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Xypex Catalogue
Xypex Catalogue
by Crystallization™
CONCRETE WATERPROOFING BY CRYSTALLIZATION ™
Copyright © 2010, 2012, 2013, 2017 Xypex Chemical Corporation. All rights reserved.
All content in this manual, including but not limited to text, graphics, images, and compilation
of information, is the property of Xypex Chemical Corporation or its content suppliers, and is
protected by United States, Canadian and international copyright laws.
The specifications and information regarding the products in this manual are subject to change
without notice.
Our Company.................................................................................. 1
Crystalline Technology.................................................................... 2
The Products................................................................................... 3
Being Green.................................................................................... 4
Our Company
Xypex Chemical Corporation is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of
products for the waterproofing, protection and repair of concrete structures.
The Xypex family of products evolved around varied applications of this unique
technology and its ability to solve problems in situations where traditional
barrier systems are weak or ineffective.
1
OVERVIEW
Crystalline Technology
It has been over 50 years since Xypex Chemical Corporation first coined the
phrase “Concrete Waterproofing by Crystallization”, a statement and concept
that represented a radical departure from traditional surface-reliant barrier
products of the day.
With water as the catalyst, Xypex’s proprietary chemicals react with the
natural by-products of cement hydration, forming a non-soluble crystalline
structure within the inter-connected pores and other voids in the concrete.
2
OVERVIEW
The Products
The Xypex product line has earned a solid reputation in the world of concrete
waterproofing, protection and repair. Varying construction practices, divergent
global environments, and specific customer requirements are all challenges
that have helped shape and design a product selection whose scope,
versatility and proven performance is recognized by architects, engineers
and contractors worldwide.
3
OVERVIEW
Being Green
Xypex is committed to the challenge of making an important contribution
to reducing negative impacts on our climate and natural environment.
Green buildings help to protect valuable natural resources and improve
our general quality of life.
Having a global presence for over half a century has provided us with an
understanding of environmental standards and expectations, and we are
proud of our position and contribution. We continue to support LEED and
other green building rating systems that reinforce product quality, corporate
responsibility and today’s environmental concerns.
4
PRODUCTS
Product Overview • Technial Data Sheets • Method Statements • Estimating Table & Application Tools • FAQ
1.1
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Section Page
Coating System
Concentrate..................................................................................... 1
Modified........................................................................................... 1
Additive Series
Admix C-500/C-500 NF................................................................... 2
Admix C-1000/C-1000 NF............................................................... 2
Admix C-2000/C-2000 NF............................................................... 2
Admix C-500 NF Red...................................................................... 2
Admix C-1000 Red.......................................................................... 2
Bio-San C500.................................................................................. 2
Coating Products
Xypex Coating products, for surface application, are part of
the Xypex concrete waterproofing and protection system and
represent one of three different ways to install Xypex Crystalline
Technology into concrete.
Concentrate
Xypex Concentrate is applied as a cementitious slurry to the surface of exist-
ing above or below-grade structures to waterproof and protect the concrete
against high hydrostatic pressure and aggressive environments.
Packaging
Pails: 20 lb. (9.1 kg) and 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
Bags: 50 lb. (22.7 kg)
Modified
Xypex Modified can be applied as a second coat to chemically reinforce Con-
centrate, or as a single coat for the damp-proofing of exterior foundation walls.
Packaging
Pails: 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
Bags: 50 lb. (22.7 kg)
1
1.1
ADDITIVE SERIES
Additive Products
Xypex Additive products, added to the concrete at time of
batching, are part of the Xypex concrete waterproofing and
protection system and represent one of three different ways
to install Xypex Crystalline Technology into concrete.
Packaging
The Admixes are supplied in a variety of types of packages to satisfy
customer or project requirements. Admix C-500/C-500 NF and Admix
C-1000/C-1000 NF are available in various conveniently sized soluble
bags to meet specific batching requirements; they enhance quality control,
eliminate dust during handling and the cartons are recyclable.
Bio-San C500
Xypex Bio-San C500 is a uniquely designed admixture for integral, long-term
protection of concrete in harsh sewage conditions with high levels of H2S that
cause microbial induced corrosion. Bio-San C500 combines potent antimicrobial
protection along with the unique crystalline technology of the Xypex Admix
C-Series. Bio-San contains bio-active mineral solids that become permanently
fixed within the cement matrix impairing bio-film formation thus inhibiting the growth
of acid causing sewer bacteria such as Thiobacillus due to high concentrations
of H2S. The unique Xypex Crystalline Technology creates a permanent structure
throughout the pores and capillary tracts providing waterproofing and enhanced
chemical protection including acid and sulphate resistance. Bio-San C500
prevents microbial induced corrosion, stops infiltration/exfiltration of water, and
provides acid and sulphate resistance, significantly extends the service life of
concrete sewage collection systems and waste water infrastructure.
2
1.1
DRY SHAKE SERIES
Concentrate DS-1
Xypex DS-1 is a special dry shake formulation of Xypex Concentrate and is
designed specifically for horizontal concrete surfaces such as parking decks
and floor slabs. DS-1 is trowelled into fresh concrete prior to finishing.
Packaging
Pails: 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
Concentrate DS-2
Xypex DS-2, like DS-1, is also designed for horizontal concrete surfaces but
is used where, in addition to waterproofing, greater resistance to abrasion is
required.
Packaging
Pails: 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
3
1.1
REPAIR & ACCESSORIES
Patch’n Plug
Xypex Patch’n Plug is formulated as a crystalline, fast-setting hydraulic cement
compound for concrete patching and repair. It stops flowing water in seconds
and is used to seal cracks, fill tie-holes and other defects in concrete.
• fast-setting, non-shrinking
• high bond strength
Packaging
Pails: 20 lb. (9.1 kg), 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
• superior bonding
• chemical durability
• high strength
Packaging
Megamix I: 60 lb. (27.2 kg) pails
Megamix II: 55 lb. (25 kg) bags
Megamix II with Bio-San: 55 lb. (25 kg) bags
4
1.1
REPAIR & ACCESSORIES
Packaging
Pails: 55 lb. (25 kg)
FCM 80
Xypex FCM is designed for repairing cracks subject to movement, sealing
construction joints, restoring deteriorated concrete and waterproofing concrete
structures. FCM is a two component product consisting of a liquid polymer dis-
persion and a cementitious powder.
Packaging
FCM 80 is available in a carton as a unit (kit), which includes:
1.06 gal. (4 litre) bottle, 22 lb. (10 kg) pail
Gamma Cure
Xypex Gamma Cure is a curing agent designed specifically for Xypex crystal-
line waterproofing products. Gamma Cure acts as an evaporation retardant
by retaining the maximum amount of moisture in the Xypex coating. It also
provides a catalyst for the reaction with the Xypex crystalline waterproofing
treatment.
Packaging
Bottles: 1 U.S. gal. (3.79 litres)
Pails: 5 U.S. gal. (18.95 litres)
5
1.1
REPAIR & ACCESSORIES
Xycrylic Admix
Xycrylic Admix is a water-based polymer dispersion designed for fortifying
Portland cement compositions. The liquid is milky-white in colour and has a
high solids content. Can be used with Xypex Patch’n Plug and Megamix I to
increase bond strength.
Packaging
Bottles: 1 U.S. gal. (3.79 litres)
Pails: 5 U.S. gal. (18.95 litres)
Xypex Quickset
Xypex Quickset is a water-soluble liquid blend of silicates, neutralizers and
penetrating agents specially compounded to harden, dustproof and seal the
surfaces of fresh or newly cured concrete floors.
