan.

Equator, 1^-1
Eradicate,
dowi.

^ khut-i-istwd.
gH
a
beefc7t feaw "

Errand, ^4 payg ham. Error, U& ghalat.

Erudition, yjta ddnish
;

^ Urn.

VOCABULAEY.
Escape, v., &&$' gureekhtan ^sjTfrdr kardan.
Escort,
;

83
*j

j]/

kardan;
dan.
Estrange,
v.,

jyua takfimeen za-

Escape, y.f gureez ; j\J> ferdr. iS,Si badrakeh.

l

^sfj^

door kardan.

Et-cetera, s^cj vagheyreh.

Especially, L^as.* makhsoossan; Jsyoj^sJi ala el khesooss.

Eternal, fd^-^a hameesheh-ee abadee ; >U day em.

Eternity,
Jo\

^Jol

Essence, jty* jo liar;

Establish,
v., i>_f
It

<z>\j

zdt.

abad.

her

pa

kar-

Evacuate,

v.,

&fjk.

khdli kardan;

dan ;
Estate,

^jja* mukarar kardan;

nasb kardan.
~JA*

^3j*A
Eve,
L_~i>

takhlieh kardan.

^j^La)
Esteem,
v.,

shub.

JU mdl.
y..f azeez ddshtan;

Even

(of

numbers),
us*Sa.l

o-a?.

juft

(odd

or even),

dJ tak

ydjilft.

^^1.} *jzs*

muhterem ddshtan.

Even, adv.,

+*

hum ; jJ

neez.

Estimate,

v.,

^j]^ bar-dvard

Even

(to

make),

^^uJU

sdf kar-

84

VOCABULARY.
dan; J^L. j\y* hamvdr sdkh
tan.
Evil,
^jS)

bad.ee;

*j]A

slier drat

(misfortune), "h held.

Even,

adj.,

^jl

musdvee

j\>*

Eunuch,

^ y]

khdjeh.

hamvdr.
Evening.
Event,
-Ifi

Euphrates, ^>\J ferdt.

sham;
itifdk;

shut.
i^- sar-gu

Ewe,
Ewer,

^J^c

sjU

madeh meesh.

j'ii'l

aj'^1

zasht.

Exact,

aftab eh. rdst ; ^u be-ayneh. \z~*\j

o

Ever,

<ii^

hameesheh.

Exaggerate,
Exalt,
v.,

v.,

Jwl ighrdk.

Every, j* hur.
Evict,
v.,

^1/1

afrdkhtan.

tf^f -\f*\ ikhrdj kardan.

sWi>

Exalted, j\j>\ afrdz.

Evidence,
Evident,

shehddat.
;

Examine,

v., &<*yj\
3

azmoodan ; ^^*\

J^

dslikar

^>\j

vazehh

^ifimtihdn kardan.
Examination, o \0*\ imtihdn.

Evil, adj., Jo had.

VOCABULARY.
Example
Excavate,
(specimen),
-uj*3

85

nemooneh;

Excessively,
jU]|

jJ

jy

file

el

hddd ;

(model), ^j- soorat.

v.,
{

jy

f5k
v.,

el

a'adeh.

^xS^kandan.
o^lj

Exchange,

i>fj>*s-

avaz kardan;

Exceed,

j^^guzas'htan. Exceeding, u>jLJ nihdyat ;

v.,

^if

J^Lo mobddeleli kardan.

*.,

Exchange,

j>y- avaz; Jjo badal

;

ziyddet;
Excel,
.,

jL~

bisydr.
/flzti

JojJ' tabdeel

dJ^L.

wobddeleh.

a J.i J-iU
J-is

shudan.

Excite, v., i2&f>\ angeehhtan.

Excellence,

/azL
vUa.jenb.

Exciting, jS'A angeez.

Excellency
Except,
Except,
v.,
1_j~

(title),

Exclude,

i>J

P-yy*

mowzoo kar-

sj\^~,\ istisnd kardan.

sivd.

dan.
Excuse,
j^s-

uzr

u^Jj* ma'azarat.
*.

Exception, UizJ istisnd.

Excess, J> .ilij ziyadetee.

Excuse,
(one's

v.,

^J

....

B bakhsheedan
-uzr

self),

^^J*

fcftas-

86
tan
;

VOCABITLAEY.
cj-^.1jj

o,j*^

ma'azarat

J+ijj

varzeedan ;

(a horse),

\jk*f

kha'stan.

^ij gardash burdan.

Exert,
sooratv.,
^>J>

Execrable, ^^Ju mal'oon.

j^>jT kooshesh karzjT J\ khali

Execute

(to do),
;

d\z

^y

dan.

dadan

(to kill),

^^S'kushtan.
nasakchi
;

Exhaust

(to

empty),

Executioner,
jal-lad.

jf

M>

&%>.

kardan;
kardan.

(fatigue),

^$fx^~ khasta

Executor, ***) vasee.

Exempt, Exempt,

i_iU-e

ma'df.

v.,

^.i^-il** ma' df kardan.

[Jjj*

Exhausted, ^U. khali; ax-i khasta. Exigence, --W1 ihtiyaj. Exist, v., j^-a hastan; a 2j> boodan.
Existence,

Exercise, ji-o maslik;

varzash;
i

^^^

hastee

*y*j vejood.

(ground),

ji-.

\j~*

may dan

Exodus,
Expect, tan ;

o,.** hejreh.
v.,

mashk.
Exercise
v.,

^xita jUiJl intizar

dash-

a i\i

jJL*

mashk dadan;

^\z

;Jy tavaku' dashtan.

YOCABTJLAEY.
Expectation, jllxjl intizdr vaku.
;

87

gSy

ta-

Experiment, ^UJ'' imtihdn. Expert, .al=~>l ustdd; ^*.Ij ba lchabar ;

Expiration,
*UiiJl
v.,

Expediency,
\X~j.li

cu-~U_

munasibat

shayestehgee.

inkiza

j~>

sar.

Expedient, i_>\u mundsib.

Expedite,!;.,

Expire (time),

^J^
sar

*UfiJl

inkiza,

o^lW" to? ajeelJcardan.

shudan

Expedition, j\a.jald; chaldk.

^ tund
s

isJ^lU.

Explain, v.,

amadan. ^J^l j-> jJ^^Uj bay an kardan;

~jt>

^U.
;

liali.

Expel,

v.,

^sf \f*\
-y*.

^^T^c^j

ikhrdj kardan beyroon kardan.

kharj.

Explanation,

shurhh;

Lj ba-

ydn.
Expletive,
Explicit,
J^lj

Expenditure,

pfkelam

zdyed.

Expensive, J\jTgerdn.
Experience,
tajrubeh.

fa> sareehh.
tfj\>\ izhar kardan ibrdz kardan.
;

^.Ujl

azmdyesh; ^jd

Expose,

v.,

sf)\j>\

88

YOCABTTLAEY.
Extol,
v.,

Expression (pronunciation), Soak talafuz ; (phrase), c^Lt i b drat. Expunge, v., ^j Js Jcalam zddan.
Exquisite, -iJJ lateef.
Extend,!;.,^ xJ^j\jt> derdz Jcasheedan.

2>J^<~&>j*i

ta'areef Jcardan.

Extort, ^J'jsj^. bd zoor giriftan.

Extraneous, aibCo bee gdneh;

ghareeb.

\->if-

Extension, J^ tool; o*-j vusa'at.

Extensive,
Jcardan.
*~>j

^jj\j*

derdzee

Extraordinary, t-^s* ajab; jjU mdder;

sUSl jji

fok el a'adeh

v_^c gha-

vusee\

reeb.

Exterminate,
Extinguish,
Icardan.

(J^**

maadoom

Extreme, l$a! intihd ; j1 dkher. Exuberance, ^jS'jiisrat ; J^J z-w/aEye,

**

yi^U. Ichamoosh
clieshm.
j^l

Exterior, oiJ^. beyroon;

^l*

Tcharej.

Eyebrow,
Eyelash,

dbroo.
isl~

External,

&3j*o\

azbeyroon;

k^&-

Eyeglass (spectacles),

eynek.

Jcharejan.

^y* muzhgdn.

TOCABULAET.
Eye
(pupil), eUjy.
_,1jo.j

89

mardamek.

Facility,
lat.

<JU asdnee ; o^-

Tidkeekat.

sehoo-

Eyesight,

deeddr.

Fact,

ofliSa.

F.
id

Fable, *3

kisseh;

^l^ta das tan

ooKL. hekdyet.
Fabricate,
v.,
;

Faction, jiilk tdyefeh. Factory, jiUylTfear khdneh. Factotum, tJ^*+*> hameh kdreh.

j^l- sdkhtan.
s^. chehreh; J^j pay-

Face,^, roo
leer ;

Fade, ^J^ dan.

Faint, t

**/*

Ji

pazh murdeh shu-

~j

uxli.

za-eef.

Face to
Face,

face,

jj

jj

roo be roo.

Faint, v.,

^J^

ur ^-? & ee
1

hoosh $hu-

v.,

$f Jj'Ju
jL

mukabel kardan.

dan.
Fair, i_uj& zareef ;
soorat.

Facetious,
Facilitate,

shooJch.

^jy> u-j* khosh

U ^/' U L1 asdn Tcardan;

kardan.

yjjjS^J^. sahl

Fairy,

#eri.

90
Faith, ^UjI Faithful, jta dar.

VOCABTJLABY.

aymdn.

Farther, jjjji doorter.

&*

deenddr ; jtaU j vefa

Fashion, --, russm.

Fast,
Fast,
tjjj

roozeli.

Fall, ^alal iiftddan.

v.,

j^b
vXu

tjjj

roozeh dashtan.

False, c^-i deroogh

\->&Mzb.

Fast, adj,

tund.

Fame,

-.13

nam.
Jal

Fast
ahel-i-khdneh.

(fixed),

\>y^ mazboot

Ss+

Family, Famine,

a3'i-

muhkem.
Fasten,
v.,

J^
*\i

kahh-tee.

^jTby^

mazboot kar;

Famous, j^-^- mash-lwor ; ma? roof.

Fan,
y.

W*

dan ; ^sfj^s* muhkem kardan

c^~j

bustan.

odd bezan.
vedd.

Fat,

>-j^-

churb.

Far, jjz door.

Fatal,

12&4*

mahlik ; JiU
l-..

kdtil.

Farewell,
Farrier,

*taj

Fate, ji<&i takdeer ;

^3 naseeb

J^> J*3

na'al band.

1*

tale'.

VOCABTJLAKY.
Father, j Jj pedar.
Feel, v. ,

91

^jf^-J ?ams kardan

Jl3

^-o.

^^-^ hhastagee. Fatigue, v., ^fyz~ TchastehJcardan.

Fatigue
Fault, u_~& ayb
;

^^T^-iss Icardan.
Felt (cloth),

namad ;

(p.

of

late

ghalat.
;

Favour,
lutf;

^L^

To
i-AJ

meliribani

feel),

(.^--s* mahsoos.

oldl UUfat. oldl Favour, v.,

Female,
iltifat

oU

mddeh.
^J>y*.

^b

ddshtan.

Fermentation,
Ferocious,
derendeTi.

joosh.
;

Favourite,

i_**.U<,
;

musdhib.
<-Jji.
;

,^>j

vahhshee

sJJ,c

Fear, ^-pr turss

fc/io/.

Feast, c^iUi zidfat nee.

^L*** rnilimd-

Fertile,

jb
v.,

J-.U. li&silddr.
eecJ.

Festival,

J^

Feather, ^j per.
Feed,
v.,

Fetch,

^jl

dwurdan.
;

^b

cJl,y. Tchordlc

dddan ;

Fetid, sJjjS'gandeedeh
'afin.

^^u muta-

i\^ j.UL

td-dm dadan.

92
Fever,
l_j

VOCABULAKY.
tub.
JJiS

Few, J'kam;

kaleel

dJJl

andak.

Fine, v., ^^i a*^ jereemeh kardan. Fine (thin), adj., d^L bdreek; (beautiful), isLls

Fidelity, Uj vefd.

kashang

yiji.

khosh.

F\g,j~<\ anjeer.

Finder, oiiol angusht.

;

Fight,

ellia.

jawa

ly^.3

da'aiva.

Finish, ^^p
Fir-tree,
Fire,

j.Uj

tamdm

kardan.

Fight,

v.,

ska. ^"aw a

kardan;

^kaj.
aiesTi
tj

sf\f.$ da'aiva kardan.

Figure, JC* haykal.
Filbert, jJci funduk.
File, yjU^i
Fill,
a;.,

^'1

Fire (to set on),

(to

JB

aies7i

zadan ;

make

a),

^^T^tjl
dar
;

aies/i Car-

sohdn.

dan.

o-i/^i

pw

kardan.

Finn, J JjU
pj.U

pai'
;

j\/j>

bar kerdr

Filth, oiLi'&esa/at.

Tcdyem

L^u

mazboot*

Find,
Fine,

v.,

^^Ij^j paydd kardan.

First, Jjl

awal.
mdhi.

a*^ jereemeh.

Fish,

^U

VOCABULARY.
Fisherman jf j^* mahi
Fist, cu->

93

geer.

Flesh, ^jfgooslit.
Flexible,

musht.

^.i plchMiur.
;

Fit (proper),

}^

sezdvdr

Flight, jifgureez

}j> ferdr.

mundsib.
Fix,
v.,

Flock, & gilleh.

Icardan.

*f Ss muhkam
<*1^

Flog,

v.,

*j

zadan.

Flag, JJ*-> baydalc.

Flood, J~ sayl.
Floor, cn*j zameen.

Flame,

shu'leh.

Flash, ,fsMJuji> darakhshandegee.

~F\sit,j\}+*

Flour,

ij\

drd.

hamvdr;

>-i'ue

sdf;

e)lji_?>-

Flow, Ukxi e^U. jdri shudan.

Flower,
Flax,

$gul.
magas.
pereedan.

^^Mtan.

Fly, ,^-C Fly,

Flea, dTfcefe.
Flee, v.,

v., cjJ^ri

j&f' gureekMan ;

o'irj^J

Foal, tjTliureh.

ferdr Icardan.

Fodder,

-Jlft

'ala/.

94
Fog,
ao

VOCABULARY.
meh.
Forehead, ijlt-j peeshdni.
Foreigner, i_^ ghareeb.
td kardan.

Fold, b td. Fold,

v.,
v.,

*fk

Forementioned, jjTl* mazkoor.

Follow,

^J'i^ie. dkab Tcardan.

Forenoon,^;! ,jLo
Forest, JKX. jangal.
Forfeit,
*+ij=*

peesft az zw/ir.

Follower,
be'een).

tale' (pi.

&>*>&

ta-

jareemeli

jU ta'oon.

Folly, c^sLa. hemdkat.

Forgery,
Forget,

J*?. ^'a'aZ.
v.,

Food,
Fool,

(2)ij^a.

khordk.

f~ Jy>\j

faramoosh

,j*&.1

alimak.

kardan.
Forgive,
v.,

Foot, b pa.
For,

^sJLki bakhsheedan.

^^

berai; l# be jaJiateh.

Fork,

JKIa.

chengdl.

Forbid,

v.,

&fa~* man'a kardan.

Forlorn, J^r> bee kas.

Force, j^j zoor.

Formal, ajUj rasmdneh.

Ford, i^jjf guzargdh ; j*x+ ma'abar.

Former, ^si-o peeshter.

VOCABULARY.
Forsake,
Fort,
Asia

95
s^b

v.,

^\jfguzdshtan.
v.,

Fragment,

par eh.

kala'eh.

Fragrance, y^y* khosh boo.

Fortify (a castle),
boot kardan;
^\^

^f\>yJu, mazman),

(a sick

oy

France,

Frame, y^" kdb. a-JI^s Frdnseh.

Free, ah\ azdd.

koovet

dddan

Fortunate, u^i-^y- khosh bukht. Fortune, o-as bukht; l-~-oJ naseeb.

Freedom, ^Ijl azddee.

Freeze,
v., ^j^-i
j'u'

&

yakh bustan.

Forward,
Foul,

(jt-j

peesh.

Fresh,

tdzeh.
;

eh*, chirk.

Friend, oj-s doost

Friendship, j~>)*
Fright, u*J turss.

j\ ydr.

Foul-mouthed, ^j^ bad zebdn. Foundation, t^-Ll asdss; jLj bunydd.

Fountain,
,1y

doostee.

fovdreh.

Frighten,

Fowl,
Fox,

,*

murgh.
roobah.

^J^Laj turssdndan. Frivolous, jJj^J bee ma'anee.

v.,

ljj

Frog, <w^/ kurbdkeh.

96
From, jl
Froth,
az.

VOCABTTLAEY.
Furlough,
Furniture,

i^j*
*iU.

muraTchassee.

Frontier, j^-. sarhad.

t_>LJ asbdbi Ichdneh.

;

uSkaf.
-i-1

Future, sJ^l dyendeh

<^\
;

dtieh.

Frown,
Frozen,
Frugal,

dkhm.

J^* munjamid.
*j\$ ledne'.

Futurity, c^i.1 dkherat deh.

sJ^.\

dyen-

G.
Gain, Gain,
*ii
v.,

Fruit, j ;* meeveh.

Fry,

$frj~> surhh Icardan. Fuel, *-* heemeh.

v.,

nafa'

J-*U hdsil.

^L

ydfban

^y.

J-oU.

Fulfil, v.,

zf^$3
jUa

taTcmeel Icardan.

hdsil burdan.
Gait,
t\j

Full,

jj

pur.
jendzeh.

rah.
z do.
v.,

Funeral,

Gallop,
;

Furnace,
tanoor.

J>

furn

(vulg., foor)

jyj

Gallop,

^JojJ daveedan. Gamble, v., ^.i^Ls Tcomdr Icardan.

VOCABULARY.

97
v.,

Game Game

<j}\>

bdzi.

Gather,

(sport), JCi,

shekar

(to

make
ci~o

^if^jam'
akhteh.
sarteep.

kardan.

Gelding,
General,

axil

game
Gang,
Gaol,

ot

any one),

^siljol

k^y

dust anddkhtan.
j'J tail efeh

Generally,

^j** umoomee

Lj**

u^^.
c'o

huhss
bdgh.
\J>\>

^1 jJj

zendan.

Generation, J-J nasi.

Generosity, ojli- sekhdvet.
Gentility,

Garden,

Gardener,

baghban.

ojUi nejdbat.

Garlic,^--, seer.

Gentle,
lebass.

^^U moldy em.

Garment, ^LJ

Gently, ax-aI dhesteh.

Garrison, jliL sdkhloo.

Garter, .x^lj zdnoo band.
Gasli, *ij

Genuine, J~J dseel.

Get,
v.,

^f giriftan ^l yaftan.
;

zukhm.
dervdzeh.

Giddy,

Gate,

5jlj;.J

Gift, yt^itf

^fgeej. bakhshesh ;

ajJ* hedich.

98
Gild,
v.,

YOCABULABY.
sjr%3-* rnutald Icardan.
Glitter, v., ^.xJLi.j.i

darakhsheedan.

Ginger, J~*ij zanjebeel.

Girdle, &~>j~kamar band. Girl,^s.^ dokhter.

Globe, i) kureh.

Glory, J^U. jelldl. Glove, (jiXLi^ dustkash.

Girth,

eLj'

tang.

Glue,

\J-ij-*

sareesh.

Give,

v., (j-ita

dddan; ^sJm, bakhJW-ji. khosh-hdl

;

Go,

sheedan.
Glad,

^b shad;

v., ^j ruftan. Goat,jj buz.

God,

IJo.

fcTwda;

JSt

JiZaTi.

pre-

.jyiji.

khoshnud.

Glance, & negdh.

Glass,
<v~2

serve you, ajfo s&j ljUi lJ*

bhumdrd negdh ddrad.

JaXj Ijo.

khodd
forbid,

sheesheh; ^Ks-1 istikdn.

azA

khodd nekunad;

Looking
Glazier,^

dyeneh.

aJL-i,

sheesheli bur.

istaghfer dllah.
*U\

Good

*Uljs-l
!

Cj^-

Glimmer,

ti^Aj; rooshndee.

subhan ullah.

1^1

tfj/

YOCABtTLAET
khodd.

For

99

's

sake,

1j.

J\j>j\

Gradual,
tadreej.

ffjcam
ddneh.
Lil

kam ;

azbera'i Tchoda.

^Sb

ba

willing jJJULul
|ja.

inshullah

Jalya

klwdd

be-

Grain,

ii\*

khdhad.
Gold,
ill,

feZ/s.

unbar. Granary, ; Grand, ^kc azeeni;

Grant,
v.,

&$

buzurg.
.ib

Goldsmith, ,Sjj zargar. Good, ijy. Jchoob.

Goodness,
Ljji.

*\*

dddan ;

jL|

ijdzeh dddan.

khoobee.
;

Grape, ^ylii dngoor.

Grass,
^_eic

Goods,

ljL.,1

asbdb

JL wa.

alaf.

Goose, jU

Zcz.

Grasshopper, JL malctkh.
Gratis, cui*

Govern, dan.

v.,

^.^fcu-j^. hekoomat kar-

mufti

^ **
!

mejdnan.

Gratitude, JiL shukr.

Government,

l^L

hekoomat.
I

Grave, jJ kabr.
Gravel, eLv reeg.
,

Governor, J"U hakim.

100

YOCABULABY.
(in material),
;

Gray
teri

^Jli
kiz-zil.

khdkes-

Groan,

<^U

naleh;

a/i.

(horse),

J/

Grocer, Jl& bakkd

Graze,

v.,

o^i^ cheridan.
buzurg.
i
a-e
*t

Grove, jlj

o*^

darakht

zar.
;

Grease, ti^ charbi.

Great,
djyj

Grow,

v.,

^J^jj roo-ee-dan

a J-i.

rijj

buzurg shudan.
ghusseh.

Green, j~. subz.

Grief, *t

ghum;
o^J*

Grumble, w., ^j >xJ lundeh zadnn. zamin ; Guarantee (person),

^U
;

Grieve,

v.,

**"*

ghusseh khur-

(warranty),

ojU* zemdnat.
passbdn

dan.
Grind, v., c3 j/'cjL-1 asydb Icardan ; (paints and drugs), &&/ *3L saZayeh kardan.

Guard,
ool.

mL

lj

^J

kara-

Groan,

v.,

u >xrir'<3l3 naleh kashee-

Guard, v., ^^'hi*. hifz kardan. Guardian, fe&5 mustahfiz ; (of a minor), Jk\j ndzer.
Guest,

dan;

yjJ^^'jl 7i kasheedan.

^We* mehmdn.

Y0CABT7LA.BY.

101
^.Ljy toopchi.

Guide,
Guide,
Guilt,

JJu

balad

v.,

Uit\j
*\j

\J\+J
;

rahnemd. rah nemdee

Gunner,

Gunpowder,

Jcardan.

c^l

bdroot.

Gutter, yjljjU ndvdan.

j~*J takseer.

tl^gondh
in

Guilty, jja muhasser.

Gulf,
-sJ^.

