From the title itself,

it looks like you are trying to propose two things:

1.Amendment of cases in the criminal justice system of
Centro Colegio de Tarlac the Philippines
2. Improvement in accessing justice and case
College of Criminal Justice Education management during pre-trial detention
-i think it is better to focus on one topic
Metro Bamban, Anupul Subd., Anupul, Bamban, Tarlac only.
-what do you mean by this? if you are trying to amend som ething,
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY
It is by amendment of law (by Congress) or decision of a ne w
jurisprudence (by SC). Not by amendment of the cases itself.
Cases are factual situation. Try using "proposal to amend existing
laws or jurisprudence"?
AMENDMENT OF MINOR CASES IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM OF THE
PHILIPPINES AND THE IMPROVEMENT IN ACCESSING TO JUSTICE AND CASE
MANAGEMENT DURING PRE-TRIAL DETENTION TO ABOLISHED OVERCROWDING
-abolish only
"To ensure that prisons play their proper role"
MISSION: - a prison is a ONLY A PLACE. I think what you are trying to say here is - the criminal procedure
or the criminal laws
This theory mission is to divert minor cases and improve access to justice to resolve prison
overcrowding in the Philippines. To ensure that prisons play their proper role, including the role
of rehabilitation, it is important that minor offenses be processed in different ways. Reforming
criminal procedure so that cases are reviewed regularly and brought to a conclusion more
what minor offenses are you referring to? The Revised Small Claims Procedure was developed by the Supreme Court to provide a
speedily. there are already laws which governs these. if i am simple, speedy, and inexpensive means of dispute settlement in courts. The procedure
getting your idea right, it is the small claims rules. This provides simple forms, dispute settlement procedures, and a one-hearing rule. It simplifies
THE REVISED RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR SMALL court procedures permitting a more informal hearing, providing “lay person-oriented” forms
CLAIMS CASES. Ayan yung objective ng small claims throughout the process, and dispensing with the intervention of lawyers.
VISION: rules ------->>
This theory envisions the effectiveness of the objectives and reflects the resolution of the
problem regarding overcrowding. Speed process, deterrence and reformation while
implementing diversion and improving access to justice.

OBJECTIVES:
1. Further investigation to case management during pre-trial detention.
2. Diversion in minor cases and effective procedure towards the conditions. what do you mean by this?
3. Increasing legal aid and assistance and supplementing this by making use of paralegals
to provide advice to defendants. -there are already laws which provides for these. Law students are mandated to give
legal aid before graduating etc.
4. Offering bails or any alternatives in pre-trial detention.
5. Preventing incarceration without conviction and sentences.

BODY:
Nowadays, detainees are having difficulties regarding the space they need inside of prisons.
The designated population in one room is about 30 persons but it holds 130 persons or more.
According to The World Prison Brief, 75.1% of incarcerations within the Philippines Incarceration
system are pre-trial. In 2018, 141,422 of 188,278 prisoners were pre-trial detainees.
Unfortunately, many people are serving sentences without conviction. Pre-trial detention is
found in judicial systems all over the world. In countries like the Philippines, people may serve
time that outweighs their crimes. On average, prisoners in the Philippines are detained for nine
months without being sentenced. About 5,200 inmates die annually at the New Bilibid Prison
(NBP).
-which hospital.... kasi you mentioned him as medical chief
According to Ernesto Tamayo, the hospital medical chief, these deaths are due to overcrowding,
-senate hearing of what case?
dirty living conditions and inmate violence. At a 2019 Philippines Senate hearing, Tamayo said
that there were “uncontrollable outbreaks of pulmonary tuberculosis.” In addition to
overcrowding, poor living conditions and inmate violence, NBP lacks nutritional food and basic
healthcare. On account of these living conditions, Tamayo reports that at least one prisoner dies
at NBP each day. Thankfully, politicians and prison employees are working to reduce
overcrowding in the Philippines’ prisons. Human rights advocates have also called for the
release of vulnerable inmates, hoping to protect them from poor living conditions. -basis for this?

To reach a conclusion, there are significant differences in the nature of criminal activities
between countries, particularly in the Philippines. Criminal laws in many low-income countries
especially here in our country which is the Philippines derive from the colonial era or Spanish
and American influence-this
and contain charges like being a 'rogue and vagrant' or being 'idle and
is an opinon, what do you mean by saying, this is not valid?
disorderly,' which have no validity in the twenty-first century. In other countries, there have been
efforts to limit the spread of criminal acts. That's why they are slowly resolving or fixing the
problem with overcrowding in prisons in many countries. Additionally, those with minor pretrial
detainees should have access to better correctional facilities and also they should not be
-why do you say
detained if they only commit minor offenses such as robbery, criminal trespass, disturbing the that these are
only minor
peace of your neighborhood, vandalism, and etc. To resolve this problem we should have a offenses?
better system and any alternatives in pre trial detention.

The presumption of innocence; a strong presumption for release before trial, with the onus on
the prosecution to show the need for detention in all cases; The need for courts to be guided by
principles of necessity and proportionality in reaching decisions about pre-trial detention; Clear
and simple legislation that is easily understood by lawyers and non-lawyers alike. In some -if you are citing
something like this,
countries, once particular charges are brought, a defendant is not permitted to remain in the it is better to provide
which country and
community pending trial and pre-trial detention is in effect mandatory. This blanket approach specific details to
strengthen your
does not permit the kind of individualized assessment which is needed and should therefore be argument

resisted. There should be the possibility of release in all kinds of cases, with no crimes
automatically ineligible for release.

