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7/15/22, 9:40 PM - Nutritionist: Aoa
7/15/22, 9:41 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 9:44 PM - Zia Senior: Wsalam
7/15/22, 9:45 PM - Zia Senior: Neechy wala bana lo aor 3,4 eneterocyte draw krlo
wahan pe oski detail describe kr do
7/15/22, 9:47 PM - Zia Senior: Samjh ni ayi?
7/15/22, 9:47 PM - Nutritionist: Nhi😂
7/15/22, 9:48 PM - Nutritionist: Detail Jo likhi hui h slide m wo likhni h? Per sir
ny detail kha ni to q likhain
7/15/22, 9:48 PM - Zia Senior: Main apko aiq diagrame batata hun
7/15/22, 9:49 PM - Nutritionist: AP NY bna li h agr to bhj do...is m copy krny sy
marks deduct ni houn gye
7/15/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: Na likho phr tu
7/15/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: Bs diagrame bana lo
7/15/22, 9:50 PM - Nutritionist: Okay jazakallah
7/15/22, 9:53 PM - Zia Senior: Acha main apko aiq baat batao meri degree complete
ho gye thee mn wesy es group mn add hun takke contact rahu lecturea waghera sy ....
7/15/22, 9:55 PM - Zia Senior: Previous semester mn prh li thi main ne....agr phr
bhi kuch pouchna ho ap pouch lena
7/15/22, 9:56 PM - Nutritionist: Oh okay 👍
7/15/22, 9:56 PM - Zia Senior: 😊
7/15/22, 9:58 PM - Zia Senior: Abhi apko koi chez samjh ni aa raha ?
7/15/22, 9:59 PM - Nutritionist: Diagrams ki ni a rhi samjh konsi bnani..
7/15/22, 10:00 PM - Zia Senior: Mn batata hun apko
7/15/22, 10:01 PM - Nutritionist: Ok
7/15/22, 10:08 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 10:08 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 10:10 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 10:11 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 10:11 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/15/22, 10:11 PM - Zia Senior: Neechy wale 2no bana best suited rahen ge
7/15/22, 10:13 PM - Nutritionist: Okay thanks
7/15/22, 10:13 PM - Zia Senior: Welcome
7/16/22, 12:31 AM - Zia Senior: Mechanism of action of the shiga toxin. (1) Binding
of the bacterium to the gb-3 layer of the cell. (2) Production of the shiga toxin.
(3) Stx is transported to the Golgi complex. (4) Endocytosis of the toxin in the
cell. (5) Clathrin-enveloped vesicle formation. (6) The toxin is transported to the
Golgi complex. (7) Vesicle breaking and separation of pentamer B from the toxic A1
fraction. (8) Action of the A1 portion on the rRNA in the 28S portion, acting as N-
glyocsidase, replacing an Adenine moiety. (9) Inability to translate the RNA tape.
(10) Cell death.
Mechanism of action of the shiga toxin. (1) Binding of the bacterium to the gb-3
layer of the cell. (2) Production of the shiga toxin. (3) Stx is transported to the
Golgi complex. (4) Endocytosis of the toxin in the cell. (5) Clathrin-enveloped
vesicle formation. (6) The toxin is transported to the Golgi complex. (7) Vesicle
breaking and separation of pentamer B from the toxic A1 fraction. (8) Action of the
A1 portion on the rRNA in the 28S portion, acting as N-glyocsidase, replacing an
Adenine moiety. (9) Inability to translate the RNA tape. (10) Cell death.