H.
Haberdasher,
Habit,
jl^j

Tihaleej.

Gum
J?>\

(arabic), g,^ *+~,

angum ;

sumgh arabi; the teeth), oij^ (of

;

bazdz.

ojU

'ddet.
,jl-

yjljo^

gooshti-denddn.

Habitation,

muskan.

Gun, eL tufang
ioojp.

(cannon),
*)j!

u>y

barrel,

looleh.

of

Hail, e)^' tagarg.

Hair, j*
Half,
Hall,
j*j

moo ;
neera.

(of

woman), ij-fgeess.
tdldr.

stock, jljul konddle.

Hammer

gun,

jlSa.

chukmdh.

Trigger,

^b ddldn
1

; j^llj

<i^>b jpdslineh.

Halter, ^ Li dfsdr.

102

VOCABULARY.
Happy, .iy^i. khdshnud.
Harass,
v.,

Hammer, ui^- chakush.

Hamlet, sjft^ dehkeddeh.

^^Tevo.il aziat kardan.

Hand,

o-o

dust.

Handful, o-^* inusht.

Handkerchief,
J'>*s-.s

dust-mcll.

Harbour,jJ^j bunder. Hard, ^^^ sakht; (difficult), Jy^J doshvar ; j~ mushkil.

Handle, jJ^^ dust-geer.

Handmaid,
kashang.

^
3

Hardship,

j&

>

sakhtee.

keneez

Hare, sj>f/* khargoosh.

;

Haudsome, sj^yHandwriting',
Lst-".}

khoshroo

uzLZJ

Harem, x>\jjzendneh; ; ^j' dnderoon. Harm, l_~s 'ayb; jj^> zarar ; ^^js*
zarar kardan.

dust-khut.

Hang, v., t^jl aveekhtan ; ^J'^ji^ aveezdn kardan.

Happen,
v.,
S> aS\^ voice'

Harsh, o^,.a drusht;

hdsil.

j>) zibr.

shudan.

Happiness, ^yiji. khoshnudi.

Harvest, J-.U ^ Haste, As? 'ajaleh; J*? ta'ajeel. t^lcolu. Hat,

3

VOCABULAKY.
Hatchet, ^J tabar.

103

Heaven,

Hate,

v.,

^^U

Jo

bad ddnestan.

Heavy,
Heel,

oi behesht. ^L> sangeen.

pdshneh.
c\$j\vrtifa'.

Have, ,^'.3 ddshtan.

u>\i

Hawk,

^y

koosh.

Height, ^oJb bulandi;

Heir,
cj,1_j

Head,^
Heal,
v.,

sar.
.^a

vdris.

Headache, ^~

durd

sar.
<jJU*

Hell,

^^

~# jehannum.

J\s. eldj

kardan ;

Helmet,

y&fmo'dlejeh kardan.
Health, \j+ ruizaj.

^ sWkold
J

khood.

Help, vAS ko mek

chareh.

*x

madad

s^U.

Healthy,

o-*,.i js

tun-drust.

Help,

v.,

d ^b

(sUi* Jcomek

dudan

Hear,
Heat,

v.,

J~ shuneedan.
dil.
vxj\j

$fyX*

madad

kardan'.

Heart, J^

Helpless, j U.v> ndchdr.

^J'garmi;

herdrat.

Hem, ^,.s
Hen,

Jarz.
joojeh.

Heathen,

o-^ o?

but-parast.

i*.j*.

101
Hence,

VOCABULARY.

U^l j!

Herb,

i\Jf geedh

dz eenjd. ; c^Li nabdt.

High,

jJb buland.
jLi.

Highway, 2aU
Hill,
aJ'

shah jddeh.

Herd, dTgelleh. Here, U.^.1 eenjd.

Hereon,
Ida

tuppeh.

Hilt, *-M kubzeh.

J*

'ala hazd.

Him, or Her,
Hinder,
v.,

l^jl

oora.

Hereditary, ^j^y> mauroossi. Heretofore ^J^, peeshtee ; ^\j\ J^, peesh dzeen.

^J^

^U

mane* shudan.

Hindoo,
Hinge,

^J^

hindee.

!y looleh.

Heron, J-y havasel.

Hesitate,
v.,

Hint,

jLi.l

ishdreh.

^jS &&jj

taradud

Icar-

dan.

'

Hire,

u}jf kerayeh kardan ; lend on), a &\& i-Ajf kerdyeh (to

v., ^-i/

Hesitation, ^j/ taradud. Hiccup, aC-C saksakeh.

dddan.
Hire, sAfkerdyeh.
Hireling, j**.\ ajeer.

Hide,

v.,

^jjT-iU kdyem kardan.

VOCABULARY.
His,
jl oo.

105
;

Honour, 9j>\ abroo

tfireekh.
; j>.y.

e^

hurmut.

History,

&/5

Honourable, fj& muhtarem.

khanzeer.

Hog,
Hold,

e)^i.

khook

Hood, jLil bdshlik.

Hoof, -* sum.

v., cJii^b ai

negdh dashtan.
;

Hole, f^jy* soordkh Holiday, j^ eed.

^y soolakh.

Hook,
Hoop,

t->}U

kulldb.

Hollow, Hollow,

<wL.

s.,

JUjT^odaZ.
khdlee.

halkeh.

^U. JJ kubul. Holy, (^-JiU mukaddas. Home (house), ajU. khdneh;

v.,

Hope, J-J umeed.

Hope,
a?.,

Holster,

jyiita Ju*l

Hopeless,
(coun-

Ju*l

li

umeed ddshtan. w umeed.

Hops

(plant),

J* khemel.

try),

^j
s.

vatan.
;

Honest, o-J, r#s

^b

^..s

deenddr.

Honey, J

'asal.

Horizon, jl u/&. Horn, ^li shdkh. Hornet, jjJj zamboor.

106
Horrible,

VOCABTJLAEY.

d'J^

holnak.
;

Horse, t-~J asp

(blood), J~-l aseel;

Horse-race, ^j* -~-l asp deevdni. Horse-shoe, J3 na'al.

Hospitable, e>j^
doost.
ajU. yaj/*

jS' Jcahar
(gray),

(mongrel breed), jjIj yahoo ; (bay), ; (black), sL- sidh ;

J^5

^W-s-*

mehmdn-

femi; (cbestnut),

J.i/"

Hospital,

onareez khdneh.
&[>)**

Jcorand, also
ij>j>\

^jTkorang
;

(sorrel),

Host^b

^U^-o

mehmdndar ;
;

abrash

Zafc ;

mand
(jiS^-j

(piebald), j^u! ab(cream-coloured), J^-, sa; (led), djo yedek ; (bolter),

;

meezbdn.
Hostage, jjgero

J^f

kafeel.

Hot, ^fgarm.

sarkasli

(ambling),
o?),

ts-j.

yur-

Hour,

o^L

sd'at.

gheh; (master
akhor, vulg.

j^\ j^\ ameer

mirakhor.

j_y-[r^

HoWjj^Lda. chetor ; *>L chegooneh. Howl, v., cj>^_jc >* 'oiy-'ou? kardan.

Horseback,

ij\y*

sawdreh.

Human,

^L-i! insdni.
liakeer.

Horseman, J\y*

saivdr.

Humble, j***

VOCABULARY.

107
*y,
2 2

Hump, jy
Hundred,

kooz.

Husk,
3

poost.

Humpback, ^^ijy
Ju>

koozpfisht.

Hut, tXkuTbeh.
Hyacinth, J~^> sunbul.

sad.

Hung,

xj2j1 aveekhteh.

Hyena,

J \so'kafbar.
ul

Hunger, ^J^J'guresnegee. Hungry, &~>fguresneh. Hunt, v., zj~ jfcj shikar kardan
(look for a thing), ^^JS gashtan.

Hypocrisy, j>,^y tazveer.

H\pocrite,^jj< muzaver.
I.
I,

Hunter, ^sjz> shikari.

^ mun.
yakh.

Huntsman, j>j&> shikdrchi.

i

Ice, ut

Hurry, J;-* taajeel. Hurt, Jjd diird.

Hurt,
v.,

50

Idea JUi kheyal.

Identical, c^*j be 'ayn.

C *J

jS diird kardan.

Idiom,

J^*\

istilahh.

Husband, j*yZ> shoher.

Idiot, A>\

ableh.

108
Idle, J~S tunbul.

VOCA.BTJLAET.
Illegitimate,
Ml

^lj (.1^.

haram zddeh ;

Idleness, J^j tunbuli.

i

IjjJIjJj

veled-ez-zend.

Idol, ioo but.

Illiberal,

d~*< momsek.
eil

Idolator, <z~*jj

Idolatry, j~>ji lf,j^*\ agar.

Ignite,
v.,

o* co but

but parast.
parasti.

Illiberality

.1

imsdlc.

Illiterate, ^lj- <4 bee

Illness, ,<i>ji-^

sawdd.

ndkhoshi.

^J-io

al*ii

sho'aleli

ka-

Illumination, ^Lcl^. cherdghban.

Illustrious, jUU

sheedan.
Ignorance,

ndm-ddr.
Ml

J^W-

jdhalee

<j\^

Imagination, j_^u
khidl.

tessdwur

JU

ndddnee.
Ignorant,
Ill, (jiji.li

JaV jdhel ;
ndkhosh.

^tali

nddan.

Imagine, ^j/^dJ tessawur kardan ; ^.j^JLi. khidl hardan.

;

Illegal,

s.A i-i^li khelaf-i-shar' eh

Imbecile,

Jac-

J'hami

'aid.

.13 J*' ndhak.

Imitate,

v.,

^j^jJju takleed kardan

VOCABULARY.
Immediately, ^yl
1

109
(j-il^i

J fil.for.

Impose,

nehddan.
Aar-

Immemorial, \jja fo-ran. Immense, j1 Jol ^ bee anddzeh.

Immoderate, Jljcxl ^ Immodest, jt> ^ bee shurm.
bee i'tiddl.

Impossible, jQ+j-i gheir-i-momlin.

Imprison, dcm.

v.,

*J ^^a.

?itt6ss

Impartial, ^-ijo ^ bee taraf. Impatience, \jj~e ^ bee sabri.

Imprisonment, ^^^ hubss. Improbable, J* jljjJ door az'akl.

Impure,
e)b U

na pdh
U

u^i

nejjess.

Impatient, j~o
hdseleh.

bee sabr;

aL-j*.

bee

h),j* door.
Inability,

gly

tairdnee.

Imperfect,
gee;

yosli

ndkis.
bee

Impertinence, ^fl^yt^j

hoodeh-

Inaccurate, ^>s^\i nd sahheehh. Inattention, cJu* ghifat.

Inauspicious, ^-i nahss.

^W*

lJ

&ee hyd-ee.

Important,

*&>

mohim.

Incautious,
Incessant,

<*lia.^L <j

bee moldhezeh.

Importunate, J^L mo'dkad.

^b

day em.

110
Inch, sj^gereh.
Incident,
jlafl itifdk.

VOCABTJLAEY.
Incorrect,

^s

\jnd sahlieeh; c^-j>s U

n#

drust.
il>j

Inclination, J~ mayl.

Increase,

ziyddat ; U1 izdfeh.
-i/jjk
^j. a i

Include,

v.,

&f^\i> ddkhil Jcardan,

htisil
;

Incredible

(it is),

nerai

Income, J->U
khil.

J.Ij*

mucld-

shaved haver hard.

Incurable, --Uc
5)

J# 'ildj.

Incomparable, Js*
Incomplete, -Uj
li

gj

bee missel.
tarn dm.

n
l>

Indebted, ujij^ makrooz. Indecent, lj-i li a sez.

Incompetent,

J?

Is

Iudef .tigable,

kabil.

bee khastegee. ^^^i- tj

Independent, Jai< mustakil.

India,
el

Inconsistent, ,jlu mundfi.

Ja Hind.

Inconstant,

-Jj.J

^^

mutalaven

Indian-corn,
Indicate,
v.,

zurat.
sj\z,\

mezdj.
Inconvenient, o^aj zahhmat-

Sj~

ishdret kar-

dan ;

yjJy^J

nemoodan.

VOCABULAET.
Indication, ^b.1 ishdreh.
Indifferent (not caring), JsU ghdftl; (impartial), <-J>Je c > lee taraf.

Ill

Infantry,

j.lki

oL piddeh nezdm.
^jTuty)

Infatuate, v.,
Icardan.
Inferior,

^ lee vekoof
^
lee deen
;

Indigent, ^di. muftis.

Indignant,^-x mutaghayer.
neel.

y^Skamter ;
;

y~~j puster.

Infidel,^ kafer
Infirm,
i-jL-.

^j

Indigo, JJ

za'eef; Ji* 'aleel.

Indulgence, ^^,4* mehrildnee ; dj\y navdzish.

Industrious, J^Vkdrkoon; ^Ljsd'ee. Inebriate, o~-> must.

Inform,

v.,

^^^
uy,1

khalar dddan.
<^\^ mee-

Inherit, v., ^JjT&j] irss giriftan.

Inheritance,
rdss.

irss;

Inexperienced, deh.

s^j-oj!

nd azmoo-

Inhuman,

***.j

lee rah'm.

Injunction, jJIj ta'keed.

Injure, ^jJL^j-i zarar resdndan.

Infancy, ^J^i bacheh gee.

Infant, ^_ bacheh.

Injury, }Ji zarar.

112
Injustice, ^/^Jl j> bee insdfee.

YOCABULAEY.
Insecure,

^1

li

nd dmn

_,Uftl

^>

be

Ink,

i_-T,

murakkab.

i'tibdr.

Inkstand, cjIjj dawdt.

Inlaid,

Insensible, yj'yji bee hoosh.

Insert,
Inside,
v.,

a^* murrassa.

^jT J.ta
too
;

ddkh.il kardan.

Inn, a3U:U*~o

mehmdn

khaneh.

j>\

dndar ; j& dar.

Innocent, ^-> bee gondh.

Inquire, o^^ji purseedan
;

Insincere, Uj-o bee vafa. Insipid, sj+ ^j bee muzeh.

&&2>kyi

Insolvent, ^-U* mujiis

Inspect,
v.
,

jooyd shudan. Insane, <u1^o deevdneh.

Insanity, j3\y* deevdnegee.
Inscription,
J2.,&
Ml

^-^

<*ka.}L

^b na dar. wMldhezeh
15

kardan.
Instant,
-.^

dum;
'avaz.

an.

negarish;

Instead,

^y-

khutt.
Insect,

Institute v., ^jTjji+

mukarar kar-

ffkirm.

dan.

VOCABULAEY.
Instruct, xy&.y] dmookhtan.
Intercede,

113

^^aLJj

vdseteh kardan.

Instructor, jb, mo'alem. Instrument, o3Jl diet.

Insult,

Intercourse, *^\j+ murdvedeh.

Interdict, v.,

Insurrection

^\j^\ ^ (^yi shoorish.

;

bee ihterdmee.

dan.

*-.

man'a kar-

Intellect, Jac 'alcl

JHyt hoosh.

Interest (money), J^i; tanzeel ; s.j> fure; (in a matter), j>j- <jharaz.
Interior,

Intelligence, bar.

khabar ; jL\ dkh-

^j deroon.
ao-ta

Intemperance, Jljccl
Intend,
tan.
v.,

bee itiddl.

Interminable, j\ ^j bee akher.

Internal,

^IJ
s*\J\

% A \j\

irddeh dash-

ddkheleh ddkheleh;
;

,^,Jo1 ^jj*

dnderoonee.
Interpret,

Intention,

irddeh.

dan.

*.J

tarjumah kar;

Intense

Jo Jui

shadeed.
Ijl.1

Interpretation, &+*>J tarjumah

(of

Intentional,

dmddn.

dreams), ^~jt ta'abeer.

I

114
Interpreter, **>/*

YOCABULABY
mutarjam.
Intrepid, dl? ^j bee bah. Intricate, ,^ ^~j peech-ddr.

Interrogate

(to), ^^Tj'j-. sno'dlkardan,- gzj' j\ZJcJ\ istifsdr kardan.

Intrigue,

J!>j{~>

sdzish.
v.

Interval,

oj L-* musdfat.

Introduce

(a person),

^J

tjj**
Ji-'.J

Interview, oli^L middkdt. Intestine, t^jj roodeh.

mvJarajee kardan ;
^^j>

(a thing),

ddkhd kardan.
^j^> supurdan. ^^Aj^.\ ikhterd kardan; paidd kardan.

Intimacy,

j^.
v.,
;

ek yek jalietee.

Intrust, v.,

Intimidate,
Into, j* dar
jjj\

^jiLy tarsdneedan.
;

Invent,
;

v.,

^j fee

,$*,&

duroon

sj>

Ij^j

dndar.

Intolerable, J-*^ j- ghair motalia-

Inventory, sidheh.
Investigate,

o*-^
v.,

fehrist

<utL--

mal.
Intoxicated,
Intoxication,
{

must.

kardan
dan.

^j^
uos*
)

^^

tahkeek

tafahuss kar-

j^*

mustee.

VOCABUIAET.
Invitation,
Invite,
v.,

115

o^j

^o^
J*-*

da'avat.

da'avat

Tear-

Ivory, ^lc / Ivy, islsji peecheJc.

dan.
Inundation,
sayl.
J.

Involuntary, jL^I
Iron,

lee ikMiar.

Jackal,

Jlii.

^1

alien.
Jail, gljjj

shaghdl zenddn.

Irregular, sJclio lee-kdadeh.

Irresolute, J&ixJ

Jar, ttylcoozeh.

beeistilddl.

Jasmine, ^^o lj yasmeen.

Jasper,

Irrigate, t\, ^Ijol db-dddan.

^ yashm.

Island,

s^ja.

jazeereh.
[

Jaundice, ^teg yerkdn

glj-i;;

ran?-

Issue, v.,

iJ~j*

*>

sddir Tcardan.

ydn.

Itch, J^j\s- khdresh.

Jaw,
khadesh.

isii

/<x7c.

Item,
Itself,

>j

furd.
;

Jen lous, ^^^a. hesond.

(ji^i.

oj Jchud

Jealousy,

J-^

Jiassad.

116
Jerusalem, t^-o*J1 o*j bait
kaddes.
Jest, iJ-jZ, shookhi.
Jester,
el

VOCABULARY.

mu-

Journey, y~ safar.
Joy,

^^^ dilkhoshi.

Joyful, ^jli shddee.

^ji shookh.
{

Judge,

^U kdzee

Jesus Christ,

j~

t?Ml

e^aa. hazrat Eesd.

Jet (of water), ,ly favvareh.

i-shur'e (not see Doctor).

hakeem

c/j |^=^ for ;

hakim
which

Jew,

^>J>i

yahoodi

tye*. jaliood.

Judgment, J^- hukem

Judicious, Joe
i_*a.L

\ys fatvd.

saheb 'aid.

Jewel, ^_ja. johar.

Jeweller,
c/*_??-

Jug, ijf koozeh.

;

Jockey,
Join,

jl^-.

Jjj zerger. iskU chabuk sawdr.

J- ^*

johari

Juggle, v., ^./'cS;^ kardan.

Juggler, jl
Juice,

^k hoka bdzee
bdz.

v.,

o>v
Hi

mutassil kardan;

ik hoka
db
;

^ala

JLaj'l

itissdl

dddan.

m1

Jjj-*-

arak

- *-

Journal,

<u^j_j;

roozndmeh.

sheereh.

VOCABTTLAKY.
Juicy, j\^\ dbddr.

117

Key, jJflceleed.

Jump,

v.,

iji

pereedan

Kick, Kick,

j&
v.,

laggad.
Aj oO leggad zadan. 6uz ghdleh.

justan.
Jupiter, IJJ&+ musliteree.
Just,

Kid,

aJlcjj

J^U

'ddil.

Kidney,

&X kulbeh.

Justice, oJIj* iddlet.

Kill, c^lT kushtan.

Juvenile,

^y* jawdnee.
K.

Kiln, sj^lcooreh.

Kind
Keen,j-J teez.

(sort),

j^joor;

p~3 kissm;

uf

gooneh; (friendly),
riban.

Uj+* meh-

Keep,

v.,

^aili

negdh ddshtan.

Keepsake, ^tol ydd-gdr. Kernel, ja* maghz.

Kettle, yjj kitree.

Kindle, v., tr^jyl dfrookhtan y&f dtesh kardan.

'

yjs\

Kindness,

J>^.j^>

mehribdni.
u&jji kheesh.

Kindred,

j.y

kom ;

118

YOCABULABY.
Knock,
Knot,
cyi~j

King, t\iishdh; sli^b pddishdh.

v.,

^j zadan; ^J^jf

koo-

Kingdom, Kiss, --L mdch.

Kiss,
v.,

liXA*-o

mamlakat.

beedan.
tj gerreh ; (to make a), tjT gerreh bastan. (a thing), v., cJi~iU ddnestan;

^3jT\*

mdch

Tcardan.
;

Know

Kitchen, iiUjj
^-k.

<_!

dsh-puz klidneh

matbakh.

lvuei\d,v., {:r-{~>j~*kliameer sakhteri.

(a person), ^zi-Ui shendkhtan. Knowingly, *x-Jb ddnesteh. Knowledge, J* Urn.

Knee, ylj zdnoo.

Kneel, v., y\j sheshtan.
Knife,

Knuckle,
do zdnoo ;
^^i-iJ we-

^ bund.
b
*J

Label,
(clasp), $sL.,

c:

sar-i-pdket.

^kard;
a*TS

chdkoo;

Laboratory)

U^'iT

kdrkhdneh.

(pen), fjAjiJs kalam-trdsh.

Labourer,
Lace,
;_jk

al*c

amaleh

Knob,

dukmeh.

toor.

VOCABULARY.
Lad,
^'ja.

119

jaw an

<&\j*.

jawanek.

Ladder, ^<sj nardvdn.

Ladle, j&Tkaf-geer.

Language,
Languid, Lantern,

Lane, i^jfkoocheh. oj zabdn.

]

>

sust.

Lady, jU. khanwm.

Lake,

^^ darydcheh.
h\j*

y-jili

fdnooss.

Lap, J baghal.
Large,
is);

Lame, ekJ lang. Lament, yjfo zdree.

a buzurg.

Lamp,
Lance,

chirdgh.

Last,
Last,

Lark, ^Ji'V kdkoolee. ac?j.,^i.| akher.

r.,
s.,

s^J nayzeh. Lancet, j~~> neshter.

^^p

j,lj^

dawdm
el

kardan.

Last,

t-JU kdleb.

Land, &.*) zameen. Landlord (of a house),

Lastly, s*>y\ J*\ akher

jjU.

'amr.

l_^.U
i_>a.L

sdheb klianeh ; (of land), eU* sdheb milk.

Latch, Jos kujl. Late )vfo deer.

Lather,
s.,

^jflcaf.

120
Lattice, eLi shabak.

YOCABTJLABY.

Laugh,
Laugh,

v., (jjojji.
s., J^i-

khandeedan.

League

League (bond), J^t WicZ; \>Ju shurt. (in Persia, 4 miles), isk-^
farsang
;

khandeh.
c/i

-j

farsakh.

