Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Statistics Authority

PRODUCTION and
MARKETING STATISTICS on:

Philippine Statistics Authority SWEET POTATO

http://psa.gov.ph
Volume 1 No. 1
PSA Regional Statistical Services Office XIII Caraga May 2021
Freeman Building, J.C. Aquino Ave., Butuan City 8600
Telephone: (6385) 225-5219 or 815-2878
Email Add: psacaraga_rsso13@yahoo.com.ph
psacaraga.rsso13@gmail.com

Featured Commodity: SWEET POTATO
Description and Common Varieties
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) or “yam” is locally known as
“camote” in the Philippines. The tuberous root is long and tapered,
with a smooth skin whose color ranges between yellow, orange, red,
brown, purple, and beige. Its flesh ranges from beige through white,
red, pink, violet, yellow, orange, and purple. Sweet potato varieties
with white or pale yellow flesh are less sweet and moist than those
with red, pink or orange flesh. Sweet potato is used as food, feeds,
and raw materials for processing. It is rich in carbohydrates, protein,
potassium, dietary fiber and vitamins.
High yielding varieties according to purpose:
• VSP 1, VSP 3 and VSP 5 and VSP 7 for ketchup, jam, beverage, and
fried chips.
• PSBSp 17, PSBSp 19, PSBSp 22 and PSBSp 24 for Pinoy (sweet
potato) fries.
 Recommended varieties such as PSBSp 20, PSBSp 21, PSBSp 22,
PSBSp 23, NSIC Sp 24, and NSIC Sp 26 for food, starch, flour and
animal feed.
Source : Sweet Potato Production Guide, DA
2 23
Notes
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 Notes Production and Area

50,000

_____________________________________ 45,000

_____________________________________
40,000

Quantity (in metric ton)

_____________________________________
35,000

30,000

_____________________________________ 25,000

_____________________________________ 20,000

_____________________________________ 15,000

_____________________________________
10,000

5,000

_____________________________________ 0 Camarines Northern Agusan del Negros Lanao del Agusan del

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Leyte Albay Tarlac Quezon Iloilo
Sur Samar Sur Occidental Norte Norte
(1st) (2nd) (3rd) (4th) (5th) (6th) (7th) (8th) (9th) (10th) (16th)
2017 48,487 40,560 38,181 34,598 27,864 26,146 21,624 18,190 16,110 16,120 7,774

_____________________________________ 2018
2019
42,545
43,824
42,280
43,819
37,348
38,805
30,414
28,058
27,772
27,220
25,663
25,832
20,374
22,957
18,223
18,186
16,387
16,508
15,021
14,900
7,599
8,461

_____________________________________ Fig. 1. Production of Sweet Potato in top producing provinces, Philippines, 2017 - 2019

_____________________________________
_____________________________________ Region
Caraga
Production (mt)
39,932
Caraga

_____________________________________ Other Regions 485,929 8%

Philippines 525,862

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_____________________________________ Other Regions

_____________________________________ 92%

Fig. 2. Percentage share of Caraga in the production of Sweet Potato, Philippines: 2019

22 3
 Production and Area Notes

Surigao del Norte Dinagat Islands

0.93%
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3.11%

Surigao del Sur

17.28% _____________________________________
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Agusan del Norte _____________________________________
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21.19% Agusan del Sur
57.49%

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Province
Agusan del Sur
Production (mt)
22,957 _____________________________________
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Agusan del Norte 8,461
Surigao del Sur 6,900
Surigao del Norte 1,243

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Dinagat Islands 372
Other Regions 966,729

Fig. 3. Percentage share in Sweet Potato production by province, Caraga: 2019

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Fig. 4. Area harvested for Sweet Potato in top producing provinces, Philippines, 2017-2019

4 21
 Explanatory Notes Production and Area

Caraga
7%

Region Area (ha)

Concepts of Seasonal Index Caraga 5,704
Other Regions 77,633
Philippines 83,338

Seasonal Index (SI) – a statistical tool that measures the average

price movements of a commodity in a given period of time. This
determines the changes in price over time.

SI is unit less but may be reported in percentage

Causes of Seasonality
Other Regions
93%
1. Calendar Effects – dates of national holiday like Christmas,
Lenten Season, etc.
2. Institutional Factors – Time, at which dividends are distributed,
periods at which the taxes are to be paid, dates when Fig. 5. Percentage share of Caraga in the area harvested for Sweet Potato, Philippines: 2019

bonuses and pensions are paid, etc.