Packaging
Bottles: 1 U.S. gal. (3.79 litres)
Pails: 5 U.S. gal. (18.95 litres)
6
1.2
TITLE
TECHNICAL DATA SHEETS
Section Page
Concentrate.......................................................................................1
Modified..............................................................................................5
Bio-San C500................................................................................ 29
Concentrate DS-1........................................................................ 33
Concentrate DS-2........................................................................ 37
Patch’n Plug................................................................................... 41
Megamix I........................................................................................ 43
Megamix II...................................................................................... 45
Restora-Top 100........................................................................... 55
Restora-Top 200........................................................................... 57
FCM 80..............................................................................................59
Gamma Cure.................................................................................. 61
Xycrylic Admix................................................................................63
Quickset........................................................................................... 65
CONCENTRATE 1.2
071616 Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Packaging
Xypex is a unique chemical treatment for the waterproof- Xypex Concentrate is available in 20 lb. (9.1 kg) pails, 60
ing, protection and repair of concrete. XYPEX CONCEN- lb. (27.2 kg) pails and 50 lb. (22.7 kg) bags.
TRATE consists of Portland cement, finely graded sand
and active proprietary chemicals; it is applied as a ce- Storage
mentitious slurry to the pre-saturated surface of existing Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
above and below-grade structures. The active chemicals perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
diffuse into the substrate and react with moisture and under proper conditions.
the constituents of hardened concrete to cause a cata-
lytic reaction. This reaction generates a non-soluble crys- Coverage
talline formation throughout the pores and capillary tracts For normal surface conditions, the coverage rate for each
of the concrete, as well as cracks, permanently sealing Xypex coat is 6 to 7.2 sq. ft./lb. (1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. or
the concrete and preventing the penetration of water 0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
and other liquids from any direction, even under high
hydrostatic pressure. Xypex Concentrate is also mixed Test Data
in a Dry-Pac form for sealing strips at construction joints,
PERMEABILITY
or for the repairing of leaking cracks, faulty construction
joints and other defects. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) CRD C48,
“Permeability of Concrete”, Pacific Testing Labs,
Seattle, USA
Recommended for: Two in. (51 mm) thick, 2000 psi (13.8 MPa) Xypex-treated
• Reservoirs concrete samples were pressure tested up to a 405 ft.
• Sewage and Water Treatment Plants (124 m) water head (175 psi/1.2 MPa), the limit of the
• Underground Vaults testing apparatus. While untreated samples showed
• Secondary Containment Structures marked leakage, the Xypex-treated samples (as a result
• Foundations of the crystallization process) became totally sealed and
• Tunnels and Subway Systems exhibited no measurable leakage.
• Swimming Pools
• Parking Structures DIN 1048 (equivalent to EN 12390-8),
“Water Impermeability of Concrete”, Bautest –
Advantages Corporation for Research & Testing of Building
Materials, Augsburg, Germany
• Resists extreme hydrostatic pressure
Twenty cm thick Xypex-treated concrete samples were
• Becomes an integral part of the substrate
pressure tested up to 7 bars (230 ft./70 m water head)
• Can seal static hairline cracks up to 0.4 mm
for 24 hours to determine water impermeability. While
• Can be applied to the positive or the negative side
the reference specimens measured water penetration up
of the concrete surface
to a depth of 92 mm, Xypex-treated samples measured
• Allows concrete to breathe
water penetration of zero to an average of 4 mm.
• Highly resistant to aggressive chemicals
• Non-toxic / no VOCs EN 12390-8, “Depth of Water Penetration on
• Does not require a dry surface Samples Treated with Concentrate Coating”, OL-123,
• Cannot puncture, tear or come apart at the seams Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
• No costly surface priming or leveling prior to application Three replicate 150 mm concrete cubes from four different
• Does not require sealing, lapping and finishing of mix designs (strength classes) were coated with Xypex
seams at corners, edges or between membranes Concentrate at a thickness of 0.8 mm to 1 mm. Controls
• Does not require protection during backfilling or during for each of the different mix designs were also cast for
placement of steel, wire mesh or other materials comparison purposes. All samples were exposed to 0.5
• Less costly to apply than most other methods MPa (73 psi) of water pressure for 72 hours from the
• Not subject to deterioration opposite side of the treated surface. Specimens from each
• Permanent set were split transversely from the treated surface at 28
• Available in white for enhanced illumination and 91 days to measure depth of water penetration from
the exposed surface. After 28 days, the Xypex coating
1
reduced the depth of water penetration by 90 to 94% com- in the cracks to a depth of about 20 mm. Photographs
pared to the control mixes for the four mix types. At 91 taken this depth at 100x magnification showed the Xypex
days all Xypex-treated samples measured <1 mm of water crystalline structure had reduced the width of the cracks
penetration. dramatically.
2
RILEM CPC-18 “Carbonation Resistance of es (37 mm) and a width of 1 inch (25 mm). A “V” shaped
Samples Treated with a Xypex Concentrate Coating”, slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of
Construction and Maintenance Technology Research chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise
Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn International Institute shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock of ma-
of Technology (SIIT) – Thammasat University,
terials placed into the slot at a later stage. Clean and wet
Bangkok, Thailand
the slot and apply a brush coat of Xypex Concentrate as
Control and Xypex Concentrate coated samples were
described in steps 5 & 6 and allow to dry for 10 minutes.
carbonated in an accelerated carbonation chamber. The
Fill cavity by tightly compressing Dry-Pac into the groove
average depths of carbonation were measured at 28, 56,
with pneumatic packing tool or with hammer and wood
77 and 91 days. The depth of carbonation of these Xypex
block.
Concentrate coated samples was reduced by 35 - 40%
compared to the controls. Following initial carbonation, Note:
one set of samples was coated with Xypex Concentrate i. Areas of poor concrete consolidation that show evidence
to model old concrete already damaged by carbonation. of leakage should also be repaired.
For these specimens, testing indicated that carbonation
was arrested and in one specimen reduced. ii. Against a direct flow of water (leakage) or where there
is excess moisture due to seepage, use Xypex Patch’n
FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY Plug, then Xypex Dry-Pac followed by a brush coat of
ASTM C 672, “Standard Test Method for Scaling Xypex Concentrate.
Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to
De-Icing Chemicals”, Twin City Testing Lab, iii. For expansion joints or chronic moving cracks, flex-
St. Paul, USA ible materials such as expansion joint sealants should
Xypex-treated samples restricted chloride ion concen- be used.
tration to below the level necessary to promote electro-
lytic corrosion of reinforcing steel. Visual examination of 3. WETTING CONCRETE Xypex requires a saturated
untreated panels after 50 freeze/thaw cycles showed a surface dry (SSD) condition. Concrete surfaces must be
marked increase in surface deterioration compared to thoroughly saturated with clean water prior to the applica-
Xypex-treated samples. tion so as to aid the diffusion of the Xypex chemistry and
to ensure growth of the crystalline formation deep within
POTABLE WATER EXPOSURE the pores of the concrete. Remove excess water before
NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Component-Health the application such that there is no glistening water on
Effects”, NSF International, Ann Arbor, USA the surface. If concrete dries out before application, it must
Exposure testing of potable water in contact with Xypex- be re-wetted.
treated samples indicated no harmful effects.
4. MIXING FOR SLURRY COAT Mix Xypex powder
RADIATION RESISTANCE with clean water to a creamy consistency in the following
proportions:
U.S.A. Standard No. N69, “Protective Coatings
for the Nuclear Industry”, Pacific Testing Labs,
For Brush Application
Seattle, USA
After exposure to 5.76 x 104 rads of gamma radiation, the 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq. yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2)
Xypex treated specimens displayed no ill effects. 5 parts powder to 2 parts water
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
4 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1975-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
MODIFIED 1.2
071616 Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Packaging
Xypex is a unique chemical treatment for the waterproof- Xypex Modified is available in 60 lb. (27.2 kg) pails and
ing, protection and repair of concrete. XYPEX MODIFIED 50 lb. (22.7 kg) bags.
can be applied as a second coat to reinforce Xypex
Concentrate, or applied by itself to damp-proof the ex- Storage
terior of foundation walls. Applied as a second coat, Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
Xypex Modified chemically reinforces Xypex Concentrate perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
where two coats are required and produces a harder under proper conditions.
finish. Where damp-proofing is required, a single coat
of Modified may be used as an alternative to a spray / Coverage
tar emulsion. Xypex prevents the penetration of water For normal surface conditions, the coverage rate for each
and other liquids from any direction by causing a catalytic coat is 6 - 7.2 sq. ft. per lb. (1.25 - 1.5 lb. per sq. yd. or
reaction that produces a non-soluble crystalline forma- 0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
tion within the pores and capillary tracts of concrete and
cement-based materials. Test Data
When used in conjunction with Xypex Concentrate:
Recommended for:
Xypex Modified is recommended as a single coat for the PERMEABILITY
damp-proofing of foundations or as a second coat with U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) CRD C48,
Xypex Concentrate for the following applications: “Permeability of Concrete”, Pacific Testing Labs,
Seattle, USA
• Reservoirs Two in. (51 mm) thick, 2000 psi (13.8 MPa) Xypex-treated
• Sewage and Water Treatment Plants concrete samples were pressure tested up to a 405 ft.
