Technical Vocational

Livelihood - ICT
 Module 3 – TVL ICT G12 – Q1

Introductory Message
To the Parents:
Greetings of good life!
This learning material is made for your child to learn the needed knowledge, skills, and
attitudes in COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II. This is composed of discussions
activities where your child can learn embedded links for supplementary learning resources
and suggested computer and mobile applications or software that your child may use for
simulations and applications. The Introduction is all about the knowledge that your child
already knows. This part connects what is already known and what is about to be learned.
The Development part provides the needed information and skills to be learned.
Engagement part has activities which will strengthen the mastery of the lesson. The
Assimilation part includes assessment to determine if your child has acquired the needed
skills and gives opportunity for your child to reflect for their own learning/life skills.
As a guardian, you have a great role in helping your child to learn while at home. Your
guidance is needed so that he/she can understand the lessons and instructions better.
Nevertheless, you may let him/her work independently so he/she can develop his/her skills
fully.
If you have any question or if your child needs help about the lesson, please do not
hesitate to call or message us. We are ready to assist you.
When you return this to school, his/her teacher will check and record your child
responses and progress.
Thank you for always showing love to your child by continuously helping them to learn!
To the Learner:

Greetings!
This learning material is designed especially for you. This is composed of discussions
and activities to further develop your knowledge, understanding and skills in COMPUTER
SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II. The lesson has four parts: Introduction, Development,
Engagement and Assimilation.
You are tasked to answer all the activities in this learning material using a clean sheet
of paper. Do not write anything on this learning material. You may ask the guidance of
your parents, guardian, brother and sisters while doing the activities. You are also expected
to attend the follow–up session on the schedule time provided for you. You have to finish
answering the activities before the date set by your teacher.
Your parents/guardian shall return this material together with your answers. Your
teacher shall check all your responses to the activities/exercises and shall inform you of your
progress.
Should you have any question about the lesson, or you find difficulty in understanding
the lesson or activity, do not hesitate to contact or message your teacher who is always ready
to assist you.
Happy learning!

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 BREAKING INTO PIECES

1
I. INTRODUCTION (PANIMULA)

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and prepared to help you achieved the required learning
competencies in preliminaries in setting up computer server. This will be the source of
information and activities for you to acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes on the
competencies listed below and learning outcome independently and at your own pace.

Learning Outcome: Determine the subnetwork of a given IP address.

Learning Competencies:

• Check network connectivity of each terminal in accordance with network design.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define subnet or subnetwork.

2. Determine the distribution of addresses.
3. Apply subnetting in solving problems related to networking.
4. Appreciate the importance of subnetting in planning a network design.

What’s New

In the space provided, write down the network-related numbers involve in the figure.

1. ______________________
2. ______________________
3. ______________________
4. ______________________
5. ______________________

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 II. DEVELOPMENT (PAGPAPAUNLAD)

What I know

Read and analyze each question. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer
on answer sheet provided.

1. Part of IP address identifies the network which a host resides.

A. CIDR C. Network ID
B. Subnet Mask D. Host ID
2. The method of breaking down a large network into smaller networks.
A. Subnetting C. Routing
B. IP addressing D. Crimping
3. Which of the identifies the number of bits on a subnets or networks?
A. IP address C. Host ID
B. CIDR D. Network ID
4. Which of the following defines the range of available host ID within a network?
A. Network ID C. CIDR
B. Host ID D. Subnet Mask
5. CIDR stands for ________________________.
A. Class Inter Domain Routing C. Class Inter Domain Range
B. Classless Inter Domain Routing D. Classless Inter Domestic Range
6. An IP address 192.168.0.0/25 has __________subnets.
A. 1 C. 4
B. 2 D. 6
7. Which formula is used to get the value of host bits or IDs?
A. 2n C. 2n
B. 2n - 2 D. 2n - 2
8. Which formula is used to determine the number of usable host IDs?
A. 2n C. 2n -2
B. 2 -2
n
D. 2n
9. Which of the following is the subnet mask of Class B CIDR 18?
A. N.H.H.H C. N.N.N.H
B. N.N.H.H D. H.H.H.H
10. What is the total number of usable host id of 128.10.0.3/ 18?
A. 16384 C. 16884
B. 16834 D. 16804

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 What’s In

Activity 1. Determine the new subnet mask of the IP address based on their CIDR value.

192.168.10.0/25 128.100.10.1/18 165.254.10.1/27 8.8.8.8/10

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Guide questions:

1. How do you able to determine the subnet mask of each IP address?

2. How CIDR value affects the value of subnet mask?

3. What is the importance of CIDR in subnet mask or to the network?

Activity 2. Analogy. Complete the table. Fill in the box with question marks (?)

