NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

LESSON 4.
Unpacking the Self

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

I. PHYSICAL SELF

Physical self refers to the body which we interface

with our environment and fellow being. It is a
tangible aspect of the person that can be directly
observed and examined.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

William James considered body as initial source of

sensation and necessary for the origin and
maintenance of personality. It is an element of
spiritual hygiene of supreme significance.

For example, a boxer during a fight, do not

notice/feels his wounds until the intensity of fight
has subside.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

∙ Sigmund Freud, In Psychoanalytical school,

construction of self and personality makes the
physical body the core of human experience.

∙ Wilhelm Reich argued that mind and body are

one; all psychological processes, he postulated,
are a part of physical processes, and vice versa.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

∙ According to Erik Erikson, the role of bodily organs is especially

important in early developmental stages of a persons life. Later in
life, the development of physical as well as intellectual skills help
determine whether the individual will achieve a sense of
competence and ability to choose demanding roles in a complex
society.

For example a child get their confidence when they bigger, stronger,
faster and more capable of learning complex skills.

∙ Carl Jung, argued that the physical body and the external world can
be known only as psychological experiences. ∙ B.F. Skinner, says that
the role of the body is of primary importance.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

SELF – ESTEEM
“We all know that self-esteem comes from what you think of you, not what other people think of
you” -Gloria Graynor –

Physical self, dictates how we act in front of other people it also defines how we will manage our self-
esteem.

Self-esteem is vital on how we form positive and healthy relationships with people around us.

Different kinds of self-esteem;

The Inflated Self- Esteem (this people holds high regards of themselves. Better than the other to the
point of under estimating them),

High Self-Esteem (this is a positive self-esteem, which make the person be satisfied of themselves)

and Low Self-Esteem (this person do not value themselves and do not trust their possibilities).

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

II. SEXUAL SELF

HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM is an organ system by which

reproduces and bear live offspring. It requires the union between the
male and female reproductive system to which carries out to produce
another life form. Provided that all organs are present, human
reproductive system works from the released of egg cell from female
reproductive organ, to the fertilization of sperm cells, to the
conception, up to the giving birth of the baby and eventually to the
return of the female physical body to the original state. (Harrison, 2018)

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Beginning of life

Life begins at fertilization. It refers to the meeting of the female sex cell and the
male sex cell. These sex cells are developed in the reproductive organs called
GONADS. The male sex cell called spermatozoa [sing. –zoon] are produced in the
male gonads called testes. On the other hand, the female sex cells called ova are
produced in the female gonads known ovaries. The fertilized egg cell known as zygote
contains all the hereditary potentials from the parents. This zygote goes to the uterus
and continues to grow during the gestation period of about 280 days or 36 weeks or 9
calendar months.

Both male and female chromosomes contain several thousands of genes – called
deoxyribonucleic acid which is the code of heredity. Maturation is the unfolding of the
inherent traits.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

HUMAN ANATOMY

Puberty is the period of life when the reproductive organs grow to their adult
size and become functional under the influence of rising levels of gonadal
hormones [testosterone in male and estrogen in female] and generally between
the age of 10-15 years old.
At the age of 13, male puberty is characterized by the increase in the size of
the reproductive organs followed by the appearance of hair in the pubic area,
axillary and face. The reproductive organs continue to grow for two years until
sexual maturation marked by the presence of mature semen in the testes.
For the female, the budding of their breasts usually occurring at the age of
11 as a sign of their puberty stage. Menarche is the first menstrual period of
females which happens two years after the start of puberty. Hormones play an
important role in the regulation of ovulation and fertility of females.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Male Reproductive System

a. Testis – is the most important part of male reproductive organ. It is the source of
Spermatozoa (male germ cell)

b. Scrotum – it is a sac of skin where the two testes are enveloped; directly below and
outside of the abdomen.

c. Prostate glands – it is a gland that carries out both urine and seminal fluid. It is connected
by sperm ducts from sperm ducts joining into single tube called urethra. Urethra then leads
to the outside of the body through penis.

d. Penis – it is where the ejaculation occurs by sending sperm cell from testis and secrete
out.

e. Sperm – It is a male gametes, one that is necessary for the egg to develop and become a
baby.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Female Reproductive System

1. Ovary – It is a pair of small, oval organs which produces ova (ovum; female germ
cells). Thousands of ova will mature and will be taken up to the fallopian tube
through the uterus by the time of puberty.

2. Fallopian Tube – are pair of thin tubes that leads from ovaries to the uterus.

3. Uterus – (womb) it is a hollow pear-shaped elastic muscular structure where

fertilized ovum (zygote) develops into a baby.

4. Vagina – It is a tube leading to outside of the body through an opening called the
vulva.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Factors in development of the physical self

The development of the individual is caused by two interacting forces: heredity and
environment.

Heredity [nature] is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring it provides the
raw materials of which the individual is made up.

