Surigao State College of Technology

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Graduate School, Surigao City

CHOCO- MORINGA MUFFINS

_______________

A Research Proposal

Presented to

The Graduate School of

Surigao State College of Technology

Surigao City

________________

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements for the Degree of

Master in Industrial Education Major in Food Technology

by:

MA.FE L. BIBERA
MIE- Food Technology

to:

JAMES M. DUMAGUIT RME, PhD

Subject Professor
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Graduate School, Surigao City

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION.

Moringa oleifera tree is also known as a miracle tree because of its rich

source of certain macro and micro nutrients which are of great importance in human

nutrition. (Oyeyinka, & Oyeyinka, 2018). M. oleifera is rich in proteins, vitamin A,

minerals, essential amino acids, antioxidants, and flavonoids, also as

isothiocyanates. (Kou, et al., 2018). Moringa is additionally considered as a remedy

to fight malnutrition. It possesses many pharmacological properties like anti-cancer,

anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. (Ma, Z. F., et al., 2020). it's also rich

in iron and other essential nutrients necessary for iron metabolism that reducing

anemia among children below 2 years (Shija, A. E., et al., 2019).

This study aimed to produce a healthy and nutritious muffins using choco

powder and moringa oleifera as the main ingredients. The researcher topped the

muffins with cashew and walnuts to enhance its flavor and for the kids specially the

vegetable hater to be enticed.

The author come up with this idea during the pandemic time in order to help

every individual specially the low-income people to intake vitamins by eating this

nutritious muffins in order to boost their immune system and to get rid of this deadly

virus without spending huge amount of money.

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Graduate School, Surigao City

Statement of the Problem

This study will be conducted to address the following:

 Produce a muffin using dark chocolate and moringa powder as the main

ingredients.

 Measure the nutritive value of a choco-moringa muffin.

 Determine the response from a random respondent after eating the muffin.

The researcher wishes to determine the effectivity of choco-moringa muffins

compared to the traditional muffins that we usually eat by identifying the health

benefits we can get from it.

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Graduate School, Surigao City

II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

Moringa is commonly farmed around the world because it can resist both

severe drought and moderate winter. It is often called the drumstick tree, the miracle

tree, the ben oil tree, or the horseradish tree. It has been used for centuries due to

its medicinal properties and health benefits. It also has anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-

depressant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Moringa includes a chemical called Zeatin that has anti-aging properties.

which cytokinin’s are found in nature it has a lot of power. It has anti-cancer

properties, particularly for prostate and skin cancers as well as anti-tumor.

Moringa oleifera is a multi-purpose herbal plant that is utilized as a human

food and a therapeutic alternative all over the world. Researchers have recognized it

as a plant with a variety of health benefits, including nutritional and therapeutic

properties.

Nutritive Properties:

Moringa has a variety of nutrients that are necessary for human growth and

development, including calcium, which is one of the most important elements for

human growth. While 8 ounces of milk contains 300–400 mg of moringa, moringa

leaves have 1000 mg, and moringa powder contains around 4000 mg. Moringa

powder can be used as a replacement for iron supplements, and thus as an anemia

treatment. Beef contains only 2 mg of iron, but moringa leaf powder contains 28 mg.
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Graduate School, Surigao City

Moringa oleifera contains more iron than spinach.   Zinc is required for sperm

cell proliferation and DNA and RNA production, thus it's important to get enough of it

in your diet. The zinc content of oleifera leaves is roughly 25.5–31.03 mg/kg, which

matches the daily zinc requirement in the diet.

Anti-ulcer properties:

Moringa oleifera has also been studied for its anti-ulcer properties. There has

been research that show that the extract of leaves has medicinal properties. Moringa

oleifera leaves and fruits have the capacity to cure chronic wounds.

Antioxidant Activity

The presence Moringa's morphological components, such as the seed coat

and seed of cotyledon, stem bark, and root bark is well documented. antibacterial

properties. Several studies on antioxidants have been conducted. Moringa oleifera

leaves and flowers have a lot of activity. been carried out, and the outcomes are

compared to those of specific fruits and veggies (cabbage, spinach, broccoli,

cauliflower and peas).Pakade et al., Pakade et al., Pakade et al

The total phenolic content was measured by (TPC) TFC of dry Moringa leaf

and total flavonoid content samples and discovered that the TPC was nearly twice as

high as that of the Moringa samples to the vegetables that were chosen, The TFC, on

the other hand, was almost three times higher than those of veggies that have been

chosen. It may be stated that Moringa is a beneficial plant. showed more antioxidant

activity than the chosen veggies.

