Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Salug III District
SALUG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Salug, Zamboanga del Norte

Name of Learner: ________________________________________ Grade Level: 9

Section: Date:
BASIC CONCEPTS OF ELECTRONIC/ ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
Quarter 3-Week 6
ELECTRICAL THEORY DC CURRENT
Direct Current or DC is the first type of current because it was easy to
produce. This type of current always flows in one direction. One of the
disadvantages of using DC is the excessive voltage drop and power loss in the power
lines in a long -distance transmission. Batteries are common sources of direct
current.
AC CURRENT
Alternating Current or AC is the solution to the problem of DC. AC allows
current to flow in two directions. Today, it is possible to step up electricity, a power
station transmitted to any distance place and step down for consumption. A
transformer is the device used for stepping up or stepping down of AC voltage.
Common sources of AC are found in our AC outlet. Typically, the Philippines
has a regular voltage of 220 volts.
COMPONENTS OF A SIMPLE CIRCUIT
A Simple circuit contains the minimum things needed to have a functioning electric
circuit. A simple circuit requires the following:

1. AC/DC source
 Equipment that will operate on either an AC or DC
power source.
2. FUSE
a. Fuse is a safety device used to protect an electrical
circuit from the effect of excessive current. If the
current in the circuit exceed a predetermined value, the
fusible metal will melt and thus break, or open the
circuit.

3. WIRES AND CABLE

A wire is a single slender rod or filament of drawn metal. This definition restricts the term to
what would ordinarily be understood as solid wire. The word “slender” is used because the
length of a wire is usually large when compared to its diameter.
A conductor is a substance in which electrical charge carriers, usually electrons, move easily
from atom to atom with the application of voltage. ( Margaret Rouse)
4. SWITCH
It is a device used to break an electric current or transfer it to another
conductor. Switches are commonly used to open or close a circuit. Closed
is the
ON position, while open is OFF position.
5. LOAD
A source drives a load. Whatever component or piece of equipment is
connected to a source and draws current from a source is a load on that source. The following
are examples but not limited to:
a. Bulb
b. Appliances
Classifications of Electronic Component
Passive devices ‐A Passive Device is one that contributes no power gain (amplification) to a
circuit or system. It has no control action and does not require any input other than a signal
to perform its function. In other words, "A component with no brains!" Examples are
Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors

RESISTOR
This is the most common component in electronics. It is used mainly to
control current and voltage within the circuit. You can identify a simple
resistor by its simple cigar shape with a wire lead coming out of each end.
It uses a system of color-coded bands to identify the value of the
component (measured in Ohms).
CAPACITOR
Capacitors, or "caps", vary in size and shape from a small surface mount
model up to a huge electric motor cap the size of paint can. Whatever the size
or shape, the purpose is the same. It stores electrical energy in the form of
electrostatic charge.

It is charged with a magnetic field and when that

INDUCTORS field collapses it produces currents in the opposite
direction. Inductors are used in Alternating Current
circuits to oppose changes in the existing current.

Active Devices are components that are capable of controlling voltages or currents and can
create a switching action in the circuit. In other words, "Devices with smarts!" Examples are
Diodes, Transistors and Integrated circuits.

DIODES
Diodes are basically a one- way valve for electrical current. They let it flow in one direction
(from positive to negative) and not in the other direction

LEDs are simply diodes that emit light of one form or another. They are used as indicator
devices. Example: LED lite equals machine on. They come in several sizes and colors.
Some Infrared Light which cannot be seen by the human eye.

The transistor is possibly the most important invention of this decade. It performs two basic
functions. 1) It acts as a switch turning current on and off. 2) It acts as an amplifier. This makes
an output signal that is a magnified version of the input signal.

Integrated Circuits, or ICs, are complex circuits inside one simple package. Silicon and
metals are used to simulate resistors, capacitors, transistors, etc. It is a space saving miracle.

ELECTRONIC SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS

Wires and connections
Component Circuit Symbol Function of Component
Wire To pass current very easily from on
a part of a circuit to another

A 'blob' should be drawn where wires are

. connected (joined), but it is sometimes
Wires joined omitted. Wires connected at 'crossroads'
should be staggered slightly to form two T--j,
as shown on the right.

In complex diagrams it is often necessary to

draw wires crossing even though they are not
Wires not joined connected. I prefer the 'bridge' symbol shown
on the right because the simple crossing on
the left may be misread as a joint where you
have forgotten to add a 'blob'!

ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Identify each symbol and write their names on the second column.
 Symbol Symbol Name

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

ACTIVITY 2
Essay
Directions: Read the question below and write your answer in a sheet of paper. See rubrics below for
the rating system of your essay.

What is the importance of learning the electrical theory and symbols in the field of Computer Systems
Servicing?

Scoring Rubrics for Activity 2

Criteria Percentage

Content 70%
Grammar 20%
Use of punctuation marks 10%
REFERENCES:
1. K TO 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module by
Ronaldo V. Ramilo, Deover M. Pasco
2. https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/conductor
3. https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/conductor
4. https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc/all?print=1#direct-
current-dc
Prepared by

LUCIEL A. TUYAC
Name of Writer/09363481757
 Checked by:

EDWARD G. GALON
TLE-Department Head

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times. Please include this in All Learning Activity Sheets.