73. For same output, same speed and same 1.2VS + VS 2.

2VS
compression ratio, the thermal efficiency of a = =
15 15
two stroke cycle petrol engine as compared to
that for four stroke cycle petrol engine is 2.2VS
V3
(a) more Cut-off ratio (ρ) = = 15
(b) less V2 VS
(c) same as long as compression ratio is same 15
(d) same as long as output is same 2.2VS 15
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2 ×
15 VS
Ans. (b) : The thermal efficiency of two stroke petrol
engine as compared to that of a four-stroke petrol cut − off ratio = ( ρ ) = 2.2
engine for same output, same speed and same
compression ratio is less. 76. The crank radius of a single cylinder IC engine
74. Most of the high-speed compression engine is 60 mm and the diameter of the cylinder is 80
operate on mm. The swept volume of the cylinder in cm3 is :
(a) Diesel engine (a) 48 (b) 96
(c) 301 (d) 603
(b) Otto cycle
(c) dual combustion cycle UP Jal Nigam AE 2016
(d) special type of air cycle Ans. (d) : Given,
BPSC AE 2012 Paper - V Diameter of cylinder (D) = 80 mm = 8 cm
TNPSC AE 2014 Radius of crank (r) = 60 mm = 6 cm
Ans : (c) : Most of the high speed compression engine ∴ Length of stroke (L) = 2r = 12 cm
operates on dual combustion cycle. Sewpt volume of the cylinder,
π π
VS = D2 L = × ( 8 ) × 12
75. An IC engine works with a compression ratio 2
of 16. If cut off happens at 8% of the stroke, 4 4
then the cut-off ratio of this engine is : VS = 603.18 cm3
(a) 1.2 (b) 2.2
(c) 4.2 (d) 3.2 2. SI and CI Engines
BHEL ET 2019
Ans. (b) : Given - 77. For same power and same speed, the flywheel of
Compression ratio = r = 6 a four-stroke engine as compared to two-stroke
cut-off ratio (ρ) = 8% of stroke I.C. engine will be :
8 (a) smaller
( V3 − V2 ) = × VS (b) bigger
100 (c) same size
(d) dependent on other engine parameters
(HPPSC AE 2014)
Ans : (b) Four-stroke Engine Two-stroke Engine
(i) Turning moment is not so (i)Turning moment is
uniform and hence a heavier more uniform and
flywheel is needed hence a lighter
flywheel can be
used.
(ii) Higher volumetric efficiency (ii)Lower volumetric
V3 – V2 = 0.08 Vs due to more time for mixture efficiency. due to
V3 = 0.08 Vs + V2 ...(1) intake lesser time for
Vc + Vs mixture intake
compression ratio r = 16 = (iii) Part load efficiency (iii)Part load efficiency
Vc
is better is poor.
16 Vc = Vc + Vs
(iv) Four- stroke engine (iv)Two- Stroke engines
15 Vc = Vs
haves valves and valve have no valve but
Vs mechanism only ports.
Vc =
15 (v) one power stroke in two (v) One power stroke in
[∵ Vc = V2 ] revolutions lesser cooling one revolution of
crank shaft.
V
V2 = S and lubrication requirement lower Greater cooling and
15 rate of wear and tear. lubrication
From equation (1) requirement. Higher
VS rate of wear and
V3 = 0.08VS + tear.
15
135
78. Consider the following statements:
Combustion chamber is
(1) the volume between TDC and BDC during
the combustion process.
(2) the space enclosed between the upper part of
the cylinder and the top of the piston during
the combustion process
(3) the space enclosed between TDC and the top
of the piston during the combustion process
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
ESE 2019
Ans. (b) : A combustion chamber is that part of an
internal combustion engine or a reaction engine in
which the fuel/air mix is burned.
It is the space enclosed between the upper part of the
cylinder and the top of the piston during the combustion
process.
79. Scavenging air in diesel engine means:
(a) Air used for combustion sent under pressure
(b) Forced air for cooling cylinder
(c) Burnt air containing product of combustion
(d) Air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine
cylinder during the exhaust period.
SJVN ET 2013
Ans.(d) : Scavenging is the process of removing the burnt
gases from the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder.
80. Which is correct for diesel power plant?
(a) No ash handling, but high operating cost
(b) Difficult to design, but low maintenance cost
(c) Low efficiency at part loads, but noise
problem
(d) All of these
SJVN ET 2013
Ans. (a) : For diesel power plant no ash handling, but
high operating cost.
81. Consider the following statements:
Detonation in the SI engine can be suppressed
by
1. Retarding the spark timing
2. increasing the engine speed
3. using 10% rich mixture
4. using a fuel of high octane rating of these
statements
(a) 1 and 3 are correct
(b) 2 and 3 are correct
(c) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
(d) 1 and 2 are correct
(e) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
CGPSC AE 2014 -II
Ans. (e) :
Detonation in the SI engine can be suppressed by
1. Retarding the spark timing
2. Increasing the engine speed
3. Using 10% rich mixture
4. Using a fuel of high octane rating of these statements
5. Reduction in compression ratio, temperature of
cylinder wall and over load on the engine.