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Graduate School, Surigao City

Dark Chocolate:

Chocolate has a long history as a food. In a very different way, form as

opposed to the one consumed by modern people, Mesoamerica was the birthplace

of chocolate.

Cocoa solids are a compound of chocolate production, formed after extracting

coconut butter from coconut beans. The solid cork, otherwise known as cocoa

powder, gives a darker color to DC (9). In recent times the food industry has

produced three types of chocolate: (a) DC, prepared mainly from cocoa beans (up to

80% of total weight) by adding coconut butter; (b) milk chocolate, high in fat milk with

added sugar and low amounts of cocoa bean solids (<10% of total weight); and (c)

white based on cocoa butter, milk, and sugar with no cocoa solids

Chocolate is known for its ability to increase sexual appetite, fertility, and

sperm count as well as longevity. Linnaeus was persuaded by its efficacy.

In 1737, the cocoa tree was given the name Theobroma (Food of God). Other

positive effects were "discovered" over time by Doctors and chefs alike. The range of

advantages described that cocoa has been used for everything from calming

agitation  to improving energy, treating angina and asthma, lowering cancer risk,

curing emaciation, relieving pain  and fever reduction. It does not come as a surprise

that modern medicine did not agree with many of these claims and needed evidence.
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Graduate School, Surigao City

Today, chocolate and cocoa consumption varies among countries, but in

some areas, these products are the main contributors to the intake of antioxidants.

Dark chocolate contains many biologically active components from cocoa,

such as catechins, procyanidins, and theobromine, as well as sucrose and lipids. All

of these can have an impact on the cardiovascular system, either directly or

indirectly, through a variety of mechanisms. Cocoa appears to improve blood

pressure, platelet aggregation, and endothelial function in studies on healthy and

metabolically dysfunctional volunteers. 

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Graduate School, Surigao City
VII. Methodology
Research Design

This choco-moringa muffin is a dessert mainly uses experimental method. It

undergo series of experimental trials that extent to enhance its taste and to make it

more delicious and enticing for the children to eat specially those who hated to eat

vegetables.

Locale of the Study

The study was conducted at Brgy. Upper Patag, Sison, Surigao del Norte

Respondents of the Study

There are 30 individuals considered as the respondents of the study. (10)

selected teachers, (10) selected parent and (10) selected students as tester for the

choco-moringa muffins.

Research Instrument

The researchers used a scorecard for the acceptability test in this study that

served as a guide of the respondents ‘evaluation process. The evaluation used the

following indicators; texture, appearance, aroma, color and general acceptability.

Each indicator has a scale of 1-5. 1 is for not acceptable, 2 is for slightly acceptable,

3 is for acceptable, 4 is for highly acceptable, 5 is for extremely acceptable.

Choco-Moringa Muffins
 Choco Moringa
Traditional Muffins topped
chocolate muffin with cashew and
walnuts
Surigao State College of Technology
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Graduate School, Surigao City

Nutritional Composition

Moisture
Protein
Fat
Fiber
Calcium
Zinc
Iron
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Graduate School, Surigao City
Research Instrument

The researchers used a scorecard for the acceptability test in this study that

served as a guide of the respondents ‘evaluation process. The evaluation used the

following indicators; texture, appearance, aroma, color and general acceptability.

Each indicator has a scale of 1-5. 1 is for not acceptable, 2 is for slightly acceptable,

3 is for acceptable, 4 is for highly acceptable, 5 is for extremely acceptable.

Measurement of Variables

To measure the variables, the criteria below were used:

Ranges Scale Interpretation

4.21-5.00 5 Extremely Acceptable

3.41-4.20 4 Highly Acceptable

2.41-3.40 3 Acceptable

1.81-2.40 2 Slightly Acceptable

1.00-1.80 1 Not Acceptable

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Graduate School, Surigao City
Data Analysis

The data that were gathered and tallied in order to derive the frequency and

mean ratings for each of the variables considered in this study. The mean ratings

were interpreted using the 5 point Likert scale namely: 5- extremely acceptable, 4-

highly acceptable, 3- acceptable, 2- slightly acceptable, and 1- not acceptable.

VIII. References
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Graduate School, Surigao City
1. Sahay, S., Yadav, U., & Srinivasamurthy, S. (2017). Potential of Moringa oleifera as a

functional food ingredient: A review. Magnesium (g/kg), 8(9.06), 4-90.

2. Stohs, S. J., & Hartman, M. J. (2015). Review of the safety and efficacy of Moringa

oleifera. Phytotherapy Research, 29(6), 796-804.

