SEMESTER-2

BASIC STRUCTURE
JAMBS
It is the horizontal and vertical side portion of a door or window where sides of the frame are fixed.

FLOOR COVERING
It is additional cover to the flooring. Some of them are easily removable, foldable and also rolled.
E.g. Linoleum, Rubber-Vinyl, Rug, Carpet, Mats, etc.

CORNICE
It is the component which is situated at the junction of Original ceiling or false ceiling and wall. It is
generally made of fibrous plaster but sometimes of wood.
In classified buildings, it is a moulded decorative component projecting from the wall.

PICTURE RAIL
Picture Rail is a plain rail or moulded rail, fixed to internal walls at or above door height, for Hanging
Pictures. It is provided in interior space.

CHAIR RAIL
Chair Rail is wooden moulding, fixed to wall at chair back height, to protect the wall and wall finishes
against damage from the chair backs.

PARTITION
A partition wall may be defined as a wall or division made up of bricks, wood studding , glass or other
such material and provided for the purpose of dividing one room or portion of a room from another.
Generally, they are designed as non-load bearing walls.

PANELLING
Paneling in architecture and design is made by material, usually flat and cut into a rectangular shape
that serves as the visible and exposed covering for a wall. It is generally decorative or functional
providing insulation and soundproofing, combined. It can either be done on the interior or the exterior
of a building or house.

CLADDING
This component is an outer non-load bearing stone tiled covering fixed to the external or internal wall
ofa framed building or structure. It is being fixed for weatherproofing and sometimes for decorative
purpose.

DADO
This component is an ceramic tiled covering of the internal walls of room or space.It is generally done in
Kitchen,Toilets, Bathrooms,Nursing Homes, Pantry, Hospitals etc.It is done for ease of maintenance ,
water/weather proofing and sometimes for decorative purpose.
WATA (VATA)
This is specified waterproofed rounding at the junction of horizontal and vertical parts of building
structure (external), to prevent water stagnation at the junction and protect the same from water
leakage through joint of slab – wall or RCC-Brick Wall to the underneath floor or inside room.
It is done on junction of Terrace floor & Parapet wall, Chajja , Roof,etc.

CANOPY
A canopy is an overhead roof that is constructed to give shade and shelter. It is generally a covering that
is attached to the outside of a house. It protects the building from the weather conditions,
It is built to cover the exterior of windows and doors on a building and also sometime at entrance area
of a structure. They are fixed structure made of RCC or detachable made of Metal framing with various
covered surfaces.

PORCH
It is a simple covered approach to an entrance doorway of a building with either open or partially closed
sides and having vertical supports at the free end to provide shelter for Entrance door, Car park in front
of entrance etc.

GATE
It is a component which gives access to an enclosed space through compound wall or fence to the
building structure. The gate is generally fabricated out of a movable frame of timber or metal sections
fixed and hinged to side vertical supports of compound wall or fence.

PLINTH PROTECTION
It is provided for protection to plinth from rats or rodents, who otherwise enter in the plinth portion of
the building from underground and damage the earth filling by making hollow packets. It is laid along
the building line and made out of dry rubble packing in level with layer of PCC mixed with glass pieces up
to the width of 90cms and thickness of 15cms for desired purpose.

DAMP PROOF COURSE [D P C]

A continuous durable layer of an impervious material placed in masonary wall or between floor and wall
to prevent the upward or downward migration of moisture, sub-soil water etc.