01-2. Determinant (Page 46-65)

46 An Exclusive Parallel Text Book Of Mathematics ASPECT MATH
 ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES 
ASPECT SERIES 
π   g¨vwUª· I wbY©vqK cÖ_g cÎ 

 [MATRIX & DETERMINATION] 1g


Aa¨vq
2q Ask: wbYv© qK [DETERMINATION]
SURVEY TABLE  Kx coe?  †Kb coe?  †Kv_v n‡Z coe?  KZUzKz coe? 
VVI For
MAKING DECISION [†h Kvi‡Y co‡e]
TOPICS MAGNETIC DECISION [hv co‡e] This Year
DU JnU JU RU OU S&T Engr. HSC Written MCQ
CONCEPT-01 Abyivwk ev Minor wbY©q 15% 5% 5% 5% 10% 5% 5% 5% ** ***
CONCEPT-02 mn¸bK [Co-factor] 15% 10% 10% 5% 5% 10% 5% 10% * **
CONCEPT-03 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb wbY©q 40% 20% 30% 40% 20% 50% 30% 10% *** ***
CONCEPT-04 GKwU ARvbv PjK _vK‡j gvb wbY©q 70% 80% 70% 40% 40% 60% 70% 60% *** **
CONCEPT-05 me¸‡jv ARvbv PjK _vK‡j gvb wbY©q 60% 70% 40% 30% 20% 6% 90% 80% *** **
DU. = Dhaka University, JnU. = Jagannath University, JU. = Jahangirnagar University, RU. = Rajshahi University,
OU = Others University, S&T = Science & Technology, Engr. = Engineering.
a 11 a 12 a 13
 wbY©vqK: wbY©vqK GKwU we‡kl AvKv‡i wjwLZ wbw`©ó GK cÖKv‡ii ivwk| wbY©vqK‡K mvaviYZ | | Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| †hgb- A  a 21 a 22 a 23
a 31 a 32 a 33
wbY©vq‡Ki cÖwZwU Dcv`v‡bi GKwU K‡i wPý Av‡Q| Dcv`v‡bi Ae¯’v‡bi msL¨v¸‡jvi †hvMdj †Rvo n‡j wPý abvZ¥K nq, wKš‘ we‡Rvo n‡j wPý FYvZ¥K nq|
†hgb- ' a11' Gi wPý abvZ¥K, wKš‘ ' a12 ' Gi wPý FYvZ¥K|
 g¨vwUª· I wbY©vq‡Ki cv_©K¨:
g¨vwUª· wbY©vqK
mvwi I Kjvg mgvb n‡ZI cv‡i bvI n‡Z cv‡i| mvwi I Kjvg msL¨v Aek¨B mgvb|
g¨vwUª· Gi †Kvb mywbw`©ó gvb †bB, ïay Acv‡iUi wnmv‡e KvR K‡i| wbY©vq‡Ki mywbw`©ó exRMwYZxq gvb Av‡Q|
µg m  n n‡j, fzw³ m.n µg n n‡j, †gvU fzw³ n2
g¨vwUª·‡K †Kvb ayªe ivwk Øviv ¸Y Ki‡j Zvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU fzw³‡K H ayªe wbY©vqK‡K †Kvb ayªe ivwk Øviv ¸Y Ki‡j Zvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU fzw³‡K ¸Y bv K‡i
msL¨v Øviv ¸Y Ki‡Z nq| ïaygvÎ †h †Kvb GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi fzw³¸‡jvi mv‡_ ¸Y Ki‡Z nq|
CONCEPT 01  Abyivwk ev Minor wbY©q

Technique: cix¶vq †hfv‡e Abyivwk †ei Ki‡e:
Step-1: †h ivwk ev msL¨vi Abyivwk †ei Ki‡Z ej‡e wVK †mB ivwk eivei Row Ges Column ev` `vI|
Step-2: evwK Dcv`vb ¸‡jv w`‡q wbY©vqK MVb Ki| †mwUB Abyivwk|
Step-3: gvb ‡ei Ki‡Z ej‡j mvaviY wbq‡g wbY©vq‡Ki gvb †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
5 6 7
MODEL EXAMPLE-01 : 1 2 3 wbY©vqKwUi 1 Ges 7 Gi Abyivwk †ei Ki |
3 6 9
GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] & [MCQ]
Step-1: 1 msL¨vwU 1 bs Column Ges 2 bs Row †Z Av‡Q e‡j 1 Column bs Ges 2 Row bs ev` `vI
6 7
Step-2: evwK PviwU Dcv`vb w`‡h (2  2) gvÎvi wbY©vqK MVb Ki| †mwUB Abyivwk| †hgb- 1 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwk 
6 9
Step-3: gvb ‡ei Ki‡Z ej‡j AvovAvwo ¸b K‡i gvb †ei Ki| †hgb- 1 Gi Rb¨ gvb = (6  9 – 7  6) = 12
1 2
7 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwk  Ges 7 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwki gvb  (1 6  2  3)  0
3 6
ASPECT MATH cÖ_g cÎ  g¨vwUª· I wbY©vqK (2q Ask: wbY©vqK) 47
2 1 5
MODEL EXAMPLE-02 : 4 3  2 wbY©vqKwUi –1 Ges 0 Gi Abyivwk †ei Ki|
1 0 6
4 2
–1 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwk → Ges –1 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwki gvb = (4  6 – 1  (–2)) = 26
1 6
2 5
0 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwk → Ges 0 Gi Rb¨ Abyivwki gvb = (2  (–2) – 4  5) = –24
4 2
MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

1 2 3
01. A  4 5 6 G '5' Dcv`v‡bi Abyivwk KZ? Ans. – 12
7 8 9
 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF BOARD QUESTION
JU 1 1 3
01. 0 1 x wbY©vqKwUi (1, 2)Zg Abyivwk 3 n‡j, x Gi gvbÑ
2 3 1 1 3 3
01. A = 4 5 9  n‡j, 7 Dcv`vbwUi Abyivwk †KvbwU? [JU. 19-20]
[h.†ev: 2019]
6 7 8
A. –4 B. 14 C. –15 D. 32 A. 12 B. 3
C. 3 D. 12
n 7 Gi Abyivwk =2 1= 18 – 4 = 14
olve
S B Sol 4 9  1 1 3
S C Sol n 0 1 x wbY©vqKwUi (1, 2)Zg Abyivwk = 1 3= – x
0 x
olve
 5 0 3
02. –2 1 4G 4 Abyivwk †KvbwU? [JU-A. 17-18] 1 3 3
 7 2 7 kZ©g‡Z, – x = –3  x = 3
A. 10 B. –10 C. 8 D. 5
02. A = 
2 3
n 4 Gi Abyivwk =5 0= (10 – 0) = 10 5 4
n‡jÑ [wm.†ev: 2017]
olve
S A Sol 7 2 (i) |A| = –7

(ii) (1, 2) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK 5
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
(iii) (2, 1) Zg fzw³i Abyivwk 3
PUST wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1 –1 5 A. i I ii B. i I iii
01. 0 1 xwbY©vqKwUi (1, 2) Zg Abyivwk –6 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
C. ii I iii D. i, ii I iii
2 –3 4
S B Sol n A = 5 4 n‡j |A| = 0
[PUST-B. 17-18] 2 3
olve
A. –2 B. –3 C. 3 D. 6
S C Sol n wbY©vq‡Ki (1, 2) Zg Abyivwk = (0 – 2x) = – 2x (1, 2) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK = (–1)1+2 |5| = –5
olve
cÖkœg‡Z, –2x = – 6  x = 3 (2, 1) Zg fzw³i Abyivwk = |3| = 3
CONCEPT 02  mn¸bK [Co-factor]

Technique: cix¶vq †hfv‡e mn¸bK †ei Ki‡e:
Step-1: Abyivwk †ei Kivi c×wZ Aej¤^b K‡i cÖ_‡g Abyivwk †ei Ki
Step-2: Abyivwk mvg‡b (–1)R+C m~G eënvi K‡i h_vh_ wPý emvI| †mwUB mn¸YK| †hLv‡b R = mvwi, C = Kjvg
A_©vr, Abyivwk‡K D³ Dcv`v‡bi wPý w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡j mn¸YK cvIqv hvq|
Note: wbY©vqK‡K †Kvb wKQz w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡j †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU Kjvg A_ev †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU mvwi‡Z ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
Example: A = 
a b
c d n‡j, Ax = ?
Solve: Ax = 
ax bx  a b  ax b a bx
 c d  ev, cx dx ev, cx d ev, c dx
a1 b1 c1
 
MODEL EXAMPLE-01 : a2 b2 c2 G b3 Gi mn¸YK KZ?
 
a3 b3 c3
b3 Gi mn¸YK =  1
3 2 a1 c1 a1 c1
=
a2 c2 a2 c2
1 0 2
MODEL EXAMPLE-02 : A 2 1 3 G A12 Gi mn¸YK Ges A21 Gi Abyivwk KZ?
1 5 0
0 2
A21 Gi Abyivwk = (1)2+1
2 3
A12 Gi mn¸YK =  11 2  3
5 0  =  (0  5  (–2)) =  10
1 0
MODEL EXAMPLE-03 : wb‡¤œi wbY©vq‡Ki (–2a) Gi mn¸YK KZ? [KUET. 11-12; RUET. 14-15]
2 2
1 + a – b 2ab –2b 
 
2 2
2ab 1 – a + b 2a
 2b –2a 1 – a2 – b2
1 + a2 – b2 –2b
(–1)3+2 
 2ab
3 2 2 2 2
2a = (–1) [2a + 2a – 2ab + 4ab ] = – 2a(1 + a + b )

1 2 3
01. A 4 5  6 G '–6' Dcv`v‡bi mn¸YK KZ? Ans. 6
7 8 9

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 2 3 1
S B Sol 4 5 9
n
olve
DU 6 7 8
2 –1 5  7 Gi Co-factor (–1)3+2 
2 1 2 1
01. D = 4 3 –2 wbY©vq‡Ki 0 Gi mn¸YKÑ [DU. 97-98] 4 9= – 4 9= –14
1 0 6
A. 18 B. –24 C. 16 D. 24 STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
S D Sol n 0 Gi mn¸YK = – 4 –2= – (–4 – 20) = 24
2 5
JUST
olve
01. 
1 2
1 2 3
3 4
g¨vwUª· G 2 Gi mn¸YK KZ? [JUST. 13-14]
02. 4 5 6 wbY©vqKwUi Ô6Õ Gi mn¸YK KZ? [DU. 95-96]
A. –1 B. –2 C. –3
7 8 9 D. –4 E. –5
3+2
S C Sol n 2 Gi mn¸YK = (–1) |3| = –3
olve
1 2 7 8 1  2 1  2
A. B. C. D.
7 8 1  2 7 8 7 8 MBSTU
1 2 1  2 1 0 2
S C Sol n Ô6Õ Gi mn¸YK =  7 8  7
olve
8 01. X = 1 2 0  n‡j X Gi (3, 2) Zg mn¸YK KZ?