Law
i-jjC-

(sacred),
y

shar'e;

(civil),

Lean, adj.,J?i Idgher.

Lean, Leap,
Leap,
v.,

urf ;
Lj

(rule),

ay\s kanoon.
;

^J~iJJi tekieh kardan.

justan.
jJ* kheez.
z\>_

Lawful,
Lawsuit,

t ri shar'ee

J^ft 'urfee.

v., c>=~*s.,

**h\j*

morafe'eh.

nehddan. Lay, v., Lazy, J~J tunbul.

Lead,
s.,

^W

Learn,

^jT

ydd geriftan
Je-

J-ass

^J'tahseel kardan.

m^-

sitrb.

Lead, v., burdan.

^^^

kesheedan;
burg;

^j
(of a

Learned, adj., lib ddnd ; sdheb 'ilm.

Learning, Jc 'ilm.
Lease,
*,U.l

t--o.L

Leaf

(of a tree), c^> book), j^j varak.

ijdreh.

Leather, *^.

churm; ~Lj teemdj ;

Y0CABT7LABY.
(untanned, or chamois),^**, jeer ;
(Russia),
;
lalo

121

Ledger, / ^ daftar.
Leech,
^113 zdloo.

hulghar.
(

Leave,

s.,

ijWI ijdzeh;

j**-j+

mura-

Left,

*--.

chup.
;

khassee; &J\ izn.

Leg, b
-^ e g a

pa

jL

sdk-i-pd.

Leave, v., ^\ jf guzdshtan ; (to give), fji\<i ^il izn dddan ; <jxj+

Legacy, ew^j vesdyet.

t/tr*

shar'ee.

yjfmuralchas kardan;

Legend,
(to obtain),

cj^

hekdyat.
<&.

^y

^il

izn giriftan;
;

^f

Legerdemain, ujl?

7iofra

ha zee.

jjU!

Legible, \^y* kh'dnd.

ijazeh giriftan

^jf\^j* mura-

Legion, tjj^gerooh.
Leisure,
io-^

Ichassee giriftan.

fursat;

o^ /eradadun.

Leaven, jjU mdyeh.

Leavings, jjJL ,jL bdki mdndeh.

Lemon,
Lend,

y*^ ley moo.

Led

(horse), e)Jo -.1 asp-i-yedek.

v.,

^ta u*/

Ararz

122

TOCABULAHY.
Lessen,
v.,

Length ^j^ dardzee ; J J tool. Lenient, *jiL moldy em. Lenity, c^i^-* moldy emat. Lent Christian ),j-j^j pa r/ieez ; (Mohammedan), &"*+j ramazdn.
(

^jS^Tcam
dv/rss.

kardan.

Lesson,

(_>-,>>

Last taU* mabddd.

Let

(hire),

^ta

s.iL.1

ijdreh

dddan ;
;

(permit),

j^JS" guzashtan

^il

Lentil (vegetable), u*-^ 'adass. Leo (zodiac), x~* 'asad.

j^b

izn

dadan

a^f. <J**j*

mu7iwr/

rakhass kardan.
Letter
(pi.

palang. mabrooss. Leper, ^>}j^>

Leopard,
Leprosy,
<j>j>

gJjL

(of

alphabet),

i-/s

buruss.
less),

^jt^hroof) ; (epistle), ii^A-aghaz ; xAy nevishteh; (from inferior to superior,

i-eijS-

Less, j^S~ kamtar ; (more or U S'liam ya beesh. (jt-o

areezeh

a petition); (superior to inlit.,

;

Lessee,

jta

ij\*.\

ijdreh

dar

jcJ^~~e

ferior), ^j

rukum

(of

recommen-

mosta'jar.

dation),

A*Li,lft~j

safdresh-ndmeh.

YOCABUIABY.
Lettuce, y*^ Jcahoo. Levee, -iL. saldm.
Level, j\j+* liamvar
;

123

(of tbe eye), .&. *,> pardeh-i-

chesm.

tiU

saf;

}a~+

Lies,

ijjj>

droogh.

mosattahh.
Lie, v., jxS' )j3

droogh guftan

(to

Levity,

^C-

sabukee.

give tbe

lie),

^^ v-i^'

takzeeb

ar,

Liberal,

y^jj* drooghgoo. ^s?* sakhi ;

harden;
(in

(to recline),

^Ju-lTj^ di-

ideas),

raz Jcasheedan.
Lieutenant,
_-o

JLa. tx~>y tose' Jihial.

U naib.

Liberty, ^j^j\ dzddee.

Library,
Licence,

u\isi\^S"ioitab
sj\a.\

Jchaneh.

Life,^*c 'omr ;
Lifeless,

^Mj

zendagee.

Lick,

v.,

ijdzeh ; j\#- jawdz. ^jJssJ leesseedan.

>;

^^

beejdn.

Licorice, u"f>

rube sooss.
<J>y,j~>

Ligament, ^j pey. Ligbt, s.j J&jjj roshani

;

<j^3j rosh-

Lid (of a

vessel),

sarpoosh

nd'ee.

124
'

VOCABTJLABY.
v.,

Light,

y&f r>3j roshan

Tcardan

^fj^i\ atesh Icardan ; (to bring to ligbt), ^jj&> zdhar Icardan.

Limb, yat uzv (pi. Lime, d*1 ahek.

Limit,
Jj*.

Ufil

a'za).

hud.

Light (not heavy),

Lighten Lighten
v.,

adj.,

eL- sabuk.

Limpid,
Line,

<L sdf.

sf<&~ sabuk Tcardan.

W. Ichut.

(flash),

^JuJLi^

darakh-

sheedan.

Line (clothes), kardan.

v.,

o^j^9

J^

aster

Lightminded,
Lightning,
Like,
J/,

i-aJ&.

khafeef.

Linen, J'dfketdn.
Linger,
v.,
I

burk.
;

^\s

J_jL

tool

dddan.

jjU mdnend
v., iyxita

Ji misl

a-~i>

Lining,^-.
Link,^aij

aster.

shabeeh.
Like,

Asia,

hallceh zanjeer.

ks^^ doosi dashtan.

tashbeeh.

Linseed,

ejyj

bazrdk.

Likelihood, JUii.1 ihtimdl.

Likeness,

j*~J

Lintel, j tf sardar. Lion,^-i sheer.

YOCABULAEY.
Lip,

125
iJJ}
is*ji

cJ

lub.
v.,

Liquidate (debts), kardan.

Living,

zendeh.
buz-mejeh.
bur.

U\

add

Lizard,

Load,
Load,

List, o~j4? fihrist i a*L- siydheh.

s.,j\).

v.,

Listen, v.,
Listless,

^^U ^jTgoosh dddan.

.

&z>fj\ bar kardan; ^j/J**.

Tiam'l kardan.

sust.

Litigant,

^^ muda'ee.
andak ; S^ ham ;
J3j
\

Loaded,
gun),
Jis

Litter, ois takht.

Little,
e) Jol

tsf } bar kardeh; f^ji pur kardeh.

\i

(of a

Loaf, -XS'komaj ; ^ojkurss.

kaleel

isi^^koochek.

Loan, j>/ kurz.

Live, v., ^Jwi

zendeh shudan.

Lobby, ^jj^kerijdss
kan.

yjJTkafsh

Livelihood,
Lively,

jfguzeran. }

Liver,

chust.

Lock,

s.,
,

Ji kufl.

jigger.

Lock, v

ti^Ja*

kufl

kardan.

126
Locust,
J-o
v.,

YOCABULAEY.
malakh.
;

Lord, dyi buzurg

(pi.
(pi.

buzur#

Lodge, o^J;-^ munzel Tear dan j^U Jj^< munzel ddshtan.

Lodging, Jj^ munzel. Lone, \#3 tanlia.

gdn)
Lose,

jgf\

ameer
3

c-^1

ome) a').

v., $j ~gum kardan. ^ naseeb. Lot (chance), Lots (to cast), r., a^i kure'a ^j
l-...,

Long,
Look, Look,

j\ji
s.,

derdz.

zadan.

& negah.
^_f s&

Loud,

jJo

buland.
ishk.

v.,

negah kardan ;
shul hardan;

Love,

j^

^Jo-s

deedan.
?'.,

Loved,

ijj-la-

ma'ashook.

Lover, ,j^lc 'dshik.

^-i/
J-i>

Loosen,

Louse, u-?- shepesh.

1

goshdd kardan.

Low,

ac7j.
a?.,

o~j

pits*.

Lop

(trees), v.,

^J^y

terasheedan.

Lower,

^^jj/

/roo kardan;

^3^

Loquacious,

i-Jl^a.

harrdf.

zf pa-yeen kardan.

VOCABTTLAKY.
Loyal
f>?)ac

127
;

mutee'
bukht,
j?ju

j^^j

rafaddr,

Machine, o^l aZ^i

.til* raan^en-e/i.

Luck,

L-.-.-aJ

nasseeb.

Mad,
Made,

i3^.^
s.,

deevdneh.

Lucrative,

mufeed.

Madder,

u*^3j ronass.

Ludicrous, >x khande'ee.

aoi-L sakhteh.

Lukewarm,
Lull,
,j-iy

*};*?* sheer
I

garm. dram kardan.

lazeez.

Magazine, \j& makhzan; j\j\ ambar.

Luscious,

Jo.JJ

Lust, oj^ii shahvat. Lustre, ^J^jj roshndee.

Maggot, *f~lirm,
Magnificience,
jelal. o^j-i.

shoket

J^U.

Lusty,

c^-j;^
j^j

J>

tan drust.

Lynx, dJj

yuz palang.

Magpie,

jM

cXTkeldgh ablak.

Maid,^^
M.
Mace,
J^j

dokhtar.
<ulll

Majestic,

shalidneh.
Ml

topuz

jL*

cliomak.

Mail (armour),

jj zerreli.

128
Maintain
ta'areef
(to assert), v.,

VOCABULARY.

kardan ;

a sf <-kf* (support), ^b^5

Mane

J'j

ydl.

Manful,

aSl^y.

murdaneli.

sf negdhdari
Make, Make,
v.,
s.,

kardan.

^\-> sdkhtan. aUsi-L, sdkhtemdn

murraz.

i-~&

tarkeeb.

Manger, ^.1 dkhoor. Mango, sJ\ anbeh. Manhood, oJj^ rejooliyet. vdzehh. Manifest, J&\ ashkdr ;
^>\j

Malady,

J>j*

Manifest,

v.,

*f \^ nemaydn
j^>
zelioor.

Male,y3 nur.

hardan.
khdtemi.
Manifestation,

Mallow

(plant),

Man, p^l Manage,

^"Uddam; *j* murd.

v.,

karzfj~>S> tadbeer

Mankind, ^\ J-i Manner, ^> turhh ;

joor
;

beni ddam.
-ij

vuz'aij^

dan. Manager. ^^ dabeer;^^ mobdsher;

jKi-j peeshkdr.

jjb turz.
c^*i->

Manufacture,

sana'at.

Manumission, ^\j\ azddee.

TOCABTJLAET.
I Manuscript, ki~M

129

dust
\

Jchutt.

(for a
(for a

man),

&j zun

burcL

Many,j\~~!lisijdr; Map, Julaj nuksheh.

Marble,
j*j+

3 \j feraviin.

woman),

*fj*^
mereekh.
;

sho

kardan.

murmur.

Mars

(planet),

Mare, ^le^U madidn.

Margin,
hdr.
<j~iU hdshieh.
*L~+a>

Marsh,
Marvel,
be-

ol^
s.,

murdab

_,Uj

noysar.

e^s* 'ajab.

Marigold, j\#

hameesheh

Marjoram, pooneh. Mark, \lj nishun; l_^}U ildmat. Market, j IjU bazar.
Marriage,

Marvel, dan.

v.,

aif c_Jk
Ml

ta'ajub

har-

Masculine, fx, muzakker.

Mason,

*la

bannd ;

(stone-),

^ly

12L-

^jj*

'aroosee.

sang trash.
Massacre, J^s fruf I.

Marrow, y^ mughz.
Marry,
v.,

^p^TjU

iyal giriftan;

Mast, JJuj baydak.

130 Master
a

VOCABULARY.
(lord or chief),
alx-l tsl
;

agha;

(of

Mean, jifi^. hakeer

zaleel.

(despicable), JJ3

trade),

ustdd

(teacher),

^su

mo all em.
sz+ijS'

Mat,^,~~^ hasseer. Match (for a light),

(pair),

kibreet

Mean, ajLo miydneh; (middle), \j~ meyzdn. Mean, v., ^Ij Jao ma'ani ddshtan.
Meaning,
<j** wta'emi.

cj
s.,

juft.

Material,

i,b pdrcheh.

Means

(revenue),
>

JU

rndl

J^a

Maternal,

^^U

mdderee.
hendissee.

dukhl.
Measles, el>^ swrkhek.

Mathematical,
Matter,
^>U

^Aia

mddeh.

Mattress, d.i ddsliek.

Measure, til*^ peymdneh ydss ; j\ Jol anddzeh.

Measure,
v.j

.;

u*\J kikar;

Mature, ^J*-, raseedan. Mausoleum, jlj- mazdr.

^^T^U-j peymdn
kiydss

dan ;

gijS" u-l^

kardan

Meadow, ^-^ chaman.

^jS^sjljol

anddzeh

giriftan.

TOCABULAEY.
Meat, iz^^gooskt. &>\ J* muddkheleh Meddle, v., kardan.

131

Meeting, u-1** mujliss; oliiL mold'

kdt.
ekJ.s

^f

Melancholy,
geer.

diltang

jS2*

dil-

Mediate, dan.

v.,

^^S^aL-Ij vdseteh kar-

Mellow,

sJ---,

raseedeh.
<,J>y

Mediation, h~>y tavasut.

Medical,
<JJ
\j<>

Melodious,
tebdbat.

ljw

khosh sedd.

tib-bee

e^U

Melon

(yellow),
ajIj-xl*

*jy.j

kharboozeh

Medicine,

daw a.
sffi

(water-),

hindoodneh.

Meditate, v., ^3*?* sanjeedan;

filer

kardan.

vl db shudan. Memorandum, c^ta ^, ydd dasht.

Melt,
v., &xz*

Medlar, Jijl azgeel.

Meek,
loom.

v.^U

moldyem

jil*

maz-

Memory, .sU ydd; akiU. hdfizeh. Men, (jt.^* mardumdn. Mend, v., zfjt* ta' ameer kardan.
Mendicant,

Meet,

v.,

^jTcjlsiL moldkdt kardan.

\ gedd.

132
Mention, jJl zikr.

VOCABULARY.
Metal, *JJ filiz.
cjL-iI

Merchandise,
tajareh.

c^Us

asbab

Metaphor,
Meteor,

<uUS~

vW-

kendyeh. shehdb.

Merchant, ^U tdjer ; f\$y> soddger. Mercifal, -ey raheem.

Method, ~)o
Metropolis,

turhli.

o^

n>\jpdyeK takht.

Mercury
Mercy,
Mere,
Merit,

(planet), ^Ikc itarud.

Midday,^
Middle,
I~j

zuh'r.

^-j

rahm.
,>**

vussat
<

^L* miydn.

c.^-. sirf;

mate.
&"$ la-

Midnight,

t_~i

a-<a3

nisf-i-shub.

^^j-* sezdvari.
;

Midway,
Might,

t\j

*a*.J

neemelx-rah.

Meritorious, j lj]^ sezdvar

yek.

Midwife, LU>

mama.

oy

koovai.

Message, U*j
Messenger,
jlU.

payghdm.
(horse),
(foot), J->U kdsid.

Mild, *j^L

moldyem.

t^^J fcrista deh;

;

chapdr

Military, ^^i nizdmev. MilJ , >f-i sheer.

!r

VOCABULARY.
Mill, L-1 asya.
for coining money),

133

*L

i_>|>

=ara6

Miller,

^b L-l asya ban.

Lt.|

khaneh.
Mint,
v.,

Mill-stone,
ml

eL* sang -i- asya.

^o; aL sikkeh zadan.

Mimic,

jJji*

moTcallid.
v.,

Minute, <wJj dakeekeh.

Mince (cut small),

*+J kay-

Miracle,

js*<>

mo'jezeh.

meh
Mine,

kardan.
'akl.

Mirror, <ml dyeneh.

Mind, JSc
s.,

Mirth,

^^.s

dilkhoslti.

^j*. ma'adan.
^.^TL-aJ

Miser, j-ds bakheel.

Miserable, JJi zaleel.

Mine,

v.,

nuhb kardan.

Minister, ^ijj vazeer ; (Prime Minister), Jafi] jj^> sadr aazami.

Miss (a mark), dan.

Mist,
a*

Misfortune, j^.^ bad-bukhti. ^^T Iki. khetu kar.

Minor, j^> sagheer.

meh.
s.,

Mint

(plant),

cLo na'ana

(place

Mistake,

Li. khubt

^- sah'c.

134

YOCABTTLAET.
Modern,
jadeed.
jIj

Mistake, ^j=> Li. khvbt kardan; 3j^j4~> saWv kardan.

tdzeh

no

Oe^a.

Misunderstand,
fo.hmeedan.
Mitigate,

s~+&

t_J^U.

kheldf

Modest,
hyd.

tffAjZ,

sharm-geen ;

La.1

bd

^.ita <-AJ&

takhfeef dddan.

Moist, adj.,

J num.
J~ ij^su

Mix,

v.,

c ^fij\3 kdti kardan ; \>^s?

Moisten,
Molest,

^^b J num dadan.

C)

qsJ>

makhloot kardon.
v.,

v.,

ta'dee'

kardan.

^Jtj ndleedan. Moat, jJwii. kliunduk. Mob, (.'^-ijl izdeluim ; Ic^c ghoghd. Mock, v., ^J'ijsr* maskhareh kar-

Moan,

Moment,
Monarch,

^1 an.
sli.iL

padishdh.

Monday, i~>^ do-shambeh. Money, J^j pool; sUi^ tankha. Monkey, moon.
ici)y_

dan.

boozeeneh; &y+#> may-

Model,

stsj

nv.ksheh.

Moderate, Jj^a* mo'tadil.

Month, U mdh.

VOCABULARY.

135
J^*** miusjid.

Monument, j fob yadgar. Moon, sL mdh; i_>Us>L mahtdb

(new), J^ helldl;
(full), j
Jo

Mosque,
;

Moss, Jy* mZrkk

(pr.

mZrgh).
r */ l-~^ s7<(tb-

badr.

Most, ^51 dksar.

More,

^Ijj

ziyddeh; yi-j beesh; ^i-o

Moth,

aj'j^j

parvaneh;

beeshter.

/?erre7i.

Moreover,

^j
^>

Morning,

s^^U aldveh ber-een. sub'h.

Molten, j^U mdder ; ^lj valedeh. Motion, Lr^a. harakat.

Morrow
Mortal
t

(to,), \sj>

farda.

Motion

(to set in), ,^ta lt^/. hara-

Morsel, *+& lukmeh.

(a),
l~Jl

kat dddan.
;

insan

(deadly),

Motive,

L_~~i

subub
kdlib.

tl^l bd'isr.

ju^T" kusJiendeh.
(for

Mould, cJU

Mortar

pounding),

^U

havan ;

Mouldy, d/" kerek

(to

become),

(cannon), j^L^-

khumpdreh ; jJ

^jj dj^kerek zadan.

kopuz.

Mound,

tuppeh;

J> tut.

136

VOCABTJLABY.
Munificence, o$U" sekhdvat. s., JxS katl c^iS^ kushtan.

Mountain, s^kooh, Mourn, v.,^j^. t^-j-Jl afsooss khurdan ; &f \sfo zdri kardan.

Murder,

Murder,

i\,
5.,

j^kus'htan.

Mourning, {jj\^j* 'azaddri.

Mouse, yij* moosh. Mouth, ^<i dahan.

Murmur, Murmur,
Muscle,

& gilleh.
^j
J^J

v.,

lundeh zadan.

aLaff

azaleh.

Mow

(to), v.,

i>f jj& dero kard.an.

Much,jL~J bisyar ; ^^-U. khaili. Mud, ^fgil ; jiUl> bc'ctldk. Muddy, ; b' Mr.
Mulberry (white),
ojJ
7iatw*.

Mushroom, j\S kdrch. Music (vocal), jljl <n'z;

mental), jl~
sz.

(instru-

Musician

(vocal), jJJlji.

oy

toot; (black),

(instrumental),

jJjjL

klidnendeh; sazendeh ;

jli s7iaft. toot.

Mule,^ls Mundane, ^yi^ dunydvee.

Musk,

t-^k* mutrib. eli- mislik.

eliS tufeng.

Musket,

VOCABULARY.
Musketeer, ^isUaj tufeng -chee. Muslin, JJL malmal.
Myrtle, i )y> moord.
Mysterious, ^Jis* makhfi. Mystery, j^, rdz.

137

Mussulman,
Mustard,

^U

musulmdn.

Mustachio, J~- sabeel.

J-^p. Tchardal.

N.
Nail (finger), ^'o
jtf-o

Musty,

^jfljtu

mutaafan.
yd ghee.
&\~J fesad.

Mutineer,

^l

Mutiny, Mutiny,
Mutter,

s.,

meekh
s^tj
s., *\i

nakhun ; (peg) (claw), do>. chung.

;

v.,
-v.,

^Jti y-\jydghees?iudan.
(

Naked,

berehneh

&>_/

'arydn.

^JjJ^J

landeedan.

Mutton, jjJ^jT c^jf goosht-i-goosfond.

Name, Name,

nam

^1

ism.

v.,

^J^k

ntfmeecfom.

Namely, ^^o yaani.

tfs^k tarafayn.
j^jsjjj

Mutual,
Muzzle,

Nap
Nap,

(of cloth), idfkurlc.

s.,

poozehband.

c^. churt.

138

VOCABULARY.
(to take a), v., ^aj

Nap

o^. churt

Necessaries, ^Ujlj) lowazemat.

zadan.

Necessary,

p
J^j

lazim.
;

Napkin,

JLjj,

roomal.

Neck,

aJ,

rakdbeh

zfgardayi.

Narcissus, ^jSji nergess.

Necklace,

^jTgardan-bund.
hajat; ^_W^
ihtidj.
;

Narration, oi^- hekayat.

Nectarine, Jii shaleel.

Narrow,
Native,

eUi'

tung.

Nation, v^lo mil-lut.

,Jul

Need,

s.,

o<?-U.

aslee.

Need,

v.,

^U *-W^ ihtidj dashtan

mohtaj shudan.
pjVli

Nativity, &j>y mowlood. tubeo'ee ; J>li zatee. Natural, o*-l> tabee'at ; oli zi. Nature,

^ji

-.U-s*

j^

Needle, ^jj- soozan. na lazem. Needless,

Naval,

i^fS*.

bahree.

Needy, -A=s* mohtaj.

Neglect,
v.,

Near, ck.jp nazdeek.

Neat, j-J tameez.

zf<z^s. gihjlat
gliafil.

kardan.

