Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Contraception
Contraception
Hormonal
Barrier
◦ Spermicides
Long-Term /
Permanent
Predicting fertility: Basal Body
Temperature & Calendar method
Withdrawal/Pullout
Abstinence**
◦ The only 100% effective way to
prevent pregnancy, STIs, HIV/AIDS
What? lowest temp What? Predicting
of the body at rest fertility based on
menstrual cycles
How? Ovulation
raises body temp ½ How? Women chart
- 1 degree F, and previous menstrual
temp will drop if cycles to predict the
fertilization does days they are fertile
not occur and infertile
What? The man takes his penis out
of the vagina before he ejaculates
How? Male needs to ejaculate away from
female; sperm on legs and labia can still
travel into vagina
Notes: Depends on a male’s self knowledge
and self control
Access: Free, available to anyone
Effectiveness: 78-96%
The Pill
The Patch These methods add
chemicals similar to
Vaginal Ring hormones to stop the
The Shot release of an egg and
weaken the sperm.
Implant
The hormones change
IUD your cervical mucus
Emergency Contraception and uterine
lining, slow
sperm, and reduce
ability of fertilized
egg to implant into
uterine wall.
What? A pill taken orally every day
at about the same time
Notes: There are many different brands. Your
doctor can help you find the right one for you.
Cervical cap
Spermicides
What? A thin covering that you unroll over an erect
penis. Made of latex, polyurethane, or animal
membrane (don’t protect against STIs).
How? Put on before any genital contact. At
withdrawal, hold the rim in place at the base of
the penis so it doesn’t slip off.
Notes: May decrease the sensation for men.
Lubrication makes condom less likely to break.
Access: Easy to buy in a store or online.
Inexpensive. Usually offered for free at a health
clinic.
Effectiveness: 82-98%
What? A soft, loose pouch that is inserted in the
vagina. Flexible rings at each end hold it in
place. Can be put in up to 8 hours before sex.
How? Insert the small ring in vagina, large ring
stays outside partially covering labia.
Notes: Can be used if you are allergic to latex
(made of nitrile). Men usually feel no reduction
in sensation.
Access: Available at many
pharmacies, clinics, and online
Effectiveness: 79-95%
What? A soft, silicone dome What? A soft, silicone cup holding
that covers the cervix w/ a spermicide designed to fit over the
flexible rim that holds
spermicide cervix
How? Put a tbsp of How? Put a tsp of spermicide in
spermicide in and slide it into cap and slide it into the vagina.
the vagina. Protection lasts 2 Protects for 42 hours, needs to stay
hours, and needs to be left in
for 6 hours after sex in at least 6 hours after sex
Notes: Neither partners Notes: Neither partners should feel
should feel the diaphragm. the cap. Less effective if you’ve
Get re-fitted if you gain/lose given birth.
15 pounds
Access: Doctor/clinic visit needed
Access: Doctor/clinic visit
needed for prescription and for prescription and fitting
fitting Effectiveness: 77%%
Effectiveness: 82-94%
What?Chemicals that go in
the vagina before sex.
Cream Immobilize or kills sperm.
Gel Most work for 1
hour, sponge for 24 hours
Foam
How? Put in vagina following
Film packaging directions. Most
Suppository need to be put in 10
Sponge minutes before intercourse.
Notes:Key ingredient is
Nonoxynol9. Neither
partner should notice
spermicide.
Access:Easy to buy in a
pharmacy
Effectiveness: 72-91%
Female- Tubal ligation
Male- Vasectomy