0 –2 3 
[MBSTU-A. 16-17]
IU
A. 0 B. –2 C. 2 D. –3
2 3 1 n (3, 2) Zg Dcv`vbwU 2 Gi mn¸YK
olve
01. 4 5 9 wbY©vqKwUi 7-Gi cofactor-Gi gvbÑ [IU-F. 12-13]

S C Sol
6 7 8 = – 1 0 = – (0 – 2) = 2
1 2
A. 14 B. –14 C. 23 D. –23
STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION  2 3 1
02.  5 6 0 wbY©vqKwUi (2, 3) Zg mn¸YK †KvbwU? [mKj.†ev: 2018]
KUET 2 1 4
2 –3 7 5 A. 8 B. 3
01. 
3 205 1 u
wbY©vq‡Ki “1” Gi mn¸YK n‡jvÑ C. 8 D. 17
 –1 97 4 
[KUET. 14-15]
3
0 –7 k 7  2 3 1
S A Sol  5 6 0 wbY©vqKwUi (2, 3) Zg mn¸YK = (–1) –2 1
n 2+3 2 3
olve
A. u B. k C. 0
2 1 4
D. –935 E. –297
= – (2 + 6) = –8
S C Sol n 1 Gi (mvwi + Kjvg) = (2 + 3) = 5  we‡Rvo
olve
 5 0 1
2 –3 5 2 3 3 03. –3 2 3wbY©vq‡K (2, 1) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK KZ? [Xv.†ev: 2017]
 1 Gi mn¸YK = – 3 –1 4= 3 1 1 = 0 [C3 = C3 – C1]  6 7 –1
0 –7 7 0 7 7 A. –7 B. –3
C. 3 D. 7
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF BOARD QUESTION
 5 0 1
S D Sol –3 2 3wbY©vq‡K (2,1) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK
n
olve
3 2 4   6 7 –1
01. 0 3 6 wbY©vqKwUi- [iv.†ev: 2019]
1 1 2 = (–1)2+1
0 1
(i) gvb 0
7 –1= –1(0 – 7) = 7
(ii) (2, 3) Zg fzw³i Abyivwk 5  1 –2 3
04.  0 1 –2G (1, 2) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK †KvbwU? [P.†ev: 2017]
(iii) (2, 1) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK 0 –1 0 2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A. –4 B. –2
A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. 2 D. 4
C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii  1 –2 3
S C Sol  0 1 –2G (1, 2) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK
n
olve
3 2 4 –1 0 2
S C Sol 0 3 6= 3(– 6 + 6) – 2(0 – 6) + 4(0 – 3)
n
olve
i.
0 –2
1 1 2 = (–1)2+1 
–1 2= – (0 – 2) = 2
= 0 + 12 – 12 = 0
5 0 1
3 2 4  05. 3 2 3  wbY©vq‡Ki (2, 1) Zg fzw³i mn¸YK KZ? [Xv.‡ev. 2017]
ii. 0 3 6 wbY©vqKwUi (2, 3) Zg f~w³i AYyivwk  6 7 1
1 1 2
A. 7 B. 3
=
3 2
1 –1= – 3 – 2 = –5 C. 3 D. 7
3 2 4  5 0 1
iii. 0 3 6wbY©vqKwUi (2,1) Zg f~w³i mn¸YK S D Sol 3 2 3  Gi we¯Í…wZ‡Z,
n
olve
1 1 2  6 7 1
(2, 1)Zg fzw³i mn¸YK =  
0 1
= (–1)2+1
2 4
–1 –2= – (– 4 + 4) = 0 7 1=  (0  7) = 7
CONCEPT 03  wbY©vq‡Ki gvb wbY©q

Technique: wbY©vq‡Ki gvb : †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki †h †Kvb mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Gi Dcv`vbmg~n I Zv‡ì wbR wbR mnivwki ¸Yd‡ji mgwóB wbY©vq‡Ki gvb|
a1 b1 c1
a2 b2 c2 wbY©vq‡Ki a1, a2, a3-Gi mn¸YK h_vµ‡g A1, A2, A3 n‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb n‡e
 a3 b 3 c3 
= a1A1 + a2A2 + a3A3 = a1
b2 c2 b1 c1 b1 c1
b3 c3+ a2  – b3 c3+ a3b2 c2
Technique: wbY©vq‡Ki gvb †h fv‡e †ei Ki‡Z n‡e-
Step-1: wbY©vq‡Ki 1g, 2q I 3q mvwi †jLvi ci 1g I 2q mvwi cybtivq wb‡P wjL‡Z n‡e|
Step-2: Zvici Ggb fv‡e Zxi KvU‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZwU Zx‡i wZbwU K‡i msL¨v _v‡K|
Step-3: cÖwZwU Zx‡ii msL¨v¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`v fv‡e ¸b K‡i †hvMKi|
Step-4: AZtci wb‡Pi Zx‡ii †hvMdj n‡Z Dc‡ii Zx‡ii †hvMdj we‡qvM Ki‡e| hv cv‡e ZvB Answer|
 wbY©vq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb wbY©q : †µgv‡ii m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ Lye mn‡RB GKNvZ mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb †ei Kiv hvq| †hgb :
 `yB PjK wewkó GKNvZ mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui †ÿ‡Î †µgv‡ii m~Î :  wZb PjKwewkó GKNvZ mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui †ÿ‡Î :
a1x + b1y = c1 ......... (i) a1x + b1y + c1z = d1 ......... (i)
a2x + b2y = c2 ......... (ii) a2x + b2y + c2z = d2 ......... (ii)
Dx Dy a3x + b3y + c3z = d3 ......... (iii)
x= Ges y = D
D x y z 1
 Avgiv cvB, = = =
GLv‡b, x I y Gi mnM¸wj Øviv MwVZ wbY©vqK, D = 
a1 b1 D x D y D z D
a2 b2 
 a1 c1
b1
0 GLv‡b, x, y I z Gi mnM¸wj Øviv MwVZ wbY©vqK, D = a2 c2 0
b2
x Gi mn‡Mi cwie‡Z© aªæeK c` wb‡q MwVZ wbY©vqK, Dx =  a3 c3
b3
c1 b1 d1 b1 c1
c2 b2 x Gi mn‡Mi cwie‡Z© aªæeK c` wb‡q MwVZ wbY©vqK, Dx = d2 b2 c2
Ges y Gi mn‡Mi cwie‡Z© aªæeK c` wb‡q MwVZ wbY©vqK, d3 b3 c3
 a1 d 1 c1 
Dy = 
a1 c1
a c2 Avevi, y Gi mn‡Mi cwie‡Z© aªæeK c` wb‡q MwVZ wbY©vqK, Dy =a2 d2 c2
2
a3 d3 c3
a1 b1 d1
Ges z Gi mn‡Mi cwie‡Z© aªæeK c` wb‡q MwVZ wbY©vqK, Dz = a2 b2 d2
a3 b3 d3
Dx Dy D
x= ,y= I z = Dz n‡Z x, y I z Gi gvb
D D
A_©vr, cÖ`Ë mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Kiv hvq|
x y 1 x y 1 x y 1
 eRª¸Yb m~Îvbymv‡i, = = ev, c b = a c = a b ev, D = D = D
– b1c2 + b2c1 – c1a2 + c2a1 a1b2 – a2b1  1 1  1 1   1 1  x y
c2 b2 a2 c2 a2 b2
Note : hw` D  0 nq, Z‡e mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui Abb¨ mgvavb we`¨gvb| †Kej D  0 k‡Z©B †µgv‡ii wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨|
1 2 3
MODEL EXAMPLE-01 : 4 5 6 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb KZ?
0 8 0
1(5.0 – 8.6) –2(4.0 – 0.6) + 3(4.8 – 5.0) = – 48 – 0 + 96 = 48
PROCEDURE WITH STEPS AND FIGURE
†h fv‡e AsKwU Ki‡Z n‡e: cv‡ki wPGwU fv‡jv K‡i jÿKi| c×wZwUi myweav :
 †Kvb mvwi Kjvg GK Kivi †Kvb Sv‡gjv/Tension _v‡K bv| ‡hvMdj
 cix¶vi n‡j wM‡q ‡PvL eyu‡S AsK Kiv ïiy Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
 gy‡L gy‡L Kiv m¤¢e| 40 sec Gi †ewk mgq jvM‡e bv| cix¶vq G ai‡bi AsKB we‡qvM
†ewk Av‡m |
Step-1: 1st Ges 2nd Row `ywU cv‡ki wP‡Îi gZ wb‡P wb‡P wjL|
Step-2: Zvici Ggb fv‡e Zxi KvU‡Z n‡e †hb cÖwZwU Zx‡i wZbwU K‡i msL¨v _v‡K |
‡hvMdj
Step-3: cÖwZwU Zx‡ii msL¨v¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`v fv‡e ¸b K‡i †hvM Ki |
Step-4: AZtci wb‡Pi Zx‡ii †hvMdj n‡Z Dc‡ii Zx‡ii †hvMdj we‡qvM Ki‡e| hv
 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb = (0 + 96 + 0) – (0 + 48 + 0) = 48
cv‡e ZvB Answer|
Calculator Gi mvnvh¨ QvovB GB m~‡Îi mvnvh¨ †h‡Kvb wbb©vq‡Ki gvb AwZmn‡RB `ªyZ wb©bq Kiv hvq|
GB m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wb‡Pi problem ¸‡jvI solve Kiv qvq
1. wÎfy‡Ri †ÿÎdj
2. ‡h‡Kvb PZz©fz‡Ri †ÿÎdj
3. ‡f±‡ii µm ¸Yb|
–2
0 
3 0 0 4
2 0 0 0
MODEL EXAMPLE-02 : gvb wbY©q Ki  0 –1 0 5 –3  [RUET. 2015-16]
–4
0 
0 1 0 6
–1 0 3 2
0 –2 4
 
3 0
0 2 0 0 0
 0
–4
–1 0 5 –3 
 
0 1 0 6
0 –1 0 3 2
3 0 –2 4  2 0 0
3q Kjvg eivei we¯Ívi K‡i = –10 –1 5 –3= (–1)  3  –1 5 –3= (–1)  3  2 3 2 = –6(10 + 9) = –114
0 2 0 0 5 –3
  –1 3 2
0 –1 3 2
1  2
MODEL EXAMPLE-03 :  2 1 Gi gvb- [ GK‡Ki GKwU RwUj Nbg~j] [DU. 09-10; JU. 09-10; SUST. 09-10; CU. 07-08]
2 1 
GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS & TIPS [MCQ]
  2 wbY©vq‡Ki As‡K hw` †Kv_vI  _v‡K Zvn‡j  = 1 ewm‡q wbY©vq‡Ki gvb
1 1     2
 2
wbY©q Ki‡j Answer cvIqv hv‡e|