Negligent, Ji^

YOCABTIIAEY.
Negociate,
Tcardan.
v.,

139
;

i^

^^

moameleh

Never, Jy Imrgez
voikt.

oSj ^* heech
tarof.
J4*i

Negociation, aLU* moameleh.

Neutral,

<-}>
;

^ bee
j^'

Neighbour, .uL^ humsdyeh.

New, y no

tdzeh;
;

jadeed.

Neighbourhood, ^fi^-** hamsdyehgee.

News, j hhabar muzhdeh.

(good),

*^>

Next
^1*5

(adjoining),

J-^

mutassil

Neither,

^JaS ne-een ne-an.

}

a^,^
;

payvasteh; (following), Xi\

Nephew,

i^j

^ji

brdder

zddeh

ayende/i.

s^\jjst\j^

Jch'dher zddeh.

Nib,

eli wiZA-.

Nerve,
Nest,

(~at

assab.
;

Niece.

See Nephew.

<uV

laneh
;

*^\

ashyaneh.

Night, e~i shub.

Net, }> toor

dam.

Nightgown,
shub.

s~i

^^

pcrdhani-

Nettle, vj^gezeneh.

140
Nightingale,

VOCABULABY.

bulbul.

Nimble, elU. chahuk.

Nipple, ^^-j pistdn.
Nitre,

Nonsense, ^J* j^-j bee hoodegee; ^>^> bee ma'ani.

Noose,

yX^kamand.

a^i slworeh

North,

JUi

sliemal.

Nobility,

^j>
;

zurgawar
Noble,
c-~si

^V nejabat.

buzurgee; j^ji bu-

Nose, sU^ demagTi; <j~o beenee. Nosegay, JS* <u->.s dusteh gul.

nejeeb ; vjj* buzurg. Nobleman,^*-! ameer.

Not, U -na;

&>

neh.

Note, Jj rakkam.

Nobody,
Noise,
sot
;
1

u-^ft" heechkass.

Nothing,
;

-* heech.

Xo sedu
bong.

j\j\

avdz

Oj-e

Notice,

^"M
j,-.!

i'ldn.
fcTiiaZ.

eJolj

Notion, JU.

Noisome, j** muzirr.

Noun,
;

ism.
^Joj^j parvareedan. aZ-aw ; L 7iaZa.

Nominal,

^y furzee

,JW- khialee
'

Nourish,

t\,

None, ^a heech.

Now,

^5)1

VOCABULARY.
Nowhere,
U.
^Js.

Ill

**^>j*

der lieech jd.

Number,

adad.

Obdurate, Jj o^** safefcf diZ Obedience, o-cUl ita'nt.

Obedient, *Ja* muted.
Obeisance, *&*> ta'azeem;
U-i
^

Nurse, jjU ddyeh.

Nut

(hazel or filbert), jJ^i

funduk

sa-

(wall-),

)*f

girdoo

(pistachio),

lam.

x^jpisteh;

(cocoa), J*?-^ narjeel.

Obey,

v.,

^i/'c^W

itaat kardan
irad giriftan.

Nutmeg,

J^lj^- juz-el hind.

\J* ghezd.

Object,

s.,

^yiA* maksood.

Nutriment,

Object, v.,

^f
_.

i\j\
I

Oblige,

v.,

cy~* wamnoon

O.

sdkhtan,
Oblique,
Uo,j\ ureef.

ij\ at.

Oak, ojli baloot.

Oar, j;b

Obliterate, v.,

&ff~>

naskh kardan;

par oo.

&i>f^>,
Oblivion,

puk kardan.

Oath, *~J kassam.

J^y^J fardmooshee.

142
Obscene,
isJIjIs

VOCABTJLAEY.
na-pdk.
tdreek.

Occasion, \z~f fursut

Js* mahal.

Obscure, Observe (to look), a *f s nig ah

^^

Occasional, J>\&\ itifaki.

kardan ;
dashtan.

(to keep),

^^ s& nigdh

Occupant,

yz* mutesarif.

Occupation, Jii shfighil; Jfkar. Occur,

v.,
*xZ>

Obstacle, >uL mane*.

*s\j vdlceh

shudan.

ObstiDate,^-^. khudsar.
Obstruct,
v.,

^^TojuU- memana'at

Ocean,

Occurrence, ir^iiS^i sar-guzasht. L^ ^, bahr moheet.

kardan.
Obstruction, o*iL* memana'at.

Odd

(not even), *? furd; (strange),

i_^e gliareeb. Odour, _^ boo.

Off, or far off, J**j

Obtain,

^Ij ydftan; ^^TJ^U

7iaseZ

ba'eed

^ door.

kardan*
Obviate,

Offence,^~aa-> takseer.

o*f *j

raft kardan.

Offend,

v., ^-XJlsij

Obvious, j&\ dshkdr.

(Offender, ^roiu

ranjdneedan. mukasser.

YOCABULABY.
Offer, v.,

1-13

^fuJd
jjU^j

tahleef kardan.

Omen,^!

dkhter

JU

/aZ.

Office (post),

c_~^ munsub

eery),

; (chandaftar khdneh.

Omnipotence, o,JJ kudrat. On, ji bar; Vl bZ; Jy /o&;

aZa.

^
yek-

Officer, >_

l-o-U sahib munsub.

Offspring, >jj> farzand. Oh ! J\j vai.

Oil, c^JJ

Once,

a9jJo

yek-dafa'a;

h>j*>.

murtaba ; j^i yek-bdr.

Oneself, 3j fe/tud.

roghan.

Oilman, J>3 ^jj j Old (aged) ,^> peer; (ancient),

Oleander, i^s. khar-zahreh. Olfactory, jl-iy booddr.
Olive, ^yaj zaytoon.

roghan feroosh.

Onion,
Only,

jl*j
'

piydz.

pM

tanhd.

lcadeem; (not new), ^fkuh-neh.

Onward, u~-j peesh.

i suleimani. Onyx, (JU-L. dL- sang *>az kardan ; oif^3 ., &/$*. Open, vd kardan.

Omelette,

fkookoo.

Open, j l bz

jb vaz.

144
Openly,
*J&,\

VOCABTTLAEY.
dshkdreh.
Oppression,
^$]j

zulm.
jJJj

Opinion, sJ^ac

akeedeh

raee.

Oppressor,

J'J

zalim.

Opium,

12)

Ia/

tar yak.
hareef.

Or,
fursat;

\>

yd.

Opponent,
vakt.

<-hj*-

Orange, JUj^ portughdl ; (mandarin),

o-sj

Opportunity,

o-^i

,j>j^ ndrengee

(Seville),

J>J^

ndrenj.
v.,

Oppose,
be-roo

sfxz> zid kardan.

position),
^.oj,
;

Orator,
roo-

,jLl3
cli

ndtik.

Opposite
;

(in
J>li-

Orchard,

bdgh.

mukabil

(adverse),

Order (command), tJ-i^J farmdyesh ;

ijSs- aks.

&* hukm
tarteeb
;

(disposition),

^~jy

Opposition, oilli" mukhdlifat.

J*>

nuzm.

Oppress,

v.,

j>

Jk>

zulm kardan;

Order

^^T^jjy

ta'adi kardan.

moodan

Oppressed, *j&>* mazloom.

v., ^y>/ far^ata S*. hukm, dddan ; (arrange), ^ata t-~-V tarteeb dd-

(command),
;

'

VOCABULARY.

115

dan ;

ab

Ji3

nuzm dadan ;

^>

Overhead,^-. ^VU bald-isar.

gAjfmunazam kardan.
Ordinarily,

Overhear (to

tell

tales), v.,

&* a *"
>_*/-.

L^c imoomdn.
sL

Oriental, ,_//- mushraki.

&fsukhan cheen kardan. Overlook (a house), r.,

muslirif boodan.

Origin,

J*>l

Original, ^Jul asli. Ornament, jyj zeever.

Oversee,

v.,

^f'c^iU mubdsherat
v.

kardan.
Overseer,

Orphan,

*~>

yateem.
zdhir.

^U nmbdsher.
bayed.

Ostensible, jt^

Oversight, ^4- sa fi

Ostrich, pj+j> shutur murgh.

Other, J&z deeger

ghair.

y_L sdyer

Ought, Our, U ma.

Jo.Ij

Out, or Outside,
tanoor.
bald.

beroon.
.

Oven 5Jyj
Over,
1?

Outrage,

j^^j

zubberdusti.

Owe,

v.,

,^-ta J>j*

kurz dashtan.

146
Owl,
*y.

TOCABULAEY.
boom;
<ix*

chughd.

Own, ^=* khud. Own, v., o*f jj>\ ihrar kardan ;

Pagan, o-^ e>? bwt jparoM. Page (of a book), js?-* safha
peesh-khidmet.
Pageant,
Pain,
Paint,
l-Ui'

(at-

tendant), c^-J^ J~j (.^c gholam

tamtisha.

^jT^]^]
Owner,
Ox,
Oyster,
t_~=*L>

i'tirafkardan. sahib ; dJL malik.

j^ gdv.
i_iJ-

Paid, J^> Ul ad# shudefi.

sadaf.
j, j cZitrcZ.
s.,

dJ, rangr.

P.
Pace, *J

Paint,

v.,

a &j

v&>j

rang zadan

Ji3j

hadam.
c^~j bustan.
y}\j*.

^f nuksh Icardan.
Pair, ofl?. juft.

Pacify, dJLa* musaliheh.

Pack,

v.,

Palace, s^^

dargah

c^Uc imdrat.

Packing-needle, jja

javal dooz.

Palanquin, a \^j
Palatable,

o>=? takliterawan.

Padlock, J

fcii/i.

^W-* muzzehdur.

VOCABULARY.
Palate,

147
rafeek.
;

^^
t_sT

<-JH-j

sukf-i-dahan.

Paramour, jJ,
Parchment,
Pardon,

Palm

(tree),

Up. kliorma; (of hand),

Parcel, as-j busteh

y\

bukcheh.

oi

kuf-i-dust.

u--^ poost-i-ahoo.
bakhshesh
;

Palsey, &Z*j ra'asheh.

Paltry, iz~~^ pust.

yi-li?

^_j'--.

ma' a/.
Pardon,
cJ -i/'

Pant, v., ^J^-k tapeedan. Pantaloons, j IjLa shalwar. Panther, eLb palang.
Pantry,
<uU.

*\**

ma'af kardan

^jJLic baklisheedan.

Pare,

v., ^J^i.1/

tarasheedan.

io^

sliarbat klidneh.
;

Parent,
Parole,

JJlj

v filed.
kol.

Paper, J*1T kdghaz

(news),

t*\jjjj

Jy

Parrot, ^>> tootee.

Paradise, cJl behesM.

Parallel, ^L-*,

Parrot-like,

jj^lj

^^ tootee

vfiree.

musdvi.

Parsimony, J*

bukhl.

Paralysis,

J&

faleej.

Parsley, l^* ja'aferi.

148
Part, Sj'j hisseh.

VOCABTTLAEY.

pdreh

aj>

tikkeh

rtrfTfc

Passport, s/jJ tezkereh.

Past, x^jfguzashteh.

Particular,,

^ya*? makhsoos
khesoosan ;

u^li.

khass.
Pai'ticularly, U^ai.
leyasfi

Paste, ^-i khameer.

makhsoosan.
Partner,

Pasture (ground), Vj* marta'. Pasture, v., cj^W cherdneedan.

Patch,
iLj

d^ snareek.
(red-legged),
eLS"

vasleh.

Partridge
(royal),

kubk ;
;

Paternal,

^Jo

pedderee.
hoseleh.
doost.

^^ dX

fca&fc

derree

(stone), j^i teehoo. Pass (mountain), uijTgardaneh.

Patience,^ sa&r,- <jL>ja. Patriot, o-j^ ^j vatan

Patron, <jy* murubi. Pattern, <s3^5 nemooneh.

Pass,

.,

^^^guzaslitan.

Passage (river or mountain), ^ju> ma'abar; (in a house), jyl, rah-ro.

Passenger, yl~* musdfer.

Pave,

v.,

^.Tyi^
yj>j>

tsk-i

sangr /arsft.

fcardcm.

Pavement,

d^~.

sang farsh.

VOCABULARY.
Pavilion, ,Xi/ t^kolah ifrengi. Paw, L pa ; *& penjeh.
Pearl,
Jo^ljj-o

lJ

mv.rwareed.

Peasant, ojU, ra'ayat.

Peculiar,

Pawn, Pawn.
Pay,

v.,

^SfjJ'gero guzashtan.
mowajib. add Icardan

^U. khdss.
khurdeh froosh.

See Chess.

Pedigree, J~i nasi.

Pedlar, u-jy '^.J*
;

t-a.lj-<>

Pay,

v.,

zf\i>\

^U Ul

Peel,

o-^ poost.
j^-o

add dadan. Pea (green), ^j* ty nakhood frengi ; (chick), ^syd nakhodcheh.
Peace,

Peg,

meekh.

Pen, Js kalam.
Pencil,
^IJld

Xo sulhh.
i^-jU taoos.

Js

kalam med ad

&\

medad.
Penetration,

Peacock,

^y^

teezhooshi.

Peach,

jl^*.

hooloo.

Penitence, o-1jj nedamat.

Peak,
Pear,

ts kelleh.

Penknife,

^^W gulabi.

\J^J^ kalamtrdsh. Penman, y-jy Jij> klwsh nevees.

150
u)

VOCABULAKY.
asJjj

Pension,

vazeefeh

^j+z~* mus-

tamurree.
Pensioner, jy iLkj vazeefeh khor.
Pensive, Jdsu mutafdkvr.

Perfume, dan.

v.,

a sfjvu mu' attar Icav

Perhaps, Juli shayed.

Peril, Jai. khattar.

Penury, _ Ua.1

ihtiaj.

Permanent, Jta day em.

Permission,
Perquisite,
sjL>l
Ji.lj*>

People, jU. khalk

People,
v., ysj>

M abdd

Jjis* maklilook.

ijdzeh

^il izn.

Tcardan.

muddkhil.

Pepper, JaU
Perceive,
v.,

filfil.

Persia, ^1^1 ir^im.

^JA o^l multafat shu^Lls kati'.

Person,

^^r shukhss.

dan.

Personally, Lwr- shukhssan.

Peremptory,
Perfect, *Uj'

Perspicuity, Jajj^ teeznazar.

tamdm.

Perspiration,

j^

'ara&.
"

Perfidy, o3L. khiyanat.

Persuade,

.,

^if ^j

ra z ^ kardan.

Perfume, ^k*

'at**.

Pestilence,

^Ik

tdoon.

VOCABULAEY.
Pestle, ^j^* *^>* dasteh havan.

151
;

Pigeon, /$i" kabootar

Tcaftar) .

(vulg.

>af

Petition,

a^p

'o/reezeh.

Pheasant, Jjl5/ karkaool.

Pike,

sj-j

nayzeh.

Phlegm,
Phrase,
Pick,
.,

Jij balgha-m.

Piles (disease),

^-V
;

boraseer.
(to Mecca), ^L*

J^>\

istilahh;

<z>jlz

ibarat.

Pilgrim, jljj

zowdr

^^ cheedan.
feTieZil.

Pick (tooth), J^U.

Pilgrimage, o/jj ziarat.

Pill, -- 7iub.

Pickaxe, xXlcoland.
Pickle,

Pillage, o,lc ghdrai.

J^J

turslii.
;

Picture, a5 naksheh
Piebald,
Piece,
jll aftkfc.

&jy> soorat.

Pillar,

j=~>

setoo?i.

Pillow,
tikkeh.

u mutaka.
>

JjIj

pdreh

&

Pin, d j^- soozan.

Piety,

is*>li diyanat. Pig, d^i. khook.

Pincers, ^1 anbur.

Pinch,

^fj^>

nishkun

giriftan.

152
Pious, t^>JJu muTcudas.
Pipp Jt^ chebuoh. Pi q u a n t, j b ^o muz z e hdar ;

VOCABULARY.
Pity,
Place,
i
j-c

*&;

ration.

U-

J&* makan.
ta'oon.

&a

Plague,
Plain,

^U>
\j

muzzeli.
Pistachio,
Pistol,
<i^~j

s.,

sahra.

pisteli.

Plain, adj.,j\)+to
(ugly),
Plaintiff,

hamvdr ;

^_i

sa/;

as: Li'

tabanclieh.
;

oij

zisht.

Pitch, eJj zift

Jt? keer.
v.,

^J^

mudaee.
chenar.
;

Pitch (with pitch),

^J^U

Plan,

d-laJ

naksheh.

maleedan ; ^JJ'-* j keer maZeedan ; (a tent), &j ji>\. chadur

zadan.
Pitcher, tj^koozeli.
Pitiless, *3"j<3 bee rah' m.

Plane
Plank,
Plaut,

(tree), jU^.
ais:
sz>

takliteli

_jJ

Zo/Ji

biitteh.

Plaster,

Plate.

Sgach. oU^j boshkab.

Pith, ji*

mughz.

Platform, ~> sakoo.

VOCABULARY.
Play,
s.,

153

^jl bazi.

Pocket-book,
bazi kardan.
;

a*:

Li" ketabcheh

i^jlj Play, v., Pleasant, ui^- khosh

^f

baghali.

(of a place),

Poern,^i> shiHr.
Poet,^cli sliair.

U- o

ba sefd

khoram.

Pleiades,

^j.

parveen.

Point

(dot),

JaftJ

nukteh

;
;

(of

Plenipoteuce, J^&~>1 istikldl.

Plentiful,
1

speech, etc.),

<uCi

nukteh

(of a

\j\ji

ferdvdn.

sword,
Poison,

etc.) >>r- sar.

Plough, psr Pluck (flowers),

shukhm.
v.,

y*j za7i'r.
c_Ja

a J#* cheedan; (a bird), '^.^Sc^l abreet kardan.

j)l

Pole (geographical),
a tent),
d,.> derefc.

feuft; (of

Plum,

aloo.

Plunder, c^lc ghdrat.

Plural, ***. jame'.
<-~a. jeeb.

Polite,

Policeman, ^-J^ poleess. ^^U mo'adab.

Pollute, yzj'v-? no/as kardan.

Pocket,

Pomegranatejlil andr.

154

VOCABULABY.
Portico, ^kjl di/van.

Pomp, o^ia- hishmet.

Pond,
ij>y*

hoz;

^^
-

istakhr (vulg.

Portion,

a^a.

Msseh.

J^J

istalkh).
v.,

Position, Js*

mahal.
yakeen.

Ponder,

^J*^*

sanjeedan.

Positive,

^jftju

Ponderous, c^-j sangeen.

Poniard,
&*s

kameh.
;

Positively,

Uj*j

yakeenan

Lk*

7iu/c-

Poor, jjis fakeer

tj\$i

bee chdreh.
Possess,
^jiita
v.,

Poppy, ^IsA* khashkhdsh. Populace, -It '#m.

Porcelain, ^j^ cheenee.

^jiita

dashtan

i^m

tassaruf dashtan.
Ml

Possession,
Possible,

i-J^ai'

tassaruf.

Porcupine, i*.y joojeh teghee. Port,jJ^ bunder.

Porter,
^'u,^

^Co mumkin.
K*\

Possibly, JoU. shayad.

Possibility,

durban

^yj*

ka-

imkdn.
poos; (situation),

poochi.

Post

(letter), ii.->^j

VOCABTJLABY.

155

mansab
meel.
Posterior,

(timber, etc.), J*

Poverty, ^J\S^geddee.

Powder (gun- ), ^^bdroot t-^

'akab.
cine), ujy-. sefoof.

(medi-

Posterity, ^j\ owldd.

Power,
reis postazoor.

oy

koovat; ty,Ji kudrat;

jj)

Postmaster, diU?~4

^j

khdneh.
Post-office, ail* ix-i

Practice,

j- mashk.
ta'areef.

Postpone, kardan.
Pot,
eHjj

v.,

posta khdneh.

Praise,

Uoju

>-*yy

mowkoof

Prank, i^> sheeveh. Prawn, ~ maygoo.

Prayer,

U^
v.,

deeg

ijykoozeh.
seeb-i-zameeni.

Potash,

cjU^-9 Italy db.

Preach,

dud ; jLi nemdz. ^f^-3 va'az kardan.

vd'iz.
Mi

Potato, kS^J

Preacher,

Mj

Potter, J^tjfkoozeliger.

Precedent, a*jJu
Precious,

mukadameh.
j--S

Pour,

v.,

,.jxaj

reekhtan.

^f gerdn-,

kaimati.

156
Precipice, sV&jjptirtgah.

VOCABULAKY.
Presence, ^.a*. hezoor
;

yj vejood.

Preface, *>.Ljj deebdcheh

s+J&c

mu-

Present (not absent),

^U.

hdzir ;

kadameh.
Prefer,
v.,

a\

*^h

tarjeelih

(from inferior to superior), i_i,l*y ta'druf; J^J-ti 2) &eshkesh ; (superior to inferior), old! iltifdt
(of money),
..Ui!
;

dddan.
Preference, >=./ tarjeelih.

ana' dm; (present

(at present),
Jiio

Preferment, JiJ turukki.

tense), -vJU hdlieh;

5)U.

Pregnant,

yji-ol

dbestan.

fraZa

,-

(for

the present),

Premium, ^tab pdddsh.

Preparation,
tehieh.
e^lJo

teddruk

i-^

Preserve (jam),
t

s.,

l^*

murabbd.

Prepare,

v.,

^>t>

d,ljJ tedaruk dee-

Preserve, v., ^\^ siJnegah ddshtan. Press (squeeze), v., *j2J feshurdan ;

daw; ytj

a.J tehieh

kardan ;

^U

Q&jTlidzer kardan.

iaua dwardan. Presume (imagine), v.,

^^jl
djj'

JU-^

YOCABULABY.
khidl kardan
;

157

(be presumptuous),

Pride, jj;/; ghroor.

^ijT&j^
Pretence,

a.

j essdr at kardan.

Prince,

.oljsli.

shdhzddeh.

Presumption,
jjI#

^^? jessdrat.
bahdneh.
sJs-\3

Princelike, ajUli

shdhdneh.

Princess, JU.

*^ljlii

shdhzddeh

hh.a-

Preternatural,
Tcaadeh.

ui^-i. khaldf-i-

num.
Principal (sum),
J-.1

oslj

(chief),

Prevail, v.,

^J^

c-J^ ghdlib

shit-

^-J, reHss.
Print, .,

dan.
Prevent, v., c^i^ j\>. bdz dashtan ^j^, iU mdn'e shudan.
Previous, j~~j peeshter.
;

^^TujU c/wp
chdpzan.
;

kardan.

Printer,

^j^V

Prison, ^r^- hubss

gUij zenddn.

Prisoner, u-^** mahbooss.

Prey, J** sayd

Price, o*s5

J&, shekdr.

Privacy, e^U. khalvat.

Private, ul> khdss;
sooss.

kaymat.

u>y*& makh-

Priceless, o-o-S ,j bee Tcaymat.

158
Privately,

TOCABTJLABY.