• Secondary Containment Structures (124 m) water head (175 psi/1.2 MPa), the limit of the test-
• Tunnels and Subway Systems ing apparatus. While untreated samples showed marked
• Underground Vaults leakage, the Xypex-treated samples (as a result of the
• Foundations crystallization process) became totally sealed and exhib-
• Parking Structures ited no measurable leakage.
• Swimming Pools
DIN 1048 (equivalent to EN 12390-8),
Advantages “Water Impermeability of Concrete”, Bautest –
• Resists extreme hydrostatic pressure Corporation for Research & Testing of Building
Materials, Augsburg, Germany
• Becomes an integral part of the substrate
Twenty cm thick Xypex-treated concrete samples were
• Can seal static hairline cracks up to 0.4 mm
pressure tested up to 7 bars (230 ft./70 m water head)
• Can be applied to the positive or the negative side
for 24 hours to determine water impermeability. While
of the concrete surface
the reference specimens measured water penetration up
• Allows concrete to breathe
to a depth of 92 mm, Xypex-treated samples measured
• Highly resistant to aggressive chemicals
water penetration of zero to an average of 4 mm.
• Non-toxic / no VOCs
• Does not require a dry surface EN 12390-8, “Depth of Water Penetration on
• Cannot puncture, tear or come apart at the seams Samples Treated with Concentrate Coating”, OL-123,
• No costly surface priming or leveling prior to application Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
• Does not require sealing, lapping and finishing of Three replicate 150 mm concrete cubes from four dif-
seams at corners, edges or between membranes ferent mix designs (strength classes) were coated with
• Does not require protection during backfilling or during Xypex Concentrate at a thickness of 0.8 mm to 1 mm.
placement of steel, wire mesh or other materials Controls for each of the different mix designs were also
• Less costly to apply than most other methods cast for comparison purposes. All samples were exposed
• Not subject to deterioration to 0.5 MPa (73 psi) of water pressure for 72 hours from
• Permanent the opposite side of the treated surface. Specimens
• Available in white for enhanced illumination from each set were split transversely from the treated
surface at 28 and 91 days to measure depth of water
5
penetration from the exposed surface. After 28 days, the there was evidence of the Xypex crystalline structure
Xypex coating reduced the depth of water penetration in the cracks to a depth of about 20 mm. Photographs
by 90 to 94% compared to the control mixes for the four taken this depth at 100x magnification showed the Xypex
mix types. At 91 days all Xypex-treated samples mea- crystalline structure had reduced the width of the cracks
sured <1 mm of water penetration. dramatically.
6
RILEM CPC-18 “Carbonation Resistance of joints and other structural defects to a depth of 1.5 inches
Samples Treated with a Xypex Concentrate Coating”, (37 mm) and a width of 1 inch (25 mm). A “V” shaped
Construction and Maintenance Technology Research slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of
Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn International Institute chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise
of Technology (SIIT) – Thammasat University,
shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock of
Bangkok, Thailand
materials placed into the slot at a later stage. Clean and
Control and Xypex Concentrate coated samples were
wet the slot and apply a brush coat of Xypex Concentrate
carbonated in an accelerated carbonation chamber. The
as described in steps 5 & 6 and allow to dry for 10 min-
average depths of carbonation were measured at 28, 56,
utes. Fill cavity by tightly compressing Dry-Pac into the
77 and 91 days. The depth of carbonation of these Xypex
groove with pneumatic packing tool or with hammer and
Concentrate coated samples was reduced by 35 - 40%
wood block.
compared to the controls. Following initial carbonation,
one set of samples was coated with Xypex Concentrate Note:
to model old concrete already damaged by carbonation. i. Areas of poor concrete consolidation that show evi-
For these specimens, testing indicated that carbonation dence of leakage should also be repaired.
was arrested and in one specimen reduced.
ii. Against a direct flow of water (leakage) or where there
FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY is excess moisture due to seepage, use Xypex Patch’n
ASTM C 672, “Standard Test Method for Scaling Plug, then Xypex Dry-Pac followed by a brush coat of
Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to Xypex Concentrate.
De-Icing Chemicals”, Twin City Testing Lab,
St. Paul, USA iii. For expansion joints or chronic moving cracks, flexible
Xypex-treated samples restricted chloride ion concen- materials such as expansion joint sealants should be
tration to below the level necessary to promote electro- used.
lytic corrosion of reinforcing steel. Visual examination of
untreated panels after 50 freeze/thaw cycles showed a 3. WETTING CONCRETE Xypex requires a saturated
marked increase in surface deterioration compared to surface dry (SDS) condition. Concrete surfaces must be
Xypex-treated samples. thoroughly saturated with clean water prior to the appli-
cation so as to aid the diffusion of the Xypex chemistry
POTABLE WATER EXPOSURE and to ensure growth of the crystalline formation deep
NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Component-Health within the pores of the concrete. Remove excess water
Effects”, NSF International, Ann Arbor, USA before the application such that there is no glistening
Exposure testing of potable water in contact with Xypex- water on the surface. If concrete dries out before applica-
treated samples indicated no harmful effects. tion, it must be re-wetted.
RADIATION RESISTANCE 4. MIXING FOR SLURRY COAT Mix Xypex powder with
clean water to a creamy consistency in the following
U.S.A. Standard No. N69, “Protective Coatings
for the Nuclear Industry”, Pacific Testing Labs, proportions:
Seattle, USA
For Brush Application
After exposure to 5.76 x 104 rads of gamma radiation, the
1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq. yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2)
Xypex treated specimens displayed no ill effects.
5 parts powder to 2 parts water
Application Procedures 2.0 lb./sq. yd. (1.0 kg/m2)
1. SURFACE PREPARATION Concrete surfaces to be 3 parts powder to 1 part water
treated must be clean and free of laitance, dirt, film, paint,
coating or other foreign matter. Surfaces must also have For Spray Application
an open capillary system to provide “tooth and suction” 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq. yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2)
for the Xypex treatment. A CSP-3 per the International 5 parts powder to 3 parts water
Concrete Repair Institute Guidelines and Surface Pro- (ratio may vary with equipment type)
file Chips is recommended. If surface is too smooth (e.g.
where steel forms are used) or covered with excess form Do not mix more Xypex material than can be applied in
oil or other foreign matter, the concrete should be lightly 20 minutes. As the mixture thickens, stir briefly to ensure
sandblasted, waterblasted, or etched with muriatic (HCL) mixture remains fluid; but do not add water.
acid.
Mixing Dry-Pac
2. STRUCTURAL REPAIRS – PRIOR TO COATING Using a trowel, mix 6 parts Xypex Concentrate
APPLICATION For cracks larger than 1/64” (0.4 mm) or powder by volume to 1 part clean water for
for actively leaking cracks the following repair procedures 10 to 15 seconds. Lumps should be present in this
are recommended. Chip out cracks, faulty construction mixture. Do not mix more than can be applied in
20 minutes.
7
5. APPLYING XYPEX Apply Xypex with a semi-stiff nylon ucts with plasters, stuccos, tiles and other surface-applied
bristle brush, push broom (for large horizontal surfaces) materials. Prior to the installation, it is recommended that
or specialized spray equipment. The coating must be a test section be completed under anticipated ambient
uniformly applied and should be just under 1/16 in. (1.25 and project conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
mm). When a second coat (Xypex Concentrate or Xypex
Modified) is required, it should be applied after the first Technical Services
coat has reached an initial set but while it is still “green” For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
(less than 48 hours). Curing by misting the coating with or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
water should be done between coats. Ensure first coat is treatment with other products or technologies, contact
in SSD condition before application of the second coat. the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
The Xypex treatment must not be applied under rainy cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
conditions or when ambient temperature is below 40ºF Representative.