6. Increasing turbulance in engine cylinder.
136
82. The most perfect method of scavenging is
(a) Cross scavenging
(b) Uniflow scavenging
(c) Loop scavenging
(d) Reverse flow scavenging
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (b) : The most perfect method of scavenging is
uniflow scavenging.
Uniflow scavenging is a design used by some
two-stroke engines where the fresh charge enters near
the bottom of the cylinder and the exhaust gases exit
through a vale situated at the top of the cylinder.
83. In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel
engine, the inlet valve [TDC-Top Dead Centre,
BDC-Bottom Dead Centre]
(a) Opens at 20º before TDC and closes at 35º
after BDC
(b) Opens at TDC and closes at BDC
(c) Opens at 10º after TDC and closes at 20º
before BDC
(d) remain open for 200º
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (a) : In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle
diesel engine, the inlet valve [TDC-Top Dead Centre,
BDC-Bottom Dead Centre] Opens at 20º before TDC
and closes at 35º after BDC.
84. A Gasoline engine running in a closed room is
dangerous because the exhaust gas contains
mainly
(a) Blue smoke (b) Water vapour
(c) Carbon monoxide (d) Air
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (c) : A Gasoline engine running in a closed room
is dangerous because the exhaust gas contains mainly
Carbon monoxide.
85. Petrol engines are not suitable for part-load
operation, because
(a) mechanical efficiency is poor due to
increasing internal losses at increased
throttling
(b) of fear of pre-ignition
(c) of huge knocking
(d) of increased detonation tendency
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (a) : Petrol engines are not suitable for part-load
operation, because mechanical efficiency is poor due to
increasing internal losses at increased throttling.
86. A distributor in spark ignition engines
performs the function of
(a) distributing the right quantity of fuel oil to the
desired cylinder
(b) distributing the air requirement appropriately
(c) adding additives to fuel oil
(d) providing the correct firing order in the
engine
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (d) : A distributor in spark ignition engines
performs the function of providing the correct firing
order in the engine.
87. Engine knock can be measured by using Ans : (a) If diesel is fed into petrol engine then the
(a) Combustion pressure sensor engine will not run.
(b) Mechanical vibration sensor 92. Lean mixture in an automobile is required
(c) Ion current measurement
during :
(d) All the above
(a) Idling (b) Starting
TNPSC AE 2017
(c) Accelerating (d) Cruising
Ans. (d) : Engine knock can be measured by using
HPPSC W.S. Poly. 2016
A - Combustion pressure sensor
B - Mechanical vibration Ans : (d) Lean mixture in an automobile is required
C - Ion current measurement during cruising
88. In petrol engines, advancing the spark timing Operation A/F ratio
will Idling 12-12.5
(a) Decrease Cruising/normal 16- 16.5
(b) Not effect Maximum power 12-13
(c) Increase the knocking tendency Starting 3-5
(d) Unpredictable 93. In case of petrol engines, at starting
APPSC AEE 2016 (a) rich fuel-air ratio is needed
Ans. (c) : In petrol engines, advancing the spark timing (b) weak fuel-air ratio is needed
will increase the knocking tendency. (c) chemically correct fuel-air ratio is needed
89. Ignition lag is (d) any fuel-air ratio will do
(a) Time before actual fuel injection and the RPSC AE 2016
pump plunger starts to pump fuel Ans : (a) Petrol engine at starting rich fuel air ratio in
(b) Time corresponding to actual ignition needed.
(c) Time corresponding to actual injection and Operation A/F ratio
TDC Idling 12 - 12.5
(d) Time taken by fuel after injection (before Cruising 16 - 16.5
TDC) to reach up to auto ignition temperature Max power 12 - 13
APPSC AEE 2016 Starting 3-5
Ans. (d) : Ignition lag is time taken by fuel after 94. Knocking tendency in an SI engine reduces with
injection (before TDC) to reach up to auto ignition increasing
temperature. (a) Supercharging (b) Wall temperature
90. In IC engine (c) Compression ratio (d) Engine speed
1. the ideal air capacity of a two-stroke engine is (KPSC AE 2015)
the mass of air required to concurrently fill Ans : (d) Knocking tendency in an SI engine reduces
the total cylinder volume at inlet temperature with increasing engine speed.
and exhaust pressure Factor tending to reduce knocking in SI engine
2. with increase in air-fuel ratio beyond the * Self ignition temperature of fuel - High
value for maximum power, there is a fall in * Compression ratio - Low
power developed and this fall is more with * Inlet temperature and pressure - Low
higher values of air-fuel ratio. * Super charging - No
3. the volumetric efficiency of the engine * Spark advance - No
depends on the design of intake and exhaust * Flame travel distance - Small
manifold.