J&

mukhfee;

J\h

j*

^j&U
Project,
Project,

jb bdz

dashtan; &&\*
irddeh.
**\j\

1j

va

dur penhdnee.
Prize, v.,

ddshtan.
'azeez dashtan.
s., s*]j\

^\z jij*
[

Probable,

J^> mumkin. Probability, J&\ imkdn.

Procession,
tz~>z

v.,

*f

irddeh kar-

dan.
Promise, J*j va'adeh;
^

dusteh.

Procrastinate,

v.,

&&J'\sf 3)ijA

"

Promise,

v.,

Jy kol. *h f^j va'adeh daa

rooz o fardd kardan.

dan;

dddan. &&\& JjS kol

Produce,

&* \ j> bar awardan; j3 zaher kardan. ^J^jtt^i Profit, nafe ; s&M fdyedeh.
v.,

Promote, v., a *\*

Promotion,
J>J>
v.,

JJ

turukki dddan.

turukki.

Profitable, sJu> mofeed.

Promulgate, dddan.

a *\* ^j^ shuhrat

fcaS

Profound, j*** 'ameek.

Prohibit, v.,

Pronunciation,
'

talafuz.

oif^* man

kardan;

Proof, J^-i daleel.

VOCABTTLABY.
Proper, l^*-^ drust ndsib.
;

159
Titfmi.
;

L-.U-*

mu-

Protector, ^.U.

Proud, j^* maghroor

kabir.

jSL> muta-

Property,

JU

mal.

Prophet, jr**~> payghambar.

Proposal,
iflJ>'

Prove,

v.,

^^p l^o^ sdbit kardan.

takleef.

Propose,^.,
Proprietor,

.i>j k-ftJ^i'

takleef kardan.

Provender, jJ* 'aleek. Proverb, Ji* masal.

Provided, XjL> beshart-i-kch. Province, oe^j veld yet.

c_-a.U

sahib

eUU

malik.

f^\t> shdyestigee. Prospect, Ja^c munzur.

Propriety,
{

Providence, ysfa^j)/* vorcardi-gari. Provision, tjtj zakhireh.

Proviso,
\>jZ*

Prosperity, Jtsl ikbdl.

shart.

Prosperous, JU1
Protect,
v.,

I?

ba ikbdl.

Provocation, ekys tahreek.

^jfo-iU*. hemdyet kar-

dan.

Provoke, v., y^-Cll angeekhtan; vkj tahreek kardan.

^f

160
Provoker,
geez.
is),**

VOCABULARY.

muhank ;
haseerat

jt

an-

Punishment,
sidssat.

a~jj

tanbeeh;

Prudence,

c^u

^jLi*

Pupil, ^Sj^=>\z, shagird.

hoshydri.

Purchase, Purchase,

s., Jo^i.

Jchareed.

Prudent, j Ll* Iwshyar ; Jslc '#HL Public (the), s. ^m.

pie

v.,

^J^p- Ichareedam.
Ichareed.ar
;

Purchaser,

j\ Jo^i.

^jj^**

Puff out,
Pull, v.,

v.,

^/ly

foot hardan.

mushtari.
Pure,

s^lcasheedan.

tiU

*/;

j^L sddeh.
sdf hardan.

Pulley, ^a. cha/rkh. Pulpit, ^~u muriba/r.

Purgative, Jf-~ mus-liil.

Purify,
v., (jjj/'iJ'wi

Pulse,

nabz.
j>>S"

Purple (crimson),

,j\^-j\

drghawdni;

Pumpkin,
Pun,
-lajl

Tcadoo.

(blue), *ii^ benefshehi.

iliam.

Purport, i_Jlu matlab.

Puuisb,

.,

^^S^a-^" tanbeeh hardan.

Purpose,

ji_^aio

mahsood.

TOCABULAET.
Purse, i^S"keese% ; ^jS"keef.

101
J/JLjl-a-*.

Quadruple,
bil.

chehdr muka-

Pursue,

v.,

^y^is.

'aliab

kardan.

Push,
Put,

v.,
{

$4$j ui-j peesh randan.

Quail, c^yjJ^ bildercheen.

v.,

^\J^ guzdshtan
v.,

^U

ne-

Quality, jIjju mikddr.

hadan.
Putrefy,

Quantity,

^1

Jiu

mikddr.

g&xS'gandeedan.
yj^T
J\ri^-

Quarrel, *U*

Putrid, t&jJUTgandeedeh.
Puzzle,
v.,

Quarter,
yeky or

murafe'eh; ^jy-tda'wa. rub'e ; i^ ; U*- chehdrchdrek.

hay ran kar-

d,U

dan.
.

Queen,

a^L>

malakeh.

Q
(court),

Quell,

v.,

,$ \s^*\~> sdkit kardan.

Quadrangle
(square),

oU

hay at

Quench (fire), ^.^Tji^U. kharno kardan; (thirst), ^sf ^Xi3

ra/'e tishnagi kardan.

.9,

/ijj*

muraba.

Quadruped, t,W*- chdrpd.

Question, Jj- soo-al.

162
Quick (speedy),
^a.
ha'i
;

VOCABULARY.
J^J

tund

(living),

JJj

zendeh.
;

Rabbit, <Jfj khargoosh. Rabble, -u&a hengdmeh.

Quicksilver, jh-ij zaybak veh-

ty-^a.

je e-

Raddish,

aa-y

torubcheh.

Quiet, J,1 dram.

Quilt, tU lahdf.

Radiance, Ji^jj roshndee.

Rafter, ^j teer.

Rag,

a^j

peeneh.

Qaince,
Quit,
v.,

jj

beh.

^^J>[tarlc Cardan.
IN

Railing, j^* ma'jur.

Railway, ^\i\, rdh-i-dhen

Quite, *J^=Jl? bil-kulli-eh.

Raiment, y-U
Rain,

lebas.
;

Quotation, Ji

mtH.
nuTcl kardan.

^l

bar an

J^j^ barish.

Quote,

v.,

zf^& R

Rain,

^J^
v.,

bdreedan.

Rainbow, ^jS^y kos-i-kazahh.

Raisp,

^Ijjj bar ddshtan.

Rabbi, *U..

khdkhdm.

Rake, ySTeJla. khak-kesh.

TOCABULAET.

1G3

Ram, Ji
l

irc

meesh.
sayr kardan.

Ramble,

^J^.
a~-

Ramrod,

sunbeh.

Rash, ll>1 j> bee ihtidt. Ravage, v., &*f^3 tardj kardan..

Raven,

t\)

zdgh.
tali ndpookhteh.

Rancid, *** tukhmaee.

Raw,

J.U.

kham;

Rancourous, i^'keenehee.

Ray> jilrf porta

Razor, (j*^ AJ tee^i daldki.

Random, ,J^\

itifdki.

Rank, ^li sha'an.

Ransack, ^^/"c^lc ghdrat kardan.

Reach, dan.

v.,

^ajL,

o j

dust resdnee*

Ransom,

a> ji fadiyeh. Rapid, jJ teez ; Jo tund.

Reach,

s.,

u-j Lr~> dust rus.

Rapier,

s^IjJ

kaddreh.

Read, p.p., sJily. khdndeh. Read, v., ^Ail^i. khdndan.

Readily, J^Ij bdmayl.

Rare,

t->'o

Skam yah.
hardm zadeh. u5^1j \^ hardm zddehgee.

Rascal.

t&\j p\j*.

Ready, ^L.
Ready-cash,

lulzer.
JJii

Rascality,

nukd.

164
Real, J'
Really,
hdkeeki.

VOCABULAET.
Recall,
v.,

^A~& j^

baz talabeedan.
{:}

hakeekatan.
^=Jl*-o

Recede,

v.. <j>j>.

bargasMan;

^Sj^

Realm,
Heap,
v.,-

mamlakat.
kardan.

bdzgashtan.
Receipt, J*-, raseed
Receive,
;

o^Jj^ ^ er0
up),
v.,

^>
;

kubz.

Rear (bring

a <kj%i parvaree^L~il
Ijj^j

^J>
sjl;

giriftan

^^Tj^J

ka-

dan;

(as a horse),

bool kardan.

bardopd istddan.

Recent,
akl
;

tdzeh.

Eeason (mind), JJa daleel.

Jae

(proof),

Recite,

v.,

^^fjai nakl kardan.

hissdb kar-

Reckon,
dan.

v., ^-^.T'cjl-^a.

Rebel, J^_ yaghi.

Rebel,
v., jjJw.

.^V yaghi shudan.

Recognise,
Recollect,

v., c^i.Li v.,

shendkhtan.

Rebound,
Rebuke,
kardan.

v., c v.,

^Tjb

gashtan. sarzanesh *JJjj~>

fraz

^a\>_ ydd kardan.

v.,

Recommend,

^sf uV*-

sefd-

resh kardan.

YOCABTTLAEY.

16;

Recommendation, ^la- sefdreshi. Recompence, <J>\*L pdddsh ; sy*

Refer,

v., c *j~ *+\j rdji' kardan; ^ijj\j^y\^ vaguzdr kardan. v.,

muzd ; olslC
Reconcile,
v.,

mukdfdt.
zJ^\

Reflect (think),

^j^x-^ son

^^b

dshti dddan.

dan.
Refrain, ^^JLT'o j dust kasheedan.

Record,

v.,

i>f^^4 suit kardan.

v.,

Recover (get back), ydftan; (health),

ydftan.

^IjjIj bdz
lii

Refuge, b pendh.

^l
;
(

shefd

Refuge (to take), awardan.

Refuse,
v.,

v.,

a ^\

*tj

pendh

Rectitude, jJu sidh

jJ\J

rdstee.

Red

^J^

Jj-

kabool nekar-

ty
Reed,

(crimson), j*J kirmiz; (scarlet), surkh.

v.,

dan.
Refute,

Reduce,

f S^kam

kardan.

Regard

^ nay.

^J'^j rud kardan. v., j&\* j>je- 'azeei ddshtan; (look at), jfi& ne<jdh
v.,

(esteem),

Reel, i3*b kaldfeh-nakh.

kardan.

166

VOCABTTLAEY.
Regulate, v.,
C )'ib

iMiram. Regard (esteem), fir^

Regent,
*li* -i^

*~etanzeem dadan

kd'im

makdm;

^^V

Regulation, sJ^V kd'adeh; noon.

^y^

kd-

ja-nesheen.

Regiment,
Region,

~y foj.
de-

Reign,
Reign, dan.
Rein,

s.,

oJJL- sultanat.

^V naivdliee.
.

v.,

^.a^o^aLi sultanat
o-> dust-i-jelo.

/car-

'Register, s.,>o daftar (pL>la

bater)

jl.

Register,

v.,

&*f*z4

subt kardan.

Relate,

v.,

c-iT J 55 ^ w7cl kardan;

Regret, u->~^ afsooss.

Regret,
ian.
v.,

^sib

ds7i^-j-il a/sooss

kisseh guftan. ^jdfsj* Release, v., ^^T^jl dzdd kardan.

Religion,

&a

deen

l-*J*

muzhab.

Regular,

*J*te ^

6 kd'adeh.
a-

Relish,

tj*

muzzeh.
atefcl

mo' dfik-i-ka' Regularly, sO^U jsl^

deli.

Rely,

v.,

jj^-U
v.,

itakad dashtan.

Remain,

JoL

mandan.

VOCABTTLAEY.

167
ta'ameer

Remainder, ^st bdki. Remarkable, t-^ 'ajab.

Repair (mend), ^a^S" Cardan.

Repairs,

Remedy, ^s. ilaj ; ,L. chdreh. at ydd ddshtan. Remember, Remembrance, .si ydd; (souvenir),

^b

oj^w
v.,
.,

ta'ameerat.
6a e
A:arf7<>>i.
;

Repeal,

^^Tjtt

Repeat,

^pTjl i 3 guftan

j\jZj

^tat yddgar,

v^ftikrar kardan.
;

Remind,
ij-tf

at y#d mvardan u^'^' - ydddveri kardan.

v.,

^jl

Repeatedly, ^^C mukarar.

Remissness,

cJisc.

ghiflat.

Repent, v., shudan.

j^

^I^JLj

peshimdn

Renew,
dan.

v.,

^^Tjoj^J' tajdeed karv.,

Repentance, J>^+Ai peshimdni.

Repetition, jl^Gi tikrdr.

Renounce,

fJCA inkar kardan.

dU.
c/iafc ;

Replete, ^U-

mamlu.

Rent
S,
-s.

(fissure),

(bire),

Reply, ^l^a- jawab.

ijdreh; a^kerdyeh.

Report, j* khabar ; cj^i. shuhret.

168
Repose, v., kardan.

VOCABULARY.

^f e^o.1^.1

isterahat

Request, v., kardan.

Request,
Require,
s.,

*f u8*!?*

kha'hesh

Repose, s.,o^l/-l isterahat; ^Jiiy~>\

dsoodegee.

(ji*^ kha'hesh.

v.,

^\j

khdstan.

Represent (expose), hdr kardan.

Reprieve,

v.,

sfj\&>\

iz-

Requisite, &*p Idzemeh.

Rescue,

oU*

mulilat.

Reproach, d 5j &&> ta'aneh zadan. Reprove, v., sf J^)j~> sarzanish

kardan.
Reptile,
;

nejdt dddan. shebdhat. Resemblance, oaI~>

oU nejdt. Rescue, v., ^b oUs

Resemble, ^j^-ib o-ab-S. ddshtan.

Reside, v.,

shebdhat

jjU.

janiver.
)j>\

^^b
^^b

U- suknti ddshtan.

Reputation, mooss.

abroo

i^-mIj

nd-

Residence, <J^~*

musken.
U~~*l isteefd
;

Resign,

v.,

dddan.

Reputable,^** md'taber.

Resin, *j1

angum

y>~>

sakkaz.

YOCABTTLABY.
Resist,
v.,

169

&*/

jTs^li-jl

istadigee

Retail,
shee.

J^jj
v.,
{

*i>j*

khoordeh feroo-

Tcardan.

Resolve,

v.,

&&/],[? kerdr giriftan.

Retain,

^\<i j& negdh dashtan.

\z**\p murdja'at.
v.,

Resolution, J\J kerdr.

Retribution, oljW* mujazdt.

Respect,

s.,

f\f=-\
cJ

iMirdm.
*jzsfi

Return,

s.,

Respect, v., ddnestan.

x-Jb

muhtarem

Return (come back),

^^

'

j>

bar

Respectable,^*- mo'taber. isterd\j~*> Rest, s., o*]; rdhat ;

1

gashtan; ^J~ o*?^ kardan; (give back), & &U dddan.

Reveal,

murdja'at

^ pus

hat.

^f\J&\ dshkdreh
*taal

kardan.

Rest, v, o=l; rdhat Tcardan. Rest (support), aS3 tekieh.

^j

Revenge,

intikdm.

Revenue,
Review,
Review,

oUU
^L

mdlydt.
sdn.

Result, istP nateejeh.

s.,

Resurrection,

o<U

kiydmat.

v.,

^jo

^L* sdn deedan.

170
Revolution, ^J,^ gardish.

YOCABTTLAKY.
Rich, cJ>5
Riddle,
Uu>
,

L_-a.U.

sdhib doiclet.

Revolve,

v.,

^Jj^S" gardeedan.
as'Lk

muammd.
sawar shudan.

Revolver, aJy,^^ sheshlooleh' ee.

tapdncheh
c>*.j ja.

Ride, r

^J-i.^!^-.

Rider, j'^-i sawdr.

;

Reward,

.,

^.sb pdddsh
;

Ridge, x^ljp-ushteli.
Ridicule,
j^sr**

hak-i-zahmat

-Uil

ana' dm.

muskhareh.
Li~-^ rdst
;

Reward,

v.,

\i -Uil

ana? dm dddan.
Jiy mJ

Right (not
jp. liaklc.

left),

(due),

Rhubarb (medecine),

rawand ;

Rhyme,

(fruit), w\y.j rivas. aJls kdfieh.

Righteous, jiJ- sadeek ddkat.

^j\xi

si-

Rib, JJ^ dendeh. Ribbon, j ly navdr.

Rice,
J^j
;

Righteousness, jSu> sidk.

Rigid,
(plain boiled) ^U.
_jb

oL.

stf

o^;

sakht.

berinj

Eing, L. halkeh

(of finger), _/^Jol

chelo

(with sauce, &c),

pilo.

YOCABULAEY.
Ring,
Kiot,
v.,

171
;

^j^i^ebj zang kasheedan.

i-dj Z

Riuglet,

W-

Robber, &)& duzd rdhzan.

(highway), tfAj

Ifcjfe

ghogha.
raseedeh.

Robbery,
Robe,
;

^j^
kebd.

diizdee.

Ripe,
Rise,

jJu-jj

Us

v., e^-.U.^j

bar khdstan

^J^V

Robust, J^lS tanomund.

pa shudan.
Risk,^lai- khatar.

Rock, jS'kamar.

Rocket,^
Rogue,
Roll

sli.

shdh-teer.
j./>

Rival,
River,

*-sjj.

hareef.
;

^j\

abash;

shareer.

^
i\j

rood

jjU.^ roodkhaneh.

Roguery, c^fi
(list),

sherarat.
fihrist; (of linen,

Rivulet, ^3

Tia^ir.
;

o->
looleh.

Road,
Roar,
Roast,

rah

*^V jddeh.

&c),

v.,
v.,

Rob,

v.,

^^

na'areh zadan. .>j */a ^^\fkabab kardan.

diczdeedan.

Roll (on the ground), teedan ; (make a),

safc/i&m.

r.,

^V*
Jj!

ghalfooZeh

^U

172
Rolling-pin,
aj.s,j

VOCABULARY.
vardeneh
*1j
;

<v^&.

choobeh.

Rotation, ^sj'gardesh. Rough, jjj zibr ; c^i,^ drusht.

Roof,

t-ii-

sak'f ;

bam.

Roughly,

(j^j-i

I?

bd drushtee.
j3 x

Rook,

i.'Xf'keldgh.

Room,
Root
Rope,

jUjl otafe.
;

Round, ^S ^ird ; artillery), eUi

ul

modavar

(of

sheleeJc.
Wi. A'Tiai.
*j jj/o

(of a plant), ii^j reesheh

;

(of

a matter), Jol dsl

^ beekh.

Row Row

(line), _-

sw/;

^Uij

reesmdn.

(in a boat), v.,

paroo

Rosary, ^t-^J tasbeehh.

Rose (ordinary),
(grafted),

Royal, djLli slidhdneh.

~j~>

jTgul-i-surkli;

Rub,

v.,

^j^Jj-j-j

payvandi

^JJU

maZeecZan..

(monthly),

j^j jT gul-i-rashti.

Rubbing, Rubbish,

^U rndlish.
Jli^l dshJchdl.
Za'Z.

Rose-water, iS^giildb.
Rot,
v.,
r yJ~~>y poosedan.

Ruby, JJ

Rug,

*s?l

kdlicheh.

VOCABTJLAEY.

173
shdtir.

Ruin

(building),

*>[.

khardbeh

Runner (footman), JoiL

Rust, ebj zan^.

(destruction),

^j1>

khardbi.
;

Ruined, ^Jw.

i-jl^i.

khardb shudan

^ijsf makhroob. Rule (canon),^l dmr; (government),

S
Sable (fur),

mV"-

sanjab.

o-j^. hekoomat.
Rule
(lines), .,
;

Sabre, j*Z-C> shamsheer.

k.
fc7ia
fca-

^J^T

Sack,
Sack,

s.,
i'.,

J^ jawdl.
^T ^U
j
L^i.lj

sheedan

(govern),

jf

\z~*>f*>

tefcM o

hekoomat kardan.
Ruler (for
jX^- musdar *^=>^ hakim. (governor),
lines),
;

tdrdj kardan.

Sacred, ^-JiSacrifice,
s.,

mukuddus.
o'if ok/ kurbdn kar-

^l?/ kurbdn.

Rumour, c^i. shuhrat. Run, v., ^Jjj.5 daveedan

Sacrifice, v.,
;

..^^

dan.
Sad,

eU-

diltang

174
Saddle,
Safe,

YOCABULABY.
&) zeen ; ^\ amn.
Ij

(pack), .^\j pdldn.

Saliva, i-Jj w/.

Sallow, vkjtjj zardrang.

Salt, dUi

Safely, ^-^L.

bd saldmat.

nemek.

Safety,
Saffron,

i}L,

saldmati.

Salt-cellar,

a \i eU5 nemek-dan.
;

^J&j za'aferdn.

Salty, jy shoor.

Sage
Sail,

(wise), Jsls- 'dkil.

Saltpetre,

yi shooreh.

Said (aforesaid ),jj^J^ mazkoGr.

Salubrious,

JL
jiL.

sdlim.

^W^
,j^j

bddbdn.
bahri.
;

Salver, acj** majma'eh.

Sailor,

Salutation,

salarn.

Saint,

peer a^lj^Ll Sake J>fkU. Jchdter.

Sal-ammoniac,
Sale, a-j
j

imdmzddeh.

Salute, v., a &\a |^L,

saldm dddan.

Same,

j~+a,

hameen.
nemooneh.
ijdzeh.

^U.J

neshddur.

Sample,

*i^*i

Salary, t-^.^ mawdjib.

Sanction,

*jl.l

bay

j-^

feroosh.

Sand,

<j-U

mdseh.

VOCABULABY.
Sandal, j,U. eharuk.

175
(frugal*, jljJl ^^j
;

Saving

pus dnddz.
muzzeh.

Sandal- wood, J*u- sandal.

Savour, oJJ lizzet

tj+

Sanguinary, ^yy khoonkhdr.

Sap,
ij>>

Saw,
Say,

sj\

arreh.

sheereh.

v.,

^giiftan.
"$ gheldf.

-Sapphire, J^ajslj yakoot kabood.

Saying, j\xfgvft dr.

Sarcasm,

sh

ta'aneh.

Scabbard,

Satin, u-itl atlas.

Scafiblding,
Scale,

^xj

v>*- choob nabdi.

Sash, AzijS kamarband.

a \jt^ meezdn.
S" kam
;

Satan,

^^A

shaitan.
'

Scar, eta ddgh.

Scarce,

Satisfaction, oil*} rezdyet. r5a1 kardan. Satisfy, v.,

JJs kaleel

^f

o^^j

kam-ydb.
Scarcity,

Saturate,

v.,

o&J }t?

klieess

kardan.

JaJ

kahtee.

Saucer, ^XJuo

nd'albeki.
olsi wej

Scare,

v.,

Juil~>/

tarsdneedan.

Save,

v.,

^ta

dddan.

Scarlet, ~j~> surkh.

176
Scatter, v., ^J^Ij

VOCABTTBABY.

pdskeedan

^J&

Scorch,

v.,

^3-.

sookhtan.

v^fpakhsh kardan.
Scent,
y,
v.,

Scorpion,

i-ys-

akrab.

boo.

Scoundrel,

**\j*\j*

hardmtddeh.

Scent,

o^fy. boo kardan.

Scout, (j-^-U. jdsoos.