  2
1 =     1 2
2 /
1 [c1 = c1+c2+c3]
 1 2   1 1 1
2
 2
1  2  1   1   2  1 = 1 1 1= 0
 1   1 1 1
0  2
= 0  2
1 [ 1 +  + 2 = 0] = 0 Ans.
0 1 
MODEL EXAMPLE-04 : wbY©vq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki : 5x + 2y – 11 = 0
3x + 4y – 1 = 0
cÖ`Ë mgxKiY ¸‡jv : 5x + 2y = 11 ; 3x + 4y = 1 5x + 2y = 11 ......... (i)
D=
5 2 11 2 3x + 4y = 1 ......... (ii)
3 4= 20 – 6 = 14; Dx = 1 4= 44 – 2 = 42 x = 3 Ges y = –2 n‡j (i) I (ii) mgxKiY wm× nq|
ZvB mgvavb n‡e (x, y) = (3, –2)
Dy = 
5 11
4 1 = 5 – 33 = – 28
Dx 42 Dy –28
 †µgv‡ii m~Îvbymv‡i, x = = = 3; y = = = –2
D 14 D 14
 wb‡Y©q mgvavb (x, y) = (3, –2)
MODEL EXAMPLE-05 : x + y – z = 3, 2x + 3y + z = 10, 3x – y – 7z = 1
1 1 –1 x + y – z = 3 ............... (i)
GLv‡b, D = 2 3 1= –20 + 17 + 11 = 8 2x + 3y + z = 10 ......... (ii)
3 –1 –7 3x – y – 7z = 1 ............ (iii)
 3 1 –1 x = 3; y = 1 Ges z = 1 n‡j (i); (ii) I (iii) mgxKiY wm× nq|
Dx = 10 3 1 = –60 + 71 + 13 = 24 ZvB mgvavb n‡e (x, y. z)  (3, 1, 1)
 1 –1 –7
1 3 –1
Dy = 2 10 1= –71 + 51 + 28 = 8
3 1 –7
1 1 3 
Dz = 2 3 10= 13 + 28 – 33 = 8
3 –1 1 
Dx 24 Dy 8 Dz 8
x= = = 3, y = = = 0 Ges z = = =1
D 8 D 8 D 8
 wb‡Y©q mgvavb (x, y. z)  (3, 1, 1)

10 20 30
01. 40 50 60 = ? [DU. 96-97] Ans. 0
50 70 90
10 11 12
02. 20 21 24 = ? [DU. 98-99] Ans. 20
10
10 10
 1  2
03.    1  Gi gvb KZ? [BUET. 10-11; Kz.†ev: 10] Ans: 4
2
 2 1 –
04. 4x + 3y – 2 = 0, 3x + 2y – 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? Ans: (x, y) = (8, –10)

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 10 20 30
04. 40 50 60 wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ? [DU. 96-97]
DU
50 70 90
1  2
A. 0 B. 100 C. 100 D. 140
01.  2 1  hw` 1 Gi GKwU RwUj Nbg~j nq, Z‡e cÖ`Ë 10 20 30  10  10 30 c  c  c 
2 1  S A Sol n
olve 40 50 60 =  10  10 60  1 1 2  = 0
c2  c 2  c 3 
wbY©vqKwUi gvb- [DU. 09-10; JU. 09-10; SUST. 09-10; CU. 07-08] 50 70 90  20  20 90
[cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB|]
A. 0 B. 1 C.  D. 2
 2 JnU
 1 
S A Sol n 2  1 
2
olve
10 13 16
 1   01. 11 14 17 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb- [JnU. 10-11; RU. 10-11]
 1 +  + 2
 2 12 15 18
= 1 +  +   1  c1 = c1 + c2 + c3
2 2
1 +  +  1  
2 A. 0 B. 1 C. 10 D. 5
 3  3 16
0 2  
2 10 13 16
 c  c  c 
= 0  1  [∵ 1 +  + 2 = 0] S A Sol n 11 14 17   3  3 17  1 1 2  = 0
olve
0 1   12 15 18 c 2  c 2  c 3 
 3  3 18
=0
[†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB| ]
10 11 12
02. 20 21 24 Gi gvb KZ? [DU. 98-99] 13 16 19
10 10 10
02. 14 17 20 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb- [JnU. 09-10]
A. 10 B. 20 C. 1 D. 0 15 18 21
10 11 12 A. 1 B. 10 C. 20 D. 0
S B Sol n
olve
20 21 24 13 16 19  3  3 19
10 10 10  c  c1  c 2 
S D Sol n 14 17 20   3  3 20  1
olve
c2  c 2  c 3 
=0
 1  1 12 c1  c1  c 2  1 1 15 18 21  3  3 21 
= 1  3 24 c  c  c   10   1  3  10  (3  1)  20
 2 2 3 [†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB| ]
0 0 10
5 6 7 50 60 70
03. 1 2 3 wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ? [DU. 97-98; RU. 06-07]
03. 10 20 30 wbY©vqKwUi gvb- [JnU. 08-09]
3 6 9 30 60 90
A. 2 B. 0 C. 1 D. 12 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 0
5 6 7 1 1 7 50 60 70  10  10 70
 c  c  c   c  c  c 
S D Sol n 10 20 30   10  10 30  1 1 2  = 0
olve
S B Sol n 1 2 3 =  1  1 3  
1 1 2
olve
=0
c 2  c 2  c 3  c 2  c 2  c 3 
 30  30 90
3 6 9 3 3 9 30 60 90
[†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB] [†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB| ]
JU weKí: †h‡nZz wbY©vqKwUi mvwi ¸‡jv Ges Kjvg ¸‡jv mgvšÍi cÖMgb fz³
2 4 6 ZvB wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨|
01. 0 8 10 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? [JU. 18-19] 0 2 0 0
02. 
0 3 1 0
0 0 12 wbY©vqKwUi gvb n‡eÑ
0 4
[CU. 12-13]
2 1
A. 48 B. 80 C. 12 D. 192 1 5 3 2
n 2(8  12  10  0) = 192
olve
S D Sol A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5
 5 1 3   2 0 0 0  2 0 0
3 1 0 0 
02. M =  –3 2 6  n‡j |M| = †KvbwU? n  = 3 1 0 = 
2 0
olve
 
[JU. 17-18] S B Sol  4 2 1 0  4 2 1  3 1= 2
 2 3 9 5 3 2 1 
A. 1 B. –1 C. 0 D. 2
10 0 0
S C Sol n wbY©vq‡Ki gvb = 5(18–18) – 1(–27–12) + 3(–9–4)
olve
03. D  0 10 0 n‡j D Gi gvb KZ n‡e? [CU. 08-09]

= 5.0–1.(–39) + 3.(–13) = 39–39 = 0
3 4 5 0 0 10
03. 6 7 8 Gi gvb KZ? [JU. 12-13, 11-12, 09-10] A. 10 B. 102 C. 103
D. 0 E. c~e©eZ©x †KvbwUB bq
0 2 0
10 0 0 1 0 0
A. 6 B. 12 C. 6 D. 12
n 0  10 3  0 1 0  10 3
olve
wbY©
n v q‡Ki gvb = – S C Sol D= 0 10
olve
S D Sol 3(0–16) 4(0–0) + 5 (12–0)

= 3.(–16)–4.0 + 5.12 = – 48 – 0+60 = 12 0 0 10 0 0 1
RU CoU
01. wbY©vq‡Ki mvwi I Kjvg mg~n ci¯úi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb-
2x – y 5 = 6 5nq Z‡e x = ?
[RU. 15-16] 01. hw`  3 y 3 2
[CoU-A. 18-19]
A. k~b¨ n‡e B. cwieZ©b n‡e bv A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
C. cwieZ©b n‡e D. wecixZ wPýwewkó n‡e –
Sol    
n
2x y 5 6 5
olve
S B Sol n wbY©vq‡Ki mvwi I Kjvg mg~n ci¯úi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡jI S  3 y = 3 2

olve
wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv|  2x – y = 6 Ges y = 2  2x – 2 = 6  2x = 8  x = 4

02. †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K C Øviv ¸Y K‡i 02. wbY©vq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki: 5x + 2y –11 = 0 Ges 3x + 4y –1 = 0?
wbY©vqKwUi Aci GKwU mvwi †_‡K we‡qvM Kiv n‡j wbY©vqKwUi gvb n‡e- [CoU. 15-16]
[RU. 13-14] A. (x, y) = (3, –2) B. (x, y) = (–2, 3)
A. C ¸Y †ekx B. C cwigvY †ekx C. k~b¨
D. AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e C. (x, y) = (5, 4) D. (x, y) = (5, –1)
S D Sol †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb ¸‡jv‡K C S A Sol 10x + 4y – 22 = 0
n
olve
n
olve
Øviv ¸Y K‡i wbY©vqKwUi Aci GKwU mvwi †_‡K we‡qvM Kiv n‡j (–) 3x + 4y – 1 = 0
wbY©vqKwUi gvb AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e| 7x – 21 = 0  x = 3
 1  3  4   15 + 2y – 11 = 0  2y = –4  y = –2  (3, –2)
 
03. A  2 1 0 n‡j bx‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
  [RU. 12-13] IU
3  2 5  01. x + 2y – z = 9; 2x – y + 3z = –2; 3x + 2y + 3z = 9 mgxKiY¸”Q
A. det(A) = 3 B. det(A) = 0 mgvavb Ki‡j y Gi gvb KZ n‡e?- [IU. 17-18]
C. det(A) = 63 D. det(A) wbY©q Kiv m¤¢e bq A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
S D Sol n x + 2y – z = 9 .......... (i)
olve
n det (A) = 1(5 – 0) – (–3) (10 – 0) + (– 4) (– 4 – 3)

olve
S C Sol
= 5 + 30 + 28 = 63 2x – y + 3z = –2 .......... (ii)
3x + 2y + 3z = 9 .......... (iii)
CU
(iii) – (ii)  x + 3y = 11 .......... (iv)
1 2 3 (i)  3 + (ii)  5x + 5y = 25  x + y = 5 .......... (v)
01. 4 5 6 = KZ? [CU. 14-15, 09-10, 06-07, 03-04; KU. 13-14, 03-04] (iv) – (v)  2y = 6  y = 3
7 8 9
BRU
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 E. 4
01. †µgv‡ii cÖwµqvq wb‡Pi mgxKiY‡Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki‡j △x KZ n‡e?
1 2 3 1 1 3
 c  c  c  mgxKiY‡RvU : 2x + 3y = 5, 5x – 2y = 3
S A Sol n 4 5 6   1  1 6 
1 1 2
olve
   = 0 [BRUR-E. 16-17; JKKNIU. 19-20]

