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Chuyên đề ôn thi Đại học môn Anh - Passive voice (Câu bị động) - Cô Vũ Thu Phương (download tai tailieutuoi.com)
Chuyên đề ôn thi Đại học môn Anh - Passive voice (Câu bị động) - Cô Vũ Thu Phương (download tai tailieutuoi.com)
Chuyên đề ôn thi Đại học môn Anh - Passive voice (Câu bị động) - Cô Vũ Thu Phương (download tai tailieutuoi.com)
PASSIVE VOICE
Eg:+ They sweep the streets every night => The streets are swept (by them) every night.
- We don't water the flowers in the morning => The flowers are not watered in the morning.
? What do they call the new hotel? => what is the hotel called?
1. This well- known library attracts many people.
=>....................................................................................................................................
2. We don't often help her with the housework .=>
.......................................................................................................................................
3. Do they grow rice and wheat in the North of England?
=>.......................................................................................................................
2. Present continuous:
S + am/is/are + V_ing + Object
6. Past perfect:
Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
S + had + P2 + Object
Eg: Nobody told me that they had discharged John from hospital.
I was not told that John had been discharged from hospital.
1.After he had told a story , we clapped our hands=>
........................................................................................................................................
2.They had taken the victim to hospital before the police came. =>
........................................................................................................
3. Had they pulled down the building to make way for a new road before you came back?
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
................
4. She hadn't informed me of the date of the meeting before another classmate of mine told me about it.
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............
5.Someone had invented electric lights before I was born . =>
......................................................................................................................
7. Near future:
S + will/shall + V + Object
S + will/shall + be + P 2 + by + Agent
Eg: By the time you come back, they will have finished the project.
By the time you come back, the project will have been finished
1. By the time you come back here in 5 years' time, they will have knocked down those slums.
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............
2. " We will have liberated the South of Vietnam before the rainy season." The commander said.
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............
3. By the end of this year, we will have upgraded all the roads in the city.
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............
4. Don't phone us at 10 pm tonight. I won't have finished my work by then.
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............
5. How many letters will she have typed before the boss comes back?
=>.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............
Notes:
Active: Passive
Make sb do smth ========== Be made to do smth
The teacher is making us work hard We are being made to work hard by our teacher.
Help sb (to) do smth ========== Be helped to do smth
He helped me (to) repair the washing machine I was helped to repair the washing machine by him.
Be let do smth ( or be allowed to do smth ) (1)
Let sb do smth
Let oneself be done ( 2 )
(1) His parents didn't let him buy a motorbike => He wasn't let buy ( wasn't allowed to buy) a motorbike by his parents
(2) He let her cheat him => He let himself be cheated by her
1. The robber made everybody lie on the floor.
=>............................................................................................................................................
2. Don't worry! Our teacher will help us study English grammar.
=>...............................................................................................................
3. Don't let others see you
=>.............................................................................................................................................................................
4. They made us stay indoors while they were testing the new
weapon.=>.......................................................................................................
5. He let me use his car for a week
=>...............................................................................................................................................................
6. He has never let her look down on
him.=>…………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. The teacher made him stay after the class because he hadn’t done his homework.
=>…………………………………………………….
8. I will help you redecorate the room before Christmas comes.
=>………………………………………………………………………….
Active: Passive
See seen
Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
Notice noticed
Hear sb do smth ========== Be heard to do smth
Listen to sb doing smth listened doing smth
Watch watched
Eg: Someone saw him pick up a stone and throw it at the riot police.
He was seen to pick up a stone and to throw it at the riot police.
They saw him walking with his friend before he got lost.
He was seen walking with his friend before he got lost.
1. They saw him get on the car and drive
away.=>............................................................................................................................................
2. They have never heard him say nonsense.
=>................................................................................................................................................
3. We noticed him breaking into the house.
=>.................................................................................................................................................
