WEEK 1

This term has a manipulative or authoritative undertone that implies an attempt to control the
learner’s right to decision-making *
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Compliance
Adherence
Nonadherence
Noncompliance

Patient CV19 refuses treatment for his kidney disease as advised by Dr. Marvin to undergo
peritoneal dialysis. This is an example of: *
Compliance
Adherence
Nonadherence
Noncompliance
  
LOCUS OF CONROL is known as an individual’s sense of personal responsibility for behavior and
extent to which motivation to act originates from self. All of the following are considered as health
locus of control (HLOC) dimensions, except one: *
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Internal
Chance external
Outer external
Doctors external

 
A commitment or attachment to a prescribed, predetermined regimen *
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Compliance
Adherence
Nonadherence
Noncompliance

 
With this theory,patient demographics, severity of disease, and complexity of treatment regimen is
included *
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Biomedical theories
Behavioral
Communication Models
Social Learning theories

 
Focuses on external factors that influence the patient’s adherence such as rewards, cues,
contracts, and social supports. Select all that apply: *
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Biomedical theories
Behavioral
Communication Models
Social Learning theories
 
 
Communication Models are feedback loop of sending, receiving, comprehending, retaining, and
acceptance *
False
True
Not sure
Maybe
 
Rational belief theory does weigh the benefits of treatment and the risks of disease through the use
of cost-benefit logic *
False
True
Not sure
Maybe 

A psychological force that moves a person toward some kind of action, positive or negative *
Motivation
Definition
Readiness
Evidence  

Movement in the direction of meeting a need or reaching a goal *

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Lewin’s Theory
Dewy’s Theory
Rits and Mua’sTheory
Riven’s Theory

 
This introduces opposing positions, case studies, and variable instructional presentations. *
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Satisfaction
Attention
Confidence
Relevance

 
This pertains to timely use of a new skill, use of rewards, praise, and self-evaluation.  *
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Confidence
Relevance
Attention
Satisfaction
 
 
This deals with learning requirements, level of difficulty, expectations, attributions, and sense of
accomplishment *
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Attention
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfaction

 
This capitalizes on the learners’ experiences, usefulness, needs, and personal choices. *
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Satisfaction
Attention
Confidence
Relevance
 
 
This is a legitimate concern for the clinician because it is predictive of poor treatment outcomes and
lack of involvement in the therapeutic process *
Express empathy
Roll with resistance
Develop discrepancy
Avoid argumentation
Support self-efficacy
 
This can rapidly degenerate into a power struggle and do not enhance motivation for beneficial
change *
Support self-efficacy
Express empathy
Roll with resistance
Avoid argumentation
Develop discrepancy

 
This is highlighted by raising your clients' awareness of the negative personal, familial, or
community consequences of a problem behavior and helping them confront the substance use that
contributed to the consequences. *
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Avoid argumentation
Express empathy
Develop discrepancy
Roll with resistance
Support self-efficacy

 
This is a specifiable and learnable skill for understanding another's meaning through the use of
reflective listening. It requires sharp attention to each new client statement, and the continual
generation of hypotheses as to the underlying meaning" *
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Express empathy
Avoid argumentation
Develop discrepancy
Support self-efficacy
Roll with resistance

 
This requires you to recognize the client's strengths and bring these to the forefront whenever
possible. *
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Roll with resistance
Support self-efficacy
Avoid argumentation
Express empathy
Develop discrepancy

 
What is the best definition for the term motivation? *
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A submission or yielding to a predetermined goal
A psychological force that moves a person toward some kind of action
An observable behavior that can be directly measured
The premise on which an understanding of a phenomenon is based

 
Which model is used in health screening programs to predict preventive health behavior? *
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Health prevention model
Compliance
Motivation outcomes
Health belief model

Which are the primary interacting components of the health belief model? *
Age, sex, and race
Individual perceptions, modifying factors, and likelihood of action
Sociopsychological variables, structural variables, and cues to action
Prevention, promotion, and maintenance interventions

 
What are the three facilitating or blocking factor categories that can shape motivation to learn?  *
Knowledge about diseases, advice from others, and prior experience with an illness
Personality, social class, and peer pressure
Personal attributes, environmental influences, and learner relationship systems
Values, beliefs, and emotions

 
Which is the primary model used in nursing that relates to health-promoting lifestyles? *
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Self-actualization model
Health belief model
Health promotion model
Self-efficacy theory