7 8 9  2
c
1 1 9
c 2 c 3 A. –19 B. 19 C. 15 D. –15
A Sol n △x =  
5 3
[†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB|]
3 –2= – 10 – 9 = –19
olve
S
JKKNIU 02. wb‡Pi †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨? [e.†ev: 2017]
01. wZb PjK wewkó mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi Rb¨ eëüZ wbY©vqK cÖwµqv‡K  1 0 2   1 0 0   4 0 8  0 1
0
Kx e‡j? [JKKNIU-B. 16-17] A.  2 0 1  B. 0 1 0  C. 2 3 4 D. 1 2 3
A. gvwÎK cÖwµqv B. wbDUb cÖwµqv
 1 3 0  0 0 1  1 5 2 0 6 0
n Option C Gi 1g I 3q KjvgØq ¸‡YvËi MVb K‡i ZvB
olve
C. †µgv‡ii cÖwµqv D. _gmb cÖwµqv S C Sol
wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨|
S C Sol n wZb PjK wewkó mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi Rb¨ eëüZ
olve
03. 
0 1
wbY©vqK cÖwµqv‡K †µgvi cÖwµqv e‡j| 2 –1Gi gvb †KvbwU? [h.†ev: 2017]
A. –1 B. –2 C. 2 D. 1
STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
S B Sol n 2 –1 Gi gvb = 0 – 2 = –2
0 1
olve
SUST
04. 
ω ω ω2 0 1
01. GK‡Ki GKwU RwUj Nbg~j  n‡j, 2 wbY© v q‡Ki gvb KZ?  2 1
Gi gvb †KvbwU? [h.‡ev. 2017]
ω ω 2
1
ω3 1 ω
A. 3 B. 2 C. 2 D. 3
S B Sol n 2 1Gi gvb = 2 1= 0  2 =  2

0 1 0 1
olve
[SUST. 08-09]
A. 1 B. 
05. wb‡Pi †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨? [e.‡ev. 2017]
C. 2 D. 0
n  1 0 2   1 0 0   4 0 8   0 1
0
olve
S D Sol A. 2 0 1 B. 0 1 0 C. 2 3 4 D. 1 2 3
  2 1  2 1    2  2 1 3 0 0 0 1 1 5 2 0 6 0
S C Sol n i. Gi gvb = 32 1= 3(1  4) = 9
 2 2
1    2
1  1     2 2
1 1 2
olve
 3
1   2
1  1    2
1 
ii. Gi gvb = 1
1 0
c1  c1  c2  c3  0 1= 1(1  0) = 1
0  2 4 0 8 4 0 4
iii. Gi gvb = 2 3 4= 22 3 2= 2  0 = 0 [∵ c1 = c3]
=(1++2) 0 2 1  (1    2 )  0  0 1 5 2 1 5 1
0 1  [C1 †_‡K 2 Kgb wb‡q]
iv. Gi gvb = 1 
1 2
STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION 0 6 = 1  6 = 6
BUET 1 2 3
06.  1 2 3 Gi gvb| [Ky.‡ev. 2017]
01.  hw` 1 Gi GKwU RwUj Nbg~j nq, Z‡e wb‡Pi wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ?
 1 2 3 
[BUET. 10-11; KUET. 06-07; SUST. 08-09]  1 1 1 
i.  2 2 2  Gi gv‡bi mgvb|
A. 4 B. 2 3 3 3
C. 3 D. None of the above
1 + c2 2 3
ii.  1  c2 2 3  Gi gv‡bi mgvb|
S D Sol n  1 + c2 2 3 
olve
 1 1 1 
=  3  1 + (2  2) + 2(   4) iii. 3 3 3 Gi gv‡bi mgvb|
= 2 + 0 + 2  2 =  2  23 =  4  2 2 2 
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF BOARD QUESTION A. i I ii B. ii I iii C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI: 1 2 3
x 0 0 S A Sol n (i) mZ¨ KviY, 1 2 3 
olve
3 2
A =  2 4 1  1 2 3 
2 2
, D =
3 2 0   1  1 1 
01. x Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ |A| = D n‡e? [P.†ev: 2019] =  2 2 2 [r1  c1, r2  c2, r3  c3]
A. 5 B. 1 3 3 3
C. 1 D. 5
1 2 3
3 2 x 0 0 
S D Sol n A = 2 2 (ii) mZ¨ KviY, A =  1  2 3 
olve
kZ©g‡Z, 2 4 1 = 10  1 2 3 
 |A| = 6 + 4 = 10 3 2 0
1 + c2 2 3
 x(0 + 2) = 10 =  1 + c2 2 3  [c1 = c2 = cc2] (iii) mZ¨ bq|
 2x = 10  x = 5  1 + c2 2 3 
CONCEPT 04  GKwU ARvbv PjK _vK‡j gvb wbY©q
Technique: GB wbq‡gi AsK¸‡jv mivmwi wbY©vq‡Ki †gŠwjK wbqg eënvi K‡i Kiv hvq| h_v:
x + 4 3 3 
MODEL EXAMPLE-01 : x-Gi mgvavb Ki : 3 x+4 5 = 0 [RUET. 04-05; KUET. 04-05; CUET. 13-14; BUET. 13-14, 01-02]
 5 5 x + 1
 x+1 3 3 
– x – 1 x+4 5 = 0 [C1 = C1 – C2]
 0 5 x + 1
 1 3 3   1 3 3 
 (x + 1) –1 x + 4 5 = 0  (x + 1)  0 x + 7 8  = 0 [r2 = r1 + r2]
 0 5 x + 1  0 5 x + 1
 (x + 1) [(x + 7) (x + 1) – 40] = 0  (x + 1) (x2 + 8x – 33) = 0  (x + 1) (x + 11)(x – 3) = 0;  x = –1, –11, 3 Ans.
1 1 1
MODEL EXAMPLE-02 : gvb wbY©q Ki : 1 p p2 [BUET. 07-08; RUET. 13-14, 12-13, 08-09, 07-08; Xv.†ev: 12, 07; iv.†ev: 11-10; Kz.†ev: 15]
1 p2 p4
1 1 1  0 0 1
1 p2 p2=1 – p p – p2 p2[c1= c1 – c2;c2= c2 – c3]
1 p p4 1 – p2 p2 – p4 p4
 0 0 1
= (1 – p)21 + p (1 + p)p2= (1 – p)2 (p2 + p3 – p – p2) = (1– p)2 (p3 – p) = p(1– p)2 (p2 –1)
1 p
= (1 – p) (1 – p)
2
1 p p
1 + p (1 + p)p p 
2 4
0 3 2x  7
MODEL EXAMPLE-03 : 2 7x 9  5x  0 n‡j, x Gi gvb- [DU. 13-14]
0 0 2x  5

2{3(2x+5) – 0 (2x+7)} = 0  2(6x+15) = 0  6x = – 15  x = 5 Ans.
2
3 + x 4 2 
MODEL EXAMPLE-04 : 4 2+x 3  = 0 n‡j, x Gi gvb- [CUET. 13-14; Xv.†ev: 05; Kz.†ev: 07; P.†ev: 16,07]
 2 3 4 + x
3 + x 4 2  3 + x + 4 + 2 4 2 
 4 2 + x 3 = 0   4 + 2 + x + 3 2 + x 3 = 0 [∵ c1 = c2 + c2 + c3]
 2 3 4 + x 2 + 3 + 4 + x 3 4 + x
x + 9 4 2  1 4 2  0 2 – x –1 
 x + 9 2 + x 3 = 0  (x + 9) 1 2 + x 3 = 0  (x + 9) 0 x – 1 –1– x= 0 [r1 = r1 – r2 Ges r2 = r2 – r3]
x + 9 3 4 + x 1 3 4 + x 1 3 4 + x 
– – –1
 (x + 9)  
(x 2)
 x – 1 –1– x= 0  (x + 9) (x – x – 2 + x – 1) = 0  (x + 9) (x – 3) = 0
2 2
nq, x + 9 = 0  x = – 9 A_ev, x2 – 3 = 0  x2 = 3  x =  3  wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = – 9,  3

x – 3 1 –1 
01.  1 x–5 1 = 0 n‡j x Gi gvb- [KUET. 04-05] Ans. 2, 3, 6
 –1 1 x – 3
3 x 2
02. 1 4 x= 0 n‡j x Gi gvbÑ Ans. 2 2
5 x 2
2
x x 2
03. 2 1 1= 0 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? [BUET. 05-06] Ans. 0, 2
0 0 –5

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION a 0 1
n
3 2 5 4
olve
DU S B Sol
1 1 1  4 0 3
01. k Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨  1 k k  wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ n‡e bv?  2(3a – 4) = 4  6a – 8 = 4  6a = 12  a = 2
2
 
 1 k2 k4  1 1 1
[DU. 17-18]
02. 1 2 3 wbY©vqKwUi gvb 2; k Gi gvb KZ?
A. k = 1 B. k = –1 C. k = 3 D. k = 0
1 4 k
1 1 1  1 0 0 
n  1 k k2  = 0 ev,  1 k–1 k –k  = 0
2 [CU. 12-13; RU. 12-13; DU. 00-01; SUST. 04-05]
olve
S C Sol 
4   A. 9 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6
1 k k 
2
 1 k –1 k4–k2 
2
1 1 1
1 0 0  S A Sol n 1 2 3  2
ev, (k–1)(k –1)  1 1 k  = 0
olve
2
  1 4 k
 1 1 k2 
2 2  1(2k 12)1(k  3) + 1(4  2) = 2  k = 9
ev, (k–1)(k –1)(k –k) = 0 ev, k = 1, –1, 0
1 2 a
 k = 3 Gi Rb¨ wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ n‡e bv|
ASPECTS SUPER TRICKS : 03. 4 5 6 ; a Gi gvb KZ n‡j wbY©vqKwU singular n‡e? [CU. 10-11]
k = 0 n‡j cÖ`Ë wbY©vqKwUi 2q I 3q mvwi `ywU GKB nq Ges wbY©vq‡Ki 7 8 9

