What I Need to Know

Based from the MELC Most Essential Learning Competency, this module is
crafted to help the students to learn about exponents, how to derive laws of
exponent, multiply and divides polynomials. This will introduce the concept of
simplifying an exponent.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

* derives laws of exponent; (M7AL-IId-e-1)
*multiplies and divides polynomials. (M7AL-IIe-2)

What’s In
Perform the indicated operation. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. y• y• y =
2. (2x)2 =
3. (5y2)3 =
4. =
5. (ab)0 =

Question:
1. How would you describe your answer?

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 What’s New
Activity 1 : Simplify the following expressions. Write your answer in a separate
sheet of paper.

1. (3y3 ) (2y5)2 =
2. a10 a5 =
3. ( )0 =

4. =
5. )5 =

Questions:
1. What have you done to simplify these values?
2. What happens to the result of the expression if the exponent is equal to zero?
3. What do you think is zero raised to 0?

What is it
If n is a positive integer, then xn = x • x • x • x … • x (n factors)

For any number a, and any positive integer m and n, am • an = am+n

Examples: 1.) y • y • y =y 3 2) 10 x 10 = 102

Raising a Product to a Power

For any counting numbers, a times b raised to the m power, (a • b)m.

Examples: A.)What does 3a2 mean? How about (3a)2?

3a2 = 3 • a • a while (3a)2 = 3a • 3a. In 3a2 the base is a. In (3a)2 the base is 3a. The
two expressions are not the same. We can simplify the power (3a)2 by raising each
factor to the second power. This leads us to the law for raising product to a
power.

B.) ( 3x2 )( 2x3) = (3)(2)(x2)(x3)

= 6x8

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Power Law
For any counting numbers, a raised to m power and multiplied by n, (am)n is also the same
as am • n.
Examples: A.)What does the expression (a5)3 mean? Which is the base and the exponent
(a5)3 means a5• a5 •a5 = a15
If we just multiply the exponents 5 and 3, do we get the same results?
(a5)3 = a5•3 = a15
B.) (x10)4 means x10(4) = x40

To raise a power to an exponent, multiply the two exponents and write the product
as the exponent of the base. This is the Power Law of Exponents.

Quotient Law

For any nonzero number a, and for all integers m and n, = am – n

If m > , = am – n where m – n is a positive number. Where a is not equal to zero.

Law for negative exponent

If m< , = where m – n is a negative number. Where a ≠ 0.

Examples: .) = 26 – 8 = 2-2 = = Remember, there is no negative exponent. So, get the

reciprocal then change to positive exponent, according to the law of negative exponent.

B.) = = =

Raising a Quotient to a Power

For any number a and b where b ≠ 0, and any number n, ( )n =

2 2  2  2  2 16
Examples: A.) ( ) 4 = =
3 3  3  3  3 81

4 x 2 4 x  4 x 16 x 2
B.) ( ) = =
5y 5 y  5 y 25 y 2

Law for Zero Exponents

If m = n, = am – n = a0 = 1. Where a ≠ 0.

Examples: A.) = 28 – 8 = 20 = 1

B.) = = =1

In the previous activity you learned that m is a positive integer, then a-n = and if a is
any real number, then a0 = 1
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Multiplication of Polynomials

In multiplication of polynomials distribute each term of the first polynomial

Examples: A.) (x – 2) ( x + 2)
Solution: (x)(x)+(x)(-2) +(2) (x) +(2)(-2) Use distributive property
2
= x + (-2x) + (2x) + (-4)
= x2 – 4
B.) 3y2 ( 3xy + 2xy2 – 5)
Solution: (3y2)(3xy) + (3y2)(2xy2) + (3y2)(-5) Use distributive property
= 9xy3 + 6xy4 – 15y2

Division of Polynomials

Examples: A.)

Solution: - +

= 3ab2 – 4ab2 + 1

B. )Divide c2 – 25 by c + 5
5x2 – 3x + 4
Solution: 2x + 1√10x3 – x2 + 5x + 4
10x3 + 5x2_________
- 6x2 + 5x
- 6x2 – 3x_____
8x + 4
8x + 4__
0
3 2
Step 1. Divide 10x by 2x, obtaining 5x .
Step 2. Multiply 5x2 by 2x + 1, obtaining 10x3 + 5x2 .
Step 3. Subtract 10x3 + 5x2 from 10x3 – x2, obtaining -6x2. Bring down 5x.
Step 4. Divide -6x2 by 2x. The quotient is -3x.
Step 5. Multiply -3x by 2x + 1. The result is -6x2 – 3x.
Step 6. Subtract -6x2 – 3x from -6x2 + 5x. The difference is 8x. Bring down 4.
Step 7. Divide 8x by 2x, obtaining 4.
Step 8. Multiply 4 by 2x + 1. The product 8x + 4 is subtracted from 8x + 4.
The result is 0.

