als\te ae | | jones copes MND ERROR % Obes » gounce & i hh coasts Corninunication Privasy Coe ae a a ons op Ae Reve OF Tyormanion “TePry | ya branch or" Deo pralypis eh? POrommcceion . , I Tea int AUR 1 Entropy :a ERROR Coy mite | AnOeahy Or INFormaTion » 4 “The amount © information or is wc ed te Sansmitted over chanul ia defiid OX” Staxtitecod om Buch von Protabitty of veamane ig” 2 te (Yr) bile] eyenbet Ree OF INFoeMation + The "oh of trformation R, difinud wae sawing — NO-o Lilk wey information per 2erord bitt | second D) Coleutot “the cmeunt ef Brfomation if BR Ya s The mount 6} Tafemation Tt)- 5 tog. (K,\ Whe Pr = Ya i) 5 ta,(a) [vu as i om Ttsy = bib | Symiot DISCERETE —MeMpRYLEss CHANNEL: The channel & Maid te be dinate, both % and ; trout te he meme on he voutrent Gutpat, MEE”} vot wall Be ss [ er pf arog PT oul iat iv, § iy a, ne ulate ng {ebabil 4 2a pe feeordts OM ont Coreaperdng \7 Se fh itd | ke BY by = Te a preliige Se Yecere Ga & oly = 200 Symbol [eto N= 4 Re vies) bi | see His) = = Mea R a) = 2B Fi log, Yeo) = Flea, Cp) + & pan) + Pega +6 toy, (Ye) [> tog, Clee \"°" os tena =Sian Le to © °UO)* (tc) 2 agli Yy loa, Ce m PM “Tat au anei f Avatag Bigoas th AarAlimitid To canny ard |) sampucd ak Nyquist gat the empl, saa partie ‘ote | fered ake fowbability eccumancs Trust dude Fw Poe Vy * Br R= Bla dink out Anfprmation oat of Bourne Nea BW = ano, He agen] ans - mt N Hee) = =z Pr tea, ( ‘Iee) i a Os tole) Prleg, (Ne) + Ba toy, (Yon) + Fo lop, Yes) +H bey, Ute) WE Mg (a) ) 408: fi, (549) whe bs Yi ee A a (oes en Chany Of “ee tert) ~ Th* % (Saha Hts) = sob | bile | aymbot Kay f bandlinita ccaman | | dy sanaleg Spot trabili ° } x Jeapen nate ae ie fata? a ; a le dant? gee 4, es BBs Qxan = PONY hed = Ets tes (ee) > &. fr leg.) = Pla (i) + % bal Ye.) + Fe loa +h le, Y,) " + [2bq (8) | + = [ata (40) © ps a i BY 5 OBbQ+ [0b Hed = pasts biel. { R= retReoPermes of ENmeopy Froveery 4 .— 4 EnGiopy i dune trun wit | 1 foe Se Faposivla ‘tun the lowes bound b a ee 4 Alepy comesponde Ie uncntalnity | His) =o th Pro (on , 'h & so N Hed= ¢ Fe log (Yr) = 0% le» tlre) =o h Pott thon Hts)= tea tis) 2a fro PerTy—-25 The Entropy Hs) (qk ual thy for Ke Smbelua [ese3 CHARINEL * qymmentric CHAN! Bary Syme ; hon — has d ay Gyennent Site pana ee 1. A i iving 4 f v v and vi 2 le Ya LP } Opry } t HPNNEL“0 | Soorce Conpiney : Se | Souree Cos a qoous 4y ! [ Sirercon ts Theorem :-4: [deals with Zone ] A diets memony tue pd sea } Hes) Ond sauerage sede Sangin T for sony ssitetiony | toss Rourke entenkig Achy Js Sourd \ ! E SNe SheNon's Ticoeem : 2 + [ deal with channel | avtuidhShenon's [en4 ie 8 phinas sain: g-no| § Qignal Noise 4 ORANNON Fano Copinta: Shannen fono algorithm ig used who no: © bits tor | high poy botobly Rotepure ‘ Sep 4: he oorcowng———— ab 2 ony auspeulércly tons | be Shannen FRNo tead - and eielency | ine a | 1h] Syembole 2 8 J sof 209% 