gvb k~b¨ nq| A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5
k = 1 n‡j cÖ`Ë wbY©vqKwUi 1g I 3q Kjvg `ywU GKB nq Ges S C Sol n wbY©vqKwU Singular n‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e
olve
wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ nq| k = 3 n‡j †Kv‡bv fv‡eB wbY©vq‡Ki †h †Kvb `ywU  1(45 – 48) – 2(36 – 42) + a(32 – 35) = 0
Kjvg ev mvwi GKB n‡e bv|  – 3 + 12 – 3a = 0  a = 3
1 1 x
0 3 2x  7 04. x Gi gvb KZ n‡j 2 2 2  0 n‡e? [CU. 07-08]
02. 2 7x 9  5x  0 n‡j, x Gi gvb- [DU. 13-14]
3 4 5
0 0 2x  5 A. 2 B. 5 C. 2 D. 3 E. 1
9 7 5 1 1 x 0 1 x
A.  B.  C.  D. 0
5 2 2
S E Sol n 2 2 2  0  0 2 2 0 c1  c1  c2 
olve
n 2{3(2x+5) – 0 (2x+7)} = 0
olve
S C Sol 3 4 5 1 4 5
 2(6x+15) = 0  6x = – 15  x = 5  (2  2x) = 0  x =1
2
a  3 1 3 4
03. wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ n‡j a Gi gvb- [DU. 07-08] 05. hw` wbY©vqK Gi gvb k~b¨ nq, Zv n‡j a Gi gvb n‡e- [CU. 05-06]
8 a  4 5 2a
A. 4 or 5 B. 5 or 4 C. 3 D. 10 A. 10/3 B. 6/5 C. 15/8 D. 10/3 E. 5/6
a  3 1 3 4 10
S A Sol n S D Sol n 5 2a  0  6a20 = 0  a =
olve
0
olve
8 a  4 3
 (a  3) (a + 4)  8 = 0  a + a  20 = 0  a = 4 or 5
2
KU
2 1
04. wbY©vqKwUi gvb 0 n‡j,  Gi gvb KZ? 01.
3 x
wbY©vqKwUi gvb (–1) n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? [KU. 16-17]
5 4
2 1
[DU. 01-02; JU. 19-20; JnU. 05-06]
A. –2 B. 0z C. 2 D. 4
A. 5 A_ev 0 B. 6 A_ev 2 C. 5 A_ev 3 D. 1 A_ev 3
3 x
2 1 S C Sol n = –1 Or, 3 – 2x = –1 Or, 2x = 4 Or, x = 2
olve
S D Sol n =0
olve
5 4 2 1
 (  2) ( + 4) + 5 = 0  2 + 2  3 = 0   = 1 or 3 IU
2
CU x x 2 
01. x-Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ 3 1 1  = 0 n‡e?
 
a 0 1 [IU. 17-18]
01. hw` 3 2 5  4 nq, Z‡e „a‟ Gi gvb KZ? [CU. 15-16]

0 0 –5 
A. 0, – 3 B. 0, 3 C. 2, 0 D. 0, –2
4 0 3 n x2(–5 – 0) – x(–15 – 0) + 2(0 – 0) = 0
olve
S B Sol
A. 3 B. 2 C. 5 ev, –5x2 + 15x + 0 = 0 ev, x2 – 3x = 0
D. 6 E. 7 ev, x(x – 3) = 0 ev, x = 0, 3
STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
S D Sol n
olve
BUET
[WRITTEN]
 x = 0, 2
01. x Gi mgvavb Ki
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF BOARD QUESTION
[BUET. 01-02, 13-14; RUET. 04-05; KUET. 04-05] 2 4 6 
01. 3 x 5 = 0 n‡j, x-Gi gvb †KvbwU? [w`.†ev: 2019]
n [C1 = C1- C2] 5 10 9 
olve
S Sol
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 6
2 4 6
S B Sol n 3 x 5 = 0
olve
 (x + 1)
5 10 9
 2(9x – 50) + 4(27 + 25) + 6(– 30 – 5x) = 0
  18x – 100 + 208 – 180 – 30x = 0  – 12x – 72 = 0
 (x + 1) [r1 = r1+r2+r3]  12x = – 72
x=–6
 (x + 1) [(x + 7) (x + 1) – 40] = 0 1 2 3
 (x + 1) (x2 + 8x – 33) = 0 02. p Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ 1 2 pwbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e? [iv.†ev: 2017]
 (x + 1) (x + 11) (x – 3) = 0; x= – 1 – 11, 3 3 4 0
3 3
[MCQ] A. – B. C. –3 D. 3
02. x- Gi †Kvb †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e? 5 5
1 2 3
S D Sol 1 2 p wbY©vq‡Ki Rb¨ p = 3 n‡j 1g I 2q mvwii
n olve
[BUET. 05-06; KUET. 10-11] 3 4 0

AYyiƒc Dcv`vb¸‡jv mgvb n‡e Ges wbY©vq‡Ki gvb n‡e k~b¨|
A. x=0, -2 B. x =1,2 C. x= 0,1 D. x =0, 2  p = 3 n‡e|
CONCEPT 05  me¸‡jv ARvbv PjK _vK‡j gvb wbY©q

Technique: GB wbq‡gi AsK¸‡jv wewfbœ Dcv‡q Kiv hvq| h_v:
1. wbY©vq‡Ki we¯Íw… Z K‡i| 2. wbY©vq‡Ki †gŠwjK ¸Yvejx eënvi K‡i| 3. Short Tricks Apply K‡iI Kiv hvq MCQ Gi Rb¨ |
Short Tricks: wbY©vq‡Ki me¸‡jv Dcv`vb Pj‡Ki gva¨‡g w`‡q wbY©vqKwUi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z ej‡j,
Step-1: PjK¸‡jvi Rb¨ wfbœ& wfbœ Ak~b¨ †QvU gvb we‡ePbv K‡i wbY©vqKwU‡K mivmwi we¯Ívi K‡i gvb †ei Kie
Step-2: wbY©vqKwUi gvb †ei Kivi mgq PjK¸‡jvi †h gvb we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †mB gvb¸‡jv Option ¸‡jv‡Z ewm‡q wbY©vqKwUi cÖvß
gv‡bi mgZzj¨ Luy‡R †ei Ki†e| †h Option Gi mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡e ZvB Answer|
 wbY©vq‡Ki †gŠwjK ¸Yvejx:
(i) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki mvwi¸wj Zv‡ì Abyiƒc Kjvg mg~‡n cwiewZ©Z n‡j Ges Kjvg¸wj Zv‡ì Abyiƒc mvwimg~‡n cwiewZ©Z n‡j, wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b
a 1 b 1 c1 a1 a 2 a 3
nq bv| †hgb, D  a 2 b 2 c 2 Ges D  b1 b 2 b3  D = D.
a3 b3 c3 c1 c2 c3
(ii) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki †h †Kvb `yBwU mvwi ev Kjvg ci¯úi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j, wbY©vqKwUi wPý e`‡j hvq wKš‘ wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| †hgb,
a1 b1 c1 b1 a1 c1 a1 b1 c1 a2 b2 c2
D  a2 b2 c2   b2 a2 c 2 Ges D  a 2 b2 c 2   a1 b1 c1
a3 b3 c3 b3 a3 c3 a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3
a1 b1 0
(iii) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi me¸wj Dcv`vb k~b¨ n‡j, wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ nq| †hgb, D  a 2 b2 0 0
a3 b3 0
a1 1 1 a 1 a 1 c1
(iv) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki `yBwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Abyiƒc Dcv`vb¸wj Awfbœ n‡j, Zvi gvb k~b¨ nq| †hgb, D  a 2 1 1  0 , D  a 2 a 2 c 2  0
a3 1 1 a 3 a 3 c3
(v) hw` GKwU wbY©vq‡Ki †Kvb mvwi ev Kjvg Gi Dcv`vb¸wj‡K Aci GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Abyiƒc Dcv`v‡bi mn¸YK Øviv ¸Y Kiv nq, Z‡e ¸Yd‡ji mgwó
k~b¨ nq| †hgb- a2A1 + b2B1 + c2C1 = 0
(vi) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki †h †Kvb mvwi ev Kjv‡gi cÖ‡Z¨K Dcv`vb‡K GKB ivwk Øviv ¸Y Ki‡j wbY©vqKwUi gvb‡KI H ivwk Øviv ¸Y Ki‡Z nq| †hgb,
a1 b1 c1 ka 1 kb 1 kc 1 ka 1 b1 c1
D  k a2 b2 c2  a 2 b2 c 2  ka 2 b2 c2
a3 b3 c3 a3 b3 c3 ka 3 b3 c3
(vii) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki †Kvb mvwi ev Kjv‡gi cªwZwU Dcv`vb `yBwU ivwki mgwó wnmv‡e cÖKvwkZ n‡j, wbY©vqKwU†K GKB µ‡gi `yBwU c„_K wbY©vq‡Ki †hvMdj
a1  1 b1 c1 a1 b1 c1 1 b1 c1
wnmv‡e cÖKvk Kiv hvq| †hgb, D  a 2  1 b 2 c 2  a 2 b 2 c 2  1 b 2 c 2
a 3  1 b3 c3 a 3 b3 c3 1 b3 c3
(viii) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi f~w³¸‡jv Aci `yBwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Abyiƒc f~w³¸‡jvi mv‡_ mgvšÍi aviv MVb Ki‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e|
A_©vr G‡ÿ‡Î `yB †Rvov mgvšÍi aviv cvIqv hv‡e|
(ix) †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi f~w³¸‡jv Aci †Kvb mvwi ev Kjv‡gi Abyiƒc f~w³¸‡jvi mv‡_ ¸‡YvËi aviv MVb Ki‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e|
xy x y
MODEL EXAMPLE-01: x xz z wbY©vq‡Ki gvb- [DU. 08-09; BAU. 08-09; JnU. 06-07; RU. 05-06; P.†ev: 14; Kz.†ev: 11; h.†ev: 05]
y z yz

xy x y
x xz z
wbY©vqKwU‡Z x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 we‡ePbv Ki‡j wbY©vqKwUi AvKvi nq:
y z yz
3 1 2
x + y  x  y x y 
1 4 3 = 3(20  9)  1(5  6) + 2(3  8) = 24
= x  x  z  z x + z z  [C1 = c1  (c2 + c3) cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
y – y  z  z z y + z 2 3 5
 0 x y  0 x y  GLb †h Option ¸‡jv Av‡Q, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †hB Option G x=1, y=2 ,
=  2z x + z z  =  2z 1 x + z z  z = 3 emv‡j 24 cvIqv hv‡e †mwUB Correct Answer.
 2z z y + z 1 z y + z
GLv‡b, x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 a‡i,
0 x y  4xyz = 4.1.2.3 = 24 ZvB Correct Answer (4xyz)
=  2z 0 x y  [r2 = r2  r3]
1 z y + z
=  2z 
x y
x y =  2z( xy  xy) =  2z( 2xy) = 4xyz
1 x yz
MODEL EXAMPLE-02 : 1 y z  x Gi gvb-
1 z xy