* Engine size - Small
Which of the above are correct?
* Engine Speed - High
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
* Octane rating - High
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
ESE 2018 95. An air-fuel ratio 8 will have
(a) chemically correct air (b) excess fuel
Ans. (d) : All statements are correct.
Volumetric efficiency indicates the breathing ability of (c) excess air (d) any of the above
the engine. RPSC AE 2016
Intake system and exhaust manifold must be designed in Ans : (b)
such a way that the engine must be able to take in as (i) A mixture which contains less air than the
much air as possible to the rate at which the volume is stoichiometric requirement is called a rich mixture
displaced by the system. (Excess fuel)
91. If diesel is fed into petrol engine then the engine Example: A/F ratio of 12:1, 8:1, 10:1 etc)
will: (ii) A mixture which contains more air than the
(a) Not run (b) Knock stoichometric requirement is called a lean mixture
(c) Detonate (d) Give lot of smoke (Excess air)
OPSC AEE 2015 PAPER - II Example: A/F ratio of 17:1, 20:1 etc)
137
96. In naturally aspirated engine, pressure inside mixture of CO2 and N2 in the mole proportion
cylinder at the end of suction stroke is of 0.8 and 0.2. The duct is 0.5 m long. The
(a) less than atmospheric diffusion of CO2 is. (Take Diffusion coefficient
(b) same as atmospheric = 0.16 × 10-4 m2/s)
(c) more than atmospheric (a) 3.43 × 10-6 kg/s (b) 2.23 × 10-6 kg/s
-6
(d) depends on atmospheric conditions (c) 3.5 × 10 kg/s (d) 3.8 × 10-6 kg/s
RPSC AE 2016 (e) 2.5 × 10-6 kg/s
Ans : (a) In naturally aspirated engine, pressure inside CGPSC AE 2014 -II
cylinder at the end of suction stroke is less then Ans. (c) 3.5 × 10-6 kg/s
atmospheric. 102. The knocking tendency in CI engine increases
97. in a four stroke cycle diesel engine during with
suction stroke (a) decrease of compression ratio
(a) only air is sucked in (b) increase in coolant water temperature
(b) only fuel is sucked in (c) increase of compression ratio
(c) mixture of fuel and air is sucked in (d) increase of temperature of inlet air
(d) first air is sucked in, later fuel is sucked in BPSC AE Mains 2017 Paper - V
TSPSC AEE 2015 TNPSC AE 2014
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2 UKPSC AE 2012 Paper–II
Ans : (a) In a four stroke cycle diesel engine during Ans : (a) : Diesel engine knock can be reduced by
suction stroke only air is sucked. increasing–
Diesel cycle:- • Compression ratio
1-2 :- Isentropic compression • Degree of supercharge
2-3:- heat addition (p = C) • Increasing the injection retard
3-4:- Isentropic Expansion 103. An IC engine has a bore and stroke length of 4
4-5:- Heat rejection (V=C) cm each. Total surface area through which heat
transfer takes place in cm2 is
(a) 18π (b) 24π
(c) 28π (d) 8π
BHEL ET 2019
Ans. (b) : Given

98. Fuel injection pressure in solid injection system

is approximately in the range of
(a) <10.5 bar (b) 10.5-21 bar
(c) 30 - 50 bar (d) 200 - 246 bar
UPPSC AE 12.04.2016 Paper-II Stroke length ( ℓ ) = 4 cm
Ans.: (d) Fuel injection pressure in solid injection bore diameter (d) = 4 cm
system is approximately in the range of 200-246 bar. Heat transfer take place
99. Delay period of CI engine fuel is affected by at total surface area of cylinder
(a) Properties of fuel = 2πr [ r + ℓ ]
(b) Atomization of fuel
= 2 × π× 2 [ 2 + 4]
(c) Compression ratio of engine
(d) All the above = 2 × π× 2 × 6 = 24π cm 2
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II 104. Problem of scavenging appears in case of
Ans. (d) : All the above (a) Petrol engine (b) Diesel engine
100. The amount of air which is supplied for (c) Four stroke engine (d) Two stroke engine
complete combustion is called UJVNL AE 2016
(a) primary air (b) secondary air Ans : (d) Problem of scavenging appears in case of two
(c) tertiary air (d) none of these stroke engine
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II Scavenging:-The process of removing burnt gases,
Ans. (b) : Secondary air from the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder, is
101. A tank contains a mixture of CO2 and N2 in the known as scavenging.
mole proportions of 0.2 and 0.8 at 1 bar and Scavengin are two types
290 K. It is connected by a duct of sectional 1) Cross flow scavenginng
area 0.1 m2 to another tank containing a 2) Back or loop scavenging
138
105. Detonation in spark ignition engines is due to (d) Initially reduces till chemically corrected ratio
early autoignition of the charge than increases
(a) near the spark plug OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
(b) near the exhaust valve Ans : (c) : Initially increases till chemically corrected
(c) near the suction valve ratio than reduces.