While the environment [nurture] is the sum total of the forces or experiences that a
person undergoes from conception to old age. It includes family, friends, school, nutrition
and other agencies one is in contact with.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Physiological Aspects of Sexual Excitement

Erogenous Zone

These are part of the body that particularly sensitive to touch,

pressure and vibration which contributes to sexual arousal.
Identifying erogenous zone (“hot spots”) gives different reaction
and effect to a person. For one, these could bring sexual
satisfaction, also, improves sexual health and stimulating different
spots may produce different reaction to the body. Female and
male erogenous zone are reproductive organ (vagina, penis,
scrotum & clitoris), mouth (lips), neck, breast (nipples) and ears.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Phases of Sexual Response

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

According to Johnson & Master (1966), sexual response follows a regular pattern
consisting of four (4) phases: arousal, plateau, orgasm and resolution.

The arousal phase is a subjective sense of sexual pleasure. The physiological sign in males is
penile tumescence (erection) and vasocongestion to female leads to vaginal lubrication and
nipple erection.

The plateau phase is a brief period of time before the orgasm. It is the body’s preparation
for orgasm.

The orgasm phase is an intense, highly pleasurable experience. When this phase is reached,
rhythmic muscular contractions occur in the genitals. In male, the contractions expel semen,
a fluid containing sperm, a process called ejaculation. For women and men, breathing and
heart rates reach maximum.

Last stage of sexual arousal, the resolution stage where the decrease of arousal (particularly
in male) happens. Genitals resume their unaroused state and shape; blood pressure,
breathing and heart rate return to normal.
UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON
 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Homosexuality and Bisexuality Homosexualsisa romantic and/or
DIVERSITY OF SEXUALsexualBEHAVIOR
attraction between members of same sex.Bisexuals are
person who can be romantically or sexually attracted to same sex
Sexual behavior and the other
transcends in sex. Someforms.
different male homosexuals prefer thebyterm
It may be influenced not Gay
only the basic
andofsome
physiological aspect female
sexuality buthomosexual prefer
also by different the term Lesbian.
expectations, Gays
attitudes, and and state of
beliefs
Lesbianknowledge.
medical and biological as preference
It madefor sexual
a terminology
behavior refer
take anot
moreonlydiverse
to their
forms such as
sexual preference
heterosexuality, homosexuality, but also
bisexuality astransexuality.
and Gender preference. These by which
refer to a broader array of attitudes and lifestyle of the individual
Heterosexuality Isthan the sexuality
a sexual itself.
attraction and behavior directed to other sex. More than male-female
intercourse, it involves kissing, petting, caressing, massaging and other form of sexual activities.
Transsexuality These are people who believed they were born with
the body of the other gender. Men transsexuals believe that they
are men in a women’s body and women transsexuals believe that
they are women in a men’s body. Transsexuals sometimes seek sex
exchange operations, which undergo several steps such as intensive
sexual counseling, hormone injections, living as member of desired
sex for several years, surgery.

Transgenderism These are people who view themselves as a third

gender, they are transvestites (who wears clothes of the other
gender) or those who believed that traditional male-female
classifications inadequately characterized them.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

Sexual behavior transcends in different forms. It may be influenced by not only the basic
physiological aspect of sexuality but also by different expectations, attitudes, beliefs and state of
medical and biological knowledge. It made sexual behavior take a more diverse forms such as
heterosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality and transexuality.

Heterosexuality Is a sexual attraction and behavior directed to other sex. More than male-female
intercourse, it involves kissing, petting, caressing, massaging and other form of sexual activities.

Homosexuality and Bisexuality Homosexuals Is a romantic and/or sexual attraction between

members of same sex. Bisexuals are person who can be romantically or sexually attracted to
same sex and the other sex. Some male homosexuals prefer the term Gay and some female
homosexual prefer the term Lesbian. Gays and Lesbian as preference for a terminology refer not
only to their sexual preference but also as Gender preference. These by which refer to a broader
array of attitudes and lifestyle of the individual than the sexuality itself.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

Transsexuality These are people who believed they were born with the body of the other gender. Men
transsexuals believe that they are men in a women’s body and women transsexuals believe that they are
women in a men’s body. Transsexuals sometimes seek sex exchange operations, which undergo several
steps such as intensive sexual counseling, hormone injections, living as member of desired sex for several
years, surgery.

Transgenderism These are people who view themselves as a third gender, they are transvestites (who
wears clothes of the other gender) or those who believed that traditional male-female classifications
inadequately characterized them.

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION

As overpopulation and countless cases of Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) such as gonorrhea,
syphilis etc., along with the threat of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the government
educates people the importance of Contraception.

There are two kinds of contraception; the Natural Contraception and the Artificial Contraception.

Natural Contraception are type of birth control that depend with observations on woman’s body
through monitoring and recording different fertility signals during her menstrual cycle. Through there
different methods one may predict when it is safe or when a woman will more likely to get pregnant.
These may be in a form of abstinence, calendar method, basal body temperature method, cervical
mucus method, symtothermal method, ovulation detection, lactation amenorrhea method and coitus
interruptus.

Artificial Method is diverse method of contraception using to prevent conception of a woman. There
are different types of artificial contraception but not all types are appropriate for all situation. Using
artificial contraception depends on the individual’s health status, age, sexual activity and/or number of
partners. These are oral contraception, transdermal patch, vaginal ring, subdermal implants, hormonal
injection, Intrauterine device (IUD), chemical barriers, diaphragm, cervical cap, male and female
condoms, surgical methods (vasectomy and tubal ligation).
UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON
 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON

 NORTHERN ZAMBALES COLLEGE INC.
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF JADE LEE T. BUTLER-DE LEON