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 What’s More
Activity 2. Direction: Complete the table.

No. Given Apply the law of Result Answer Reason

exponent

1 4
4
2 (5 )3

5 4
2

Activity 3. Find the product of the following expressions by applying the laws of exponents.
Show your solution on a sheet of paper.

1. (x – 4) ( x + 4) =
2. (2p)(2p2 +3) =

Activity 4. Find the quotient. Show your solution on a sheet of paper.

1. 12x3y4 + 9x3y3 – 3x5y5

3x2y3

2.

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 What I Have Learned
On a sheet of paper, give a summary of the lesson what you have learned.

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 What I Can Do
Directions: Formulate a real-life situation and solve which involves multiplication
of polynomials and division of polynomials. Use the rubric provided to rate your work.

Rubrics

Step to Success Points Your Points

Correct Solution, correct answer with drawing 5

Correct solution with wrong answer and wrong 4

drawing

Correct solution no drawing then wrong answer 3

Correct solution 1st and 2nd step 2

Wrong solution wrong answer 1

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 Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1) Which of the following is true about the given expression 3y-2?

A. B. C. D.
2) What is the simplest form of (x10) (x12)?
A. X22 B. x2 C. x10 -12 D. x10 + 12
3) Evaluate ( )0 ( )0 (15x ).
A. 0 B. x C. 15 D. 15x
4) Find the quotient of .
A. 6 B. C. 6a D.
5) If 5 is a number needed to be multiplied by 10 to get 50, what polynomial is needed to
be multiplied to x – 3 to get x2 – 9?
A. x + 3 B. x – 3 C. x -9 D. x + 9
5 2
6) Divide and simplify (10 ÷ 10 ) . 0

A. 103 B. 1000 C. 10 D. 1
7) Find the quotient of ( )5.

A. B. C. y D.

8) Perform the operation and simplify ( ) ÷ ( ).

A. B. C. D.

9) If 2y0 is multiplied by 2y-1 what is the product?

A. B. C. 4y D. y
10) The length of a rectangle is 12y meters and the width is 3y meters. What is the area of a
rectangle?
A. 36 B. 36y C. 36y2 D. 36y3

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 Key Answers:

What’s In What’s New

1. y3 1. 12y13
2. 4x2 2. a5
3. 125y6 3. 1
4. a2 4. 1/3
5. 1 5.

What’s More( Activity 2

No. Given Apply the law of Result Answer Reason
exponent
1 40 1 Any number divided by itself is equal to 1
4 4 1-1
( Zero Law of Exponent)
4

2 (52)3 5(2)(3) 56 15625 Power Law of Exponents

3 a-1 1 Any number raised to negative, get the
reciprocal change to positive exponent. (Law of
Negative Exponent)
4 d6-6 d0 1 Any number divided by itself is equal to 1 (Zero
Law of Exponent)
5 4 4 4 Quotient Powers
2

What’s More (Activity 3) What’s More (Activity 4)

1. x – 16 1. 4xy + 3x – x3y2
2. 4p3 + 6p 2. +

Assessment:
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. A.
8. A
9. B
10. C

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References

Books:

1. Moving Ahead With Mathematics 1 – First Edition, 1997

2. Millennium Series Integrated Mathematics 1 – First Edition 2000
3. K -12 Grade 7 Teaching Guide
4. K – 12 Learner’s Module Grade 7

Development Team of the Module

Author’s Name: Mercedita N. Tabancura

Editor’s Name: Ismael K. Yusoph
Reviewed and Edited by: Zita A. Zayas/ Maribel B. Pagasian
Development Team: SDS: Ma. Liza R. Tabilon
ASDS: Judith R. Romaguera
OIC-ASDS: Ma. Judelyn J. Ramos
OIC-ASDS: Armando P. Gumapon
CID Chief: Lilia E. Abello, Ed.D.
LR: Evelyn C. Labad
PSDS: Marilyn L.Tabarno
Principal: Arnulfo G. Subebe

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