MAC address URL Public IP NAT CIDR gateway

LOCAL AREA NETWORK INTERNET

IP ADDRESS (1) ? Private (2) ?

(3) ? ARP (4) ? DNS
Subnet mask (5) ? Router (6) ?

Activity 3. Give the numerical value of the following exponential numbers based 2.

27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

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 What’s Is It

Information Sheet 3.1 Subnetting

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7wNcYliJ1Q&t=244s

Subnetting – Used in dividing a large network into multiple small networks

Subnet mask - A number that defines a range of IP addresses available within a network.1
CIDR- stands for Classless Inter Domain Routing. It is the number of network bits.
Network ID – The portion of an IP address that identifies the TCP/IP network on which a host
resides.2
Host ID - Identifies a specific device on the network3
Broadcast ID - An IP address that is used to target all systems on a specific subnet network
instead of single hosts.4
Given:
Class C 192.168.0.0/25 CIDR:25

255 255 255 0

8bits 8bits 8bits 1
N N N H
8 + 8 + 8 + 1 = 25
Network bits = 25
N N N H

No. of Network = 2n, wherein n indicated total number of bits borrowed from host.
2n = 21 = 2 networks

No. of IP address on each network = 2n wherein n indicated total number of host bits.
2n = 27 = 128 networks (on each network)

No. of host (usable Host ID) on a network

2n – 2 wherein n indicated total of remaining host bits

27 – 2 = 126

Note: in every network, the first IP address is reserved for network ID and the last IP
address is reserved for broadcast ID

References:
1
https://techterms.com/definition/subnet_mask
2
https://networkencyclopedia.com/network-id/#:~:text=Network%20ID%20is%20the%20portion,the%20host%20within%20its%20network.
3
https://www.howtogeek.com/341307/how-do-ip-addresses-work/
4
https://www.se.com/my/en/faqs/FA22433/

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Another example:

Class B 128.10.0.3/18 subnet mask: N.N.H.H CIDR:18

Solution:
No. networks = 2n=22 = 4 No. of IP per Network = 214 = 16384
16384 – 2 =16,382 usable Host IP
Another method is through table

Subnet 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Host 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Subnet Mask /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32

Using the same given: 192.168.0.0/25 we will create 3 subnets

Subnet 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Host 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Subnet Mask /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32

We use 4 for the no. of subnet since 3 is WITHIN the boundary of 4.

Network ID Subnet Host ID Range # of Broadcast ID

Mask Usable
Host
192.168.0.0 /26 192.168.0.1 -192.168.0.62 62 192.168.0.63
192.168.0.64 /26 192.168.0.65 -192.168.0.126 62 192.168.0.127
192.168.0.128 /26 192.168.0.129 -192.168.0.190 62 192.168.0.191
192.168.0.192 /26 192.168.0.1 -192.168.0.254 62 192.168.0.255

The new subnet mask will be /26 or 255.255.255.192

We have 62 usable Host ID since the 1st IP address reserved for Network ID and the
last IP is reserved for Broadcast ID.
We can use the 3 networks as subnetworks of IP address 192.168.0.0/25 with new
subnet mask 255.255.255.192.

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 Information Sheet 3.2 Solving Subnetting problems
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxAwQB8TZsM

Problem#1 Determine if 192.168.0.141 and 192.168.0.188 are on the same network if the
subnet mask is 255.255.255.192.

Solution:

8bits 8bits 8bits

27 x 1 26 x 1 25 x 0 24 x 0 23 x 0 22 x 0 21 x 0 20 x 0
=128 =64 =0 =0 =0 =0 =0 =0
128 + 64 +0 +0 +0 +0 +0 +0= 192

11111111 11111111 11111111 1100000

2n =22 = 4 subnetworks

64 – 2 = 62 usable Host ID

1. 192.168.0.1 -192.168.0.62
2. 192.168.0.65 – 192.168.0.126
3. 192.168.0.129 – 192.168.0.190
4. 192.168.0.193 – 192.168.0.254

Answer: Yes, both IP addresses (192.168.0.141 and 192.168. 0.188) belong to the same
network on subnet mask 255.255.255.192

CIDR value = 8+8+8+2 = 26 = /26

Problem#2 Determine the CIDR or subnet mask of the network. .

192.168.10.34 192.10.1.50

192.168.10.45 192.10.1.62

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Solution:

1. Identify the IP class: Class C

2. Use Class C subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 or 8bits.8bits.8bits.0bits

3. Use trial and error starting at /25 and plotting until we get the correct answer.
Ex.
/25 21 = 2 networks Remarks
In binary format, the 25 bit is 2 = 128
th 7
Therefore, there are 128 IP addresses
per network (including Host ID and
Broadcast ID).