(4ºC). Avoid application of the Xypex coating in hot and
windy conditions as the coating may dry out prematurely. Certification
For recommended equipment, contact Xypex’s Techni- Xypex Modified satisfies the requirements of EN 1504-
cal Services Department or your local Xypex Technical 3; Initial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN 1504-3 was
Services Representative. certified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
6. CURING Generally a misty fog spray of clean water is
Safe Handling Information
used for curing the Xypex treatment. Curing should begin
as soon as the Xypex has set to the point where it will Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
not be damaged by a fine spray of water. Under normal Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
conditions, it is sufficient to spray Xypex-treated surfaces Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
three times per day for two to three days. In hot or arid on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
climates, spraying may be required more frequently. Wet maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
burlap and some specialty curing blankets are also effec- Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
tive for curing. During the curing period, the coating must and safety information for the protection of workers and
be protected from rainfall, frost, wind, the puddling of customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
water and temperatures below 36ºF (2ºC) for a period of Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
not less than 48 hours after application. If plastic sheet- cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
ing is used as protection, it must be raised off the Xypex Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
to allow the coating to breathe. Xypex Gamma Cure may
be used in lieu of water curing for certain applications, Warranty
consult with Xypex’s Technical Services Department or The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
your local Xypex Technical Services Representative. tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
Note: products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
i. For concrete structures that hold liquids (e.g. reservoirs, facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
swimming pools, tanks, etc.), Xypex should be cured for ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
three days and allowed to set for 12 days (18 days for merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
waste water or corrosive solutions) before filling the struc- this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
ture with liquid. or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
ii. For Xypex coated slabs that will be a wearing surface, liability in connection therewith.
an application of Xypex Quickset after the coating has
been cured and dried is recommended. Contact your local
Xypex Technical Services Representative for assistance.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
8 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1975-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
ADMIX C-500/C-500 NF 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
9
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48, mens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulphate
“Permeability of Concrete”, Setsco Services, solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples
Pte Ltd., Singapore were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The
Six Xypex Admix-treated and six untreated concrete Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between 5
samples were tested for water permeability. Pressure and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while
was gradually increased over five days and then main- the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
tained at 7 bars (224 ft. / 68.3 m water head) for 10 days. loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
While the six reference samples showed water leakage
beginning on the fifth day and increasing throughout the HB 84-2006 “Durability Assessment of Reinforced
test period, the Xypex Admix samples showed no water Concrete Structure Containing Xypex Admix
leakage at any time during the test. Exposed to 19 Years of Severe Marine Environment”,
Sharp and Howells Pty. Ltd., Chemical Laboratories,
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability Victoria, Australia
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction Lascelles Wharf serves as a bulk chemical and grain
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, dock. In 1995, as part of an extensive maintenance pro-
Sydney, Australia gram and to protect new precast concrete panels from
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a dos- the extremely harsh and aggressive marine environment,
age rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water per- the concrete was dosed with Xypex Admix C-2000 NF at
meability against control samples. All the samples were 1%. Recently tests were conducted to predict “initiation
subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters / 328 ft. time to corrosion”. Extracted cores were tested for chloride
water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability coefficients content at incremental depths into the concrete. Chloride
were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated concrete content profiles, concrete cover, surface chloride content,
showed significant reduction in water permeability by up and chloride corrosion threshold were used in a model
to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. based on Fick’s 2nd law to predict the residual service life
of this structure. The average initiation time to corrosion
STN EN 12390-8 “Testing of Hardened Concrete;
was estimated at 164 years; whereas, the structure had
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”,
Technical and Testing Construction Institute, been designed for 50 years of service life.
Bratislava, Slovakia
NT BUILD 443, “Chloride Diffusion by NordTest with
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 2% 16.5% NaCl Solution of 40 MPa Concrete Containing
and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control cubes. Admix C-1000 NF”, Australia Centre for Construction
A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 hrs Innovation, University of New South Wales,
and specimens were subsequently split transversely to Sydney, Australia
measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for The NordTest NT BUILD 443 is a standard accelerated
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- method for evaluation of the chloride diffusion coefficient
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 of concrete. In this test program, concrete mixes with 25%
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water fly ash, 38% slag, and 60% slag were cast (total cementi-
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated tious content = 435 kg, 0.4 w/c). Xypex Admix C-1000
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to the NF at 0.8% and 1.2% by weight of cementitious mate-
control concrete. rials were compared to control mixes (for each cement
system). All specimens were immersed in a 16.5% NaCl
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH solution for 35 days. Chloride diffusion coefficient was
ASTM C 39, “Compressive Strength of Cylindrical calculated based on the chloride profile, utilizing Fick’s
Concrete Specimens”, Kleinfelder Laboratories, 2nd law. Admix treated fly ash concrete showed 25%
San Francisco, USA reduced chloride diffusion coefficient for both 0.8% and
At 28 days, the compressive strength test of the concrete 1.2% addition. The Admix treated 38% slag concrete re-
containing Xypex Admix measured 7160 psi / 49.5 MPa corded a 67% lower chloride diffusion coefficient at 0.8%
as compared to the reference sample at 6460 psi / 44.5 addition and 75% lower at 1.2% addition. The reduction
MPa (a 10% increase). of chloride diffusion coefficient was 42% and 53% for
high slag mixes for 0.8% and 1.2% addition respectively.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
CSN 73 1326 “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to “Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix Corporation, Houston, USA
C-1000/Admix C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
Materials Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1% treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were cast immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
along with non-treated concrete specimens. The speci- for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
10
or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent- SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
tested significantly lower than the control samples. Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Concrete
Mortars”, Australian Centre for Construction
“Acid Resistance of Mortar Containing Xypex Innovation, University of New South Wales,
Admix C-1000 NF”, Construction and Maintenance Sydney, Australia
Technology Research Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn
Slag and fly ash blended cement samples were treated
International Institute of Technology (SIIT) -
with Xypex Admix and examined for evidence of crystal-
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
line growth at ages ranging from 8 months to 2 years.
An acid testing regime was part of an extensive program
to determine the benefit of the Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Samples were sliced and/or split and examined at mag-
nifications between 500x and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex
dosed at 1% to improve the durability of concrete. Sev-
crystalline growth was observable on all Xypex treated
eral comparative mixes were utilized in this evaluation,
samples, providing evidence of Xypex crystalline reac-
including: a plain Portland cement and a 30% fly ash mix.
tions with fly ash and slag blended cements.
Cured samples were exposed to 5% H2SO4; the pH val-
ue of this acid solution was 0.25 and never greater than FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
0.54 pH. In this extremely acidic, corrosive environment,
at 12 weeks the Admix samples reduced the weight loss ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
by 48% compared to controls of the cement-only mortar,
After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
and 53% in the fly ash specimens.
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
CRACK SEALING
POTABLE WATER EXPOSURE
ASTM C1585 and ASTM C1202 “Evaluation of
Self-healing Capability of Self-compacting Concrete NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Component-Health
Made with Blast-furnace Slag Cements Activated by Effects”, NSF International, Ann Arbor, USA
the Xypex Crystalline Catalyst”, Instituto Tecnologico Exposure testing of potable water in contact with Xypex-
de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil treated samples indicated no harmful effects.
Portland, blast furnace slag and slag-modified Portland
concrete samples, treated with 2.5% Admix C-500, were Directions for Use
evaluated for self-healing capabilities. Microcracks were Xypex Admix C-500/C-500 NF is added to the concrete
induced by loading to 90% of ultimate compressive at the time of batching. It is important to obtain a homo-
strength. Cracked samples were then immersed in water geneous mixture of Xypex Admix with the concrete. Do
to trigger self-healing after 28, 56 and 84 days. Strength not add dry Admix powder directly to wet mixed concrete
and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to deter- as this could cause clumping and thorough dispersion
mine mechanical recovery; sorptivity and rapid chlo- may not occur. The sequence of procedures for addition
ride permeability were used to evaluate watertightness will vary according to the type of batch plant operation
recovery. Results substantiated the ability of Xypex Admix and equipment. The following methods have been used
to provide self-healing of cracked concrete. successfully in the past and it is recommended that the
local Xypex Technical Services Representative be con-
“Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing sulted about the best method to use.