(d) near the combustion cylinder walls 113. Piston in IC Engine is usually made of
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II (a) Copper alloy (b) Tungsten alloy
Ans. (d) : Near the combustion cylinder walls (c) Nickel alloy (d) Aluminium alloy
106. Piston rings are generally made of following Gujarat PSC AE 2019
material: Ans : (d) : Piston in IC engine is usually made of
(a) Cast iron (b) Aluminium aluminium alloy because it is lighter aluminium alloy.
(c) Copper (d) Carbon steel Commonly used materials for IC engine piston are cast
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II iron, cast steel, forged steel, cast aluminium alloys and
Ans. (a) : Cast iron forged aluminium alloy. Advantages of aluminium over
cast iron high thermal conductivity.
107. In a low speed S.I. engine, the inlet valve closes
approximately:- 114. At the time of starting, idling and low-speed
(a) 40° after BDC (b) 30° before BDC operation, the carburettor supplies a mixture
(c) 10° after BDC (d) 10° before BDC which can be termed as
UKPSC AE-2013, Paper-II (a) lean
(b) slightly leaner than stoichiometric
Ans. (c) :
(c) stoichiometric
108. Carbon deposit on the cylinder head of an I.C. (d) rich
engine tend to increase:- Gujarat PSC AE 2019
(a) Clearance volume (b) Compression ratio OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
(c) Swept volume (d) None of the above CGPSC AE 2014- II
UKPSC AE-2013, Paper-II RPSC AE 2016
Ans. (b) : Carbon deposit on the cylinder head of an (KPSC AE. 2015)
I.C. engine tend to increase compression ratio. Ans : (d) : The no load running mode of the engine is
109. In a variable speed S.I. engine, the maximum called idling.
torque occurs at the maximum The problem of dilution of charge by residual
(a) speed gases becomes more pronounced at low loads and idling
(b) brakepower hence richer mixture (Air-fuel ratio around 12.5:1) is
(c) indicated power required
(d) volumetric efficiency 115. The air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is
UKPSC AE 2012 Paper–II controlled by
Ans. (b) : brakepower (a) Fuel pump (b) Governor
110. Statement (I): Air-blast injection in diesel (c) Injector (d) Carburettor
engines could reduce engine efficiency. Gujarat PSC AE 2019
Statement (II): Air-blast injection in diesel Ans : (d) : The air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is
engines is not instantaneous but happens when the controlled by carburettor.
piston moves outward with the injection valve 116. Self-ignition temperature of petrol is of the order
remaining open for whatever reason. of :
ESE 2017 (a) 150°C (b) 370°C
Ans. (a) : (c) 450°C (d) more than 500°C
111. 4 stroke engine as compared to 2 stroke engine (HPPSC AE 2014)
has: Ans : (d) The Self Ignition auto ignition temperature is
(a) Lower volumetric efficiency lowest temperature at which a fuel such as petrol or
(b) Higher fuel consumption diesel spontaneously ignites in normal atmosphere
(c) Smaller size of flywheel without an external source of ignition, such as a flame
(d) Bigger size of engine for same output or spark.
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II * Self ignition temperature of petrol is 247–280 0C
Ans : (c) : 4 stroke engine as compared to 2 stroke * Self ignition temperature of diesel is around 210 0C
engine has smaller size of flywheel. So as seen, diesel has low self ignition temperature, and
112. With increase in Air fuel ratio the level of HCs that's why diesel engine doesn't have a spark plug.
in exhaust gas: Note:- HPPSC given answer more than 500 0C
(a) Increased 117. The function of fuel injector is to:-
(b) Reduces (a) Pump the fuel at high pressure
(c) Initially increases till chemically corrected (b) Mix diesel with air
ratio than reduces (c) Atmoise the fuel
139
 (d) Ignite the fuel 123. Which design of the combustion chamber has
UKPSC AE-2013, Paper-II less problem in cold starting?
Ans. (c) : The function of fuel injector is to atmoise the (a) M Combustion Chamber
fuel. (b) Open Combustion Chamber
118. Duration between the time of injection and time (c) Air-Cell Combustion Chamber
of ignition in a diesel engine is called: (d) Any design of Combustion Chamber
(a) Lead period OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
(b) Delay period Ans : (a) : M - Combustion chamber has less problem in
(c) Combustion period cold starting.