1 x yz 1 x xyz x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 a‡i,

1 y z  x = 1 y x  y  z [ c3  c2  c3 ] 1 x y + z  1 1 5
1 y z + x = 1 2 4= 1(–6) –1(–1) + 5(1) = 0
1 z xy 1 z xyz 1 z x + y 1 3 3
1 x 1 weKí : Element ¸‡jv PµvKvi
[x  y + z; y  z + x; z  x + y]
= (x + y + z) 1 y 1 = (x + y + z)  0 = 0 (Ans.)
ZvB Ans: 0
1 z 1
2 2 ASPECT SERIES 
a ab b
MODEL EXAMPLE-03 : Gi gvb- [wm.†ev: 03]
2a ab 2b
1 1 1

a 2
ab b 2
a ( a  b) b( a  b) b 2 a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 a‡i,
2a ab 2b =
a b a b 2b 1 2 4
2 3 4= 1(3 – 4) – 2(2 – 4) + 4 (2 – 3) = –1
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
  Verification: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 a‡i Option Gi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z
[ c1  c1  c2 Ges c2  c2  c 3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
n‡e| Zvici †hB Option †_‡K –1 cvIqv hv‡e †mB Option wU
a b b2 a b Answer n‡e| †hgb: (a – b)3 = (1 – 2)3 = –1
 ( a  b)( a  b) 1 1 2b = (a  b)( a  b)
1 1
0 0 1
= (a  b)( a  b)( a  b) = ( a  b) 3
1 a b + c 
MODEL EXAMPLE-04 : 1 b c + a wbY©q‡Ki gvb KZ? [BUTex. 15-16]
1 c a + b
1 a b + c 1 a a + b + c a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 a‡i,
1 b c + a  = 1 b a + b + c [c3 = c3 + c2]
1 a b + c 1 1 5
1 c a + b 1 c a + b + c 1 b c + a = 1 2 4= 1(–6) –1(–1) + 5(1) = 0
1 a 1 1 c a + b 1 3 3
= (a + b + c) 1 b 1= (a + b + c)  0 = 0
1 c 1 weKí: Element ¸‡jv PµvKvi [a  b + c; b  c + a; c  a + b]
ZvB Ans: 0
logx logy logz
MODEL EXAMPLE-05 : The value of log2x log2y log2z is: [BUET. 09-10, 11-12; CUET. 07-08;RUET. 11-12; e.†ev: 13]
log3x log3y log3z
x y
log   log   log z
log x log y log z  
y z
log 2x log 2 y log 2z  
= log   log  y  log 2z
x
y
  z
log 3x log 3y log 3z †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki GKwU mvwi ev Kjv‡gi f~w³¸‡jv Aci `yBwU mvwi ev
x y
log   log   log 3z Kjv‡gi Abyiƒc f~w³¸‡jvi mv‡_ mgvšÍi aviv MVb Ki‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb
 
y z
k~b¨ n‡e| A_©vr G‡ÿ‡Î `yB †Rvov mgvšÍi aviv cvIqv hv‡e|
[C1 = C1 – C2, C2' = C2 – C3]
'
y 1 1 log z
= log   log   1 1
x
y z  log 2z = 0
1 1 log 3z
 a b ax + by
MODEL EXAMPLE-06 : cÖgvY Ki :  b c bx + cy = (b2 – ac) (ax2 + 2bxy + cy2)
ax + by bx + cy 0 
[Xv.†ev:15,10; Pv.†ev:15,13,12,09 ; Kz.†ev: w`.†ev: iv.†ev:16,12,09 ; e.†ev:14,07; wm.†ev:12,05; h.†ev:14,10]
 a b ax + by  a b 0 
L.H.S = b c bx + cy =  b c 0 [∵ c3 = c3 – (c1x + c2y)]
ax + by bx + cy 0  ax + by bx + cy –(ax2 + 2bxy + cy2)
= –(ax2 + 2bxy + cy2) 
a b
b c [3q Kjv‡gi mv‡c‡ÿ we¯Ívi K‡i]
= – (ax2 + 2bxy + cy2) (ac – b2) = (b2 – ac) (ax2 + 2bxy + cy2) = R.H.S (Proved)
a – b – c 2a 2a 
MODEL EXAMPLE-07 : cÖgvY Ki: 2b b–c–a 2b = (a + b + c)3 [BUET. 11-12; Xv.†ev: 13; h.†ev: 11, 08; P.†ev: 08; Kz.†ev: 13,06]
 2c 2c c – b – c
a + b + c a + b + c a + b + c
L.H.S = 2b b–c–a 2b [r1 = r1+ r2 + r3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
 2c 2c c – a – b
1 1 1   0 0 1 
= (a + b + c) 2b b – c – a 2b = (a + b + c) a + b + c –(a + b + c) 2b [c1 = c1 – c2 Ges c2 = c2 – c3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
2c 2c c – a – b  0 a + b + c c – a – b
–(a
= (a + b + c)  
a + b + c + b + c)
 0 a + b + c  [1g mvwi mv‡c‡ÿ we¯Ívi K‡i]
= (a + b + c) {(a + b + c)2 – 0} = (a + b + c)3 = R.H.S (Proved)
 x2 y z 
MODEL EXAMPLE-08 : cÖgvY Ki:  x y2 z2 = (xyz – 1) (x – y) (y – z) (z – x)
x – 1 y – 1 z – 1
3 3 3
[Xv.†ev:, w`.†ev :, wm.†ev: I h.†ev:2018 Gi m„Rbkxj-1(M); Xv.†ev:14,11,06,03; e.†ev:16,15,08; h.†ev:06; wm.†ev:15,14,11,04; iv.†ev:06; w`.†ev:16,13,10]

2 3
x x2 x3 – 1
L.H.S = y y y – 1 [1g, 2q I 3q mvwi‡K h_vµ‡g 1g, 2q I 3q Kjv‡g ¯’vcb K‡i]
 z z2 z3 – 1 
2 3 2 2 2
x x2 x3 x x2 1 1 x x2 1 x x2
= y y y – y y 1= xyz 1 y y – 1 y y 
z z2 z3  z z2 1 1 z z2 1 z z2
[2q wbY©vq‡K 2q I 3q Kjvg ¯’vb wewbgq Kivi ci 1g I 2q Kjvg ¯’vb wewbgq Kiv n‡q‡Q|]
2 2 2
1 x x2 0 x – y x2 – y2
= (xyz – 1) 1 y y = (xyz – 1) 0 y – z y – z [r1 = r1 – r2 Ges r2 = r2 – r3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
1 z z2  1 z z2 
2 2
– –
= (xyz – 1)  
(x y) (x y )
(y – z) (y2 – z2) [cÖ_g Kjvg mv‡c‡ÿ we¯Ívi K‡i|]
(x – y) (x – y)(x + y)
= (xyz – 1)  1 x + y
(y – z) (y – z)(y + z) = (xyz – 1) (x – y) (y – z)1 y + z 
= (xyz – 1) (x – y) (y – z) (y + z – x – y) = (xyz – 1) (x – y) (y – z) (z – x) = R.H.S (Proved)
2 2
1 + a – b 2ab –2b 
MODEL EXAMPLE-09 : cÖgvY Ki: 2ab 1 – a2 + b2 2a  = (1 + a2 + b2)3
 2b –2a 1–a –b
2 2
[Kz‡qU:03-04,11-12; iv.†ev:09; h.†ev:16; w`.†ev:14; P.†ev:16; wm.†ev:16,13,10]

1 2ab –2b 
L.H.S = (1 + a2 + b2) 0 1 – a + b  [c1 = c1 – b  c3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
2 2
2a
b –2a 1 – a2 – b2
1 0 –2b 
= (1 + a + b )   [c2 = c2 + ac3 cÖ‡qvM K‡i]
2 2 2 2
0 1 + a + b 2a
b –a(1 + a2 + b2) 1 – a2 – b2
1 0 –2b 
= (1 + a2 + b2)20 1 2a  [cÖ_g mvwi mv‡c‡ÿ we¯Ívi K‡i]
b –a 1 – a2 – b2
= (1 + a2 + b2)2 [1{1 – a2 – b2 – a(–2a)} – 0 – 2b {0 – b}]
= (1 + a2 + b2)2 {1 – a2 – b2 + 2a2 + 2b2} = (1 + a2 + b2)2 (1 – a2 + b2) = (1 + a2 + b2)3 = R.H.S (Proved)

1 p q + r
01. 1 q r + p Gi gvb- Ans. 0
1 r p + q
 a2 b 2 c
02. a b c2= ? [e.†ev. 2012; wm.†ev. 2008; gv`ªvmv †ev. 2012, 09] Ans. abc(a – b)(b – c)(c – a)
 a3 b 3 c3 

STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION Verification: x = 1, y = 2, z = 3:
A. 4xyz = 4.1.2.3 = 24; B. x2yz = 12.2.3 = 6
DU C. xy2z = 1.22.3 = 12; D. xyz2 = 1.2.32 = 18
  x  1 1 1
01.   = 0, x = ? [DU. 14-15] 05. x a b  0, x  ? [DU. 03, 04; CU. 02-03]
 x 
x2 a2 b2
A. , ,  B. ,  C. ,  D. , 
   A. a ev b B. a ev b C. a ev b D. a ev b
 x   0 x 
B Sol n   = 0  0  = 0 [c1 = c1 – c2]  1 1 1 
olve
S
 x   – x x   S D Sol n x2 a2 b2= 0
olve
 ( – x) (x – ) = 0  x = ,  x a b 
 0 0 1
b = 0  1
c = c1 – c2
Aspects super Tricks:  x – a a–b
x – a a – b b 
2 2 2 2 2  c2 = c2 – c3
†h †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki `ywU mvwi ev Kjvg Awfbœ n‡j wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e|
x =  ev x =  n‡j wbY©vq‡Ki `ywU mvwi Awfbœ n‡e Ges wbY©vq‡Ki gvb  0 0 1
k~b¨ n‡e|  (x – a) (a – b)  1 1 b = 0
x + a a + b b2 
a 1 bc  (x – a) (a – b) (a + b – x – a) = 0
02. b 1 c  a Gi gvb KZ? [DU. 12-13; JnU. 11-12]  (x – a) (a – b) (b – x) = 0  x = a, b
c 1 ab
ASPECTS SUPER TRICKS:
A. abc B. 0
C. abc (a+b) (b+c) (c+a) D. (a+b) (b+c) (c+a) x = a n‡j wbY©vq‡Ki 1g I 2q Kjvg `ywU GKB nq Ges wbY©vq‡Ki gvb
n a = 1 , b = 2, c = 3 n‡j  = 0 k~b¨ nq| Abyiƒc fv‡e x = b n‡j 1g I 3q Kjvg `ywU GKB nq Ges
olve
S B Sol
wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e|  x = a, b
1 bc bc(b  c)
03. wbY©vqK 1 ca ca (c  a ) Gi gvb KZ? [DU. 10-11] JU
1 ab ab(a  b) 01. †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki `ywU mvwi ev Kjvg m`„k n‡j, H wbY©vq‡Ki gvb n‡e- [JU. 15-16]
A. abc(a+b) (b+c) (c+a) B. abc (a+b+c) A. 1 B. 0 C. 2 D. 3
S B Sol n †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki `ywU mvwi ev Kjvg m`„k n‡j H wbY©vq‡Ki
olve
C. 1 D. 0
1 bc bc(b  c) a abc abc(b  c) gvb k~b¨|
n 1 ca ca (c  a ) = 1 b abc abc(c  a ) 02. wb‡Pi wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ?
olve
S D Sol [JU. 13-14, KU. 06-07; RU. 06-07]