Capabilities” , CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd.,
Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos 1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add
Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing was Xypex Admix in bulk powder form, soluble bags or repulp-
undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex Admix able bags directly to the coarse aggregate conveyor belt
to self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three large con- manually or through computer controlled mass batching
crete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at 0.8% were system. Account for worker health and safety issues with
cast along with three control slabs. Following curing, a moving belts and wind-blown dust issues.
force was applied at the mid-point of each slab to cre-
ate cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. Water 2. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Admix in
was ponded above the cracked area. Initially all cracks bulk powder form, soluble bags or repulpable bags to the
leaked; at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the cracks drum of the ready-mix truck immediately prior to driving
of the Xypex treated panels, while leaking continued the truck under the batch plant and adding the balance
through the cracks of the control slab until the end of of the materials or the premixed concrete in accordance
the test period (25 days). SEM photographs showed sig- with standard concrete batching practices. Measures to
nificant crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the ensure soluble bags or repulpable bags are dispersed
Admix treated slab. include adding the bags as far forward in the drum as
possible, adding a small amount of batch water with the
bags, and spinning the drum prior to adding remaining in-
11
gredients. Avoid delays in adding other components and Technical Services
utilize high speed mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix.
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
Additional high speed mixing time may be required when
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
using repulpable bags. Where there may be insufficient
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
water for thorough dispersion of the bulk powder, a water
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
slurry can be made with the Admix and added to the truck
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
mixer drum prior to batching. Account for added water in
Representative.
the mix design and slump.
Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Admix, the temperature of the
concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC). 13
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
12 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1997-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
ADMIX C-1000/C-1000 NF 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
13
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48, mens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulphate
“Permeability of Concrete”, Setsco Services, solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples
Pte Ltd., Singapore were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The
Six Xypex Admix-treated and six untreated concrete Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between 5
samples were tested for water permeability. Pressure and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while
was gradually increased over five days and then main- the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
tained at 7 bars (224 ft. / 68.3 m water head) for 10 days. loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
While the six reference samples showed water leakage
beginning on the fifth day and increasing throughout the HB 84-2006 “Durability Assessment of Reinforced
test period, the Xypex Admix samples showed no water Concrete Structure Containing Xypex Admix
leakage at any time during the test. Exposed to 19 Years of Severe Marine Environment”,
Sharp and Howells Pty. Ltd., Chemical Laboratories,
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability Victoria, Australia
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction Lascelles Wharf serves as a bulk chemical and grain
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, dock. In 1995, as part of an extensive maintenance pro-
Sydney, Australia gram and to protect new precast concrete panels from
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a dos- the extremely harsh and aggressive marine environ-
age rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water per- ment, the concrete was dosed with Xypex Admix C-2000
meability against control samples. All the samples were NF at 1%. Recently tests were conducted to predict “ini-
subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters / 328 ft. tiation time to corrosion”. Extracted cores were tested for
water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability coefficients chloride content at incremental depths into the concrete.
were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated concrete Chloride content profiles, concrete cover, surface chlo-
showed significant reduction in water permeability by up ride content, and chloride corrosion threshold were used
to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. in a model based on Fick’s 2nd law to predict the residual
service life of this structure. The average initiation time
STN EN 12390-8 “Testing of Hardened Concrete;
to corrosion was estimated at 164 years; whereas, the
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”,
Technical and Testing Construction Institute, structure had been designed for 50 years of service life.
Bratislava, Slovakia
NT BUILD 443, “Chloride Diffusion by NordTest with
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 16.5% NaCl Solution of 40 MPa Concrete Containing
2% and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control Admix C-1000 NF”, Australia Centre for Construction
cubes. A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 Innovation, University of New South Wales,
hrs and specimens were subsequently split transversely Sydney, Australia
to measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for The NordTest NT BUILD 443 is a standard accelerated
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- method for evaluation of the chloride diffusion coefficient
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 of concrete. In this test program, concrete mixes with
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water 25% fly ash, 38% slag, and 60% slag were cast (total
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated cementitious content = 435 kg, 0.4 w/c). Xypex Admix
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to C-1000 NF at 0.8% and 1.2% by weight of cementitious
the control concrete. materials were compared to control mixes (for each ce-
ment system). All specimens were immersed in a 16.5%
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH NaCl solution for 35 days. Chloride diffusion coefficient
ASTM C 39, “Compressive Strength of Cylindrical was calculated based on the chloride profile, utilizing
Concrete Specimens”, Kleinfelder Laboratories, Fick’s 2nd law. Admix treated fly ash concrete showed
San Francisco, USA 25% reduced chloride diffusion coefficient for both 0.8%
At 28 days, the compressive strength test of the concrete and 1.2% addition. The Admix treated 38% slag concrete
containing Xypex Admix measured 7160 psi / 49.5 MPa recorded a 67% lower chloride diffusion coefficient at
as compared to the reference sample at 6460 psi / 44.5 0.8% addition and 75% lower at 1.2% addition. The reduc-
MPa (a 10% increase). tion of chloride diffusion coefficient was 42% and 53% for
high slag mixes for 0.8% and 1.2% addition respectively.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
CSN 73 1326 “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to “Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix Corporation, Houston, USA
C-1000/Admix C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
Materials Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1% treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were cast immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
along with non-treated concrete specimens. The speci- for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
14
or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent- SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
tested significantly lower than the control samples. Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Concrete
Mortars”, Australian Centre for Construction
“Acid Resistance of Mortar Containing Xypex Innovation, University of New South Wales,
Admix C-1000 NF”, Construction and Maintenance Sydney, Australia
Technology Research Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn
Slag and fly ash blended cement samples were treated
International Institute of Technology (SIIT) -
with Xypex Admix and examined for evidence of crystal-
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
line growth at ages ranging from 8 months to 2 years.
An acid testing regime was part of an extensive program
to determine the benefit of the Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Samples were sliced and/or split and examined at mag-
nifications between 500x and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex
dosed at 1% to improve the durability of concrete. Sev-
crystalline growth was observable on all Xypex treated
eral comparative mixes were utilized in this evaluation,
samples, providing evidence of Xypex crystalline reac-
including: a plain Portland cement and a 30% fly ash mix.
tions with fly ash and slag blended cements.
Cured samples were exposed to 5% H2SO4; the pH val-
ue of this acid solution was 0.25 and never greater than FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
0.54 pH. In this extremely acidic, corrosive environment,
at 12 weeks the Admix samples reduced the weight loss ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
by 48% compared to controls of the cement-only mortar,
After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
and 53% in the fly ash specimens.
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
CRACK SEALING
POTABLE WATER EXPOSURE
ASTM C1585 and ASTM C1202 “Evaluation of
Self-healing Capability of Self-compacting Concrete NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Component-Health
Made with Blast-furnace Slag Cements Activated by Effects”, NSF International, Ann Arbor, USA
the Xypex Crystalline Catalyst”, Instituto Tecnologico Exposure testing of potable water in contact with Xypex-
de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil treated samples indicated no harmful effects.
Portland, blast furnace slag and slag-modified Portland
concrete samples, treated with 2.5% Admix C-500, were Directions for Use
evaluated for self-healing capabilities. Microcracks were Xypex Admix C-1000/C-1000 NF is added to the concrete
induced by loading to 90% of ultimate compressive at the time of batching. It is important to obtain a homo-
strength. Cracked samples were then immersed in water geneous mixture of Xypex Admix with the concrete. Do
to trigger self-healing after 28, 56 and 84 days. Strength not add dry Admix powder directly to wet mixed concrete
and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to deter- as this could cause clumping and thorough dispersion
mine mechanical recovery; sorptivity and rapid chlo- may not occur. The sequence of procedures for addition
ride permeability were used to evaluate watertightness will vary according to the type of batch plant operation
recovery. Results substantiated the ability of Xypex Admix and equipment. The following methods have been used
to provide self-healing of cracked concrete. successfully in the past and it is recommended that the
local Xypex Technical Services Representative be con-
“Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing sulted about the best method to use.