(d) period of compression 124. Which type of nozzle is preferred to avoid weak
OPSC AEE 2015 PAPER - II injection and dribbling of fuel in combustion
Ans : (b) Duration between the time of injection and chamber?
time of ignition in a diesel engine is called delay period. (a) Single hole (b) Multi hole
Delay period in compression ignition engines depends (c) Pintle (d) Pintaux
upon OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
(i) Temperature and pressure in the cylinder at the time Ans : (c) : Pintle type of nozzle is preffered to avoid
of injection. weak injection and dribbling of fuel in combustion
(ii) Nature of the fuel mixture strength chamber.
(iii) Relative velocity between the fuel injection and air 125. In a petrol engine the spark plug gap is of the
turbulence pressure of residual gases. order
119. By advancing the spark timing the S.I. engine, (a) 0.10 m.m (b) 0.60 m.m
the tendency of knocking (c) 0.01 m.m (d) 0.15 m.m
(a) increases UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II
(b) decreases Ans. (b) : 0.60 m.m
(c) remains uneffected 126. Source of electrical energy in SI engine is
(d) may increase or decrease (a) battery (b) magneto
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II (c) generator (d) any of the above
UKPSC AE-2013, Paper-II
UKPSC AE 2007 Paper -II
Ans. (a) : Increases Ans. (d) : Any of the above
120. Voltage developed to strike spark in the spark 127. In parson’s steam turbine, steam expands in
plug is in the range (a) nozzles only
(a) 6 to 12 volts (b) 100 to 200 volts (b) blades only
(c) 1000 to 2000 volts (d) 20000 - 25000 volts (c) partly in nozzles and partly in blades
RPSC AE 2016 (d) none of the above
RPSC AE 2018 UKPSC AE 2012 Paper–II
Ans : (d) Spark plug :- It is always screwed into the Ans. (c) : partly in nozzles and partly in blades
cylinder head for ignition the charge of petrol engines. 128. In carburetors the meter rod economizer is
It is usually designed to withstand a pressure up to 35
used to supply air fuel mixture during:
bar and operate under of 10000 to 30000 volts
(a) Cold starting (b) Acceleration
121. The knocking sensitivity of engines could be (c) Ideling (d) Power enrichment
reduced by OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
(a) Compact combustion chamber geometry RPSC AE 2016
(b) Central position of the spark plug UJVNL AE 2016
(c) Increased turbulence Ans : (d) : Economiser is basically a valve that remains
(d) All the above closed at normal cruise operation and gets opened to
TNPSC AE 2017 supply rich mixture at full throttle operation. It regulates
Ans. (d) : The knocking sensitivity of engines could be the additional fuel supply during full throttle operation.
reduced by compact combustion chamber geometry, So it can be called a power enrichment system.
central position of the spark plug, and increased 129. Ignition accelerators are substance which
turbulence. (a) increase the rate of pre-flame reaction and
122. Knocking takes place in C.I. Engines reduce the ignition lag
(a) at the start of combustion (b) increase knock
(b) at the end of combustion (c) reduce detonation
(c) during combustion (d) increase thermal efficiency
(d) during the delay period BPSC AE 2012 Paper - V
TNPSC AE 2017 Ans : (a) : Ignition accelerators are substance which
Ans. (a) : Knocking takes place in C.I. Engines at the increase the rate of pre-flame reaction and reduce the
start of combustion. ignition lag.
140
130. Which device can be used to measure aromatic
hydrocarbon in exhaust gas?
(a) Dispersion analyzer
(b) Non-dispersive infrared analyzer
(c) Flame ionization detector
(d) All of these
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (d) : All of these
131. The NOx level in exhaust gas can be reduced by
the following method:
(a) Thermal reactor
(b) After burner
(c) Advance spark timing
(d) Exhaust gas recirculation
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (d) : NOx emission can be reduced by primary
methods such as retard injection, fuel nozzle
modification change of compression ratio, water direct
injection, water emulsification.
132. Which device is used in SI engine to develop
high voltage for spark?
(a) Battery (b) Distributor
(c) Ignition coil (d) Spark plug
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (d) : A spark plug is an electrical device that fits
into the cylinder head of some IC engines and ignites
compressed aerosol gasoline by means of an electric
spark.
133. The effect of Iso-octane content in fuel for SI
engine on auto ignition is:
(a) Accelerate
(b) Retard
(c) Does not affect
(d) Initially increases then reduces
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (a) : The effect of iso-octane content in fuel for SI
engine on auto ignition is accelerated.
134. The spark advance is specified in:
(a) Time in seconds
(b) Degree of crank rotation
(c) Percentage of engine speed in rpm
(d) None of these
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (b) : The spark advance is specified in degree of
crank rotation.
135. Which is the best option to avoid knock in SI
engine?
(a) Supercharging of Engine
(b) Delay period should low
(c) Delay period should high
(d) Spark should be advanced
OPSC AEE 2019 PAPER - II
Ans : (b) : Delay period should be low is the best
option to avoid knock in SI engine.