9 Oty Ot Word Henan fae Bt = Hes) | eritncy Eh 00 | peng 1 Zz oO} | N (oot tol 6 i10 | | > 2g 5 tae ‘ a ; Pp cool t feta t Paka: Aly +8) A disueti yoke Nth Be probabilities OA, Ole, O” Auapackively Lontat &hanne f orc eduiswmine the OpisiS | > Shi > Ble Blt Bai Bhy, ‘S ble od vet we OAX2 + O19¥2 + OTEK2 +0)bite | symvet HurpMan CopINe: tr. Same cost ian °. yo ses Hujpman cecing ner ' See So as thannom pone SO" : number Lsinoay = robability t leads 48 menage Feocep ure resSyotels| — Potabi ge 4 el 7a (ode oe | oe oy] 04 [p> 044 & | Of. tefl 2 SF 3 3 oO acl) isd 1 oo 5 wt Rm mn ous eal r 7 | | a | 100 fs $5 ° | ot. i ou i | tor | 3 c | | |: et 28 | eo s T= < Piece pity, = Piya --t Ale a ie Los owns 4 o-ann 4 (018) 4 T = 25 big { ¢mbo) & His) = sue : i we a (0452)Pls) <04 5 Plex) > OIF > PCSs\=neren Gade wed Renal Plss) ole. Pid Oveage RY) my ®Senet. UO-ce : Symids | protabiis “i | Stapd | Stoge: . = “ | age2 | Sha Cede wierd | Lanath | ee | oo 2 | 2 ee gee | en ait ' ot 4 7 ae oy fie ° ° loo 3 | OW | o | | | = Bf ho (Ye | (ee 2) )s bai tx 4m (‘he lo9, ote) = ohare 207 a al = 3 ue)Burren CoP Symeot} proeneutesNoweress Copine, “Theorem! ve than aay awsian Longin i fae, Cimsla) win |ae - chon sae trunds upen tivo paramelins I Bondwi din 04 than «© aa Slum ebaich flows, 7 denn 2} Tiodes. Th Ode ty luo aie woke (or) hia ented + A diveutt memoria Zovate be V8 fa 18s Sede ond tomtauct Bhannion dano take and Ruffian ted Pls) = oe , Pesa)= 0-8 , ples) = 0@ , P(Sy)> O Piss) 7 - Ghulae ot TP} T tun nevon FANG Copintte — } E : ( } | symots peosnsrery) Sra) emmaes| sme} ee i PnvBs 0-3 ° o | ee ; | en kae aaa dey | eee 83 | | 3 F ve i © 3 ico Fam a |) oe i | ! or (or 3 | | St 1 col 1 ! ae Hoe | os | Set ‘3 = PL; salen» Plaetaed 2 fear” + Bly i | se = O8r2 + One +0263 1 o-2n2, +O1m TE gay pits] symbol His) = =i tog, Cp) : ye L510 Lite) ate (2)HUFFMAN CODING * “Gages a plcek length [Syne] rovalsliy) Ste Sep | # $ | O38 8&3 Or Lo = 03x22 + O2xo +O02¥2+0-2x8 +49 Lo. bela [Ayre His)= Q-aybs} phos “7 { 7 ve “ten 0 Orr Te We fe ‘ Pe ink Ypres Or dine Coviny Nez pola, Enucdirg 2 Unipolar Enteding f ‘olan Entodin Mbn B Coded ) D Nez [wor Retuey Te Zero) : = unipolar Nez pony New OntPotne $Ne2 Potar : Xt) = j tA NR2 BiPope »peTURN “10 a) Rz [ Rev + Nae i L ‘ kz Bipoloa = ee pole Cane R Rz unipolev 4 2 UntpoLar : ‘ a7 95K, wie 78 ee Sypmbsk 1 seats (Ot Sumlsot °| pz BIPOLAR 1) = in ov -R ymbol Y ee ° f Ara tre NR2 and ) Fer given lolo lo ¢ Signal toto! ‘ype! oh ie i) NR2 : 4) NR UnipotoyIr | ONRz BI POLAR: | Rz: a) RZ _UNi polng +\ aol a 4 . a} pow ane tine ted Wave fers fer RZ afd NRe formats “for que egret. tooll cok | Nez | a) Nez UNI Poe * ! O NR2 BiporpR:} by R2 POLAR: | as CE ret Af . Epp e td ©) Re BIPOLAR! Vio lS 1A10414 t, Li 0, 0, 0 Tio tt or Vio.8 8 1 NRZ BIPOURR Desitan) R2 BipoLAR DESten tl ucodes Abed dh oer ge ONE Mal cods Pete divided ints ae used 