Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V
SCHOOLS Division of Camarines Sur
SCIENCE 9
Name: ___________________________________________ Quarter : 4 Week : 6 & 7
Grade Level/Section: _____________________________ Date : ______________________

GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICITY

I. Introductory Concept

How is electricity produced? Electricity powers all our gadgets and appliances at
home. Have you ever wondered how electricity reaches us from the electric power plant?
What processes does electricity have to go through in order to reach us at home?

Various sources of energy are utilized to provide electricity to power our households.
For example, the tremendous energy produced by falling water is used by water turbines to
rotate large generators at a hydroelectric power plant.
HOW FUEL IS TRANSFORMED INTO ELECTRICITY
1. Fuel generates energy.
Electric power generation starts with a source of fuel that can be harnessed to create
energy. Fuel types include fossil (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear, and renewable (such as
solar power, wind power, falling water for hydro generation, and even garbage and
agricultural waste products). Renewables also reduce emissions during power
generation.
2. Turbine and generator convert energy.
In a power plant, the turbine and generator convert mechanical energy into electrical
energy. First the fuel produces steam, gas, or fluid that moves the blades of a turbine, so
it revolves fast—more than 3,000 times a minute. The spinning turbine is connected to the
rod in a generator that turns a large magnet surrounded by coils of copper wire.
3. Generator magnet causes electrons to move and creates electricity.
The fast-revolving generator magnet causes electrons around the copper coils to move
The movement of these electrons through a wire is electricity
4. Transformer increases power voltage.
Thick wires carry the electric current from the generator to a transformer, which increases
the voltage of the electric current to 500,000 volts or more, before electricity can be sent
to the power grid
5. High-voltage lines carry the current to substations on the power grid.
From the power plant, the electric current travels on high-voltage transmission lines to an
interconnected network of substations throughout your nation, called the grid. At each
substation, transformers decrease the electric current voltage to levels that can be used
by factories, shopping malls, and other customers.
6. Power lines distribute to local transformers.
Buried or mounted on poles, distribution lines from the grid carry electricity from
substations to smaller, local transformers. Local transformers, mounted on poles or on
concrete pads, further reduce the electric voltage to110–220 volts, which can be used
safely in businesses and homes.
 7. Meters and controls for customer power.

II. Learning Skills/Competency

Explain how electrical energy is generated, transmitted, and distributed. (S9FE-IVh-j-46)

III. Activities:
Activity 1. How electricity gets to your home?
A. Direction: Match the illustrations in column A to the description in Column B. Write the
letter of your answer on the blank provided.

A.
1. _______________

B.
2. _______________

C.
3. _______________

D.
4. _______________

E.
5. _______________

F.
6. _______________
(Photo 1-5 Source: Science_9_lm_draft_4.29.2014_1.pdf)
B. Analyze the illustration and answer the questions that follow.

Source: high-voltage-4-638.jpg (638×479) (slidesharecdn.com)

Guide Questions:

1. What are the different stations in the transmission of energy?

_______________________________________________________________________________
2. What did you observe about the size of the transmission lines as electricity reaches
the consumers?
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Does the size of wires and cables used matter in energy transmission?
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. What happens to the voltage that travels from the source to the consumers?
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. What are step-up transformers? Step-down transformers?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

IV. References
Grade 9 Science Learners Manual
EASE Module
Prototype and Contextualized Daily Lesson Plans in Science 9 (Q4)

Prepared by: MARY-ANN H. HOSANA

Writer

Quality Assured by:

EMILY B. ESMABE
Education Program Supervisor-1, Science
Address: Freedom Sports Complex, San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur
Email: deped.camsur@deped.gov.ph
Website: www.depedcamsur.com
Telephone No: (telefax) 8713340