0 - 127 All IP addresses belong to 1 network

128 - 255 Therefore /25 is not the answer

Until,

/28 24 = 16 networks Remarks

In binary format, the 28th bit is 24 = 16 Therefore, there are 16 IP addresses
per network (including Host ID and
Broadcast ID).

0 - 15 If we already got the answer, we don’t

16 - 31 need pursue until 16th networks. Since,
32 – 47 network1 192.168.10.34 and192.168.10.45 are on
48 – 63 network2 the same network (network1). IP
64 -79 addresses 192.10.1.50 and 192.10.1.62
belongs also on the same network
(network2).

4. The right answer is /28, on this subnet mask, we have 24 = 16 networks and 14
usable Host ID.

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III. ENGAGEMENT (PAKIKIPAGPALIHAN)
What’s More

Activity 1: MATCHING TYPE

Match the given IP address in Column A with its corresponding subnet mask using CIDR in
Column B

Column A Column B
1. 110.0.0.0 /12 A. 255.255.192
2. 192.100.10.0 /27 B. 255.255.255.240
3. 130.34.100.0 /18 C. 255.255.255.224
4. 210.50.0.0 /28 D. 255.254
5. 12.12.3.0 /15 E. 255.240.0.0

Activity 2: TRUE OR FALSE

Write CPU if the statement is True or correct and RAM if the statement is False or incorrect.
Underline the word/s or phrase/s that make/s the statement incorrect.

1. Subnetting is used to duplicate small networks.

2. The portion of IP address that tells about how many devices may be available is
HOST ID.
3. Subnet mask can be determine using IP address only.
4. There are 6 host count in 192.168.2.0 /29.
5. The 192.10.2.10 is included in the subnetwork of 192.10.2.4 /25

Activity 3: Determine the number of usable hosts for each IP addresses.

1. 120.10.0.0/15
2. 128.20.0.0/18
3. 195.254.10.0/25
4. 115.96.0.0/12
5. 165.20.10.0/27

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 What I Can Do

Learners will choose the type of performance task depends on his/her capability and
accessibility to internet.

PERFORMANCE TASK A (Learners without materials or gadgets and no internet access)

Learners will divide the IP address 192.168.10.0/27 into 5 subnetworks. Using the table
below. Show the following a) Network IDs, subnet mask, range of usable Host ID and
Broadcast ID.

Network ID Subnet Host ID Range # of Broadcast ID

Mask Usable
Host

PERFORMANCE TASK B (Learners with materials or gadgets, limited internet access or

with internet connections)

Using packet tracer, create a simulation of 5 subnetworks of IP address 192.168.10.0/27.

Use one computer only (IP address within the range usable Host ID) per network.

CISCO PACKET TRACER Mobile can be downloaded from Google PlayStore. Learners will
send a videoclip through screen recording or screenshot to the subject teacher for
assessment/evaluation. NOTE: Login as GUEST

Disclaimer: Please check the gadgets’ specifications or application requirements to avoid

problems. The subject teacher and the school will not be liable of any lost of data or damages
may occur upon installation this software.

Rubrics for Performance Task

Criteria Score (5 is the highest and
1 is the lowest)
5 4 3 2 1
Following directions or instructions.
Organization of contents or details
Completeness
Skills Applied or Workmanship
Creativity

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 Additional Activities

A. Given an IP address 165.245.10.0 /26

Determine the following:
a) Network IDs,
b.) Subnet mask,
c.) Range of usable Host ID
d.) Broadcast ID.

Network ID Subnet Host ID Range # of Broadcast ID

Mask Usable
Host

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 III. ASSIMILATION (PAGLALAPAT)
What I have Learned

SUBNETTING TERMS

Subnetting – Used in dividing a large network into multiple small networks

Subnet mask - A number that defines a range of IP addresses available within a network.
CIDR- stands for Classless Inter Domain Routing. It is the number of network bits.
Network ID – The portion of an IP address that identifies the TCP/IP network on which a host
resides.
Host ID - Identifies a specific device on the network
Broadcast ID - An IP address that is used to target all systems on a specific subnet network
instead of single hosts.

DIFFERENT CALCULATIONS IN SUBNETTING

No. of Network = 2n, wherein n indicated total number of bits borrowed from host.
2n = 21 = 2 networks

No. of IP address on each network = 2n wherein n indicated total number of host bits.
2n = 27 = 128 networks (on each network)

No. of host (usable Host ID) on a network

2n – 2 wherein n indicated total of remaining host bits
27 – 2 = 126

Note: in every network, the first IP address is reserved for network ID and the last IP
address is reserved for broadcast ID

SCHEMATIC METHODS

Subnet 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Host 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
Subnet Mask /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 /31 /32

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 Assessment

Part I. Choose the Letter of the best answer.