Scholar (pupil), *j=\2> sliagird ; (divinity), <h-LL talabeh ; (learned

Scrape,

v.,

^j-il^. khardsTieedan.

Scratch,

v., see scrape. v.,

man), J* l-^U sahib VVni.

School,
ju-^j^o
;
;

Scream,
t_~iC

^j

j**.

jeek zadan.

madrasseh
t_-^

Screen, a>y pardeh. r

malctub

(fellow),

hvmi

Screw, g} peech.
Scribe,

maktub
Science,

(master), J** mo'allem.

^Kkdtib.

Jic

ilm.

Scruple, a^. shubheh; ek. shak.

;

Scissors, i>)/*

mikrdz

^si? kaychi.

Sculpture, ^Isi nakdahi.

Scold,

v.,

i^f J*)j~>

sarzanish kar>

Scum,
Sea,

(-aTfea/.

dan.

\)j&

daryd.

VOCABULARY.
Seal, j4

177

rrmh'r

(animal), 1 ; a

eU

sag-i-daryd.

Secure, ky* mahfooz. Scarcity, l=^>^-i seldmat.

Sedition,
See, v.,

^J'jt* muh'r kardan. Seam, c*jJ dookht; jji dwrz.

Seal, v.,

^Li fasdd
tukhm.

*u fitneh.

b)*><s

deedan.

Search,

v., ^a~a.

justan

just ojoo kardan;

^\s*^
;

if j*~*tafa-

Seed, Seek,

j*s?

^~. justan.
;

hus kardan.
Season,
Seat,
cJ

^j* mowsam;
A,Jl>

J-as/us'Z.

Seem, v., ,j>>*5 na?noodan zaTwr shudan.

Seize,

Jui^'.ii

iti ^U. jdee neshestan.

sdni-eh
;

^pfgirijtan.
JJ
b'^,

Second (time),
tion),
js_s

(posi-

Seldom,

nudratan; jiSkamtar.
intikhdb kar-

duyum

^Jl?

sirct.

Select, v.,

f <-i\&\

Secret, jl,
Sect,
aAjU

r<z.

dan.
Select, p,p.,
Self, *ji.

tdyefeh.
kuta'e'h.

ir^* muntakhib.

Section,

-adal

khud.

178
Selfish, ir~->.> uji.

YOCABTTLABY.

khud

doost.

Separate,

J**,

judd.
1^*- !**.

Sell, v., &&-JJ* ferooJchtan.

Separately,

o***^ eldhedeh;

Send,

v.,

^\^ji feristddan.

judd-judd.
Separation, ^J\J*- judd-ee.

Senior, peer ; jSkebeer. Senna (drug), U- senna.

Vi

Sepulchre,

fifgoor.

Sense (feeling),
Jiit

y-a. hiss; (intellect) f

Sequel, &J&A dkherat.

'akl.
life),

Senseless (wanting

J^^.

bee-

Sequester, ^$f\>~i> zubt liar dan. dah bdshi. Sergeant,

^l?

hoosh; (without meaning), ,y**?

bee-ma'anee.
Sent,
s3\z~>j9

Serious (affair), *$*

mohim;

(person),

feristddeh.

j^L. sangeen. Serpent, j U mar.

See
Serpentine, -,L mdrpeech.

Sentence (phrase), \z>\* ibdret.

Judgment.
Sentinel,

Servant,

j&* noker

p^U.

Mid-

^U-b pdssbdn.

dim.

VOCABULAEY.
Serve,
v.,

179
v.,
*jit

^sf^fy

nokeri kardan

Shake,

c a\i ^Kj takdn dddan.

^^"oowXi. khidmat Jcardan.

Service, \jj>y

Shame,

shurm

L> hyd.

nokeri; o-J^- khid^jI^J ne-

Shameless, *jL
See 7iya.

bee

shurm ;

(_j

met.
Set, v.,

^loT guzashtan

Shank,
Shape,

jL
J-i.

safe.

hddan.
Settle, v.,

^jTjjZ* mukarar kardan;

Share,

v.,

o- hey at. jiz~+~a kismat kardan.

shikl
;

(jail J^j}j5

kerdr guzashtan.

Sharp, jJ
Shatter,

teez.

Several,

jo*,

chund

^.J^- chun-

v. }

$jT Sj^i. khoord

kardan

deen.
Severe, ^.j-* sakht
;

Jo

j*i

shedeed.

Sew, y^iji dookhtan.

Shabby, ^*H. hakeer.
Shade,
4jL

Shave, v., Shawl, Jli shdl. Shed, v., ij&j reekhtan.

Sheet, J-*^
Shelf,

^J-i]/ terdsheedan.

shamad ;

ii\ moldfeh.

say eh.

*J Ik tdkcheh.

180
Shell
Sj\j

VOCABULARY.
(fish),
*.

i_J^

sadaf;

(bomb),

Shock

(to give a),

^Ij ^Ki takdn

;

hhonvpdreh.

dddan.
Shoe,
L

Shelter, *Uj

pendh.
choopdn.
sharbat.

iS'lcafsh ;

(horse), JsJ na'ai

Shepherd,
Sherbet,

c;^-

(canvas), tyS'geeveh.

o^>

Shield, j~* neper.

Shoemaker, jj^ ^jufkafsh-dooz. Shoot (a bird, &c), v., z>) zadan

;

Shiue,

v.,

^j^jIj

tdbeedan

^Ju-1^

(to fire upon),

^jTjZ

cUtf

tufang

dara/c/iseedaw.

dar kardan.
;
f

Ship, s.,j{&. jehdz

Ship,
-y.,

jS'~keshtee.

Shoot,

s., As^-lii

shdkhcheh.

^fbdr
Shiver,
v.,

yjj^J^a. Jcardan.

7i,a?uZ

~kardan;j\i

Shop, ^fo dukdn; tj^-hujreh; y wine),

^>jj

larzeedan.
uj,.*

Shock,

aoJwj

sudmeh ;

2iw&;

^K)'

maykhdneh ; (apothecary's), j^ dawdkhdneh. Shore, *JS k endre h.

ails*-

ajU.

Short, t^jfkootdh.

YOCABTTLAKY
Shortly (in short), j^s." rrmkhtasser ;
(presently),

181
^Li.^*

Shrewd,
Shriek.

j^^

filfor

5H

hoshyar. See Scream.

dldn.
Shortsighted, ^^kambeen. Shot, a^.Li sachmeh.
Shovel,
Jrf &eel.

Shrimp,
Shrink,

*
v.,

maygoo.
jJLT-*
;
.>

dar 7ium la-

sheedan.

Shroud,

Shoulder,

jjI-

shdneh.
jljl

Shrub,
dvdz.
; jhjl

^kajan. &* booteh.

barhum zadan.
ijtendb kardan. bustan.

Shout, Shout,

s.,

jb dad;
i/"j>b

Shuffle, v., &*j~*j>

v.,

dad kardan
2jT
\j,

Shun,
Shut,

v., ^.ip vUs&.l

jjj^/'ai'az

kardan;
tamdshd.
^llj

sedd

v., c>i~j

kardan.

Shy, J^-

khijil.

Show, Show,

s., liLi'

Sick, yiji-li
1

ndkhosh
;

Ju.j*

mareez;
;

v.,

^^b

nishdn dddan.

o-!

^? behdlat

JJ* aleel

Shower, yi/o bdresh.

za'eef.

18S

YOCABTJLABY.

Side, ^Jjo taraf;

pahloo.

Siege, s^-ls* mohdssereh.

Sieve,

Signify, v., tan.

^\^

a*+
i

ma'anee dash'

J^c

gharbeel.

Sift, v.j

^^

beekhtan.

Silence, <S"J* U. khdmooshee. Sick, *i^?l aferesTiam.

Silly, *^_j*j

beehoodeh.

Sigh,

xJjTi\

dh kesheedan.
Silver, tj&
;

nukreh.

Sight,^lii

nazar

sfc negdh.

Similar,
;

J^L manend.
*.>'

Sighted
(dim),

(short),

^.S' kambeen

^ eb,b tareek-been; (loug),

nishdn
;

sddeh. Simple, UT gundh. Sin,

Sin,
i>.,

^^j^i doorbeen,

Lj>i/'Ur5rz7jia7i,

kardan.

Sign,

^li-3

u^^U 'ilamat.

Since, ^j^ choon; *&y$ choonkeh.

Signal,

Sjlil

ishdreh.

Sincere,

j^U

scZiA;

>_L> .sa/.

Signature,

f'uiol -iniza'.
'o

Sincerity,

i^5ljs->

seddkat.

^* Significant, _f
(

ba nza'anee.

Sinful, ^ITsUS gondhkar.

YOCABUEALY.
Sing,

1S3

^J^y- khdndan. dvdz khdndan.

sJcJlji.
eiJ

^Jil^i

)W

Sister, j*\y

khdher

*^i~

ham-

sheereh.
Sit, v., c^15

Singer, Single,

khdnendeh.
;

neshestan.

tak

(unmarried), ^s*

Situation, ^(C

makdn.
dnddzeh.

mujurrad.
Singular, &ju mufrad.

Situated, *slj vake'.

Size, Ji
;

kud

*j1jj1

Sink,

v.,

j*j 3} froo raftan

j>
^J*

Size (glue),

J^

sereesh.

J>

ghurk shudan ; ^jj*

Skewer,

^s-i

seekh.

ghooteh khurdan.
Sinless, Uo beegondh.

Skilful, jjls fca&ik

Skill,

o-k^
s.,

kdbiliyat.

Sinner, JC*\ gondh-kdr.

Sip, v.,

Skin, Skin,
Skirt,

o-_>i poost.

^yiyj* muzmuzeh kardan.

fj*^

v.,

xS'^->y, poost kandan.

Sir, L_*&.L sahib.

^b
v.,

damen.
J-i

Sirup,

sheer eh.

Skulk,

^W^ penhun shudan.

184
Sky, ^U-.] asmdn.
Slack, tj> sust.

VOCABULARY.
Slide, v., ^Sijii laghzeedan. Slide,
s.,

tj^Ju

shurshureh.

Slacken,
Slap,

v.,

^fiz~~~> sust kardan.

Slight.

See Slender.

^^L-i

seelee.
Ji kutl.

Slime,

lejjen.

Slaughter,

Sling, eU-- <J5 kulbeh sang.

Slip, v.,

Slave, j.iU gholam.

Slay, v., ^^ifkushtan.

&&_$ laghzeedan.
;

Slip,

s., ^p^i!

Sleek, *>j furbeh. Sleep,

s.,

Js

kalam

laghzesh; (of a plant), (of the pen), *lj-

Sleep, v.,

vl} khdb. ^j-olji. khdbeedan.

beekhdbee
;

sah'v-i-kalam.
Slippery, JJ Zeez.
Slit, v.,

Sleeplessness,

^[5-*^ ^Ijuj beeddree.

^pte. shakdftan.

Slow,

ai~j1

dhisteh

^y. yavdsh ;

Sleeve, ^t^] asteen.

jSkund.
Slowly,
<vi~jb1

Slender, ek,U bareek.

dhisteh.

VOCABULARY.
Sluggard,

185
v.,
&j

Jp

tunbul.

Smite,

zadan ;

^^koobee;

Sly, hJ^j zeereJc.

dan.
;

Small, eUjTfciicTiefe
Sinallness,
Jbl

^y- khoord.

Smith

(black), fi*\

ahenger

(gold),

J^fkoochekee.
ableh.
;

jQ

zargar.
Jj^ dooci
;

Smallpox,

Smoke,

^U-s dukhdn.
v.,

Smart, j/^

(P ain )> uj* sooxesTi.

Smoke
dan.

(chimney),
;

*j~

dj-a

dood

Smear,
Smell,

v..

^^U
feoo.

maleedan.
boo Tcardan.
_
I

Tcai'dan

(tobacco), ^J^lfkashee-

.,_}>

Smell,
Smile,

v.,
s.,

o^y. W
~~3

Smooth,
J^a-t-J

(_il<

saf.

tabassum;
*

Smother,
Snare,

v.

zf&*

khufeh kardan.

lubkhund.
Smile,
v.,
*J>

dan ; yjif
dan.

p~~3 Ji.t_J

tabassum kar-

-b dam; j^kamand. Snake,jU mar.

a ^f^s- 'atseh kardan. Snipe, j^di nukderuz.
Sneeze,
v.,

lubkhund

Tcar-

186
Snore,
v.,

VOCABULARY.
Sjfjj khurkhur tarSock, ^jyt- jurdb. Soda, vUi kalidb.
Sofa,
Soft,

dan.
Snout, >jy poozeh. r

c.Q
(/

neemkat.

Snow,
Snow,

s., (_*j> barf.

nurm.
aloodeh kardan.

v.,

^Jo^

Jj>

barf bareedan.

Softly, -*! ahesteh.

Soil, v., ^^jT'g^jJI Soil, s., elU.

Snuff, sJ6\ dnfieh.

Snuff-box, ^ta-uwl dnfiehddn.

So,

khdk ;

^j

zameen.

t^***

humcheen;

_>***

hum

Sojourn, i-Jsy tawakuf.

Solace,
Sold,
v.,

choon.

zJTL3
laheem.

tasali kardan.

Soak, v., g&fu***. kheess kardan. Soap, e)^^ saboon.

Sober, jL^ hoshyar.
Sociable,

<^jy ferookhteh.

Solder,
Soldier,

~J

jU^
laai

sarbaz.

oaM

lj

bd Hifat.

Sole (only), Wi" tanha.

Solely,

Society, u~*.Lm musdhabat.

fakat.

VOCABULAET.
Solicit, v.,

187
avdzeh.

^ J^y*

khdhesh kar-

Song,
Soon,

jl_j1

dun.
Solid,

Jjj

zood ;

^^>jy.

be zoodee

S*?

J^* munjamid.
v.,

jald.

Solve,

$yj&>\ ashkdr kardan.

Sop,

Aii!

lukineh.

Sometime, j*j eb yek vakti. Sometimes, ^jtfgahi; \fs\fgah-gdh.

Sorcerer,

J^^ jddooger.
;

Somewhere, J^jd-ee.
Son, s~j pesser
;

cU tamd\ Sore, &j zakhm.

Sordid,

Jjjj?

jarzand

Jj

Sorrow,
sjjil

^ gharri
dl^c-

^jjf^ dilgeeree
;

valad

Adam),
a king),

(grandson), sy neveh ; (of beni Adam; (of -.si

^/i
t&\)

andooh.

Sorry,
geer.

ghamnak
;

j}

dil-

^>
it>\)

slidh-zddeh
j#>\
-il>?t

(of a
;

nobleman),
(only), J^-j

ameer-zddeh voahhad
;

Sort,

fj
;

rakkam

^r^. jins
*~5

jy*.

tf>1

(in-

joor

cy

no'e;

ktssm;

a3^

law), .sLta

ddmdd.

gooneh.

1S8
Sought, juJl mutloob.
Soul, -jj rooh
;

VOCABULARY.
talabeedeh
;

lj^IL*

Span, ^j vajab.
Spangle, eU_^ jmlak. Spark, sj\j jUl atesh par eh cherekeh.
Sparkle,
v., ^Jy-li^,^

\*.jdn.
\z>y>
;

j*

Sound,
Soup,

1j-

\>jyi>

seda; shorbd

sot.

oi^Tl dbgoosht.
cheshmeh
;

daraJchaheedan.

Sour, Jj tursh.

Sparrow, d~^> gunjishk.

&+-*

Source

(water),

(origin), J->1 asl.

Speak, v., zadan.

Spear,
sjJ

^fguftan ; ^j
nayzeh.

<i^*.

harf

South, <->y+ jenoob. '

Sow,

v.,

^f

\sss\j)

z era at Tcardan

Special, yej^s viakksooss.

ij^X kdshtan.
Space, Ui fezd
;

Species,

^^^ jinss ;

p~5

kissm.

o-ij vusaat.

Specimen, ujJ nemooneh.

Speck,
iLiii

Spacious, a~-j vusee'.

nuHeh; A3
liUi'

lekkeh.

Spade,

J* beel.

Spectacle,

tamdshd.

YOCABULAET.
Spectacles,
<2k*c

189
rookJi.

Speech, a \ij
Speed,
aisP

'aynek. zebdn.
;

Spirit,

.<}j

Spirited,

o^c

_^L> saheb-i-gheyrat.

'ajaleh

i-jIsA

shetdb.
;

Spiritless,

Speedily, us&jj> be zood.ee tundee.

Spell, v.,
v.,

l$^> be

Spiritual,
Spirits,

#* beejdn. ^^jj rohdnee.

;

j*y johar

(out

of),

iU.>

^^fiLl im la

Icardan.

bee-demagh.
Spit (for roasting),
Spit, v., yji/'t-aJ
>-->

seekh.

fi-j* sarf Icardan; ^J Spend, *jfkharj Icardan.

Spice,
&i)$\

tuf kardan.

advieh.

Spite, xJfkeeneh.
Spittle, \J& tuf.

Spider, o^Jop 'ankaboot.

Spill, v.,

j&j

reekhtan.

Splendid, Jia. jalleel.

bdftan.

Spin,

v.,

^j

rustan

^U

Splendour,
Split, v.,

J^U

jellal.

Spinach, p-^-1 ispenaj.

Spiral,

^Ki

shekdftan.

j^^i peechdar.

Spoil,

s.,

o,le gharat.

190
Spoil, v.,

TOCABULAEY.
^sj
)\j

kherdb kardan

^j/^jU

zaye' kardan.

Spread (carpet, &c), ^^f\J>y farsh kardan.

Sprightly,

Sponge, ^1 dbr. Spoon, j^W kdshook.

Sport
(games),
;

c
<

^chust;
*
,

elYU.

chdldk.
;

Spring
bdzi
;

(season), jV+4

behdr

(of

^jjl

(fun),

water),
Sprinkle,

^ cheshmeh.

j^y^ shookhi
kdr.

(chase),

J&

she-

v.,

^J^U

ptisheedan.

Sprout,
Aim

v., cjJ'-jjj

rooeecZan.

Sportsman, \jj&> sliekdri.

Spot, JU. khdl
lekeh.
;

Spurs, j-**->
;

mahmeez.
;

nukteh

a^J

Spurious,

t_Ji fraZb

Ja. ja'al.

Spy,
looleli.

s.,

(_hj^U. jdssooss.

Spout,
Sprain,

*!_jl

Spy,

v.,

g^^^-j'-a-jassoossee Arardan.
v.,

v.,

^J^. el^

^rag-berag shu-

Squadron, alL, ressaleh. Squander, dan.

dan.
Sprain,

c $jT <*j\jj\ israf kar-

uif^ peechesh.

VOCABTJLAET.
Square,

191
.>1=~j1

ij*

murubba'

i^j^^e*

Stagnant,
<*,

istddeh.

chehar goosheh.
Squeeze,
Squills,
v.,

Stain, ixJ lakkeh. i

*j^2J

feshdrdan.

Jjfl-il

askail.

Staircase, A>pelleh. meefc7i Stake (wood),

(at play),

Squint,
Squint,
Stab,
$j

s., Jjja.1

ahval.
J[y-1

L^i.

shurt.

v.,

^y.

ahval budan.

Stale,

ai^ kohneh

(victuals), *iLA

v.,

&&) tjV Tcdrd

zadan ; j*^

shuhdneh.
Stalk,

khanjar zadan.
s.,

jL

safc.

Stable,

Stability,

A*^ <jj^\ paiddree.

Jcharman.

taveeleh.

Stall (for cattle), j>1 dkhoor.

Stamina,

a~j
v.,

bunyeh.

Stack,

^j^

Stammer,
tan.

^J? &Uj
zadan.

zebdn

gvrif-

Staff, L~ 'asd.

Stag, lyj^j^ gdvikoohee. Stage, j* sakoo.

Stamp,

v.,

ij

Stamp,

s.,j*

muh'r.

192
Stand,
v.,

VOCABULAET
gds-tl

istadan

(up),

State (condition), cJU. hdlat

J1_H

^j^b pasheedan.
Standard, JJ^> baydak.
Star,
Jjlx-il

dhwdl ; Jl hal ; (rank), *3j* martubeh; (pomp), J^U- jelldl;

istdreh.

Starch,

jl_^-IJL-j

nishdsteh

j\

(in this state

1

of
;

affairs),

o)W*y

dor een hdlat

of state), (affairs
i

dhdr.
Starling, j L sar.

cXUj^l
Station,

dmoor

mamlakat.

jC~ muskun ;
;

Start (to begin journey), ^11 b

j5y murkaz
Stationary,
Stationer,

&&

J^ munzul ; makdn.

rah uftadan
,-^r-j )

.il=~jl

istddeh.

(from sleep),

^-Ajp-j\

dz kh'db burjustan.

^jj

&K kaghaz feroosh.

Startle (for terror), v.,

f p ram

Statue, **~* mojussameh.

kardan.
Starve,
v., d a f. j^-J^ murdan.

Stature, JJol

anddm.

az guresnegee

Statute,

Stay,

v.,

y\s kanoon. ^JjU mancZan.

TOCABULAEY.
tead (instead of ), j>f- avaz
teadfast,
;

193

Us bejd.

Steward,

^U

nazir.
;

^ kayem.

Stick, ujj*. c/ioob Stick, v.,

U*

'assa.

teal, v., c;Jo-iji

duzdxedan.

o^w*
safcfrt

chaspeedan.

team, j&. bukhdr.

teel,

Sticky, dl~~*- chaspndk,

Stiff,

^y fooldd.
sarazeer;

o^"

is-*- s<f*.

teep

(downhill), y;^sarabdld. (uphill), %_,->

ajjo

Stifle, v., c ,j/'"i t/ia/a

kardan.

Stifling,
;

aii.

khafa.
;

tench, jj

j^j^ &oo-ee gandeedeh

kadam
j

Still,

3^ henooz

j\>

baz.

badboo.
,.Ji

Stillness, ^1,1

drdmi.

tep,
ay.>

(of promotion),

Stimulate,"!'.,

cr^l
wees7i.

angeekhtan.
sadan.

derejeh; i^j* martabeh; (of

Sting,
Sting,

s.,

u~>
cj>>j

staircase), aL pelleh.
Step, v.,
5

v.,

J~>

*&

^JT +J3 kadam

yakhni.

giriftan.

tew,

^^

Stingy, ij-^keniss. *See Stench. Stink.

194
Stipulate, v.,

VOCABTJLAET.

a Aj\ji> shart kardan.

shart.

Stoop,
Stop,

s.,

fclFntm.

v.,

Stipulation,
Stir, v.,

)*ju

^ala-il

istadan

a M\*

^_f^r-

harakat Tcardan.

mdndan.
Stop,
s
,

Stirrup, yJCj rehab. Stock (of a gun), J\<MS konddk.

aWs nukteh.

Store, ,U1 dnbdr.

Stocking, u!; j jurab.

Stolen, jJ^jj duzdeedeh; (property),

Stork, jld lukfoik.

Storm, ^Ujt to/So.

; Story (narrative), oi^- hekdyat wtifcl ; (of a bouse), *&> tabaJai

ijtp

JU mal-i-duzdee.