3. Expectations – increase in demand for agricultural Agusan del Norte
13.15% Surigao del Norte
commodities during Christmas, fiestas, and other celebrated 3.17%
occasions.
Dinagat Islands
4. Weather or climate – during the times of typhoons and other Surigao del Sur 1.43%
climatic disturbances. 27.98%

Agusan del Sur

54.27%

Fig. 6. Percentage share in the total regional area Planted for Sweet Potato by province,
Caraga: 2019

20 5
 Production and Area Explanatory Notes

14.00
Quantity (in metric tons / hectare)
12.00 Price Types
10.00

8.00 Farmgate price – refer to prices received by farmers and

6.00 livestock raisers for the sale of their produce at the first point of
4.00 sale, net of freight costs.
2.00 Wholesale price – are further subdivided into two types:
0.00
Leyte Albay Tarlac
Camarin Northern
Quezon
Agusan
Negros Lanao
Occident del Iloilo
Agusan
del
a. Wholesale Buying Price (WBP) – the price at which
es Sur Samar del Sur
al Norte Norte traders pay for the commodities bought from farmers
2017 12.76 7.88 9.19 4.05 4.96 7.59 7.07 7.48 12.24 7.26 11.11
or traders.
2018 11.20 8.21 9.00 3.57 4.98 7.56 6.61 7.48 12.28 6.76 10.86
2019 11.53 8.51 9.35 3.29 4.88 7.60 7.42 7.49 12.34 6.73 11.28 b. Wholesale Selling Price (WSP) – the price at which
traders or distributors sell their commodities to other
Fig. 7. Average yield for Sweet Potato in top producing provinces,
Philippines: 2017-2019 traders and retailers.

Retail price – price received by retailers who sell commodities

directly to consumers. It is also the price at which a commodity
is sold in the spot or earliest point of delivery in small quantities
for consumption by an end user.

6 19
 Explanatory Notes Costs and Returns

Table 1. Average production costs and returns of Sweet Potato,

Philippines, 2017-2019 (in pesos per hectare)

ITEM 2017 2018 2019

Terms Used in Costs and Returns Analysis

Cash Costs 10,562 11,297 12,068

Seeds/Planting materials 154 165 180
Cash Costs – are those that direct cash outlays. Examples are Fertilizer 1,200 1,263 1,340
costs in purchasing planting materials, fertilizers, pesticides, Pesticides 248 238 277
hired labor, irrigation fee, land and machine rentals, fuel and oil Hired labor 5,321 5,813 6,284
and interest payment on crop loan. Land Tax 53 54 54
Caretaker/ Overseer's wages 30 33 35
Rentals 362 391 425
Non-cash Costs – expenditure items, which are paid in kind.
Fuel and oil - - -
Valuation is by means of the prevailing prices of the
Fuel 14 15 15
community. Generally, these non-cash costs represent the
Oil 4 4 4
portions of the farmer’s production that serve as payments to
Transport of Inputs 77 82 83
particular factors of production. Examples are landlord’s share,
Interest payment on crop loan 26 29 32
harvester’s share, thresher’s share and hired labor pain in kind. Storage costs 3 3 4
Electricity 19 20 20
Imputed Costs – do not involve actual outlays in cash or in kind; Water 3 3 3
they represent the costs using owned resources in a particular Landowner's share 649 697 758
activity and are given by the values of the best alternative uses Repairs 1,553 1,589 1,639
Food expenses 595 634 645
for gone. Examples are family on labor, depreciation, interest
Other costs paid in cash 251 264 270
on operating capital, and rental value of owned land.
Non-cash Costs 4,046 4,341 4,726
Seeds/Planting materials paid in kind 2,686 2,884 3,138
Net Profit-Cost Ratio – this is the amount earned (rate of return) Fertilizers paid in kind 7 7 8
by the farmer for every peso spent in production. Hired labor paid in kind 31 34 37
Harvester's share 173 183 201
Lease rental 10 11 12
Landlord's share 1,139 1,222 1,330

18 7
 Costs and Returns Seasonal Indices

Table 1. Average production costs and returns of Sweet Potato,

Philippines, 2017-2019 (in pesos per hectare) - Concluded

ITEM 2017 2018 2019 120

Imputed Costs 18,076 19,729 21,427 Retail
100
Planting materials 924 992 1,079 prices were
Fertilizers 14 14 15 80 above the
Pesticides - - - normal level