 
Which model or theory explains behavioral change in terms of threat and coping? *
1/1
Health belief model
Health promotion model
Therapeutic alliance model
Protection motivation theory
 
 
Which theory or model should nurse educators use to design educational programs aimed at
changing or predicting a specific health behavior? *
Health promotion model
Theory of reasoned action
Theory of compliance
Theory of prediction

 
Age, gender, emotional state, and cognitive functioning are components of which motivation
category? *
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Personal attributes
Situational factors
Environmental influences
Interpersonal influence

 
Strategies to improve participation in an employee physical activity program? *
Health belief model
Therapeutic alliance model
Stages of change model
Self-efficacy theory

 
Which belief is part of the therapeutic alliance model? *
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The noncompliant client has greater power than the nurse educator.
Alliance indicates that the client is obedient and counter-dependent.
The client is viewed as having self-determination.
Compliance implies that the nurse educator has equal power with the client.
 
 
Nurses as educator in health promotion also have sub-roles. It consists of the following, except:  *
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Evaluator
Contract of change
Organizer
Facilitator of change
WEEK 2

How does functional illiteracy best defined? *

Difficulty reading and comprehending materials written at the fifth- to eighth-grade level
Lack of fundamental reading, writing, and comprehension skills needed to operate effectively in society
Difficulty reading or writing below the fifth-grade level
Inability to speak and write with fluency, clarity, and correct grammar

 
Illiteracy is generally interpreted as having reading skills at or below which grade level?  *
Fourth
Fifth
Seventh
Eighth

 
Which is a false assumption about individuals who are illiterate or low literate? *
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Many have been found to have a normal or above normal IQ.
They come from very diverse backgrounds.
They react to complex learning situations by withdrawal or avoidance.
Many have reading abilities that correlate with the number of years of schooling completed.
 
 
Which statement about literacy in the adult population is accurate? *
1/1
Adult illiteracy is on the rise despite public and private efforts to address the issue.
Literacy levels are an issue in teaching healthcare practices to patients as well as to nursing staff populations.
The initiation of appropriate interventions for patients with low literacy skills has become a subject of
considerable concern by healthcare providers.
Government initiatives in the last two decades have raised media attention about the literacy issue.

 
A 75-year-old woman has been hospitalized for five days for treatment of ovarian cancer. She has
been a homemaker all of her adult life, raising four children and helping to care for 12
grandchildren. She has lived alone since her husband died two years ago. The primary nurse is
preparing discharge instructions for the client on self-care activities at home. The client tells the
nurse that she completed high school but did not have the time nor interest to pursue any additional
formal education. Which is the best approach for the nurse when educating this client? *
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Provide her with printed instructional materials commonly used on the unit for patient education.
Look for clues that she may be low literate and will have trouble using the typical printed education materials
available to help her learn.
Assume that her readability skills are minimal and that the nurse will have to rely on instructional tools other than
written materials for teaching.
Test her comprehension level by asking her to recall an example of health instruction she received on the day of
admission.

 
According to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, Title V, health literacy is the
degree to which an individual has the capacity to: *
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read patient education materials or make an appointment.
obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health
decisions.
demonstrate strong reading and writing skills.
understand health decisions made by healthcare providers.

How does comprehension best defined? *

The ease with which written or printed information can be read
The degree to which individuals understand what they have read
The ability to read numbers and accurately pronounce printed words
The ability to accurately interpret the spoken word and oral instruction
 
Which is not a factor that correlates significantly with levels of illiteracy and low literacy in the U.S.
population? *
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A rise in the number of illegal immigrants
An increase in the number of older adults over 65 years of age
Advances in technology and the complexity of information
The growing number of students in public schools
 
 
The nurse should assess a client’s: *
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e-health literacy.
health literacy.
comprehension of printed materials only.
Both A and B, above

 
People with poor reading skills have difficulty analyzing instructions. *
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True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
People with poor literacy skills think in very concrete, specific, and literal terms. *
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True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
They investigated characteristics of persons who had identified themselves as literacy disabled  *
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(Giorgianni, 1998).
Fleener and Scholl (1992)
(Doak et al.,1996)
Hussey and Guilliland (1989)

 
The Patient’s Bill of Rights requires that patients and their families are provided with information
that is understandable. *
1/1
True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
The Patient’s Bill of Rights mandates that patients receive complete and current information in
terms they can understand. *
1/1
True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
Research findings indicate that most PEMs are written at grade levels that far exceed the reading
ability of the majority of patients. PEM stands for: *
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People Envy Memory
Printed Education Materials
People Education Materials
Printed Educcation Methods