7/16/22, 12:32 AM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/16/22, 12:33 AM - Nutritionist: Itni detail to slides m ni likhi hui jitni yhn
likhi h
7/16/22, 12:34 AM - Nutritionist: But it's very helpful ✨
7/16/22, 12:36 AM - Zia Senior: Final mn helpful hoga apke liye
7/16/22, 12:36 AM - Nutritionist: Okay
7/16/22, 12:36 AM - Zia Senior: Ap likh ke jain koi baat ni
7/16/22, 12:36 AM - Zia Senior: Oper diagram aor neechy expalaination
7/16/22, 1:03 AM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/16/22, 7:15 AM - Zia Senior: Mn so gaya tha
7/16/22, 7:17 AM - Zia Senior: Cholera is a diarrheal disease that remains an
important global health problem with several hundreds of thousands of reported
cases each year. This disease is caused by intestinal infection with Vibrio
cholerae, which is a highly motile gram-negative bacterium with a single-sheathed
flagellum. In the course of cholera pathogenesis, V. cholerae expresses a
transcriptional activator ToxT, which subsequently transactivates expressions of
two crucial virulence factors: toxin-coregulated pilus and cholera toxin (CT).
These factors are responsible for intestinal colonization of V. cholerae and
induction of fluid secretion, respectively. In intestinal epithelial cells, CT
binds to GM1 ganglioside receptors on the apical membrane and undergoes retrograde
vesicular trafficking to endoplasmic reticulum, where it exploits endoplasmic
reticulum-associated protein degradation systems to release a catalytic A1 subunit
of CT (CT A1) into cytoplasm. CT A1, in turn, catalyzes ADP ribosylation of α
subunits of stimulatory G proteins, leading to a persistent activation of adenylate
cyclase and an elevation of intracellular cAMP. Increased intracellular cAMP in
human intestinal epithelial cells accounts for pathogenesis of profuse diarrhea and
severe fluid loss in cholera. This review provides an overview of the
pathophysiology of cholera diarrhea and discusses emerging drug targets for
cholera, which include V. cholerae virulence factors, V. cholerae motility, CT
binding to GM1 receptor, CT internalization and intoxication, as well as cAMP
metabolism and transport proteins involved in cAMP-activated Cl(-) secretion.
Future directions and perspectives of research on drug discovery and development
for cholera are discussed.
7/16/22, 7:18 AM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/16/22, 12:16 PM - Nutritionist: Okay
7/20/22, 11:19 PM - Zia Senior: Pathologi ki assignment kr li hai
7/20/22, 11:19 PM - Zia Senior: Woh jo case studies thy ho gye
7/20/22, 11:20 PM - Nutritionist: Nhi bas 2 scenerio huy
7/20/22, 11:21 PM - Nutritionist: Group hi ni bna abi
7/20/22, 11:21 PM - Zia Senior: Kn kn sy
7/20/22, 11:21 PM - Zia Senior: Unki diagnosis kiya likhi hai
7/20/22, 11:22 PM - Nutritionist: Disease name
7/20/22, 11:22 PM - Nutritionist: AP pathology m ho?
7/20/22, 11:23 PM - Zia Senior: Hnji
7/20/22, 11:24 PM - Nutritionist: AP NY case studies kr li ?
7/20/22, 11:25 PM - Zia Senior: Han
7/20/22, 11:25 PM - Zia Senior: Aor apne
7/20/22, 11:26 PM - Nutritionist: Nhi🥲
7/20/22, 11:26 PM - Zia Senior: 1 a ka Buerger disease or thromboangitis obliterans
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Zia Senior: 3a ka Toxoplasmosis gondi
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Nutritionist: Yeah
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Nutritionist: Yahi hain
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Zia Senior: 2a ka mujhy Meningitis lagta hai
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Nutritionist: Me dykh k btati hun
7/20/22, 11:27 PM - Zia Senior: Jee mujhy bhi confirm krwa den😊
7/20/22, 11:28 PM - Nutritionist: Okay
7/20/22, 11:28 PM - Zia Senior: Thanks
7/20/22, 11:32 PM - Nutritionist: M b 2nd waly m hi confused thy...yhi rehta tha
Myra
7/20/22, 11:33 PM - Nutritionist: Meningitis hi ho ga
7/20/22, 11:33 PM - Zia Senior: Lg tu meningitis raha hai
7/20/22, 11:33 PM - Zia Senior: Yehi hoga
7/20/22, 11:34 PM - Nutritionist: G
7/20/22, 11:35 PM - Zia Senior: Theek hogya
7/20/22, 11:35 PM - Nutritionist: Case studies sari kr li hain?