Capabilities” , CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd.,
Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos 1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add
Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing Xypex Admix in bulk powder form, soluble bags or
was undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex repulpable bags directly to the coarse aggregate con-
Admix to self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three veyor belt manually or through computer controlled mass
large concrete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at batching system. Account for worker health and safety
0.8% were cast along with three control slabs. Following issues with moving belts and wind-blown dust issues.
curing, a force was applied at the mid-point of each slab
to create cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. 2. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Admix in
Water was ponded above the cracked area. Initially all bulk powder form, soluble bags or repulpable bags to the
cracks leaked; at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the drum of the ready-mix truck immediately prior to driving
cracks of the Xypex treated panels, while leaking contin- the truck under the batch plant and adding the balance
ued through the cracks of the control slab until the end of the materials or the premixed concrete in accordance
of the test period (25 days). SEM photographs showed with standard concrete batching practices. Measures to
significant crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the ensure soluble bags or repulpable bags are dispersed
Admix treated slab. include adding the bags as far forward in the drum as
possible, adding a small amount of batch water with the
bags, and spinning the drum prior to adding remaining in-
15
gredients. Avoid delays in adding other components and Technical Services
utilize high speed mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix.
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
Where there may be insufficient water for thorough dis-
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
persion of the bulk powder, a water slurry can be made
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
with the Admix and added to the truck mixer drum prior
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
to batching. Account for added water in the mix design
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
and slump.
Representative.
3. ADDITION TO CENTRAL MIXER Add Xypex Admix
in bulk powder form, soluble bags or repulpable bags Certification
along with the other components. Mix as per standard Xypex Admix satisfies the requirements of EN-934-2;
batching practices to ensure thorough dispersal of the Initial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN-934-2 was cer-
Admix resulting in a homogeneous mixture. Account for tified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
worker safety issues when accessing the equipment.
Safe Handling Information
Note: Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
i. Although addition on site in powder form is not normally Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
recommended, it may be necessary. In such a case, add Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
Xypex Admix to truck in slurry form (e.g. 3 parts powder on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
to 2 parts water by volume). Mix concrete for a minimum maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
of 5 minutes on high speed or until thoroughly dispersed. Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
Account for added water in the mix design and slump. and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
ii. Concrete containing the Xypex Admix does not pre- Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
clude the requirement for design of crack control, con- cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
struction joint detailing, proper placement, consolidation Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
and curing of the concrete and measures for repairing
defects such as honeycombing, tie holes, cracks beyond Warranty
specified limits.
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
iii. Further guidelines are available that address the use tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
of Xypex Admix for a specific situation, (e.g. dry mixes, consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
use of ice in hot ambient conditions, cold-weather products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
concreting, etc.). Consult with a local Xypex Technical facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
Services Representative or Xypex’s Technical Services ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
Department for further information. merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
Setting Time and Strength or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
The setting time of concrete is affected by the chemi-
liability in connection therewith.
cal and physical composition of ingredients, temperature
of the concrete and climatic conditions. Xypex Admix
C-1000/C-1000 NF is designed for concrete mix designs
where a normal or mildly delayed set is desired. Concrete
containing the Admix C-1000/C-1000 NF may develop
higher ultimate strengths than plain concrete. Trial mixes
should be carried out under project conditions to deter-
mine the setting time and strength of the concrete dosed
with Admix C-1000/C-1000 NF. Consult with a Xypex
Technical Services Representative for the most appropri-
ate Xypex Admix for your project.
Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Admix, the temperature of the
concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC).
08
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
16 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1997-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
ADMIX C-2000/C-2000 NF 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
17
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48, mens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulphate
“Permeability of Concrete”, Setsco Services, solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples
Pte Ltd., Singapore were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The
Six Xypex Admix-treated and six untreated concrete Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between 5
samples were tested for water permeability. Pressure and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while
was gradually increased over five days and then main- the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
tained at 7 bars (224 ft. / 68.3 m water head) for 10 days. loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
While the six reference samples showed water leakage
beginning on the fifth day and increasing throughout the HB 84-2006 “Durability Assessment of Reinforced
test period, the Xypex Admix samples showed no water Concrete Structure Containing Xypex Admix
leakage at any time during the test. Exposed to 19 Years of Severe Marine Environment”,
Sharp and Howells Pty. Ltd., Chemical Laboratories,
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability Victoria, Australia
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction Lascelles Wharf serves as a bulk chemical and grain
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, dock. In 1995, as part of an extensive maintenance pro-
Sydney, Australia gram and to protect new precast concrete panels from
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a dos- the extremely harsh and aggressive marine environ-
age rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water per- ment, the concrete was dosed with Xypex Admix C-2000
meability against control samples. All the samples were NF at 1%. Recently tests were conducted to predict “ini-
subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters / 328 ft. tiation time to corrosion”. Extracted cores were tested for
water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability coefficients chloride content at incremental depths into the concrete.
were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated concrete Chloride content profiles, concrete cover, surface chlo-
showed significant reduction in water permeability by up ride content, and chloride corrosion threshold were used
to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. in a model based on Fick’s 2nd law to predict the residual
service life of this structure. The average initiation time
STN EN 12390-8 “Testing of Hardened Concrete;
to corrosion was estimated at 164 years; whereas, the
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”,
Technical and Testing Construction Institute, structure had been designed for 50 years of service life.
Bratislava, Slovakia
NT BUILD 443, “Chloride Diffusion by NordTest with
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 16.5% NaCl Solution of 40 MPa Concrete Containing
2% and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control Admix C-1000 NF”, Australia Centre for Construction
cubes. A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 Innovation, University of New South Wales,
hrs and specimens were subsequently split transversely Sydney, Australia
to measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for The NordTest NT BUILD 443 is a standard accelerated
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- method for evaluation of the chloride diffusion coefficient
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 of concrete. In this test program, concrete mixes with 25%
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water fly ash, 38% slag, and 60% slag were cast (total cementi-
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated tious content = 435 kg, 0.4 w/c). Xypex Admix C-1000
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to the NF at 0.8% and 1.2% by weight of cementitious materials
control concrete. were compared to control mixes (for each cement sys-
tem). All specimens were immersed in a 16.5% NaCl so-
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH lution for 35 days. Chloride diffusion coefficient was cal-
ASTM C 39, “Compressive Strength of Cylindrical culated based on the chloride profile, utilizing Fick’s 2nd
Concrete Specimens”, Kleinfelder Laboratories, law. Admix treated fly ash concrete showed 25% reduced
San Francisco, USA chloride diffusion coefficient for both 0.8% and 1.2% ad-
At 28 days, the compressive strength test of the concrete dition. The Admix treated 38% slag concrete recorded a
containing Xypex Admix measured 7160 psi / 49.5 MPa 67% lower chloride diffusion coefficient at 0.8% addition
as compared to the reference sample at 6460 psi / 44.5 and 75% lower at 1.2% addition. The reduction of chlo-
MPa (a 10% increase). ride diffusion coefficient was 42% and 53% for high slag
mixes for 0.8% and 1.2% addition respectively.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
CSN 73 1326 “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to “Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix Corporation, Houston, USA
C-1000/Admix C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
Materials Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1% treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were cast immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
along with non-treated concrete specimens. The speci- for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
18
or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent- SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
tested significantly lower than the control samples. Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Concrete
Mortars”, Australian Centre for Construction
“Acid Resistance of Mortar Containing Xypex Innovation, University of New South Wales,
Admix C-1000 NF”, Construction and Maintenance Sydney, Australia
Technology Research Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn
Slag and fly ash blended cement samples were treated
International Institute of Technology (SIIT) -
with Xypex Admix and examined for evidence of crystal-
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
line growth at ages ranging from 8 months to 2 years.