136. Assertion (A): A simple or elementary
carburettor provides progressively rich
mixture with increasing air flow.
Reason (R) : The density of the air tends to
increase as the rate of air flow increases.
141
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is
the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true and R is
not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Gujarat PSC AE 2019
Ans : (c) : At higher speed a simple carburetor provide
rich mixture because of reduced mass flow rate of air.
This reduced mass flow rate is due to decreases in
density at higher speed. The density of air decrease at
higher speed due to compressibility effect.
137. Velocity of flame propagation in the SI engine
is maximum for a fuel-air mixture which is
(a) 10% richer than stoichiometric
(b) Equal to stoichiometric
(c) More than 10% richer than stoichiometric
(d) 10% leaner than stoichiometric
RPSC Vice Principal ITI 2018
Ans. (a) : Flame velocity in SI engine combustion is
maximum when mixture strength is 10% rich. Because
in this condition, the temperature is maximum and
combustion is very good resulting maximum
combustion products. But at the same time, this is also
the situation of detonation.
138. The essential function of the carburettor in a
spark ignition engine is to :
(a) Meter the fuel into air stream and amount
dictated by the load and speed
(b) Bring about mixing of air and fuel to get a
homogeneous mixture
(c) Vaporise the fuel
(d) Distribute fuel uniformly to all cylinders in a
multi cylinder engine and also vaporise it.
RPSC Vice Principal ITI 2018
Ans. (b) : The process of formation of a combustible
fuel-air mixture by mixing the proper amount of fuel
with air before admission to engine cylinder is called
carburetion and the device which is used for this job is
called a carburetor.
139. Piezo electric type of load cells can be used for
measurement of
(a) dynamic forces only
(b) dynamic forces and static forces provided the
load cells have a small time constant
(c) dynamic forces and static forces provided that
the load cells have a large time constant
(d) static force only
TNPSC AE 2018
Ans. (c) : Piezo electric type of load cells can be used
for measurement of dynamic forces and static forces
provided that the load cells have a large time constant.
140. The mass of excess air supplied is equal to
23
(a) × mass of excess carbon
100
23
(b) × mass of excess oxygen
100
 100
(c) × mass of excess carbon
23
100
(d) × mass of excess oxygen
23
JPSC AE 2013 Ist Paper
Ans. (d) : In order to ensure complete and rapid
combustion of fuel. Some quantity of air, in excess of
the theoretical minimum air, is supplied. We know that
in order to supply one kg of oxygen, we need 100/23 of
air, similarly, the mass of excess air supplied.
100
= × mass of excess oxygen
23
141. For each mole of oxygen, number of moles of
nitrogen required for complete combustion of
carbon are
(a) 20/21 (b) 2/21
(c) 77/21 (d) 79/21
TNPSC AE 2017
Ans. (d) : Most commonly, the fuel is a hydrocarbon a
compound of hydrogen and carbon. The ideal oxidizer
is pure oxygen, but most commonly, it is air. For our
work, air will be regarded as a mixture of nitrogen and
oxygen, with respective mole fraction of 79% and 21%.
For each mole of oxygen in air, there was 79/21
= 3.76 moles of nitrogen.
142. Which of the following is not a function of
nozzle in fuel injection
(a) Atomization
(b) Distribution of fuel to the required area
(c) Impingement on the walls
(d) No dribbling
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (c) : The function of nozzle in fuel injection
system are to filter the fuel, to time the fuel injection, to
break up the fuel into small particles. Non-impingement
on the walls function of nozzle.
143. Which of the following is the most effective air
cleaner in case of diesel engine
(a) Dry type (b) Wet type
(c) Whirl type (d) Oil bath type
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (d) : Oil bath type most effective air-cleaner in
diesel engine, reason :- When air-fuel ratio is about 10%
rich mixture, then a high flame speed is obtained in
diesel engine.
144. The air-fuel ratio in petrol engines is controlled
by
(a) Governing
(b) Injection
(c) Controlling valve opening/closing
(d) Carburetion
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (d) : Air fuel ratio in petrol-engine is controlled by
carburetor and not by injector or fuel pump.
145. Carburetion is process of
(a) Forming a combustible air-fuel mixture by
mixing the proper amount of fuel and air
before admitting it into the engine cylinder
142
(b) Igniting the air-fuel mixture into the engine
cylinder during power stroke
(c) Combusting the carbon in the atmosphere
(d) None of these
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (a) : Carburetion is process of forming a combustible
air-fuel mixture by mixing the proper amount of fuel and
air before entering to engine cylinder.
146. Flash point of a volatile material is the lowest
temperature at which material
(a) ignites in presence of ignition source
(b) evaporates
(c) ignites without the presence of ignition
source
(d) none of the above
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (a) : The flash point of a volatile material is the
lowest temperature at which vapour of materials will
ignite, when given an ignition source.