7/20/22, 11:35 PM - Zia Senior: Yehi 3 thy
7/20/22, 11:36 PM - Nutritionist: Nhi
7/20/22, 11:36 PM - Nutritionist: Dietetics k
7/20/22, 11:36 PM - Zia Senior: Dietetics mn ni huj
7/20/22, 11:36 PM - Zia Senior: Wesy mujhy aty hn
7/20/22, 11:37 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:37 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:40 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:40 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:40 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:40 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:40 PM - Nutritionist: Yeah hain case studies
7/20/22, 11:43 PM - Zia Senior: Ap ne bs diet plan krna hai start mn data sara
likhna hai phr according to height weight age Harris benedict equation apply krke
calories nikal len
7/20/22, 11:43 PM - Zia Senior: Calories ke baad AMDR oske baad exchanges total
calories ke aor phr diet plan kr den
7/20/22, 11:44 PM - Zia Senior: Diagnosis bhi likh len
7/20/22, 11:44 PM - Nutritionist: Yeah Sara pta h ata b h but exchange list m
confused hun or diet plan to ata hi ni bnana🥲
7/20/22, 11:45 PM - Zia Senior: Acha apke pass krause ki book hai wahan exchanges
mentioned hn
7/20/22, 11:46 PM - Nutritionist: G h
7/20/22, 11:46 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:47 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:47 PM - Nutritionist: Apki voice ki samjh ni AA rhi shor boht h
7/20/22, 11:48 PM - Zia Senior: Acha mn batata hun
7/20/22, 11:49 PM - Nutritionist: M calculations likh kr bhj dun gy..AP koi ek case
study solve kr k bhj dein or voice m samjha dyna baqi phir m usk according kr lu
gy..
7/20/22, 11:49 PM - Nutritionist: AP bas exchange list or diet plan Kisi ek ka bna
dynaa
7/20/22, 11:51 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:53 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/20/22, 11:56 PM - Nutritionist: Okay jazakallah
7/20/22, 11:57 PM - Zia Senior: Welcome
7/20/22, 11:57 PM - Zia Senior: Agr samjh na aye koi chez pouch lena ap
7/20/22, 11:57 PM - Zia Senior: Buht easy hn itna mushkil ni hai
7/20/22, 11:58 PM - Zia Senior: According to disease hi planing krni hai sab yehi
hai es field mn
7/20/22, 11:59 PM - Nutritionist: Chlein Jo ni aye ga Puch lu gy 😊
7/20/22, 11:59 PM - Zia Senior: Jee theek ho gaya
7/21/22, 12:03 AM - Nutritionist: AP community nutrition m ho?
