Practice Questions (True or False) for Exam 1

Chapter 1

1. The scientific study of human development is the study of how and why
people change as they grow older, as well as how and why they remain the
same.
2. Understanding development at any age requires a consideration of the
interplay of biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial domains of development.
3. The concept of childhood as we now know it is fairly recent construct
4. Children are more likely to be valued as an economic asset in developing,
agricultural communities than they are in the U.S.
5. (A Life-Span View) The poorest age group in the US is people aged 65 and
older
6. People of many ethnic groups share one culture
7. Most developmental psychologists prefer not to use the scientific method in
studying human development
8. For the most accurate results, scientific observation should be preformed in
a laboratory
9. When two variables are positively correlated, it means that one causes the
other
10. A controlled experiment is always the best way to investigate a
developmental issue

Chapter 2

1. Developmental theories generally have few practical applications

2. Proponents of learning theory believe that all behavior arises directly from
operate or classical conditioning
3. Piaget believed that how people think and how they understand the world
depends on their age
4. Many psychoanalytic ideas are widely accepted today
5. (Changing Policy) Most psychologist agree that the nature-nurture
controversy has been laid to rest
6. Developmental psychologists are increasingly aware of universal processes of
development that are found in all cultures
7. The newest theory of development stresses the ongoing interaction between
genes and environmental forces
 8. Few developmental psychologist today believe that humans have instincts or
abilities that arise from our species� biological heritage
9. All developmental theories attempt to explain the broad spectrum of human
development
10. Most developmentalist incorporate ideas from several theories into their
thinking.

Chapter 3

1. No two cells of the human body contain exactly the same genetic
instructions.
2. The genetic contribution of the father�s sperm determines whether a
fertilized egg develops into a male or female
3. It is impossible for a parent to have a child whose appearance or behavior is
completely different from their own
4. Not all individuals are born genetically unique
5. If identical twine are more similar on a particular trait that are fraternal
twins, this proves the trait inherited
6. Genes are never the exclusive determinate of any psychological
characteristics, including intellectual abilities, personality traits, and
psychopathology
7. (A Life-Span View) Alcoholism develops primarily in people from lower SES.
8. Middle-aged couples are less likely then younger couples to produce a child
with a chromosomal abnormality
9. Everyone carries several genes that could produce serious diseases or
handicaps in their offspring
10. Most of the know genetic disorders are transmitted through recessive
genes.

Chapter 4

1. Electrical activity in the developing organism �s brain does not reveal

distinct sleeping and waking patterns
2. (In person) Newborns remember voices heard in the womb
3. When drugs such as marijuana and alcohol are taken together, a higher
dosage of each is required before either becomes harmful
4. Fortunately, fetuses whose mothers carry the virus of AIDS develop a
natural immunity and thus are at lower risk of contracting AIDS from their
mothers
 5. Even moderate drinking (1/2 ounce or more per day) by a pregnant woman
may be harmful to the developing organism
6. Officially, a baby�s "due date� is established 266 days after conception
7. C-Sections account for less than 10 % of all births in the US
8. Today, most US births occur at home
9. Preterm babies tend to be more distractible then full-term babies
10. In both humans and other animals, there is a critical period of the
formulation of the parent-newborn bond.

Chapter 5

1. During the first year of life, most infants triple their body weight
2. Proportionally, all parts of the body grow at about the same rate during the
first two years
3. At birth, the nervous system contains only a fraction of the neurons the
developing person need
4. Al healthy infants develop the same motor skills in the same sequence
5. Age norms for the development of motor skills, such as sitting up and
walking, vary from group to group and place to place
6. At birth, newborns cannot focus well on objects at any distance
7. At birth, infants vision is better developed than their hearing
8. About 7 % of the world�s children are severely protein-calorie
malnourished in their early years
9. The primary causes of malnutrition in the developing countries is early
cessation of breast-feeding
10. Undernutrition during infancy always leads to permanent damage to the
underdeveloped brain.

Chapter 6

1. Most developmentalists consider perception to be an automatic process that

everyone experiences the same way
2. Only infants aged 9 months or older notice the difference between a solid
surface and an apparent cliff
3. If a 5-month-old drops a rattle out of the crib, the baby will not look down
to search for it
4. Infants younger than 6 months can categorize objects according to their
angularity, shape, and destiny
5. Infant�s long-term memory is actually very good
 6. Adults are generally unable to remember events that occurred before they
were about 2 year of age
7. Children the world over follow the same sequence in early language
development
8. Deaf babies begin to make babbling sounds several months later than hearing
infants do
9. When they first begin combining words, infants tend to put them in reverse
order, as in "juice more"
10. Most developmentalist believe that they "baby talk" adults use when
conversing with infants actually hinders language development.

Chapter 7

1. Infants come into the world equipped with the basic social predisposition
and skills that contribute to their development
2. Social referencing � searching the expressions of others for emotional cues
� becomes very important as infants being crawling and walking
3. Infants use their father for emotional cues in uncertain situations as much
as their mothers
4. In the traditional view of personality development, mothers and father
share equally in shaping infant character
5. According to Freud, an adult who eats, drinks, chews, bites, or smokes
excessively may have been weaned too early
6. The results of many controlled experiment support Freud�s theory of
infant development
7. (Changing Policy) According to the leading developmental psychologist, high-
quality day care, even during the infant �s first year, does not lead to
negative developmental outcomes
8. (research Report) In part because of inborn temperamental characteristics,
some children are more difficult to raise and harder to live with
9. Infants in different cultures manifest attachment to their primary
caregivers in different ways
10. Attachment patterns established in infancy almost never change.

Answer Key

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7

1. T 1. F 1. F 1. F 1. T 1. F 1. T

2. T 2. F 2. T 2. T 2. F 2. F 2. T

3. T 3. T 3. F 3. F 3. F 3. T 3. T

4. T 4. T 4. F 4. F 4. T 4. T 4. F

5. F 5. F 5. F 5. T 5. T 5. F 5. T

6. T 6. F 6. T 6. T 6. F 6. T 6. F

7. F 7. T 7. F 7. F 7. F 7. T 7. T

8. F 8. F 8. F 8. F 8. T 8. T 8. T

9. F 9. F 9. T 9. T 9. T 9. F 9. T

10. F 10. T 10. F 10. F 10. F 10. F 10. F