 
It must be voluntary and based on an understanding of benefits and risks to treatment or
procedures. *
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PEMS
Patient’s Bill of Rights
Informed consent
Waiver

 
According to this author, the impact of literacy is broader than just the inability to read *
1/1

Giorgianni, 1998  
Fleener and Scholl (1992)
Doak et al.,1996
Hussey and Guilliland (1989)

 
Caregivers often overestimate an individual’s ability to understand instructions and are quick to
label someone as uncooperative and noncompliant. *
1/1
True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
The readability level of PEMs is between the 8th and 11th grades. *
1/1
True
Maybe
False
Undecided

 
A measurement tool that measures the materials written between the fifth grade and college level *
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Flesch-Kincaid Scale
REALM
TOFHLA
Fry Readability Graph

 
This health literacy tool measures health literacy skills using actual hospital materials; sections on
reading comprehension and numeracy *
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Flesch-Kincaid Scale
REALM
TOFHLA
Fry Readability Graph
This comprehension test is specifically recommended for assessing medical literature with
individuals reading at sixth-grade level or above. *
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Cloze Procedure
OPS Procedure
Listening Test
Memory Test

 Here in the tool, a three minute passage.

Listening test.

It is also necessary to simplify the readability of printed education materials. Audience suitability
usually depends on: *
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Grade-level demand
Technical format
Concept density
All of the above
 
 
In using techniques for writing effective health materials, we consider the following criterion,
except: *
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Write in a conversational style with an active voice, using the personal pronouns “you” and “your.”
You can exceed more than 30 to 40 characters per line.
Define any technical or unfamiliar words in parentheses
Highlight important ideas or words with bold type or underlining.

 
This type of reading skills and health literacy test is used to determines a patient’s ability to find and
navigate electronic health information *
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eHEALS (eHealth Literacy Scale)
LAD (Literacy Assessment for Diabetes)
SAM (Suitability Assessment of Materials)
NVS (Newest Vital Sign)

 
A tool to tool to assess the suitability of instructional materials for a given group of learners  *
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eHEALS (eHealth Literacy Scale)
LAD (Literacy Assessment for Diabetes)
SAM (Suitability Assessment of Materials)
NVS (Newest Vital Sign)

 
The interest in the literacy problem has escalated tremendously in the last 5-10 years, and recent
survey results demonstrate that literacy, numeracy, and technology problems are still prevalent. *
2/2
True
False
Not sure
A&B only

 
This tool identifies those at risk for low health literacy *
2/2
eHEALS (eHealth Literacy Scale)
LAD (Literacy Assessment for Diabetes)
SAM (Suitability Assessment of Materials)
NVS (Newest Vital Sign)
WEEK 3

View children as an asset, not a liability. Believe witchcraft is cause of illness. *

Black/African American Culture
Hispanic/Latino Culture
Asian/Pacific Islander Culture
American Indian/Alaskan Native Culture

Which of the following refers to recognizing and appreciating “the external signs of diversity” in
other ethnic groups: *
Cultural awareness
Cultural competence
Cultural diversity
Cultural relativism

Girls learn to talk, use sentences, and use a greater variety of words earlier than boys. In addition,
girls speak more clearly, read earlier, and do consistently better on tests of spelling and grammar.  *
Mathematical ability
Verbal ability
Conformity & dependence
Values and life goals

It refers to ethnocultural groups of people “who have experiences different from those of the
dominant culture by virtue of status, ethnic background, residence, religion, education, or other
factors. *
Ethic Group
Ethnocentrism
Ideology
Subcultures

Teaching Strategies to resolve problems contributing to LGBT Health disparities *

Create an environment welcoming to all men and women.
Avoid making assumptions about family structure, sexual preference, or lifestyle.
Adjust admission or intake forms to be more inclusive.
A, B and C

A concept describing “the universal tendency of human beings to think that their ways of thinking,
acting, and believing are the only right, proper, and natural ways . . . *
Ethic Group
Ethnocentrism
Ideology
Subcultures

Which of the following cultural characteristics refers to the willingness of a person emigrating to a
new culture; *
Acculturation
Assimilation
Cultural awareness
Cultural competence

Blended of four philosophies such as Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, and Phi *

Black/African American Culture
Hispanic/Latino Culture
Asian/Pacific Islander Culture
American Indian/Alaskan Native Culture