7/21/22, 12:07 AM - Zia Senior: Nhai os mn bhi ni hun😆
7/21/22, 12:07 AM - Zia Senior: Osmn bhi koi issue ho pouch lenA
7/21/22, 12:08 AM - Nutritionist: Road side dhaba menu.. google py mil hi ni rha
7/21/22, 12:09 AM - Nutritionist: Alcart menu,*
7/21/22, 12:09 AM - Zia Senior: Mujhy samjh ni ayi
7/21/22, 12:10 AM - Nutritionist: Restaurants m menu hoty hain jesy sath price
likhi hoti h wesy hi dhaba menu
7/21/22, 12:10 AM - Zia Senior: Dhaba menu pe kiya krna hai
7/21/22, 12:11 AM - Zia Senior: Mujhy ni samjh ayi
7/21/22, 12:12 AM - Zia Senior: 😆
7/21/22, 12:12 AM - Nutritionist: Ala-carte menu
Fast food Restaurant
High End Restaurant
Dhabba Menu
7/21/22, 12:12 AM - Zia Senior: Oh acha yeh main samjha pata ni kiya pouch rahi ho
7/21/22, 12:13 AM - Nutritionist: Haha
7/21/22, 12:14 AM - Zia Senior: Apko en mn sy kis ki samjh ni aa rahi
7/21/22, 12:14 AM - Nutritionist: Fast food restaurant mil gya h google sy
7/21/22, 12:14 AM - Nutritionist: But dhaba menu ni mil rhs
7/21/22, 12:15 AM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/21/22, 12:15 AM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/21/22, 12:15 AM - Nutritionist: Esy dhaba menu likhna
7/21/22, 12:16 AM - Zia Senior: Acha mn dekhta hun
7/21/22, 12:17 AM - Nutritionist: Okay
7/21/22, 12:18 AM - Zia Senior: Wesy es mn hoti salan roti , desi lassi, makhan aor
desi ghee yehi wali chezen dhaba pe common milti hai
7/21/22, 12:18 AM - Zia Senior: Sarsun ka saag
7/21/22, 12:19 AM - Nutritionist: G
7/21/22, 12:19 AM - Zia Senior: Aloo parathaas ,makki ki roti es trah ki
7/21/22, 12:20 AM - Nutritionist: Yeah
7/21/22, 12:20 AM - Nutritionist: Okay 👍
7/21/22, 12:20 AM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/21/22, 12:23 AM - Nutritionist: Seekh Kabab dhaba py hoty hain ?🫠
7/21/22, 12:24 AM - Zia Senior: Jo cheezen dhaba pe frequently milti hn ap wohi
likh len
7/21/22, 12:25 AM - Zia Senior: Chicken karadhaie mutton karadhaie anda burjhi aor
baqi salan roti waghera
7/21/22, 12:25 AM - Zia Senior: Apke favourite hn ?
7/21/22, 12:26 AM - Nutritionist: Nhi wesy hi pucha
7/21/22, 12:26 AM - Nutritionist: Thk h
7/21/22, 12:26 AM - Zia Senior: Acha jee
7/21/22, 12:28 AM - Zia Senior: Apka DNS ya BNS
7/21/22, 12:29 AM - Nutritionist: BNS
7/21/22, 12:29 AM - Nutritionist: Apka
7/21/22, 12:29 AM - Zia Senior: Mera DNS
7/21/22, 12:29 AM - Zia Senior: Mera name Zia hai
7/21/22, 12:30 AM - Nutritionist: Good
7/21/22, 12:34 AM - Zia Senior: 😊
7/22/22, 9:28 PM - Nutritionist: Pathology k b parts k ans bjna
7/22/22, 9:28 PM - Zia Senior: Konsy wale ka
7/22/22, 9:29 PM - Nutritionist: 3no k...
7/22/22, 9:29 PM - Zia Senior: 1a Buerger disease or thromboangitis obliterans
7/22/22, 9:29 PM - Nutritionist: B parts ka yeah to A part h
7/22/22, 9:30 PM - Zia Senior: 2b ka Kawasaki disease
7/22/22, 9:31 PM - Zia Senior: 3b ka Toxoplasmosis or toxoplasma gondii infection
7/22/22, 9:32 PM - Nutritionist: <Media omitted>
7/22/22, 9:33 PM - Zia Senior: Book hai apke pass inam danish ki?
7/22/22, 9:33 PM - Zia Senior: Agr nhi tu mn screen shots bejhta hun
7/22/22, 9:34 PM - Nutritionist: Nhi h
7/22/22, 9:34 PM - Nutritionist: AP in ans k screen shot bhj do
7/22/22, 9:34 PM - Zia Senior: Okay ho gaya
7/22/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/22/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/22/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/22/22, 9:49 PM - Zia Senior: <Media omitted>
7/22/22, 9:51 PM - Nutritionist: You deleted this message
7/22/22, 9:51 PM - Nutritionist: Okay 👍
7/22/22, 9:53 PM - Zia Senior: 😊