SALEM-Immanuel Lutheran College

Grade:
S3 Physics Worksheet (WS19)
Book 1 Chapter 4 Transfer Processes
Name: _______________________________
Class: ___________________( ) Date:___________

Heat Transfer Processes

A. Conduction
Definition:
Conduction is a process of heat transfer through a medium from the hot end to the cold end.

Example of Conductor: metal, aluminum (other reasonable answers ora) Example of Insulator: air, foam (ora)
Factors that increase the rate of conduction:

Good conducting materials.

Large temperature difference. T

Large cross section area. A

Short distance between two ends. d

B. Convection
Definition:
Convection is a process of heat transfer through a fluid by the movement of the fluid.
(Fluid = liquids or gases)
Examples of Fluid: water, air, soup (ora)

Convection Current:
Hot fluid rises (due to the low density of hot fluid)
Cold fluid sinks (due to the high density of cold fluid)

Daily examples of convection:

Ceiling mounted air conditioner
Floor heater (ora)
C. Radiation
Definition:
Radiation is a process of heat transfer which does NOT require any medium and takes
place in all directions.

Dull black surfaces: good radiator and good absorber.

Shiny surfaces: poor radiator and poor absorber.
P.1
Summary for the heat transfer processes
Conductor Insulator

Convection
current hot air

In all directions without medium

cold air

Application: Vacuum flask

- A vacuum flask keeps food hot or cold by reducing the
heat transfer between the food and environment through conduction,
convection and radiation.
Internal structure of vacuum flask Cork stopper helps
to reduce heat loss by
Vacuum layer between the
conduction
double glass walls helps
and convection.
to prevent heat loss by
conduction
and convection.
Silvery walls help to reduce
heat loss by
radiation.

Plastic support helps

to reduce heat loss by
conduction
.

P.2