1. Part of IP address identifies the network which a host resides.
A. CIDR C. Network ID
B. Subnet Mask D. Host ID
2. The method of breaking down a large network into smaller networks.
A. Subnetting C. Routing
B. IP addressing D. Crimping
3. Which of the identifies the number of bits on a subnets or networks?
A. IP address C. Host ID
B. CIDR D. Network ID
4. Which of the following defines the range of available host ID within a network?
A. Network ID C. CIDR
B. Host ID D. Subnet Mask
5. CIDR stands for ________________________.
A. Class Inter Domain Routing C. Class Inter Domain Range
B. Classless Inter Domain Routing D. Classless Inter Domestic Range

Part II. Match the items in column A that best corresponds with the items in column B.

Column A Column B
6. Class A A. /26
7. Class B B. 192.168.10.1
8. Class C C. 255.0.0.0
9. Network ID D. 220.20.10.0
10. CIDR E. 16

Part III. Given: 190.252.10.0/25.Determine the following 11.) how many networks 12.)
network ID’s 13) broadcast ID 14) range of usable host and 15) subnet mask of each
network.

V. REFLECTION (PAGNINILAY)
On the following reflections, write only maximum of 5 sentences.

A. List 5 keywords of what you have learned or best describe the lesson
B. Why is it important to learn about the lesson?
C. How will I apply what I have learned?
D. What are the difficulties I encountered in learning this module?

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 Answer key

What I What’s In What’s More

know
PRETEST Activity 1. Activity 2 Activity 1:
1. C 1. 255.255.255.128 1. MAC address 1. E
2. A 2. 255.255.192.0 2. Public 2. C
3. B 3. 255.255.255.224 3. NAT 3. A
4. D 4. 255.192.0.0 4. URL 4. B
5. B Guide Questions: 5. CIDR 5. D
6. B 1. By using 6. Gateway
7. C Classification of IP Activity 2.
8. B address. Activity 3. 1. False
9. B 2. CIDR identifies the 1. 128 2. True
10. A new subnet mask on 2. 64 3. True
the subnetworks. 3. 32 4. True
3. To know which 4. 16 5. True
network a host 5. 8
belongs to. 6. 4 Activity 3.
7. 2
8. 1 1. 131070
2. 16382
3. 126
4. 1048574
Additional Activities 5. 30

Network ID Subnet Mask Host ID Range # of Broadcast ID

Usable
Host
165.245.10.0 255.255.255.192 165.245.10.1 - 165.245.10.62 62 165.245.10.63
165.245.10.64 255.255.255.192 165.245.10.65 - 165.245.10.126 62 165.245.10.127
165.245.10.128 255.255.255.192 165.245.10.129 -165.245.10.190 62 165.245.10.191
165.245.10.192 255.255.255.192 165.245.10.193 - 165.245.10.254 62 165.245.10.255

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Answer Key for the Assessment

1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. B
6. C
7. E
8. B
9. D
10. A
11. 2
12. 190.252.10.0 and 190.252.10.128
13. 190.252.10.127 and 190.252.10.225
14. Network1 190.252.10.1 to 190.252.10.126, Network2 190.252.10.127 to 190.252.10.254
15. 255.255.255.128

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References:
Christensson, P. (2019, February 14), Techterms.com, Subnet Mask Definition, accessed
2020, August16, from <https://techterms.com https://techterms.com/definition/subnet_mask>

Network Encyclopedia , Network ID, accessed 2020, August 16 from

<https://networkencyclopedia.com/network-
id/#:~:text=Network%20ID%20is%20the%20portion,the%20host%20within%20its%20networ
k.>

Walter Glenn, 2018 February 12,How -to-geek.com, How Do IP Addresses Work?, accessed
2020, August 16 from <https://www.howtogeek.com/341307/how-do-ip-addresses-work/>

Schneider Electric, 2020 July 21, se.com, What is the broadcast address in terms of Ethernet
network, accessed 2020, August 16 from <https://www.se.com/my/en/faqs/FA22433/>

Technical Tech. 2017 December 7. Basics of Subnetting | How to find Subnet Mask, Network
ID, Host IP Address from CIDR Value | 2018. YouTube. Retrieved August 16, 2020 from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7wNcYliJ1Q&t=244s

Professor Messer. 2017 March 20. Professor Messer - Seven Second Subnetting. YouTube.
Retrieved August 16, 2020 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxAwQB8TZsM

Software and Applications

Cisco Systems, Inc. Cisco Packet Tracer Mobile, updated May 12, 2017. Google Play Store
Accessed 16, 2020

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