abc
1 ab ab(a  b) c abc abc(a  b) 1 1 1
a b c
a 1 bc
a  bc b  ca c  ab
2 2 2
= abc b 1 c  a [c1=c1+c3]
A. 2 B. abc C. 0 D. a2b2c2
c 1 ab
 1 1 1 
abc 1 bc 1 1 bc S C Sol n  2 a c 
olve
b
= abc a  b  c 1 c  a = abc (a+b+c) 1 1 c  a = 0 a – bc b2 – ca c2 – ab
abc 1 ab 1 1 ab  0 0 1 
c  1
c = c1 – c2
= a–b b–c
[†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB|] a – bc – b + ca b – ca – c + ab c – ab c2 = c2 – c3
2 2 2 2 2 
xy x y = 1{(a – b) (b2 – c2 + ab – ca) – (b – c) (a2 – b2 + ca – bc)}
04. wbY©vqK x xz z Gi gvb- [DU. 08-09; RU. 18-19, 05-06; = (a – b){(b – c)(b + c) + a(b – c)} – (b – c){(a – b)(a + b) + c(a – b)}
= (a – b) (b – c) (a + b + c) – (a – b) (b – c) (a + b + c) = 0
y z yz
IU. 14-15; JnU. 06-07; RUET. 12-13; KUET. 08-09, 10-11, 17-18] ASPECTS SUPER TRICKS:
A. 4xyz B. 3xyz C. 2xyz D. xyz
n wbY©vqKwU‡Z x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 we‡ePbv Ki‡j wbY©vqKwUi
wbY©vq‡Ki Element ¸‡jv PµvKv‡i i‡q‡Q
olve
S A Sol [a  a2 – bc; b  b2 – ca; c  c2 – ab]

3 1 2 ∵ Element ¸‡jv PµvKv‡i i‡q‡Q ZvB wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨|
AvKvi nq: 1 4 3 = 3(20  9) 1(5  6) + 2(3  8) = 24
weKí: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 ai‡j
2 3 5
GLb †h Option ¸‡jv Av‡Q, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †hB Option G x=1, y=2 ,  1 1 1   1 1 1
2 a b c  =  1 2 3= 0
z = 3 emv‡j 24 cvIqv hv‡e †mwUB Correct Answer. a – bc b2 – ca c2 – ab –5 1 7
1 1 yz CU
03. 3.1 1 z  x wbY©vqKwU gvb KZ? [JU. 09-10] a  b  2c a b
1 1 xy 01. c b  c  2a b wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ? [CU. 13-14]
A. 3 + x + y + z B. 3 (x+y+z) C. 3 D. †KvbwUB bq c a c  a  2b
3
1 1 yz A. (a + b + c) B. 2(a +b + c)2
C. (a +b + c) D. 2(a + b + c)3 E. (a + b + c)2
S D Sol n 3. 1 1 z  x  0
olve
1 1 xy a + b + 2c a b 
S D Sol  n

olve
c b + c + 2a b
[†h‡nZz wbY©vq‡Ki cvkvcvwk `yBwU Kjv‡gi Dcv`vb GKB|]  c a c + a + 2b
RU 2(a + b + c) a b 
= 2(a + b + c) b + c + 2a b [c1 = c1 + c2 + c3]
1 1 1 2(a + b + c) a c + a + 2b
01. 1 1  a 1 Gi gvb- [RU. 15-16; KU. 03-04] 1 a b 
= 2(a + b + c)  1 b + c + 2a b 
1 1 1b 1 a c + a + 2b
A. ab B. 1–ab C. a + b + 1 D. 0 0 –(a + b + c) 0 
n = 2(a + b + c) 0 a + b + c –(a + b + c) 
olve
S A Sol 1 a c + a + 2b
1 1 1 0 0 1 [r1 = r1 – r2, r2 = r2 – r3]
 c1  c1  c 2   a a
1 1 a 1  a a 1 c  c  c  = 0  ab
b = 2(a + b + c).1({– (a + b + c)  –(a + b + c)} = 2(a + b + c)3
1 1 1 b 0  b 1 b  2 2 3
Aspects super Tricks: a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 a‡i,

1 1 1
02. wbY©vqK a b c Gi gvb KZ? [RU. 15-16, 07-08] a + b + 2c a b 
 c b + c + 2a b 
a2 b2 c2  c a c + a + 2b
A. (a  b) (b  c) (c  a) B. (a2  b2) (b  c) (c  a) 9 1 2
C. (a b) (b  c ) (c  a)
2 2
D. (a  b) (b  c) (c2 a2) = 3 7 2= 9(56 – 2) – 1(24 – 6) + 2(3 – 21) = 432
3 1 8
1 1 1 
S A Sol a2 b2 c2
n Option  D †Z a = 1; b = 2; c = 3
olve
a b c  a‡i, 2(a + b + c)3 = 2(1 + 2 + 3)3 = 2  63 = 432

 0 0 1
c 1
c = c1 – c2 1 x yz
= a – b b – c
2 c2 = c2 – c3
a – b b – c c 
2 2 2 2
02. 1 y z  x Gi gvb n‡e- [CU. 12-13, 05-06]
 0 0 1
1 z xy
= (a – b) (b – c)  1 1 c
a + b b + c c2 A. (x + y + z)3 B. (1+ x + y + z)3
= (a – b) (b – c) (b + c – a – b) = (a – b) (b – c) (c – a) C. 0 D. (y + z) (z +x) (x+y) E. y(x+y)
0 ba ca 1 x y + z  1 x x + y + z 
S C Sol n 1 y z + x= 1 y x + y + z  [c3 = c2 + c3]
olve
03. a  b c  b Gi gvb KZ?

0 [RU. 08-09] 1 z x + y 1 z x + y + z 
ac bc 0 1 x 1
A. (a + b + c)3 B. (a  b)3 = (x + y + z) 1 y 1 = (x + y + z)  0 = 0
1 z 1
C. (a  b) (b  c) (c  a) D. 0
 0 b – a c – a  Aspects super Tricks: wbY©vq‡Ki Element ¸‡jv PµvKv‡i i‡q‡Q|
S D Sol n a – b 0 c – b
olve
[x  y + z; y  z + x; z  x + y] ZvB wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨|

a – c b – c 0 
– – c c – a 1 0 0 1 0 0
 a b b
= a – b b – c c – b 
c1 = c1 – c2 03. a 0 1 0 b 0 1 0 = 0 n‡j- [CU. 12-13, 08-09]
a – b b – c 0  c2 = c2 – c3
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 1 c – a 
= (a – b) (b – c) 1 1 c – b= 0 A. a + b = 0 B. a b = 0 C. ab = 0 D. a/b = 1
1 1 0  1 0 0 1 0 0
S B Sol n a 0 1 0 b 0 1 0 0ab0 a b
olve
Aspects super Tricks:

Element ¸‡jv PµvKv‡i Av‡Q ZvB wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨| 0 0 1 0 0 1
2 2 ASPECT SERIES 
0 ab ca STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION
04. D  a 2b 0 bc 2 Gi gvb- [CU. 11-12] SUST
a 2c b 2c 0 a a x
01. hw`  = m m nnq, Z‡e Δ = 0 mgxKi‡Yi gyj n‡”Q- [SUST. 05-06]
A.0 B. a+b + c b x b
C. 2a3b3c3 D. a2c ab2 + a2b A. x = a, x = m B. x = b, x = m
2 2
 02 ab c a2 C. x = a, x = b D. †KvbwUB bq
S C Sol a2b 02 bc 
n
olve
a a x 0 a x
a c b c 0 
S D Sol   m m n  0
n m n c1  c1  c 2 
olve
 a a
0 0 0 a  bx
= a2b2c2 b 0 b= a2b2c2 b –b b [c2 = c2 – c3] b x b x b
c c 0 c c 0 a x
= a2b2c2 {a(bc + bc)}= a2b2c2.2abc = 2a3b3c3 = b  x   (b  x ) (an  mx )
m n
ASPECT SUPER TRICKS: a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 an
2 2    0  (b  x)(an  mx )  0  x  b,
 02 ab c a2 0 4 9  m
a2b 02 bc = 2 0 18
a c b c 0  3 12 0  STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING & BUTex QUESTION
= 0 – 4(0 – 54) + 9(24 – 0) = 216 + 216 = 432
BUET
Option  C †Z a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 a‡i
2a3b3c3 = 2  1.23.33 = 2  8  27 = 432
01. The value of is-
2(y  z) 1 2x
05. 2(z  x) 1 2y =? [CU. 07-08]
[BUET. 09-10; RUET. 11-12; KUET. 07-08]
2(x  y) 1 2z
A. log B. 0
A. 6 (x+y+z) B. 0 C. 2(x+y+z)
2 2 2
D. 8(x + y + z ) E. 1 C. log D. 1
 2(y + z) 1 2x
S B Sol n 2(z + x) 1 2y S B Sol n
olve
olve
2(x + y) 1 2z 
 2(x + y + z) 1 2x
= 2(x + y + z) 1 2y [c1 = c1 + c3]
2(x + y + z) 1 2z 
1 1 2x
= 2(x + y + z) 1 1 2y = 2(x + y + z)  0 = 0 [c1 = c1- c2, c2 = c2- c3]
1 1 2z 
= log
Aspects super Tricks: wbY©vq‡Ki Element ¸‡jv PµvKv‡i i‡q‡Q|
[2(y+z)  2x; 2(z+x)  2y; 2(x+y)  2z] ZvB wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨|
[wbY©vq‡Ki `yBwU Kjvg GKB nIqvq wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨]
bc α a
06. wbY©vqK D  c  a α b Gi gvb n‡e- [CU. 05-06] BUTex
ab α c
01. n‡j Gi gvb KZ? [BUTex. 16-17]
A. abc+ B. 0 C.  (bc)(ca)(ab)

