TAKUNDA CALEB MTWAYO

R2115826J

LECTURER: MRS TSHUMA

TITLE: POLLUTION ABATEMENT IN GLASS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

Pollution abatement can be defined as the terminology applied or measurements taken to minimize
pollution and its impacts on the environment. In the glass manufacturing industry, glass is made by
melting together several minerals at high temperatures. Over 50% of the emissions to air in glass
manufacture arise from the melting furnaces. The principal measures to air are combustion gases from
energy generation involving carbon dioxide, dust, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxides, halide and metals
present as impurities in the raw materials. Other emissions include acid vapors from etching and
cleaning airborne glass filaments and greenhouse gases from the deposition of gases.

The energy used in furnaces are from fossil fuels to melt the raw materials. Minimizing the heat
recovery and supplement energy usage minimization can be used to reduce the concentration of
greenhouse gases. Energy consumption can be a result of the impact of furnaces. Recycled glass requires
less energy to melt unprocessed raw materials. However less emissions and greenhouses are produced
in the recycling of glass manufacturing.

Development of new technology such as catalytic converters and highly operating practices can be
reductant factors in the production of greenhouse gases and carbon monoxide due to incomplete
combustion. So the introduction of green fuels, oxygen allowance mechanisms can be an effective
solution to the emission of greenhouse gases.

The government must implement policies and effective analytical chemical standards to manage the risk
of environment damage due to toxic matter deposited from the production of chemical materials.
Chemical risk to the livelihood of humans can be contained by enforcing the use of Material Safety
Datasheets that contain the required information of storage and destruction of waste material. In a
chemical industry, chemists must maintain a robust hygienic work space to limit spillages of hazardous
material. There should be private chemical quality control boards to maintain standards in the chemical
industries for example ICAZ in the pharmaceutical industries.

One of the main chemical industrial hazards is the deposition of waste water. So environmental
management facilities should set regulations that compel the chemical industries to abide to limit the
chemical waste from endangering the animals, humans and plants from poison and extinction. There
should be designated drainages set in place to reduce the discharge of harmful chemical waste to the
surroundings.

Fabric filtration is also used to control the emission of poisonous material. These filters facilitate in the
catalysis of nitrogen and sulphur oxides responsible for the pollution of the atmosphere. This can be a
redundant factor in the formation of acid rain which is a serious environmental hazard.

Glass manufacturing industries should set a systems development analysis life cycle which identifies the
chemical hazard, evaluate the maintenance costs and benefits and test the solutions to assess the
effectiveness of chemical hazard reduction in order to maintain the a good standard of living and
influence decisions taken during the production of chemicals.
Chemical industries should be located in remote place to minimize the chemical exposure of radioactive
materials to human, plant and aquatic life. Also the remote setting of chemical industries can help in
limiting noise pollution to the human, plant and animal livelihood.

Preventing heat losses in the chemical industries through use of insulated materials and flue gas
desulphurization can help reduce the emission of acidic gases that threaten inorganic, organic and
biochemical organisms. So the chemical industries can introduce hydrofluorocarbons in propellants so to
reduce the hazards of ozone layer depletion. Therefore the risk of skin cancer and skin burns can be
minimized.

REFRENCES

 BRADLEY D FAHLMAN.MATERIALS CHEMISITRY EDITION.SPRINGER PUBLISHER.MT PLEASANT,

M.I, U.S.A.2011.
 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL OF THE U.S GLASS INDUSTRIES ENERGETICS. VIRGINIA.
NOVEMBER 2004.