147. Auto ignition point of the gasoline lies between
the temperature range
(a) 147-200 ºC (b) 247-280 ºC
(c) 347-380 ºC (d) 347-447 ºC
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (b) : Auto ignition point of the gasoline lies
between the temperature range 247-280ºC.
148. The correct statement is
(a) Fire point is higher than the flash point
(b) Fire point is lower that the flash point
(c) There is no relation between Fire point and
the flash point
(d) Sometimes Fire point is higher and some
time is Flash point
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (a) : The fire point is higher than the flash point
because at the flash point more vapor may not be
produced rapidly enough to sustain combustion.
149. Flammable fuels have
(a) Flash point more the than 37.8ºC
(b) Flash point lesser than 37.8ºC
(c) No temperature limits
(d) only pressure dependency
Nagaland PSC CTSE 2017 Paper-2
Ans. (b) : Flammable fuels have a flash point below
37.8ºC (100ºF).
150. The process of replacement of combustion
products with fresh air charge
(a) Trubocharging (b) Idling
(c) Supercharging (d) Scavenging
TNPSC AE 2013
Ans. (d) : The process of replacement of combustion
products with fresh air charge is known as scavening.
151. The time interval between ignition initiation
and the actual start of combustion
(a) Self ignition (b) Ignition delay
(c) Pre-ignition (d) Idling
TNPSC AE 2013
Ans. (b) : The time interval between ignition initiation
and the actual start of combustion known as Ignition delay.
152. In a 4–cylinder, 4–stroke Diesel engine Ans. (a) : Reducing the combustion-chamber surface are
operating at 1200 r.p.m., the duration of fuel reduces the amount of unburned HC in the exhaust gas.
injection is 20o. The time in seconds during 156. In the Passenger cars, the following type of
which fuel is injected would be carburetor is preferred
1 1 (a) Horizontal type
(a) secs (b) secs (b) Upward draught type
360 180
(c) Downward draught type
1 1 (d) Inclined draught type
(c) secs (d) secs
720 1440 TNPSC AE 2017
TNPSC AE 2014 Ans. (c) : Downward draught type of carburetor is
Ans. (a) : Angle turned by crank during fuel injection preferred in the passenger cars.
π 157. In C.I. Engine, the function air swirl is
θ = 20 0 = 20º × rad.
180º (a) Haphazard motion of air in the cylinder
N = 1200 rpm (b) rotary motion of the air for proper distribution
We know that of fuel in the cylinder
θ (c) radial motion of air in the cylinder
=ω (d) Mixing of air and fuel
t APPSC AEE 2016
 π  Ans. (b) : In C.I. Engine, the function air swirl is rotary
20º ×
θ  180º  1 motion of the air for proper distribution of fuel in the
t= = = secs cylinder.
ω  2π × 1200  360
 60  158. Consider the following statements:
1. Recycling exhaust gases by partial mixing
Where t is time in seconds during fuel is injected.
with the intake gases increases the emission
153. Flame speed in SI engine increases: of oxides of nitrogen from the engine.
(a) with increase in compression ratio 2. The effect of increase in altitude of operation
(b) with decrease in intake temperature and on the carburetor is to enrich the entire port-
pressure of the mixture throttle operation.
(c) with decrease in engine speed 3. When the carburetor throttle is suddenly
(d) with decrease in turbulence in mixture opened, the air-fuel mixture may lean out
(e) at very lean mixture temporarily resulting in engine stall.
CGPSC AE 2014- II 4. Use of multi-venturi system makes it possible
Ans. (a) : Factor influencing the flame speed. to obtain a high velocity air stream when the
1. Turbulence– Turbulence ↑→ speed ↑→ heat flow fuel is introduced at the main venturi throat.
to cylinder wall ↑→ flame speed ↑ Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4
2. Compression ratio-
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
(C.R.) ↑→ P ↑ ,T ↑→ flame speed ↑ ESE 2018
3. Engine output- Engine output ↑→ turbulence ↑→ Ans. (c) : (i) Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an
flame speed ↑ effective pretreatment technique, which is being used
4. Engine speed- ↑→ Vflame ↑ widely to reduce and control the oxides of nitrogen
(NOx) emission from diesel engine. Exhaust gas recycle
154. Modern CRDI engines uses injection pressure is done by ducting some of the exhaust flow back into
of the order of the intake system, usually immediately after the throttle.
(a) 400 bar (b) 800 bar Hence statement-1 is wrong.