An acid testing regime was part of an extensive program
to determine the benefit of the Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Samples were sliced and/or split and examined at mag-
nifications between 500x and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex
dosed at 1% to improve the durability of concrete. Sev-
crystalline growth was observable on all Xypex treated
eral comparative mixes were utilized in this evaluation,
samples, providing evidence of Xypex crystalline reac-
including: a plain Portland cement and a 30% fly ash mix.
tions with fly ash and slag blended cements.
Cured samples were exposed to 5% H2SO4; the pH val-
ue of this acid solution was 0.25 and never greater than FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
0.54 pH. In this extremely acidic, corrosive environment,
at 12 weeks the Admix samples reduced the weight loss ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
by 48% compared to controls of the cement-only mortar,
After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
and 53% in the fly ash specimens.
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
CRACK SEALING
POTABLE WATER EXPOSURE
ASTM C1585 and ASTM C1202 “Evaluation of
Self-healing Capability of Self-compacting Concrete NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Component-Health
Made with Blast-furnace Slag Cements Activated by Effects”, NSF International, Ann Arbor, USA
the Xypex Crystalline Catalyst”, Instituto Tecnologico Exposure testing of potable water in contact with Xypex-
de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil treated samples indicated no harmful effects.
Portland, blast furnace slag and slag-modified Port-
land concrete samples, treated with 2.5% Admix C-500, Directions for Use
were evaluated for self-healing capabilities. Microcracks Xypex Admix C-2000/C-2000 NF is added to the concrete
were induced by loading to 90% of ultimate compres- at the time of batching. It is important to obtain a homo-
sive strength. Cracked samples were then immersed in geneous mixture of Xypex Admix with the concrete. Do
water to trigger self-healing after 28, 56 and 84 days. not add dry Admix powder directly to wet mixed concrete
Strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used as this could cause clumping and thorough dispersion
to determine mechanical recovery; sorptivity and rapid may not occur. The sequence of procedures for addition
chloride permeability were used to evaluate watertight- will vary according to the type of batch plant operation
ness recovery. Results substantiated the ability of Xypex and equipment. The following methods have been used
Admix to provide self-healing of cracked concrete. successfully in the past and it is recommended that the
local Xypex Technical Services Representative be con-
“Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing sulted about the best method to use.
Capabilities”, CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd.,
Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos 1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add
Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing was Xypex Admix in bulk powder form or repulpable bags di-
undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex Admix rectly to the coarse aggregate conveyor belt manually
to self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three large con- or through computer controlled mass batching system.
crete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at 0.8% were Account for worker health and safety issues with moving
cast along with three control slabs. Following curing, a belts and wind-blown dust issues.
force was applied at the mid-point of each slab to cre-
ate cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. Water 2. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Admix
was ponded above the cracked area. Initially all cracks in bulk powder form or repulpable bags to the drum of
leaked; at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the cracks the ready-mix truck immediately prior to driving the truck
of the Xypex treated panels, while leaking continued under the batch plant and adding the balance of the
through the cracks of the control slab until the end of materials or the premixed concrete in accordance with
the test period (25 days). SEM photographs showed sig- standard concrete batching practices. Measures to en-
nificant crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the sure repulpable bags are dispersed include adding the
Admix treated slab. bags as far forward in the drum as possible, adding a
small amount of batch water with the bags, and spinning
the drum prior to adding remaining ingredients. Avoid de-
lays in adding other components and utilize high speed
19
mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix. Where there may Technical Services
be insufficient water for thorough dispersion of the bulk
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
powder, a water slurry can be made with the Admix and
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
added to the truck mixer drum prior to batching. Account
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
for added water in the mix design and slump.
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
3. ADDITION TO CENTRAL MIXER Add Xypex Admix cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
in bulk powder form or repulpable bags along with the Representative.
other components. Mix as per standard batching prac-
tices to ensure thorough dispersal of the Admix resulting Certification
in a homogeneous mixture. Account for worker safety is- Xypex Admix satisfies the requirements of EN-934-2; Ini-
sues when accessing the equipment. tial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN-934-2 was certi-
fied by BSI as the Notifying Body.
Note:
i. Although addition on site in powder form is not normally Safe Handling Information
recommended, it may be necessary. In such a case, add Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex Admix to truck in slurry form (e.g. 3 parts powder Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
to 2 parts water by volume). Mix concrete for a minimum Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
of 5 minutes on high speed or until thoroughly dispersed. on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
Account for added water in the mix design and slump. maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
ii. Concrete containing the Xypex Admix does not pre- and safety information for the protection of workers and
clude the requirement for design of crack control, con- customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
struction joint detailing, proper placement, consolidation Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
and curing of the concrete and measures for repairing cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
defects such as honeycombing, tie holes, cracks beyond Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
specified limits.
Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Admix, the temperature of
the concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC).
08
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
20 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1989-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
ADMIX C-500 NF RED 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Packaging
Xypex is a unique chemical treatment for the waterproof- Xypex Admix C-500 NF Red is packaged in 15 lb. (6.8 kg)
ing, protection and improvement of concrete. XYPEX pails and 25 lb. (11.35 kg) repulpable paper bags.
ADMIX C-500 NF RED is added to the concrete mix at
the time of batching. Admix C-500 NF Red consists of Storage
Portland cement, a red oxide pigment and various active, Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
proprietary chemicals. These active chemicals react with perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
the moisture in fresh concrete and with the by-products under proper conditions.
of cement hydration to cause a catalytic reaction which
generates a non-soluble crystalline formation throughout Dosage Rates
the pores and capillary tracts of the concrete. Thus the Xypex Admix C-500 NF Red:
concrete becomes permanently sealed against the pen- 2% by weight of cementitious content
etration of water or liquids from any direction. The con-
crete is also protected from deterioration due to harsh Consult with the local Xypex Technical Services Repre-
environmental conditions. sentative or Xypex’s Technical Services Department for
assistance in determining the appropriate dosage rate
Xypex Admix C-500 NF Red and for further information regarding enhanced chemical
Admix C-500 NF Red has been specially formulated to resistance, optimum concrete performance, or meeting
provide the unique Xypex crystalline waterproofing and the specific requirements and conditions of your project.
protection, as well as a red oxide pigment to clearly
identify concrete treated with the Xypex Admix. Refer to Test Data
the relevant sections of this data sheet or consult with PERMEABILITY
Xypex’s Technical Services Department for assistance U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48,
in determining the appropriate dosage rate and for further “Permeability of Concrete”, Aviles Engineering Corp.,
information regarding enhanced chemical resistance, op- Houston, USA
timum concrete performance (e.g. setting time, compres- Two concrete samples containing Xypex Admix and an
sive strength), or meeting the specific requirements and untreated control sample were tested for water perme-
conditions of your project. ability. Both the treated and untreated samples were
subjected to a pressure of 150 psi / 1.04 MPa (350 ft.
Recommended for: / 106.7 m water head). Results showed moisture and
Precast Components permeated water throughout the untreated sample after
- manholes 24 hours. However, the Xypex Admix samples showed
- pipes no leakage, and water penetration of only 1.5 mm / 0.06
- culverts inches after 120 hours (5 days).
- vaults
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48,
- septic tanks
“Permeability of Concrete”, Setsco Services,
Pte Ltd., Singapore
Advantages Six Xypex Admix-treated and six untreated concrete
• Resists extreme hydrostatic pressure samples were tested for water permeability. Pressure
• Becomes an integral part of the substrate was gradually increased over five days and then main-
• Highly resistant to aggressive chemicals tained at 7 bars (224 ft. / 68.3 m water head) for 10 days.
• Can seal static hairline cracks up to 0.4 mm While the six reference samples showed water leakage
• Allows concrete to breathe beginning on the fifth day and increasing throughout
• Non-toxic the test period, the Xypex Admix samples showed no wa-
• No VOCs ter leakage at any time during the test.