Stomach, s J*- mctadeh; Stone, dL- scmgr.

Stony, ^VeL- sanglakh. Stood, s^Ii-jJ istadeh.
Stool,

^>

shakam.

keh.

Stove,

ijj\&,

bukhdri.
;

Stout, j J*s katoor

(strong), \>y>

mazboot.

*i^jW charpayeh.
v.,

Stoop,

o^

khum shudan
(*"

Straight, o-j, rast

(in a straight

YOCABULABY.
line),

1D5

m<

!**

bekhut-i-musta-

Street, j^jT koocheh.

keem.
Strain.

Strength,

jjj

zoor ;
v.,

oy
*f

See Squeeze and Sprain.

;

Strengthen,
Icardan.

^ muhkam

koovat.

Strange, t_-i^ ghareeb

l-^s* ajeeb.
;

Stranger,

o^

ghareeb

m'Cj

bee

Stretch,
Strict,

v.,

^^kasheedan.
dakeek.
bddik'at.

gdneh.
Strangle,
v.,

j^

^^T^wa. khufeh kardan;

Strictly,

e^l?

^ji

geloo giriftan.

Strife, a!^U*

mujddeleh.
*j

Strap, s*~J tusmeh.

Strike, v.,

zadan; ^J^^koobee-

Stratagem,

<sL

heeleh.

dan ; ^ykuftan.
String, ^Ui, reesman.

Straw, s^kdh.

Strawberry,
Stray,
v.,

^'ij \z>y tooti frangi. '

Strip

zf S'^j rah gum Icardan.

(make naked), lukht kardan.

v.,

u>J

Stream,^ nahr.

Strive, v.,

O ^f,j^^kooshesh kardan.

196
Stroke,
s.,

"VOCABULARY.

Stroke,

v.,

^j^ zurb. ^J^U maleedan.

Subject, o~, rtfaxjet

aIL

ab'e.

Sublime, ^Jl*

a'ah'.

Stroll, v.,

^3j J^^f garddsh raftan.

Submission, c>*Ul itd'at.

Submissive, /di* mutee'.

Stroll,

s.,

^zjfgardash.
kavee.

Strong,

^y

Struggle, v., ^ijTj^aj J+jadvajalid hard an.

Subsequent, Jw ha' ad. Substance, oli z#.

Substantive,
Substitute,
-.!
cJ

-mn.
^/'ji J-i' tabdeel kar'

Stubborn, j~sy khudsar.

Stuff", s.,

v.,

A^,b parcheh.

dan.
Substitute, s.n^t^\^. jane sheen; <j>^ } avaz.

Stuff, v., &<**&

chapeedan.
&j~> safee.

Stupid, j^-1

ahmak ;

Stumble,
tan.

v.,

^j

p*r>

sar-i-sum rafinsha.

Subtract,

v.,

^J'l^, minha kardan.

' oifjjJJJ zeer ro ^ ar

Subvert,
*lii1

v.,

Stvle (in writing),

dan.

VOCABULARY.
Succour,
iJ^

197
a=-.i

medad.

Suit (of clothes),

Suit
(agree), v.,

dusteh.

Such (as this), e>s*"> hamcheen; c^chaneen ; (as that), o^** hamchenan. chendn ;

^L

bdhum
f*\>

saklitan.
y

Suitor, j>j

s.

'ariz.

Sudden,

sfc'li

ndgdJi.

Sulphur, tfj? googird.

Sultan, ^UiLj sultan.
Sultry, ai> Ichufeh.

Suddenly, Uai ghijlatan. Suffer, v., *f\y+sc taliamul kardari; yj jj* zarar Tcasheedan. (loss),

Sum

u J^ 4^ kafi shudan. &3 kund; (unrefined), J2> Sugar, sheker ; (candy), oU3 nabdt ;
Suffice, v.,

(of

money),

(arithmetic),

* mublugh; yL* hessdb.

tubistan; (crops),

Summer,
iu-o

Wo

(plums),

JS3

nukl;

sayfee.

(cane),

J^~>

Summit, sKkelleh.

ney-i-sheker.

Suggest,

v.,

^b j^1 ishdreh dadan.

Summon,

s.,

.j~& talabeedan.

198
Sun,

VOCABULAEY.

vUl

dftdb

JJ^,^- kliursheed

Suppose,

-u.,

^jTyl^Tg email kardan.

(disk of),

v-jUjI

(worshipper),

> voj kurs-i-dftab o--^ v^l dftdb

Suppress, v.,
Sure,
v.,

^jfj^ makhfi kardan.

yakeen.

(^

parest; (exposed
t-jksl

to),

i->l1

dftab

Surety,

^U

zdmin.

roo; (beam), i_>U!y^j part d-i-dftab;

(flower),

Surface, jj roo.

^fgul-i-djtdb; (rise),
;

Surgeon,

1^. jarrahh.
t-Jil

vial c^lt

teloo' -i-dftdb

(set),

^^

Surname,
Surpass,

lakkab.

Superb, *iic 'azeem.

zdyid. Superintendent, J*\i ndzir.

v., c^i.

XTguzasMan.

Superfluous,

Jolj

Surprise, t-*^ ta'ajub.

Surprise,
v.,

$y

v*?*^

muta'ajib

Supper,

|.Ll

sham.

kardan.

Support (endure),

^U

is*llt

tafcai

Surprised,

v.,

^f^^

ta'ajib kar-

dan.

TOCABTTLAET.
Surrender,^,

199

i^f^ tasleem dddan.

-

Sweep,
Sweet,

v.,

o ^/^3j^J ar00h
shireen.

kardan.

Surround,

v.,

aif'j-^ muhdssereh

,j>.j^>

kardan.
Survey,

Swell, v., Swift,

J^j'

kardan. a*f?ji varam

tund.

paymoodan. Surveyor, j~~> momayiz. burdan; v., a &ji ^Sgeman

v.,

o*3**i

Swim,
Swing,

^fy^
(2)^1

sheno kardan.

dbrak.
tarkeh.

Suspect,

tf&U
Sustain,

Aji

shubheh dashtan.

Switch,

&)
v.,

Suspicion,

a lS gemdn ;

^ shubheh.

Swoon, ,J& ghush.

jA^ji Swallow, s., A^J*

Swallow,
v., &*/.

bar dashtan.
chelchelleh.

Swoon,
'*

fj*

Sword, jfM.a.
ij\j3

ghush kardan. shamsheer ; (rapier)

}J froo burdan.

kuddreh.

Swamp,
Swear,

cjb^>

v.,

murddb. kassam khurdan. ^jy-

Symbol, c^>^e ilamat.

f*

Symptom,jUi dsdr.
Synonymous,
^j** f*

Sweat, Jj* arak.

hum mani.

200
WW

YOCABULABY.
iara/ dari kardan ; (by the hand), dust giriftan.
a-9

Syringe, djJjl dbdozek.

System, ^yls kcinoon.

T.
Table,
j~.

^o-J
Tale,
>/- sufreh,;

kisseh;

t^-oK^.

hikdyat;

^l^ta da stun.
8,.*

mee; (cloth),
a), v.,

(to lay

^J-^-

sufreh

Talent, o-lls kdbeleeyat. Talisman, -JJ telism.

cheedan.
Tablet, ts takhteh.
Tail, -^ dura.

Talk,

jj v-j/a.

7mr/ zadan.

Talker, v-J^ hardf.

Tall, jJb

buland.
Jbj

Tailor, tUi. khdyydt.

Take,

*j bur. clan; (away), ^s&lo^ barddshtan ; (care of ), C,J^> l_-U ^ moiuazib shuv.,

^J^

Tallow,
Tally, Tally,

giriftan

pee.

s.,

Wi.y^. choobkhut.
ySZ' Jj^u
*j\s

v.,

mukdbil shudan.

dan; (the part

of),

^T ^U-^t

Tambourine,

ddyereh.

V0CABT7LAEY.

201

Tame, Tame,
Tan,

adj.,
v.,

ram.
p\j

Tawny,
sdhhtan.
Tax,
Tea,

^ffXfgandum
mdliat
c7iai.
;

goon.

^L.

ram

oUL
^U-

^>

baj.

v.,

o^f ^^

dubdghee hardan.

Tank, <je>y- hoz. Tantamount, J^U. mo'adil.

Tar, a \J* kaytrdn.

Teach, v.,

^b ak 3/^ dddan;
dl*
c7ifc.

^y\

dmoolcMan.
Tear
Tear, Tear,
(a rent),
w.,

Tarantula, Jjj rotel. Tart (acid), JJ tursh.

Taste,
Taste,
v.,
s.,

ej^^a^ra
ashfc.

fcardan.

s., eli\

J~^- chesheedan.

Tears

(to

shed),

^j

eli!

osfc*

Tattler,

^^

*> muzzeh.

sahhan cheen.

.Hi

Tease
Teeth,

v.,

^f^>i^

dziet Jcardan.

Taught, J* muta'alim. zadan. Taunt, v., o-sj <^*1> ta'aneh Tavern, <ulit mayTchaneh

U d ljj^ denddnhd.

Telescope,

^jo

doorbeen.

202
Tell, v.,

VOCABULARY.

^h/gujtan;

nukl

Tenant, ^f^ mustajir.

kardan.
Temerity, j\z~S gostakhi. Temper, ^y- khoo ; ji
(good), jli
(bad),
\J>f-

Tend,
^j>

v.,

o^T J^
e)jl>

nww/2

kardan;
e"

JjL mayil boodan.

a.,
;

khulk

Tender,

nazwfc

o^ n ^

khosh kliulk

ween
Tender,

*/ nurm.
s.,

y-

Jo

bad

klioo.

*-JJ& takleef.

Temperament, o*~k
tube'

tabee'at;

^>
^.5U

Tenderly, o^.^L ^ &# moldyemat.

Tendon,
Jj^--

^ 'pay.

Temperate,

moHadil

molayem.
Temple, Ss^> musjed. ighva kardan Tempt, v., a

Tenour, &y*** mazmoon. Tent,j^U chadur; (to pitch a),j^W chadur zadan ; (to take down
yj

if^

a),

jjfj*\*.
;

Temptation, \^\ ighva.

Tenacious, ^" mussir.

&j* derek

chadur kandan;(yo\e), meekh. (pegs),

Term, c^Ut

ibdret.

YOCABTTLABY.
Terminate,
v.,

203
v.,

j^^>
r

f^
*J

khatm
injam

Thank,

^ta^
1

shukr dadan.
shendss.

sakhtan; awardan.

^jl

be

Thankful, u-Ui

J*- fcwfc

Thankfulness, ^ii tashukur.

That, dew. pro.,
(that which),
that),
jju
b'

Terrace, &Az*\* mdhtdbeh.

Terrible,
12)

aw

(vulg., oon)

U>. holndk.

ancheh; (seeing
is

"Terrify,

v.,

^J^^y

tursdneedan.

ejj*-

cTuxm; (that
(in

to say),
that),

Territory, eiU milJfe. vahshat. Terror, of3 turss ; o^j

Test,

ya'anee;

order

id.
r.,

^U*^ imtihdn. 5 i^W^ Testify, v., ^l-

Thaw,

^J^ <^ # shudan.

ajU. liUi'

sheliadet

Theatre,

tamaslid khaneh.

dddan
Text (original),
<zye7i.

Theft, l5^-s duzdee.

(verse), *J

JJ

dsl

Themselves, ^>^ khudishan. Then (- that time), taSyl dnvakt

Than, jl

204 Thence
There

VOCABTJLAET.

(=
(=

from that place),

that
place),
Uil

\d\J\

Thing,
Think,

jjj*

cheez.
^.s^" J'- fefrwzZ Tcardan
;

dzdnjd.

.,

anja

^sjiLi jol dwleesheh

Thirst, (jX^' tishnagee.

Tcardan.

(vulg., oonja).

Thereabouts
\s*\j?\jS

(=

in

those

places),

derail] (ilia.
;

Thirsty, <uio tishneh.

This, j^l een,.

Therefore, \X lehaza her an.

^jl^la

bend-

Thorn,
Those,

^li.

A-7ior.

kulufb Thief, *j& duzd.

Thick,

vizis'

ssS'gundeh.

l#1

dnhd

(vulg., oonlia).

Thou,

to.

Thigh,

gjlj

ran

(vulg., roon).

Though,
Thought,

ja.J\ igerclxeli.

Thimble

angooshtdneh. Thin (as paper), ehls ndzook ; (as a stick), (liquid), dojL bdreek
,-

ailsiiol

JLs.

fc7i/i< ;

^j _^fcr.

Thoughtful,

JZ'ku

mutafeker.

Thoughtless, JW-^i bikhidl.

&fjrakeek;

(lean), j&^ lugher.

Thousand,

J^y* hezdr.

VOCABTJLABT.
Thrash,
t\,

205

o^j

J^ s7iaZafe zadan.
(of

Throw,
Thrush,

t\,

^IjJI dndakhtan.
toofea.

Thread (end), ^U-jj reesmarii

conversation), a^> rishteh.

tfy

Thumb,

^jj>.

v-i^l dngusht buzurk

ra'ttd.

Threat,

o^"

tahdeed.

o^ai ehast.
ta/uZeed

Threaten,
ka/rdan.

r.,

^/

*.*'

Thunder, J*,
Thus,

&/*

chome&n,}

^ff ham-

chuneen.
Three,
*-

seh.
*ils-l

Threshold,

dstdneh.

Tickle, v.,

dddan. d ab J *-5 dughldk

1

Tide

(flood),

J-

mud;
;

(ebb),

j>>

Throat, jJfgeloo.

Throne,

is**?

tuM&
sotr-a-sar
;
}1

jazr.

Through, ,-1^pass),

az

(to

Tidings, j-
rav.zhdeh.

khabar

(glad),

>>

^AJfguzasMan.

Throughout,
dicker.

>1

tt

J^

2avat

<(*

Tie,

cr-^ tustan. Tier, &^ tabakeh.

i'.,

206
Tiger,
j*>

VOCABULARY.
babr.
Tissue,
<~i^>j)
el*
t-Ji!

zar baf.
dali yek.

Tight, eb3 tang.

Tile, JUj^, sufal.
Till,
Is

Tithe,
Title,

lakab.

ta; 4^.1" dfce7i.

i->j*

Timber,

choob.

Tobacco, ^yJjS tutun; (for narghileTi or ghalidn), jS\$ tunbaku.

Toe, b o-^ol angusht i pa.
*l>

Time, o$j uafci. Timid, Ly iarsan.

Tin, ^jJo. halabi. Tinder, -uij-. sookhteh.
Tinsel,

Together,
Toil, J^?.

bahum.

jahd. Token, i5U ildmat.

Told, s&gufieh.
Toll,

uy fooeh.
noofc.

Tip,

eli

^bsl, rdhddree.
fcafrr.

Tipsy,
Tiptoe,

must.

Tomb,^J

i?ij~>

Tire, v.,

saripanjeh. gsj'iz**. khasta kardan.

Tongs, ^-il anbur. Tongue, gly zeb<m.

2Vi

VOCABULAET.
Tool,

oM

head or
diet.

tails),

^/^V) ^
~i
dust zadan

s?ieer

Tooth,

tfU-J

denddn;

(-ache), a,a
(-pick),

vakhut Idzi kardan.

Total,

\^durdidenddn;
kheldl.

J^

J^
.,

jam'-i-kul.
tS
*

Touch,
Tour,

o^J

VU bald. Top,^~ sar;

J,*/ gardesh ;
(drag),
0.,

tjy doreh.

& Topsy-turvy, Torch, Ja^- musha'al.

Torment, *

^3

hurj WU7>

Tow

^fccw7iefidan.

Towards,

jj roo-be.

^U

*U

W& dddan.
e!5)

Towel,

Ay

holeh.

Tower,

-j> b&rj-

Torrent, Js- sayl.

ortoise,

s^i

<^- sang-pusMj

o^j

lak-pusht.

Town,>i. shahr. shehri ; (fellowTownsman, shahri. townsman), ysj* f hum

Torture,
Toss, v.,

^^ shekenjeh.
^^andakhtan;
(to toss

Toy, tgfa
Trace,

bdzeecheh.

o^ ilamat.

208
Trade, o,lsi tejdrat
sitad.
;

VOCABULART.
M~>
_j

aU

dad,

deem va
o*f\J-*l3

Id kheer

kardan;

P u vapeesh kardan.

Trader, ^l? tajer.

Traitor, ^.U. khdyen.

Trap, As tileh.

Trappings, j]^ yerdk.

Travel,
i\,

Trample,

i/'J^^ pamal hardan. ardm. Tranquil, s.s^-1 dsoodeh; jlj! Transact, U., pcrddkhtan. Transfer, v., o-s^JS nukl kardan.
v.,
C)

j^jj^
;

safar raftan.

Traveller, ^sL- musafrr.

^b^

Tray, ,J~ seenee

<***

mujma'a.

Tread,

D.,

#*} U

p zadan.

Translate,

v.,

$sf

***J

tarjumeh
3&

Treason, oJ^i- khidnat.

Treasure,

hardan.
Transplant, Tear dan.
Transport,
v.,

Sganj.
ti\j&.

oi^9

W*

be

?'*

Treasurer, jUjjUa. khezunehddr.

Treasury,

khezdneh.

v.,
v.,

c^J**

haml kardan.
{*<&>

Treaty, a-U J^c

vention),
.ita

Transpose,

&*f_j&k j

tafo

'ahd ndmeh ; (con= kerdr dad.

VOCABULAET.
Treble, JjU
a->

209
s.,

seh mukabil.

Trifle,

Jj*. juz'ee.

Tree,

o*,^ darakht.
nurdeh.

Trifle, v.,

^pTg^

harzeh guftan.

Trellis, s*J>

Trim,

a ^==b

pdkeezeh.

Tremble, o^-j) laTzeedan. Trench, JJ^. khunduk.

Trial,

Trip, v.,

^-ij

^j
azmd-

sar

Jj topuk zadan; sum raftan.

sehpdyeh.

^ j~

^W^

imtihdn ;

ytjUj)

Tripod,

ajUa-j

yesh.
Triangle, aIjS^j- seh goosheh.
Tribe, ik^> tdyefeh. Tribulation, ,lj1 azdr.

Triumpb, ^fat'h; (triumphal arch),

OpoJ jlL tdk-i-nosrat.
at. Troop, sjjfgerooh; ^cl^. jemd'

Tribunal, a*=*

mahkemeh.

Troops,
Trot,

J^
^j
s.,

leshker.

Tribute, p\> baj. Trick, aLa. heeleh

s., 4+jj>

yoortmeh.
<u-y_

i^Z, sheeveh ; (to a trick), ,jOj ty-A> sheeveh zadan. play

;

Trot,

v.,

yoortmeh raftan.

Trouble,

o-*j zahmat.

210
Trouble,
v.,

VOCABULARY.

& &\a

o-*-*j

zahmat

Tube,

iljl

looleh.

dddan.
Trousers,
j\^2>

Tuck,
shalwdr.
Tuft,
Tulip,

v.,
ax>

&&f&ai
buteh.

clieen kardan.

Trowel, aJL mdleh. muhlet. Truce,

aJV Zte7i,.

cV

Tumble,

v.,

^ksl uftddan.

True, \z*Jj rast.

Truly, SfljaJl^ filhakeekat liakeekatan.
;

\z&t&*

Tumult, 4*lui hengdmeh. Tune, eUftl dhang.

Turban,
<ulc

emdmeh.

Trunk
Trust,

(of a tree), &3

tanah ;

(bos),

Turbid, ^>\^ gilalood.

Turf,

^Jj- yakhddn.
s., ^laxcl

itikad.

chaman. Turk, (^L^ Osmdni.

cr*.

Trust, v., c^ib jlwl itikdd ddshtan.

Turn,

v., ^Juil-sy

gerddneedan.

Truth,
Try,

(JJ-o sidle,

Turnip,

**1^

sliulghum.
_/_>?

v.,

*f~

\*\

imtihdn kardan.

Turpentine, ja-

johar sekkez.

ZIL

VOCABULARY.
U.
Turquoise,
Turtle-dove,

Tweezers,

^ J&+
*)3j#

firoozeh.

kumri.
**i*j* dodafa'eh.

Ugliness, j^>j

zishtee.

munkash.

a*W Ugly, o^j

Ulcer, f-j zakhm. dkher.

Twice,

jVjji

doMr;

Twin,

Twine,~s.,^" Mtmeh. ' P chesh kar Twine, ,;., d */

JSj.5

doghuli.

Ultimate,^ Umbrella,^

chatr.
salts.

u^

Umpire, cJl> Unanimous, Jfc* mutafik.

Unawares, Uic ghijlatan. Unbecoming, ~i^ ndsMyiiteH.

dan.
Twist,
.

.,

o^

pecfcflfida;

j^s4 b7iuw peecheedan.

Tyrant,

Tyranny,

^ vaUm. -&

Unbounded,
Uncertain,

J^
fJ

befcu<l;

oiW ^

zuliw.

bee nehdyat.
J.U

iwma'aloom.

212
Uncharitable, Jj>do tangdil. Uncivil, l_>.}1 ^ bee it dab.

VOCABTJLAEY.
Understand,
^jvi
v.,

&*-&

fahmeedan

JU. Julli

shudan.
i

Uncle (paternal), y>* 'amoo

nal),
_}!--

(mater-

Undertake,!;.^ JjTj-al ikdam kardan.

khilloo.

Undeserved, j~*ji* gheir

y-as nejess.
14

musta-

Unclean, dUl3

napdk;
nadir.

hak.

Uncomfortable, co.1;

bee ruhat.

Undesigned,
deh.

5_/3 JU. khial nekerU

Uncommon, ^-15

Unconcerned, < j. bee-gham. Uncurable, ^s. ^ la ilaj. Undeceive, v., _)>;jl o3/- 8 ^-^ ishtibah beroon awardan.
Undeniable,
-*-->

Undesirable,
^z

!j-

wa

sez#.

Undetermined, s^> nukrah.

J^

Undisciplined,

jjii

free

nuzm.

Uneasiness,

u-il^Sa-vl

izterab.

bee shubheh.

Uneasy, c^k-u muzterib.

Unequal, j^
Unequivocal,
l3

Under,^ij zeer.

nd hamvdr.
bee shubheh.

Undermine,^., ^^fs^Ju nukb kardan.

-^-i. _j

VOCABULARY.
Unerring', U
i_j

213

bee khetd.
<_}

Unfortunate, o.3?Jo bttd bukht.

Unfruitful, J-'^ bee hdssel. doorazdoostee.

Unexampled,
Unexpected,
kabeh.
Unfailing,

Jiu

missl.

A+3jZo jfS-

gheir-i-mutara-

Ungenerous,

j^^l,^
,_^-

Ungentlemanly, ajM
*1j

<j

beeddabuneh.
;

day em.
\i

Unfavourable, j*\~*

nd musaid.

Ungovernable, tundkhoo.

sarkash

y-<x^i

Unfeigned, JL**- hakeekee.

Unfinished,

Ungraceful, <-Sj

%a tamam.