Largest, fastest growing subculture in U.S. *

Black/African American Culture
Hispanic/Latino Culture
Asian/Pacific Islander Culture
American Indian/Alaskan Native Culture
The complex concepts of, creativity, analytical skill, and cognitive styles, when examined, have led
to mixed findings regarding gender differences. *
Verbal ability:
Mathematical ability:
Aggression
Problem solving

The Four Major Subcultural Ethnic Groups These groups total approximately one-third of the U.S.
population *
Black/African American
Hispanic/Latino
Asian/Pacific Islander
American Indian/Alaskan Native
All of the above

Problems contributing to LGBT health disparities *

Social stigma contributes to negative health behaviors (e.g., alcohol, drug use) and stress and high incidence of
depression, anxiety.
Structural barriers decrease access to health care (e.g., no insurance for same-sex domestic partners).
Lack of culturally appropriate care results in limited or ineffective use of healthcare services (e.g., unwillingness
to disclose sexual identity to healthcare provider).
All of the above

Second-largest U.S. ethnic group *

Black/African American Culture
Hispanic/Latino Culture
Asian/Pacific Islander Culture
American Indian/Alaskan Native Culture

A “the totality of socially transmitted behavioral patterns, arts, beliefs, values, customs, lifeways,
and all other products of human work and thought characteristic of a population of people that guide
their worldview and decision making”. *
Cultural competence
Cultural diversity
Cultural relativism
Culture

It is a conscious process of demonstrating knowledge and understanding of a client’s culture. *

Cultural competence
Cultural diversity
Cultural relativism
Culture

Which of the following gender-related personality behaviors indicates that females are more likely to
express achievement in social skills and social relations, whereas men are more likely to try to
succeed in intellectual or competitive activities. *
Conformity & dependence
Emotional adjustment
Values and life goals
Achievement orientation

Girls get better grades on average than boys, particularly at the elementary school level. Scholastic
performance of girls is more stable and less fluctuating than that of boys. *
School achievement
Emotional adjustment
Values and life goals
Achievement orientation

Which assessment model emphasizes improvement of cross-cultural healthcare communication: *

Giger & Davidhizar’s Transcultural Assessment Model
Nurse/Client Negotiations Model
Learn model
Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
This is also referred to as a subculture: *
Ethic Group
Ethnocentrism
Ideology
Subcultures

Which ability recognize a figure when it is rotated such as detecting a shape embedded in another
figure, and is consistently better for males than for females. *
Verbal ability
Mathematical ability
Spatial ability
Problem solving

WEEK 4

A very important tool to consider as a key in the family’s role during chronic Illness or disability is:  *
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Communication
Honesty
Empathy
Guidance

 
In the family’s role during chronic Illness or disability, families are usually considered as main care
providers and support system. *
1/1
True
False
Maybe
A&B only

 
Chronic Illness is the Leading cause of death in U.S. *
1/1
True
False
Maybe
A&B only

 
All of the following is true regarding the Chronic Illness, except: *
Successful management is a life-long process.
Development of good learning skills is matter of survival.
The learning process must begin with illness onset.
All of the above
None of the above

 
To a person with communication disorders, deficits affect perception and/or language production
abilities. *
True 
False
Maybe
A&B only

 
The following are considered as most common residual communication deficits, except: *
Global aphasia
Expressive aphasia
Deceptive aphasia  
Anomic aphasia

 
A severe chronic state that is present before 22 years of age, is caused by mental and/or physical
impairment, and is likely to continue indefinitely *
1/1
Assistive Technologies
Memory Disorders
Developmental Disabilities
Communication Disorders

 
Falls are considered as the leading cause of physical disabilities: *
0/1
Maybe
True
False
A only

 
Treatments for traumatic brain injury includes the following (SATA): *
0/1
Acute care
Acute rehabilitation
Long-term rehabilitation
Ultimate goal of independent living

 
In caring for those clients with sensory deficits / visual impairments, we consider the following
guidelines, except: *
1/1
Use nonverbal cues
Braille keyboards, displays, and printers
Avoid the tendency to shout
Use proper lighting
None of the above

What models/perceptions of disabilities on this characteristics of a belief that people with disabilities
must be cured. *
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Moral model
Medical and rehabilitation models
Disabilities model
None of the above

Some disabilities are associated with additional chronic health problems. *

True

Fifteen percent of people worldwide live with a disability *

True
False