(c) 1000 bar (d) 1600 bar (ii) An altitude compensating system which can vary the
TNPSC AE 2017 operating characteristic of a carburetor for obtaining a
Ans. (d) : CRDI Engine- CRDI stands for common rail desirable enriched air fuel ratio in accordance with
direct injection which means direct injection of fuel into changes in altitude.
the cylinder of a diesel engine through a single common (iii) In conventional carburetors, the air fuel ratio is
line called rail which is connected to fuel injectors. enriched for obtaining increased engine power when the
155. Reducing the combustion-chamber surface are throttle valve of the carburetor is opened.
(a) reduces the amount of unburned HC in the (iv) Multiple venturi systems having three venturies if
exhaust gas fuel is injected in third venturi air flow rate will
(b) increases the amount of unburned HC in the increases if fuel injection in main venturi air flow rate
exhaust gas will not change.
(c) reduces the amount of NOx in the exhaust gas Hence statement-4 is also wrong.
(d) increases the amount of unburned HC and 159. Which of the following actions will help to
NOx in the exhaust gas reduce the black smoke emission of a diesel
TNPSC AE 2017 engine?
143
 1. Run at lower load, i.e., derating
2. Have regular maintenance of the diesel
engine, particularly of injection system
3. Use diesel oil of higher cetane number
Select the correct answer using the code given
below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
ESE 2018
Ans. (d) : (i) Smoke emission increase with increase in
engine load due to overall richer fuel-air ratio.
So run engine at lower load reduce the black smoke
emission.
(ii) Poor control of fuel injection rate during
accelerating also increases smoke therefore regular
maintenance of the diesel engine, particularly of
injection system.
(iii) With increasing demand for improved ignition
quality and increasing cetane number specifications the
use of ignition improves addition has also risen which
will reduce black smoke emission.
The answer given by UPSC is option (a).
160. If one cylinder of a diesel engine receives more
fuel than the others, it is a serious condition for
that cylinder and can be checked by
1. judging the seizure of the piston
2. checking incomplete combustion in that
cylinder
3. checking cylinder exhaust temperature with a
pyrometer
Which of the above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
ESE 2018
Ans. (d) :
1. Judging the seizure of the piston
2. Checking incomplete combustion in that cylinder
3. Checking cylinder exhaust temperature with a
pyrometer.
161. Consider the following statements with
reference to combustion and performance in a
four-stroke petrol engine:
1. The auto-ignition temperature of petrol as a
fuel is higher than that of diesel oil as a fuel.165. Fuel is injected in a four-stroke CI engine:
2. The highest compression ratio of petrol
engines is constrained by the possibility of
detonation.
3. A petrol engine is basically less suitable for
supercharging than a diesel engine.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
ESE 2018
Ans. (d) : Petrol have higher self ignition temperature,
high volatile to burn when you compress that much it
may burst out. Whereas diesel is low volatile and fire up
at the compression without any external source.
Supercharging is preferred in CI engine because it leads
to decrease delay period, therefore decrease detonation
144
where as in SI engine it increases compression ratio,
increases detonation.
Hence all statements are correct.
162. Which is not a part of magneto-ignition
system?
(a) Condenser (b) Battery
(c) Circuit breaker (d) Induction coil
(KPSC AE 2015)
Ans : (b) Battery is not a part of magneto- ignition
system.
Magneto ignition system:-The magneto ignition
system has the same principle of working as that of coil
ignition system. except that no battery is required, as the
magneto acts its own generator.
This type of ignition system is generally employed in
small spark ignition engines such as scooters, motor
cycles and small motor boat engines.
163. Major constituent of natural gas is:
(a) Ethane (b) Methane
(c) Propane (d) Butane
OPSC AEE 2015 PAPER - II
Ans : (b) Major constituent of natural gas is methane.
The natural gas is usually. Found in or near the
petroleum fields under the earth's surface. It essentially,
consists of marsh gas or methane (CH4). Together with
small amounts of other gases such as ethane (C2H6),
Carbon dioxide (Co2) and Carbon mono-oxide (co).
164. The method of governing for a petrol engine is:
(a) Hit and misgoverning
(b) Quality governing
(c) Quantity governing
(d) Misgoverning
OPSC AEE 2015 PAPER - II
Ans : (c) Governing of I.C. Engine:- In order to have a
high efficiency of an I.C. engine at different load
conditions, its speed must be kept constant as far as
possible. The process of providing any arrangement,
which will keep the speed constant is known as
governing of I.C Engines.
(i) The method of governing for a petrol engine is
Quantity governing.
(ii) The method of governing for a diesel engine is
Quality governing.
(a) At the end of suction stroke
(b) At the end of compression stroke
(c) At the end of expansion stroke
(d) At the end of exhaust stroke
OPSC AEE 2015 PAPER - II
Ans : (b) Fuel is injected in a four-stroke CI engine at
the end of compression stroke.
The piston reaches the TDC (during the compression
stroke) fuel oil is the form of very fine spray into the
engine cylinder, through the nozzle, known as fuel
injection valve. At this moment, temperature of the
compressed air is sufficiently high to ignite the fuel. It
suddenly increased the pressure and temperature of the
products of combustion.
166. With increase in compression ratio flame speed:
(a) Increases