3. Falowo, A. B., Mukumbo, F. E., Idamokoro, E. M., Lorenzo, J. M., Afolayan, A. J., &

Muchenje, V. (2018). Multi-functional application of Moringa oleifera Lam. in nutrition and

animal food products: A review. Food research international, 106, 317-334.

4. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine Volume 10, Issue 7, July 2017, Pages 621-630

5. Cardoso, R. V., Fernandes, Â., Gonzaléz-Paramás, A. M., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. (2019).

Flour fortification for nutritional and health improvement: A review. Food Research

International, 125, 108576.

6. Abdull Razis, A. F., Ibrahim, M. D., & Kntayya, S. B. (2014). Health benefits of Moringa

oleifera. Asian pacific journal of cancer prevention, 15(20), 8571-8576.

7. Olusanya, R. N., Kolanisi, U., Van Onselen, A., Ngobese, N. Z., & Siwela, M. (2020). Nutritional

composition and consumer acceptability of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP)-supplemented

mahewu. South African Journal of Botany, 129, 175-180.

8. Petyaev, I. M., & Bashmakov, Y. K. (2017). Dark chocolate: opportunity for an alliance between

medical science and the food industry?. Frontiers in nutrition, 4, 43.

9. Kerimi, A., & Williamson, G. (2015). The cardiovascular benefits of dark chocolate. Vascular

pharmacology, 71, 11-15.
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IX. Appendices

Appendix A

PLAN OF ACTIVITIES USING GANTT CHART

Task Name Duration Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Planning 3 days

Research 3 days

Preparation 2 days

Market Survey 2 days

Purchase of the 2 day

raw materials

and tools

Development 2 day

Testing and 1 day

Documentation
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Appendix B
LINE ITEM BUDGET

Costing I Costing II Costing III

1kg taro root 1kg taro root 1kg taro root
₱50.00 ₱50.00 ₱50.00
Butter
₱45.00
2 can 2 can 2 can
354ml Evaporated 410ml Evaporated milk 410ml Evaporated milk
milk ₱70.00 ₱70.00
₱70.00
2can 2can 2can
397g Condensed Milk 350ml Condensed Milk 350ml Condensed Milk
₱70.00 ₱70.00 ₱70.00
½ tsp Vanilla ½ tsp Vanilla
₱5.00 ₱5.00
12 eggs 12 eggs 12 eggs
₱96.00 ₱96.00 ₱96.00
½ kg Sugar
₱30.00
1 tsp. cream of tartar
₱10.00
Total Cost: ₱289.00 ₱204.00 ₱199.00
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Graduate School, Surigao City

Appendix C
WORK AND FINANCIAL PLAN

Research Title: TARO FLOATING ISLAND

Research Duration: 4 days
Quantity Unit Description/ Unit Price Total
Item
1 kg Taro Root ₱50.00 ₱50.00
2 397g Condensed Milk ₱35.00 ₱70.00
2 354ml Evaporated Milk ₱35.00 ₱70.00
1 pc Butter ₱45.00 ₱45.00
1 Bot. Vanilla ₱35.00 ₱35.00
12 pc Egg ₱8.00 ₱96.00
1 ½ grams Sugar ₱30.00 ₱30.00
1 pack Cream of Tartar ₱10.00 ₱10.00
₱406.00

₱80.00 SRP per tub

Expenses: ₱406.00

10 tubs x ₱80.00 = ₱800.00

Cost of Goods sold ₱800.00

Less: Expenses ₱406.00

Net Income ₱394.00

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Net Income X 7 days

₱394.00 X 7 days = ₱2,758.00

Net Income: ₱2,758.00

Appendix D
RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

Research Instrument

The researchers used a scorecard for the acceptability test in this study that

served as a guide of the respondents ‘evaluation process. The evaluation used the

following indicators; appearance, texture, aroma, color and general acceptability.

Each indicator has a scale of 1-5. 1 is for not acceptable, 2 is for slightly acceptable,

3 is for acceptable, 4 is for highly acceptable, 5 is for extremely acceptable.

Informed Consent

Letter for the Campus Administrator

Surigao State College of Technology
Surigao City

Sept 16, 2021

Dr. Georgito S. Posesano

Graduate School, Dean
SSCT Campus
Surigao City

Sir;
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Graduate School, Surigao City
I would like to ask permission from your good office to conduct a study entitled Taro
Floating Island. The output of the study will be submitted to the Research Office of
this Institution.

I am anticipating a favorable action on this request.

Respectfully yours,

GENELYN C. VIRTUDAZO
Researcher