Index
Operator labor 6,569 7,176 7,758 60 in August to
Family labor 6,331 6,916 7,476 December.
40
Operator and family labor - - -
Exchange labor 137 150 162 20 Albay
Depreciation 387 425 468
Interest on operating capital 391 461 575 0
Rental value of owned land 1,185 1,273 1,385 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rentals 2,060 2,240 2,426 Month
Fuel 5 5 5
Transport cost of inputs 46 49 50
Storage costs 1 1 1 140
Land tax 21 21 21 Retail
120
Other costs 5 6 6 prices were
TOTAL COSTS 32,684 35,367 38,221 100 above the
normal level
80
in January

Index
GROSS RETURNS 1/ 100,412 106,634 117,051
60 and August
RETURNS ABOVE 89,850 95,336 104,982
to
CASH COSTS 40 December .
RETURNS ABOVE CASH 85,804 90,994 100,257 20 Tarlac
AND NON-CASH COSTS
0
NET RETURNS 67,728 71,265 78,830
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2/
NET PROFIT-COST RATIO 2.07 2.02 2.06 Month
3/
Cost per kilogram (P) 5.17 5.66 6.06
Yield per hectare (Kg.) 6,323 6,254 6,310 Figs. 14e-14f. Seasonal retail price indices for Sweet Potato,
Farmgate price (peso/kg) 15.88 17.05 18.55 by month, Philippines: 2010-2019
1/
Gross Returns = Yield x Farmgate Price
2/
Net Profit-Cost Ratio = Net Returns / Total Cost
3/
Cost per kilogram = Total Cost / Yield

8 17
 Seasonal Indices Costs and Returns

120

100 Indices 25,000

above nor-

Cost (in pesos/hectare)

80 mal were 20,000
recorded in
Index

60 January and 15,000

March to
40 August. 10,000
20 Agusan del Sur 5,000
-
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0
Month 2017 2018 2019

Cash Non-Cash Imputed

120
Indices
100 Fig. 8. Average costs of production of Sweet Potato by component,
above nor- Philippines: 2017-2019
mal were
80
recorded in
Index

60 January,
February
40 and
Leyte December .
20

0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

Figs. 14c-14d. Seasonal retail price indices for Sweet Potato,

by month, Philippines: 2010-2019

16 9
 Price Statistics Seasonal Indices

120

100 Indices
indicating
80 higher prices
were

Index
60
recorded in
40 January to
May and
20 Camarines Sur
October to
December.
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

Fig. 9. Monthly average farmgate prices of Sweet Potato, selected areas in the
Philippines : 2019
120
Retail
100 prices were
above the
80 normal level
in February

Index
60 to May,
September
40 and
December.
20 Northern Samar

0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

Figs. 14a-14b. Seasonal retail price indices for Sweet Potato,

by month, Philippines: 2010-2019

Fig. 10. Monthly average retail prices of Sweet Potato, selected areas in the
Philippines : 2019

10 15
 Seasonal Indices Price Statistics

140

120 High
100 indices were
observed in
Index

80 January,
60 March, April,
June, July
40 and Septem-
20
ber.
Agusan del Sur

-
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

Fig. 11. Monthly average farmgate prices of of Sweet Potato, Caraga provinces, 2019

140
Farmgate
120 prices were
100 above the
normal level
Index

80 in January,
April and
60
August to
40 October.

20 Negros Occidental

-
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month

Figs. 13e-13f. Seasonal farmgate price indices for Sweet Potato,

by month, Philippines: 2010-2019

Fig. 12. Monthly average retail prices of Sweet Potato, Caraga provinces, 2019

14 11
 Seasonal Indices Seasonal Indices

120 120

100 High 100 Indices

indices were above
80 observed in 80 normal were
January, May recorded in
Index

January,

Index
60 to Septem- 60
ber and April, June to
40 November to 40 July and
Leyte
December. September.
20 20 Northern Samar

0 0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month Month

120 140

100 Above 120 Indices

normal indi- indicating
80 ces were ob- 100 higher prices
served in 80 were

Index
Index

60 January, recorded in
March and 60 January and
40 October to August to
40
December December.
20 Albay 20 Quezon

0 -
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month Month

Figs. 13a-13b. Seasonal farmgate price indices for Sweet Potato, Figs. 13c-13d. Seasonal farmgate price indices for Sweet Potato,
by month, Philippines: 2010-2019 by month, Philippines: 2010-2019

12 13