D. E.  a b c A. 4abc B. abc
abc C. 4a2b2c2 D. a2b2c2
bc  a abc  a S C Sol n
olve
S B Sol D = c  a  b  a  b  c  b c1  c1  c3 
n
olve
ab  c abc  c D= a2b2c2
1 1 a
= (a  b  c) 1 1 b = (a  b  c)  0  0 4a2b2c2
1 1 c
 1 1 1
02. wbY©q‡Ki gvb KZ? [BUTex. 15-16] (iii) –3 3 –3 Gi gv‡bi mgvb
 2 –2 2
A. a+b+c B. 0 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
C. 1 D. abc A. i B. ii
C. i I iii D. i, ii I iii
S B Sol n 1 2 –3  1 1 1
olve
S C Sol n (i) 1 –2 3 = 2 –2 2
olve
 1 2 –3  –3 3 –3
wbY©vq‡Ki †iv¸‡jv Kjvg Ges Kjvg¸‡jv †iv n‡j gv‡bi cwieZ©b nq bv|
= (a + b + c) 1 + c2 2 –3 1 + c2 c2 –3
(ii)  1 – c2 –2 3= c 1 – c2 –c2 3 
 1 + c2 2 –3   1 + c2 c2 –3 
1 c2 –3
STEP 04 ANALYSIS OF BOARD QUESTION = c  1 –c2 3  [c1 = c1 – c2]
 1 c2 –3 
2 10 x
01. 23 12 y wbY©vq‡Ki mgvb †KvbwU? [w`.†ev: 2019] 1 2 –3
4 14 z = c. c  1 –2 3 
 1 2 –3 
4 10 x 4 10 2x
A. 6 12 y B. 6 12 2y  1 2 –3 2  1 1 1

8 14 z  8 14 2z  = c  1 –2 3 = c  2 –2 2
2
 1 2 –3  –3 3 –3

4 7 x + 2  2 10 x
    1 1
C. 6 8 y + 2 D. 3 12 y  1 1 1  1
8 9 z + 2  4 14 z (iii) –3 3 –3 = –  2 –2 2 †Kvb wbY©vq‡Ki †h †Kvb
 2 –2 2 –3 3 –3
2 10 x 4 10 x
S A Sol   
n 2 3 12 y = 6 12 y
 `yBwU mvwi ev Kjvg ci¯úi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j, wbY©vqKwUi wPý e`‡j hvq
olve
4 14 z 8 14 z  wKš‘ wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv|

 1  1 1 p 2 q + r 
02. A = 2 – 2 2 Gi gvbÑ [Kz.†ev: 2017] 03. q 2 r + p wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ? [w`.†ev: 2017]
–3  3 –3  r 2 p + q
A. 0 B. 1
1 2 –3 C. pqr D. p + q + r
(i)  1 –2 3 Gi gv‡bi mgvb
 1 2 –3  A Sol n p = 1, q = 2, r = 3
olve
S
1 + c2 2 –3 1 2 5
(ii)  1 – c2 –2 3 Gi gv‡bi mgvb 2 2 4= 1(6 – 8) –2(6 – 12) + 5(4 – 6) = – 2 + 12 – 10 = 0
 1 + c2 2 –3  3 2 3
MCQ CONCEPT TEST: TEST YOUR SKILL WRITTEN
1 1 1  1  2
01. k Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨  1 k k  wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ n‡e bv?
2
  03.  2 1  hw` 1 Gi GKwU RwUj Nbg~j nq, Z‡e cÖ`Ë
 1 k2 k4  2 1 
A. k = 1 B. k = –1
C. k = 3 D. k = 0 wbY©vqKwUi gvb-
A. 0 B. 1
0 3 2x  7
C.  D. 2
02. 2 7x 9  5x  0 n‡j, x Gi gvb-
0 0 2x  5 a 3 1
04. wbY©vqKwUi gvb k~b¨ n‡j a Gi gvb-
8 a4
9 7
A.  B. 
5 2 A. 4 or 5 B. 5 or 4
5 C. 3 D. 10
C.  D. 0
2
1 1 1 ●● OMR SHEET ●●
05. x a b  0, x  ? 01. A B C D 06. A B C D 11. A B C D
2 2 2
x a b 02. 07. 12.
A B C D A B C D A B C D
A. a ev b B. a ev b C. a ev b D. a ev b
03. A B C D 08. A B C D 13. A B C D
2 1
06. wbY©vqKwUi gvb 0 n‡j,  Gi gvb KZ? 04. A B C D 09. A B C D 14. A B C D
5 4
A. 5 A_ev 0 B. 6 A_ev 2 05. A B C D 10. A B C D 15. A B C D
C. 5 A_ev 3 D. 1 A_ev 3
[WRITTEN]
2 1 5
 1   2 
07. 4 3  2 wbY©qKwUi Ô0Õ Gi mn¸YK KZ? 16. „‟ hw` 1 Gi GKwU RwUj Nbg~j nq Z‡e    2
1  Gi gvb
1 0 6  2 1  
A. 18 B. 24 C. 16 D. 24 KZ?
5 6 7 1 a b + c 
08. 1 2 3 wbY©qKwUi gvb KZ? 17. 1 b c + a  wbY©vq‡Ki gvb KZ?
1 c a + b
3 6 9 2
x x 2
A. 2 B. 0 C. 1 D. 12 18. x Gi †Kvb gv‡bi R‡b¨  2 1 1 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ n‡e?
2 2  0 0  5
09. Gi gvb ïb¨ n‡j  Gi gvb-
4 8  logx logy logz 
19. The value of log2x log2y log2z = ?
A. 6, –4 B. – 6, 4 C. 6, 4 D. – 6, –4 log3x log3y log3z
1 1 1
10. wbY©vqK a c Gi gvb KZ?
1 1 12 
b 20. k Gi gv‡bi R‡b¨ 1 k k  wbY©vq‡Ki gvb 0 n‡e?
a 2
b 2
c2 1 k2 k4 
A. (a  b)(b c)(c  a) B. (a2  b2)(b c)(ca)
C. (a b)(b2  c2)(c  a) D. (a b)(b c)(c2a2) MCQ ANSWER ANALYSIS WRITTEN
1 1 1
11. bx‡Pi wbY©vqKwUi gvb KZ? a b c S.L Ans MCQ
a 2  bc b 2  ca c 2  ab 01 C Hints: See Concept-04
02 C Hints: See Concept-04
A. 2 B. abc C. 0 D. a2b2c2
03 A Hints: See Concept-03
1 2 3
12. 4 3 12 wbY©vq‡Ki gvb- 04 A Hints: See Concept-04
05 D Hints: See Concept-05
3 1 9
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
1 1 yz 08 B Hints: See Concept-03
13. 3.1 1 z  x wbY©vqKwU gvb KZ? 09 A Hints: See Concept-04
1 1 xy 10 A Hints: See Concept-05
A. 3 + x + y + z B. 3 (x+y+z) 11 C Hints: See Concept-05
C. 3 D. ‡KvbwUB bq 12 A Hints: See Concept-03
1 2 a 13 D Hints: See Concept-05
14. 4 5 6 ; a Gi gvb KZ n‡j wbY©qKwU singular n‡e? 14 C Hints: See Concept-04
7 8 9 15 B Hints: See Concept-05
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 16 4; Hints: Concept-03
2(y  z) 1 2x 17 Hints: g¨vwUª·, Concept-03
15. 2(z  x) 1 2y = ?
18 0, 2; Hints: wbY©vqK, Concept-03
2(x  y) 1 2z
19 0; Hints: wbY©vqK, Concept-03
A. 6 (x+y+z) B. 0
20 0, 1, 1; Hints: wbY©vqK, Concept-03
C. 2(x+y+z) D. 8(x2 + y2 + z2)

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46 An Exclusive Parallel Text Book Of Mathematics ASPECT MATH

π   g¨vwUª· I wbY©vqK cÖ_g cÎ 

2q Ask: wbYv© qK [DETERMINATION]

CONCEPT 01  Abyivwk ev Minor wbY©q

MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

S A Sol 7 2 (i) |A| = –7

cÖkœg‡Z, –2x = – 6  x = 3 (2, 1) Zg fzw³i Abyivwk = |3| = 3

CONCEPT 02  mn¸bK [Co-factor]

MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

8 01. X = 1 2 0  n‡j X Gi (3, 2) Zg mn¸YK KZ?

01. 4 5 9 wbY©vqKwUi 7-Gi cofactor-Gi gvbÑ [IU-F. 12-13]

CONCEPT 03  wbY©vq‡Ki gvb wbY©q

wbY©q Ki‡j Answer cvIqv hv‡e|

MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

03. D  0 10 0 n‡j D Gi gvb KZ n‡e? [CU. 08-09]

S D Sol 3(0–16) 4(0–0) + 5 (12–0)

S B Sol n wbY©vq‡Ki mvwi I Kjvg mg~n ci¯úi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡jI S  3 y = 3 2

wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv|  2x – y = 6 Ges y = 2  2x – 2 = 6  2x = 8  x = 4

n det (A) = 1(5 – 0) – (–3) (10 – 0) + (– 4) (– 4 – 3)

   = 0 [BRUR-E. 16-17; JKKNIU. 19-20]

S B Sol n 2 1Gi gvb = 2 1= 0  2 =  2

GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] & [MCQ]

nq, x + 9 = 0  x = – 9 A_ev, x2 – 3 = 0  x2 = 3  x =  3  wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = – 9,  3

MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

k = 0 n‡j cÖ`Ë wbY©vqKwUi 2q I 3q mvwi `ywU GKB nq Ges wbY©vq‡Ki 7 8 9

01. hw` 3 2 5  4 nq, Z‡e „a‟ Gi gvb KZ? [CU. 15-16]

[BUET. 05-06; KUET. 10-11] 3 4 0

CONCEPT 05  me¸‡jv ARvbv PjK _vK‡j gvb wbY©q

GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS & TIPS [MCQ]

GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS & TIPS [MCQ]

GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] 3 in 1 ASPECT TRICKS & TIPS [MCQ]

GENERAL RULES [WRITTEN] & [MCQ]

[Kz‡qU:03-04,11-12; iv.†ev:09; h.†ev:16; w`.†ev:14; P.†ev:16; wm.†ev:16,13,10]

MCQ & SAQ NOW PRACTICE WRITTEN

 REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS 

S D Sol [JU. 13-14, KU. 06-07; RU. 06-07]

S A Sol [a  a2 – bc; b  b2 – ca; c  c2 – ab]

Aspects super Tricks: a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 a‡i,

a b c  a‡i, 2(a + b + c)3 = 2(1 + 2 + 3)3 = 2  63 = 432

03. a  b c  b Gi gvb KZ?

[x  y + z; y  z + x; z  x + y] ZvB wbY©vq‡Ki gvb k~b¨|

Aspects super Tricks:

ab  c abc  c D= a2b2c2

S C Sol n (i) 1 –2 3 = 2 –2 2

 1 2 –3  –3 3 –3

4 14 z 8 14 z  wKš‘ wbY©vq‡Ki gv‡bi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv|

MCQ CONCEPT TEST: TEST YOUR SKILL WRITTEN

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