Ungracious, oUJl
Ungrateful, Jj*
a.-...-^*.

^ g

bee tarkeeb.

bee iltifdt.

Unfit, c_iUl3

ndmundsib.

isUJ

neniek behardm.
;

Unfold,

v.,

o^/jV b2 kardan.
sj&su^
glieir-i-munta-

Unhappy,
eki'

J^ dii shekesteh

Unforseeu,
zereh.

J^

cZti tangr.
Is

Unhealthy,

plL,

nd

sdlim.

Unforgotten, J^ ne shudeh.

yi^./ammoos/i

Uniform,
Uniform,

adj.,

/j> herd-bar.

s.,,**-,

u-U

lebss russmi.

214
Unimportant,
Uninformed,
c5U!
<j,

VOCABULARY.

^
y

hee itilu.

bee khabar.
bee
tiki.

Unjust, jp-k ndhak. L-o beepd. Unjustifiable,

Unintelligent, Jac

Unkind, o^*
Unlawful,
sji>

tj

bee mohubut.

Unintelligible, .j#u Jioom.

gheir-i-maf-

^J"^. kheldji shure.

Unintentional, 1^~> sahvan.

Uninterested, j>/-

<_j

bee gharaz.

Unlike, Jl_j- ^ nd movdfik. Unlimited, J^ ^ bee hud. Unloose, v., ^Js\> baz karden.

Uninvited,

J.

"J

<&*

bedooni

va'adeh.

Unmanagable, J^> sarkash. Unmanly, ii\*j nd marddneh.

\i
Hi

Union,

>U1 itilidd.

Unmarried,

z>js*
(

majurrud.
<ji

United, J^ mutahid.

Unmeaning, J3u

bee ma'anee.

Unity, L^=*J^i yekdnegee.

Universal,

^y** emoomee.

Unmerciful, **, ^j bee rah'm. Unnamed, sj^o'o _^j _,l ^ bee ism
o

Universe, y\&.jehdn; ^jJfgeetee.

rasm nandmideh.

VOCABULARY.
Unnatural,
(

215

j^> j^U

gheir

tabee-i.

Unprincipled,

oi^

^j

bee hakeekat.

Unnecessary, *p

ndlazeem.
Tcheldf

Unprofitable, JoU

bee fdyedeh.

Unneighbourly,

^j*** <-*^

Unpropitious,

^^

nahss.

hamjavaree.
Unobstructed, *JL%
Unoffending, Unowned, c-o-U
beta mane*.

Unprotected,

^^ bee Kami.
bela-hurf
;

Unproved, oj^^-c gheir -i-sabit.

Unquestionable, ^J,^^L> dLi.}lj bela-shuk.

~U

haleem.
bee sahib.

Unperceived, ne shudeh.

*J-U

oJu

multqfat

Unreasonable,

*-?j-o

j-*-*

gheir-

i-

movajeh.

Unpleasant (personage),
goosht tulkh.
Unpolite, v-jI

JJ

o^^

Unreceived,
s hud eh.

sjJLi

J^J

kabool

i\e

free

adab.
bee taraf.

Unresisted.

See Unobstructed.
\uA\

Unprejudiced,

<-i>J*

^j

Unrestrained,

jlU.

mutlak

el

Unpretending, U>Xi

bee takleef.

enun.

216
Unrevenged, shudeh.
jJJ^j

TOCABULAET.
^"ki
taldfi

ne

Unsteady, xlc, ra'asheh.

Unsubdued, j~* j-** gheir

sakhar.

mo-

Unrighteous, ^.J^ beedeen.

Unripe, Ju-y ne-reseedeh.
Unsafe,

Unsuccessful,^? ^U^c gheir i moasser.

^1

li

nd dmn.
s^u>
j-p

Unsuitable, .u-^li U
gheir
i

nd

Unsatisfactory,

matboo\
Unseasonable, *3y>
Unskilled,

Unsupported, U j> bee bee komek.

Untasted,
khidl.
sJ^-i^. b

pd ;

shayesteh. <sL^

bee mo'ke'.

nd

chesheedeh.
;

a^- ^j bee serishteh. Unsound, j^\ ^j bee itibdr.

Unsociable, ^*^=J.i ^j bee dilgarmee.

Unthinking, JJ^
Untie,
Until,
v.,
b'

bee fikr

JLsj?

bee

o^j^- baz kardan.

uwj*j bee vakt.

Unspeakable, J^=*> nugufbanee.

{

td.

Unspecified,

j-^

ghair-i-

Untimely,

mo'ayen.

Untouched, isj

.i

dust ne zadeh.

VOCABULARY.
Untrained, -iw
Untried,
deh.
5xl>

217

^ bee ta'aleem.
hale.

Upright, e~- j rust.

Uproar,
Jls j J-5 fceeZ o

^ja tajrubeh ne shu-

HL
kardan.

Upside-down, j>.j\j~>
ja.
13

sar a zeer.

Untrue,

nd
U

Urge,

v.,

z>fj\j*\ isrdr

Unusual,

J^l t-J^U. kheld.fi kd'adeh.

ax~>

Urgent, jji^i
Usage,
sJfiU'

zaroor.

Unwashed,
Unwilling,

nd
nd

shusteh.
rdzi.

kd'adeh.

^\j

Use, JUa^-1 isWrnal.

Unwise,

^b

U ii daw.
Jsr**-*

Unworthy,

na mustahak.
sar zanesh

Used, J - musta'mil. Useful, >M- mufeed.

Useless, J^'i

Upbraid, v., kardan.

*f J^j j-

^ bee fayedeh.
ma'amool.
zarf; oVI dldt.

Usual,

J_y\>j

Uphold, v., i>\inz+>.yotu'kveeatdadan. Upon,^ bar ; VU bald.

Usury,

riba.

Utensil,

<-Jj&

218
Utility, sJok fdyedeh.

VOCABULABY.
Valley,
;>

derreh.

Utterly,

LW

tamdman.
V.

Valuable,

o^i

kaimati.
on), ^.,
c,j/"

Value (put price

ka'imat Jcardan.

Vacancy, ojk.
Vacant, ^U.

Ichilvat.

Vanguard,
Vanish, dan.
v.,

^-i. ui~-

peesh khaymeh.

khdli.

^J^> Aya* rnafkood shu-

Vagabond,

(jitjl

obdsh.

Vague, ..&Vain (in), u~-^

Vainly, sJoU
bee fdyedeh.

rnobhim.
ij*

khud parast.
Ji's

fat'h Tcardan ; Vanquish, v., c^^3. shekest dddan. &]&

^J'^
t-J^bi.1
'

^ beta fdyedeh;

Variable, ^\j

ikhtildf-i-rd ee.

Variety,

v.,

ysljjf goonagoon.

Valet, i^y* (_!/ ferrash i khelvat. 1 Valiant, sis slmjd'.

Vault, jlk tdk.

Vaunt,

v.,

gdj i-iV laf zadan.

Valid, ^s-> saheehh.

Veal, \~t^yz~Z>^gooshl-i-gosaleh.

VOCABULAET.
Vegetable,
,jjf*

219
yj

subzee.

Venus,

zuhreh.

Veil, ^>3j rooband.

Verbal, Jl>j zebawee.

Verbose,

Vein,

<3j

rag.
>!

^J> tool-i-keldm.

Vellum,

o-# poost-i-ahoo. tundee ^>V sura'at. Velocity, ^J^

;

Verdigris, j&j zengfar. tahkeek. Verification,

j^

Velvet, J-*i"

makhmal.
&ato

Verily,

s^^
*,jfc

/*' hakeekat.
%

Venerate,

v.,

p*

muUirim

Verjuice,

v^ db

ghooreh.

dashtan.
Veneration,
ihtirdm.
fSf*-\

Vermillion,

^J^

shunjurf.

Vernal,
shikar.
fear-

^W behari.
shi'ir.

Vengeance, J"^
Venison,

telafi.

Verse,^*i>

J& ci/ goosht-i.,

Very,j^~> bisyar.
Vessel,

Venture,

^jW

jessdrat

i*> zwrf;

(ship),

j^Skeshti.

daw.
Venturous, j^~* jassoor.

Viands, el^y. khorak.

Vice, ^ir" sherdrat.

220
Vicegerent,
Vicinity,
{:J

YOCABULAEY.

U.

jd nesheen.

Village, ^ deh.
]

^t^J
^j>

nazdeekee.

Villager, J>

*>*

dehdtee.

Victim,

korban.

Villain, jal^L*.

haramzadeh.
ndpdk.

Victor, L_Jli ghdlib.

Villainous, e)l^

Victory, ^p faith. Victuals, d\,y khoorak.

Vindicate,

o^j^9

^
.

hemdyat

kardan.
Vindictive,

View,
View,

v.,

^Jo^ deedan;
nazar.

kardan ;
s.,j\oj

^J*> nazar ah kardan. sfs& nig

^^f keenehv er
serkeh.

Vine, ^ mo.

Vinegar,
Violate,

j~>

Vigilance, ^Li^j, hosTi/ydri.

&*f j<^

tejavuz kardan;

Vigorous, rnund.
Vile, ^4-J

^5

kavee

&+j}j zoor-

^^yoiiJ mtfes kardan.

zoor. Violence, iikj benefsheh. Violet,

kabeeh.

Vilify,!'., ^^S'j.lijo

badndm kardan.

Viper, ig^jca^L mar-i-ja'aferi.

VOC ABU LAKY.

Virgin, tjS\i baker eh. Virtually, UgJ*. hakeekatan.
Virtue,

221

Vocabulary, o*! loghat.

Vogue,
Voice,

-Ajj
1j->

ravdj
;

(in),

v^

bab.

y*

honur.

sedd

jljl

dwdz.

Virtuous, jj^/a

honurmund.
bashiddut.

Void, adj., ^JU. khdli.

Virulence, <^^> shiddut.

Virulent,
cjj^>Ij

Void,

v.,

^^T JIjU o^
lii
(jtj'l

Jcardan.

Volcano, a

jS"

kooh

dtesh

Vision, Jaj nuzur.

Visit,
s.,

feshdn.

ols^L

muldkat
cjIs^L*

*>_z

deedan ;
Visit,
v.,

^>j\j zidrat.

Volley, isUi sheleek.

^j^

mulakdt

Volume,

^xla.

jild.
tji*

kardan.
Vitriol, J\j zdj.

Voluntary, jy?

klxud bekhud.

Volunteer, aJL j ^ do talabeh.

firz.

Vivacious,
Vizier,
j>.)^

yJ>J>

Vomit,

v.,

&*/&>

vazeer.

uj^T'jKas-.l

bay kardan; istifrdgh kardan.

,_/

222
Vouch, v., dadan.
gjdlj

VOCABULARY.
o^l^-i.

shehddat

Waggish, yU shookh.

Waggon, J^\i barkash.

Waist,

Vow, Vow,

s.,

jjj nuzr.

^sjfjSj nuzr kardan. Voyage, ^-i safar ; lSjIj^ bdzdri.

v.,

jSkam&r.
v.,

Wait,

^i>f j~o subr kardan.

&*j\j~> beedar shudan.

Vulgar,

J.jt

JU mZ

awdm.

Wake,
Walk,

v.,
v.,

^j

^Uj piddeh raftan.

Vulture, j^i-*^ Idshkhur.

W.
Wafer, t^~i l
meeri.

Walkingstick o-^ dust; Lt 'asd.

khaWall, j\y_s deevdr.
Wallflower,

y^

clwob-i-

*^ surchusp

t-~i

shub-boo.

Wag, ~y^ shookh.

Wager, jj^gero. Wages, t^-\_y movdjib. Wail, v., ^.^Talli ndleh kardan.

Walnut, j^girdao. Wander, r., oi/^" ^^j^9 9^ r desh kardan.

Want,

v.,

^^-^j* khdstan.

VOCABULARY.
Want, s., jtly- Tchahish. War, eU=. jung. Wardrobe, a^^j* doldbcheh. Ware, y-^. jmss.

223
*r*

Washer (of the dead), j^A murdeh shoor. Washerman, y. o, rufc7ii *fto.
Waste,
c"
1

v.,

c/ Plr

7tarim fcardan

Warm,

^gwrw;

(climate) , >*-

kjJB tafreet.

wm kardan Warm, v., Warmth, ^fgurmee.

gfitrm seer.

^/f^

'

Waste (desert), ^Vri beeahan. Watch, o*L- sa'at.

Watch

(guard),

v.,

c-s/^W

2>ss-

Warn,

v.,

o^^
,

kliabar dadan.

bani kardan.

Warrant, J^- sanad. Jj vig&* Wart, Jjlj zeZooZ

Watchman,

cV-lj ptfssbatt.
**>\

Wary, tW^ ^->^ sa/ilb boocL Was, Wash, v., .-^^ shustan.

ihtidt.

Water, A ab ; (running), gig, >\ db-i-jdri ; ab-i-rowan; b-i-s7ioor; (warm), Ml (salt),

^U

M* ab-i-gurm; (spring

of).

224
c_>1

YOCABTJLAEY.
u*..%

cheshmeh-i-db ;
;
u->1

(closet),
; ;
;

Weapon, o^l
Wear,
.,

Zt.

JL. mdbdl

jU-T kenar-i-ab
(_pb u*l

(watering pot),
(barley),
(to

j-^

a& pas7i md-i-shaeer

k_>1

Wear
dan.

out,

^J*^ poosheedan. v., ^^T * kuhneh

(J

Car-

pour out),
Lfl

^^

ftb

reekh;

Weariness,

L~ khastagee; ^fi^^*

tan; (cresses),
(carrier),
joljjt^fc

^l_j5)U

boldhooty
;

mandegee.

sakka

(melon),

Weary,

ax*,

khasta.

hindooaneh.
mdj.

Weasel, *,^-U mdsooreh.

Wave,

--^o

Weather,

1_>*

haw a.

moom. Wax, Way, ]; raTi. Weak, jj J kam zoor ;

hoovat ;
^J> t *

Weave,

v.,

ja\> bdftan.

Web,jy

toor.

oy ^

bee

zdeef.

Wealth,

cJj.j dowlat.

Wedge, tjfgo-eh ; 156 gdveh. Weed, ijj* v-ilt 'alaf harzeh. Week, km, hafteh.

VOCABULABY.
Weep, v., !>f*fgaryeh kardan. Weigh, v., s^kasheedan ; &*/oJ3 vuzn kardan ; f oV kapdn
kardan.
Well-natured,
,3'*

22.')

Well-wisher, *ljj^

u->* fclWA khulk, khayr khdh.

Weight,

)3

vuzn.
are), inter., ^.x>\

Welcome (you
Welfare,

West, M/* mughreb. Wet, adj.,j> tur. Wet, v., o^jO * wr kardan. What, **. c/ie7i.

khosh amddeed.
yj**-^.

Whatever,

**/

harcheh.

behboodee.
s.,

Wheat,

(.xT'^aiidooHi.

Well

(cistern),

U-

chdh.

Well

(in health), adj.,

J>y khosh
eti neefc.

Wheel, /* churkh. When, J'kay.

(_j>3>-

khoob.
fcTiosfc
;

Well, adv., ,jij&

Whence, V ;1 az fctt/fl. Whenever, *3^y ha/r vukt

Where, \*fkuja
;

keh.

Well-bred, vrf* najeeb.

koo.

Well done

^./l dfareen.

Whereas, gj$ choon.

226
Wherefore,
I

VOCABULARY.
J^3

lehazd

&$=*

jl

dz

Whirlwind, jW^I loolehbdd.

Whisper,
s., l^si

dnjahat. Wherever, U? > hur

7utr jd-i-keh.

nujvd.

Tcujd

t& U. y*

Whisper,
guftan.

v., cpS^

J^^ $

too goosh

Whet, v., Whether,

*Jsi
\A

teez

kardan.

Whistle,
Whistle,

s., o_j-

soot.

dyd.

v., ^.sj

ojw

soot zadan.

Whetstone,

uL

sU- sang

sab.

White, Mw safeed.

Whey

(curds,

&c), cj^

>\

db-oo-

White

ant, <ul^*
*te

mooryaneh.
<^\jJu,

doogh. Which, *\ST

as:!

White-lead,

sefeedab-i-

kuddm
;

(that which),
keh.

kal'e.

dncheh

aSol a?i

Whiteness,

^jJJ>~t

safeedee.

Whichever,

-1

j5^.

hur kudam.

Whither, \J kujd.

Whine,

v.,

^jJU naleedan.

Who, kee.
Whole, -Uj tamdm;
\-~s-

Whirlpool, i->^f girddb.

bee 'ayb.

VOCABTJLAET.

227
;

Wholesome^L
Whom,

sazegdr ; ^\jndfe'.
a bekee.

Wife, c ) zun

*+j) zdjeh.

Wholly, UUj tamdmdn.

\j^keerd; (to), Whosoever, S'jt liar Jceh.

Wild, J^-s
Wile,
;

vafishee.

dLa. heeleli.

Why, 1^
i*.

chird

a*

berai die

Wilful,

l5^^>!,

Tchudra'ee.

l# bejaheti die.

Will,
xe\>

s.,

murdd;

(testament),

Wick, J~9 fateel. Wicked, Jo bad ; jj/. sheroor. Wickedness, ojl/i sherdrat. Wicker, o^- sabat. 'areez ; Wj pahnd. Wide,

^~<>) vaseeat ndmeh. Will, v., er-'^ khastan. Willing, ^\j razee ; (volens nolens),
sly: s)y
1

u^
r.,

ing),
dill

Jjk

bekhdh nekhah; (God will^. J* khodd bekhdhad ;

1

Widen,

hardan. :>fj.f- 'areez

beeveh.
J>j- arz.

*l3l insJia'

allah.

Widow,

s_)jo

Willingness,

ooU,
beed.

rezayat.

Width, J\iy pahnaee;

Willow,

Ju->

228

VOCABTTLAEY.
Wisdom,^ytJ. s/ie'oor; jKcafcZ; u&lo ddnesh.
;

Win, v., j> burdan. Wind, s., ^U bad. Wind, v., oJ^i peecheedan
watch),

(a

Wise, J?W
jo*J|.j

Tcdbil

jy&

l>

b# s/ie'oor;
Jac
t_-*L>

^6jTkook

kardan.

daneshmund ;

Windfall, ^b Ijo. khodd dad. Window, gjM panjareh.

Wisely, aj^jU 'dkelaneh.

Wine,

tjl/j
Jl> v.,

sherdb.

Wish,

s., (jtikl^i.

Tchahesh.

Wing, Wink,

bdl; -U* jenahh.

tj

**j> j^a.

cheshm bar

Wish, Wit,

v.,

Juwkj^i. Ichdheshmund.

zadan; (wink at, connive), cheshm poosheedan ; ^ju-ijj *

$J~ ^j>\+s\

hum

JWith, l &a. Withdraw, .,

Wither,

shookh.

^^T jl?

ighmaz

Icardan.

(retire), C^~^J
v.,
;

_-Sc'afca&

&#z giriftan ; neshestan.

Winter, ^Isj zemestdn.

Wire,
*~- seem.

^J^

s^ )>

pezh murdeh

shudan

^J^ii. khiishkeedcm.

VOCABULARY.
Within, j* dur;j>\ andur.
Woollen, iJ~-i pushmee. Word, aJT kilemeh;
word),
<**

229

Without,
beyroon.

bee;

(outside),

^.

U
Jy

lufz

(by

^kilemeh be kilemeh;

Withstand, v.,
Icardan.

*fJ^*^~>\ istddegee

d\ (of God),

^kildm ullah;
^sib
K>
fcol

(to

Witness, J^^> shdhed.

keep ddshtan.

one's)

negdh

Wolf, tifgurg. Woman, OJ zun.

Wonder,
Wonder,

s.,

u^ 'ajab.

Wovk,jVkdr. Work, ., sfJ(kdr kardan. Workman, A*e amaleh ; &a fa-'aleh.

World,

s-^" ta'ajub Icardan. Wood, mj* choob; (firewood), ,> heezoom; a** heemeh ; (forest),
v.,

ejWM^i
(.jT

^ dUm; ^

dunya.
Worldly, ^jj* dunyavee. kirm. Worm,

J3ca.

jungul.

Wool, f^i 'puslim.

Wormwood, a*i~i\

afsantine.

230

VOCABULARY.
; *<x->ji poo(worn out), J**!-* mus-

Worn, u-?^ malbooss

sheedeh
ta'mil
; ;

Wound, Wound,
Wrap,

s.,

j^j

zakhm.
*ij

v.,

^^T

zakhm kardan.

LliLiI

iskat.

v.,

^J^ peecheedan.

Worship,
Worship,

s.,

o^l-^

ebadet

v \J^~>y

perestesh.
v., &<*~~>jj

peresteedan.

Wrapper, asU) lefafeh ; -*=*? bukcheh. Wrath, t-jac ghuzab. Wreath, s^. chunbareh.
Wrestle,
v.,

Worshipper
parast;

(of fire),

c=~^

ySJ'1

ates/i
L_)

^r\-J^kushti kardan.
cheen.

(of the sun),

~y,

Wretch, ^-C- mws&een.

a/iab parast.

Wring,

v.,

^^iil dfshurdan.

Worth, cx-5 Icaymat; Ji^l arzesh. Worthless, o-j j)ust ; oo-S ^ 6ee

Wrinkle,

(^

kaymat ; jj ^-? free khud. Worthy, jljlj- sezavar ; JjV ~* mustahak. js

:u

Wrist, ^o much. Write, v., &&y

cr
i-i,b

nevishtan;
;

*fj*
j-ij-

Zayifc

markoom ddshtan
kardan.

0&$

tah/re&r

VOCABTJLAEY.
nevishteh; Writing, kum, ; jtj* tahreer.

231
sal be sal. year), JI-? J^~

^y
,

f,

ruk-

Year (by
Yellow,
Yes,

Wrong, Wrong,

s.

v.

nahakk. -& zulm ; zulm kardan. *f

',JJ*

} s>y

zurd.
;

beZZi

^? beZZift

gj|l

r -

Yesterday, jjji* dierooz.

Yet, Cl

nahakk. Wrongfully, j^i

am-ma;

jQ
**,j

laykin.
3110 fc*.

Wrought,

<ul->

sakhteh.

Yoke Yolk
You,

(for oxen),

o*

(of an egg),
U-ii

zurdeh.

Y.
Yard, s,3 zw'e.

shumd.

Yawn, s., Yawn, t'.,

Year,

^WsZ.

khamyazeh. aair*jW khamyazeh c)

Young, tflja. iavort. Youth, J\j javuni.

Z.
Zeal,

kesheedan.

JU

c^i ghayrat;
oj-fclj

Yearly, ajUL. salyaneh.

Zealous,

baghayrat.

232
Zephyr,
Zest,
*j*

YOCABIILAET.
*~~i

naseem.

Zinc, jj roohh.

muzzeh.

Zigzag, J*3

^peeclx valchem.

Zodiac, -y? s3j\j* doazdeh burj. Zone, sj>\i dayereh.

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& Rivington, Limited,

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John's Square, E.C.