* Modals and Auxiliary in the passive voice
Active: Passive
Can can
Could could
May may
Might might
Must must
S + ought to + V + Obj ========== S + ought to be + P2 + by + Agent
Should should
had better had better
have/has to have/has to
used to used to
Dùng (1) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại đơn, hoặc tương lai đơn:
He is said to be 100 years old.
The strike is expected to end soon.
There is said to be a secret tunnel between those two houses.
People said that he was a dedicated worker. => He was said to be a dedicated worker.
Dùng (2) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn, hoặc tương lai tiếp diễn:
They think that the terrorists are hiding in the mountain => The terrorists are thought to be hiding in the mountain.
People believe that she is studying abroad. => She is believed to be studying………..
Dùng (3) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành, hoặc quá khứ đơn:
People say that he escaped to a neutral country => He is said to have escaped to a neutral country.
People think that she has made progress in her studies. => She is thought to have made…….
People allge that he stole the money. => He is alleged to have stolen
Dùng (4) khi động từ trong mệnh đề phụ được chia ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn, hoặc tương lai hoàn thành
tiếp diễn:
People say that he has been playing football since he was 5.=> He is said to have been playing football since he
was 5
Chú ý: Be supposed to ( do) có thể được dùng theo hai nghĩa sau:
1. Tương đương nghĩa với Be said to (do): “ Được cho rằng”
This film is said/supposed to be very interesting.
Why was he arrested? He’s supposed to have kicked a policeman.
2. Để nói bổn phận hoặc nghĩa vụ ai đó phải làm gì tương đương với cấu trúc: It’s sb’s duty to do smth
It’s her duty to make tea at 8 o’clock. => She is supposed to make tea at 8 o’clock.
It’s his duty to lock the door after the school finishes. => He is supposed to lock….
Chú ý: đôi khi was/were supposed to con được dùng để nói một kế hoạch, sự sắp xếp nhưng thường khác so với
thức tế xảy ra: The train was supposed to arrive at 11.30 but it was an hour late.
You were supposed to clean the windows. Why didn’t you do it?
Need to do : Cần làm ( nghĩa chủ động) You need to work harder.
Need doing = need to be done : Cần được làm ( không có sự khác nhau khi dùng với vật)
This car needs to be serviced/ this car needs servicing.
I need to clean my shirt because it needs cleaning/ to be cleaned.
ở thê bị động, với người, chỉ dùng need to be done ( Không dùng need doing)
The old need to be looked after by the young. ( Không dùng need looking after)
VI. Passive infinitive ( Nguyên mẫu bị động)
Form: To be + Past participle
Eg: To be done/ made/ written….
Nguyên mẫu bị động có cách dùng tương ứng như nguyên mẫu chủ động:
I want you to repair the car now.=> I want the car to be repaired (by you) now.
I’d like someone to take me to the Opera House.=> I’d like to be taken to the Opera House.
This calculator is small enough to be kept in your pocket.
VII : Một số động từ quy định có thể được theo sau bởi THAT. . . SHOULD+ V (INF) : advise, agree,
arrange, ask, beg, command, decide, demand, determine, insist, order, propose, recommend, request, stipulate,
suggest, urge,prefer,decree. Note also: be anxious, be determined. ( Should đôi khi có thể được lược bỏ)
He insisted that his son (should) be named after his grandfather.
They have decided to sell the house => They have decided that the house (should) be sold.
They suggested making the tests easier.=> They suggested that the tests should be made easier.
She advised that we should keep the gate locked/ She advised keeping the gate locked.
=> She advised that the gate should be kept locked.
He suggested that a petition (should) be drawn up.
- It is/was + adjective + that. . . should
A that. . . should can be used after it is/was advisable, better, desirable, essential, imperative, important,
natural, necessary.
It is essential that rare animals (should) be protected.
It is advisable that everyone have a map.
It is essential for him to be prepared for this./ It is essential that he (should) be prepared for this.
It is only right that she (should) have a share.