Defendants should be released unless, as a result of strong evidence, there are reasonable
grounds for believing that in their particular case they will fail to appear in court, interfere with
justice or commit serious offenses, and that no measures in the community can reduce these
risks to an acceptable level. Remands in custody should be limited to cases which meet a
certain threshold of seriousness, in which there is a strong likelihood of conviction in the event
of which a prison sentence is probable. Clear statutory guidance should be provided on the
factors which courts can legitimately take into account in reaching a view about whether
grounds for withholding bail are met, together with a requirement for courts to cite specific
reasons for withholding bail and to record these.

PRINCIPLES:
1. Scrutiny pre-trial investigation that upholds the fair and just in the systematic process to
conclude sentences.
2. No one shall be exempted in punishments and give justice to the People of the
Philippines especially for the victims. -who are those exempted? if i am getting your idea right,
there are those exempted but the law provides for the rational of their exemptions.
and there are other remedies which are provided by the law other than prison for those
people.
 3. Reformation and rehabilitation of offenders must be evaluated inside or outside of jail,
especially offenders who served sentences in non-institutional correction.
4. Offering of bails for minor offense shall be considered for first offenders; with proper
deterrence and guidance with the rehabilitators and reformators.
5. Help to seek changes in preventing overcrowding in prisons; thus, detainees of pre-trial
detention must have resolution of their cases and proper sentences speedily.
6. Expeditious and thorough investigations seek to have fair detaining of offenders if found
guilty.
7. It must be accurate in pursuing case management to prevent taking long incarceration of
pre-trial detainees.
8. Releasing of pre-trial detainees if not found guilty and no strong evidence in the crime
allegedly committed in a few offenses. -they are found guilty or not guilty after a proper trial
9. Strictly monitored offenders in non-institutional correction if they were released for
pre-trial detention.

PROCEDURES:
1. In the pre-trial of the offender who allegedly (remain innocent unless found guilty)
committed crimes; diversion of sentence to serve must be implemented justly.
2. Remaining of justice and equal for detaining and releasing offenders. They must be
detained or released in accordance with their crimes; only minor offenses must have the
chance to be released in pre-trial detention.
3. In the releasing of pre-trial detainees, he must be strictly monitored often and proper
guidance to ensure the welfare of the people in the society or community.
4. Improving non-institutional corrections to attain effectiveness of rehabilitation and
reformation of offenders.
5. Strict conditions of release in the pre-trial detention must have a hold of offenders to
attend trials and cooperate in the investigation.
6. Thorough investigation and interrogation.
7. Strong witness and evidence to convict offenders with justice to prevent pre-trial
detention and unfair incarceration of offenders who have no proper convictions and
sentence to serve.
8. Must set standards in penalizing offenders who do not remorse and commit crimes
repeatedly. -see habitual delinquents.
9. Immediate action of officers to implicit speed access of justice; primarily in settling
pre-trial detention problems. -those highlighted in violet are already provided for under our existing laws.

CONCLUSION:

To strengthen the motives of this theory, referring to the resolution of overcrowding. The most
crime committed here in the Philippines is theft, I believe that giving a chance for first offenders
with a set standards to deterring them to commit crimes again or offering bails and reform in
non-institutional corrections; observing or evaluating them in their community, it can make a
change in resolving overcrowding in prisons, pre-trial detention must be investigated speedily to
give proper incarceration and fair serving of sentence to lessen their time in unfair confinement
that is their crimes are not yet have final conviction. It is applicable in minor offenses only thus, it
can be amended also for a few major offenses, according to International Penal Reform, also
those major offenders are being released in pre-trial detention if they don't have enough
evidence to be detained.

However, supporting evidence and investigation conducted must be reviewed thoroughly to

decide whether to detain or release offenders in pre-trials in accordance with the judgment in
the hearing. Because not all detainees are guilty, it is one of the weaknesses in the prosecution
of the Philippines for not executing proper investigation and weak justice that leads to
pre-detention without being convicted and yet serving incarceration that makes prison to
outweighs the designated population of prisons where offenders were confined; it is not helpful
for them to remorse or to be rehabilitate for it is not safe their anymore; they acquire diseases
-if you can rephrase
and violence that leads to health problems and worst is death. Nevertheless, it is not easy to
deter criminal minds from committing offenses; considering free will is necessary. Many people
suffer from unfair services and justice, considering the situation of detainees is not fair even if
they commit crimes, several people who died because of diseases, violence and health
problems (result of overcrowding).

RECOMMENDATION:

Based on the findings and conclusion presented, the following recommendations are suggested:

Recommending pre-trial detention should be minimized and resolve the case immediately,
accessing justice is vital to have fair and equal detention and judgment of conviction of
offenders that can also lessen overcrowding in prisons. Moreover, diversion in minor cases and
effective procedure towards the conditions of the detainees and also allocate a sufficient budget
for assisting and aiding the detainees. Additionally, contracting additional facilities in order to
overcome the overcrowding here in the Philippines. Being aware of overcrowding in prisons, the
Bureau of Correction, Criminal Justice System and Department of Justice can implement this
theory with further research to proceed. -this highlighted in yellow, i agree. In my opinion lang ha, you can elaborate more on this.
Parang ang gusto mo kasi mangyari ba talaga is to lessen overcrowding?
Yung body of your resesarch and pwede din sa other parts of your research, ok lang mag-add ka
din dun nung basis for additional facilities? And why they are necessary. Kasi sa recommendation
mo lang sya sinabi.

I hope this is helpful.

God bless!
-joanna