8 \ FPecen, of __ Dann “TRANSMISSION | aq ee7 i mull pAc nding Lexhnique gat ake he mapgivelng Uke tong” Re the oe ee) di pwr | Multip nance - Compression “TEcHiniques : The pmocess Of 4s neferud os data Compression ee:} { © | | Error CONTROL copes Ano. APHEATIONE! | Emey, contact Coang deerniguis She AFoneritted Jp odniene aetuan Bynes eo a ke and OO Kenran Sarnithion dar Neep for CoDINer — identify tw Bit Exor Role [eewy aes Folilae Fo & bit Cregg Aanister Ne <> power Epectum ensdiy - Types oO [ F ERROR ConTRoL CODES: - 4B stock, Code > Minsas 2. Conyolution Code 5 Non-Linsas 1) Brock CopeIT || 2) Convorution Cope | NERO Boose || ‘The ate technique Ae MOY is Wolk = Kerwolutien vod fn pene _—_Bhoek _Coves * TERMINOLO (ates + D Cope _Worp: 2) Cove Rare +| vf oma Tha, Hamoning usta wn] von ea ' | pe A= 06 ' | * jlo ' ft rg % cnn Tre Cobe > WCA) ») Wetent _0F R No. % Nen — Zoo's, s Kode a Cee No co one's or) uk A = 5 10 te wil WOR) = 4 Find out “De a Be Sg oui a6,3 dinar bck codes with peas chick if Constouct frratuix Hb glven by t aot e oF WT Bt ays Genetal farmee ° Itt © wet | fe ee, | ed ) Pies “ for ghar posit mabax 6,3 Ainear Jstodk / ie te penitle al isos covredion Vectors alto dea tut dabection and Oo factability code 2 (nk) © (63) = mauf aa et Le es = QO, Pee eee ‘ee Le Cha er [coies, 208° | (i oo ous 4 oo@0 2) ie 61 Geer Ome mas - [or cm ee Li [eres 1ecee, Le} owvee] 0 to} c= Tab [ ' -"] [!8260, woes, eee® i} | too - eo 14 fit Somat (e’ . 4 oae oret ce Le “| . [ieee 1® 00 ona \ The minimum — Wesght ef. bed Jdenin = S Emor wdabetion : Amin S$ SH “ 38> Sr» fs 27 idConvorotten_ COPE” | kine ae A ad dos. Son / Hon goals “™ co io cy rea his 3onwelution Ee poe Demin Bue output Soup, ; ; ntoder by gprsaev pupae x 2Or fog 2) = 1 © & OX 3 28 ; Cr cot}Kym (4 p34 Y)C1 +04) | - 10 0%9 Mp ro 2b 2% @ vw po v* XP t+ De Dy aha t Mcise GUNG et 0.01) *2" = | Mba \ f (eds D1) ( ps) '@ Dee ate 2 © vr OD™ 2. 4 t+ p> 4 34 vt 4 07+ D" ¢ ) / High metale jal 2- —— oe Text. Book Feoeums a d/o omalog Bignat Gs Bandbinitid ty 26Mey 5 Basapld at the Nyquist mab and he Samples er Yyanti ged inte the qpantigation Luvel © 62 Os ,&y Aue oveureed A dunk +17 | Trdapenc\ and Occurs ite proabilities B~ Fa~ lls PB hy Find te Informalion bab of Source {Solution : fformation ra. R= THs) Ye OBS Axgiy -Jaty oe Sh loa, CYe:) Whe N= = tile, CYR) > fla (Ye: +o tog, (2) lected axe let (Y g Ys) 2 eS Le ee ee te ( Yate) bev) 2) = 0-15 + obra Rts) = teu bile [ Symtobe alg R= dex 1-60 8B, 1 2) Fie Sours Imerages Mo 018 y mg soleTe Seni + Zpai > Fart Prat Robe thy Tx im t= @xo4)+ Cows xa) + Commxsx2) + (015x2) [T= 2:3 bib [Symbols] Nn x io 5 - wis) eSB le (Mee) = Z Filey, (Yr) aa lo (Ye) boo + Bele) Joa eNinig ie logy (2) ~ 04 ete You) + Ato len, (Sea AO (2) oe me = 05288 + t. bya 22 Bl |i] a D {Sg oN) = 04sedi is given DS dolloust = a) cot, b) bloo e Otol Solution » (uy) = Ge