• Less costly to install than most other methods
• Permanent
• Added to the concrete at time of batching and
therefore is not subject to climatic restraints
21
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability gram and to protect new precast concrete panels from
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction the extremely harsh and aggressive marine environ-
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, ment, the concrete was dosed with Xypex Admix C-2000
Sydney, Australia NF at 1%. Recently tests were conducted to predict “ini-
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a tiation time to corrosion”. Extracted cores were tested for
dosage rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water chloride content at incremental depths into the concrete.
permeability against control samples. All the samples Chloride content profiles, concrete cover, surface chlo-
were subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters ride content, and chloride corrosion threshold were used
/ 328 ft. water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability co- in a model based on Fick’s 2nd law to predict the residual
efficients were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated service life of this structure. The average initiation time
concrete showed significant reduction in water perme- to corrosion was estimated at 164 years; whereas, the
ability by up to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. structure had been designed for 50 years of service life.
STN EN 12390-8 ,“Testing of Hardened Concrete; NT BUILD 443, “Chloride Diffusion by NordTest with
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”, 16.5% NaCl Solution of 40 MPa Concrete Containing
Technical and Testing Construction Institute, Admix C-1000 NF”, Australia Centre for Construction
Bratislava, Slovakia Innovation, University of New South Wales,
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 2% Sydney, Australia
and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control cubes. The NordTest NT BUILD 443 is a standard accelerated
A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 hrs method for evaluation of the chloride diffusion coefficient
and specimens were subsequently split transversely to of concrete. In this test program, concrete mixes with
measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for 25% fly ash, 38% slag, and 60% slag were cast (total
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- cementitious content = 435 kg, 0.4 w/c). Xypex Admix
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 C-1000 NF at 0.8% and 1.2% by weight of cementitious
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water materials were compared to control mixes (for each
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated cement system). All specimens were immersed in a
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to 16.5% NaCl solution for 35 days. Chloride diffusion co-
the control concrete. efficient was calculated based on the chloride profile,
utilizing Fick’s 2nd law. Admix treated fly ash concrete
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
showed 25% reduced chloride diffusion coefficient for
ASTM C 39, “Compressive Strength of Cylindrical both 0.8% and 1.2% addition. The Admix treated 38%
Concrete Specimens”, Kleinfelder Laboratories, slag concrete recorded a 67% lower chloride diffusion
San Francisco, USA coefficient at 0.8% addition and 75% lower at 1.2%
At 28 days, the compressive strength test of the concrete addition. The reduction of chloride diffusion coefficient
containing Xypex Admix measured 7160 psi / 49.5 MPa was 42% and 53% for high slag mixes for 0.8% and 1.2%
as compared to the reference sample at 6460 psi / 44.5 addition respectively.
MPa (a 10% increase).
“Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE Corporation, Houston, USA
CSN 73 1326, “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
C-1000/C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building Materials treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1% for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were cast or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent-
along with non-treated concrete specimens. The speci- age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix
mens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulphate tested significantly lower than the control samples.
solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples
were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The “Acid Resistance of Mortar Containing Xypex
Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between Admix C-1000 NF”, Construction and Maintenance
5 and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while Technology Research Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn
International Institute of Technology (SIIT) -
the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
An acid testing regime was part of an extensive program
HB 84-2006 “Durability Assessment of Reinforced to determine the benefit of the Xypex Admix C-1000 NF
Concrete Structure Containing Xypex Admix dosed at 1% to improve the durability of concrete. Several
Exposed to 19 Years of Severe Marine Environment”, comparative mixes were utilized in this evaluation, in-
Sharp and Howells Pty. Ltd., Chemical Laboratories, cluding: a plain Portland cement and a 30% fly ash mix.
Victoria, Australia Cured samples were exposed to 5% H2SO4; the pH value
Lascelles Wharf serves as a bulk chemical and grain of this acid solution was 0.25 and never greater than 0.54
dock. In 1995, as part of an extensive maintenance pro-
22
pH. In this extremely acidic, corrosive environment, at FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
12 weeks the Admix samples reduced the weight loss ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
by 48% compared to controls of the cement-only mortar, Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
and 53% in the fly ash specimens. After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
CRACK SEALING
ASTM C1585 and ASTM C1202, “Evaluation of Directions for Use
Selfhealing Capability of Self-compacting Concrete
Xypex Admix C-500 NF Red is added to the concrete at
Made with Blast-furnace Slag Cements Activated by
the time of batching. It is important to obtain a homoge-
the Xypex Crystalline Catalyst”, Instituto Tecnologico
de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil neous mixture of Xypex Admix with the concrete. Do not
Portland, blast furnace slag and slag-modified Portland add dry Admix powder directly to wet mixed concrete as
concrete samples, treated with 2.5% Admix C-500, were this could cause clumping and thorough dispersion may
evaluated for self-healing capabilities. Microcracks were not occur. The sequence of procedures for addition will
induced by loading to 90% of ultimate compressive vary according to the type of batch plant operation and
strength. Cracked samples were then immersed in water equipment. The following methods have been used suc-
to trigger self-healing after 28, 56 and 84 days. Strength cessfully in the past and it is recommended that the local
and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to deter- Xypex Technical Services Representative be consulted
mine mechanical recovery; sorptivity and rapid chloride about the best method to use.
permeability were used to evaluate wate tightness recov-
1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add
ery. Results substantiated the ability of Xypex Admix to
Xypex Admix in bulk powder form or repulpable bags di-
provide self-healing of cracked concrete.
rectly to the coarse aggregate conveyor belt manually
“Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing or through computer controlled mass batching system.
Capabilities”, CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd., Account for worker health and safety issues with moving
Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos belts and wind-blown dust issues.
Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing was
undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex Admix to 2. ADDITION TO CENTRAL MIXER Add Xypex Admix
self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three large con- in bulk powder form or repulpable bags along with the
crete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at 0.8% were other components. Mix as per standard batching prac-
cast along with three control slabs. Following curing, a tices to ensure thorough dispersal of the Admix result-
force was applied at the mid-point of each slab to create ing in a homogeneous mixture. Account for worker safety
cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. Water was issues when accessing the equipment.
ponded above the cracked area. Initially all cracks leaked;
3. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Admix in
at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the cracks of the
bulk powder form or repulpable bags to the drum of the
Xypex treated panels, while leaking continued through
ready-mix truck immediately prior to driving the truck un-
the cracks of the control slab until the end of the test
der the batch plant and adding the balance of the materi-
period (25 days). SEM photographs showed significant
als in accordance with standard concrete batching prac-
crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the Admix
tices. Measures to ensure repulpable bags are dispersed
treated slab.
include adding the bags as far forward in the drum as
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY possible, adding a small amount of batch water with the
bags, and spinning the drum prior to adding remaining in-
SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
gredients. Avoid delays in adding other components and
Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Concrete
Mortars”, Australian Centre for Construction utilize high speed mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix.
Innovation, University of New South Wales, Where there may be insufficient water for thorough dis-
Sydney, Australia persion of the bulk powder, a water slurry can be made
Slag and fly ash blended cement samples were treated with the Admix and added to the truck mixer drum prior
with Xypex Admix and examined for evidence of crystal- to batching. Account for added water in the mix design
line growth at ages ranging from 8 months to 2 years. and slump.
Samples were sliced and/or split and examined at magni-
Note:
fications between 500x and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex
crystalline growth was observable on all Xypex treated i. For installations involving pan mixers, the recommend-
samples, providing evidence of Xypex crystalline reac- ed procedure would be to initially add some of the mix
tions with fly ash and slag blended cements. water and coarse aggregate to the pan mixer, begin mix-
ing and slowly add the Xypex Admix powder. Mix until the
Admix is thoroughly dispersed and forms a slurry, then
add the balance of the materials and continue to mix as
per normal.
23
ii. Concrete containing the Xypex Admix does not pre- Warranty
clude the requirement for design of crack control, con-
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
struction joint detailing, proper placement, consolidation
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
and curing of the concrete and measures for repairing
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
defects such as honeycombing, tie holes, cracks beyond
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
specified limits.
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
iii. Further guidelines are available that address the use ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
of Xypex Admix for a specific situation, (e.g. dry mix- merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
es, use of ice in hot ambient conditions, cold-weather this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
concreting, etc.). Consult with a local Xypex Technical or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
Services Representative or Xypex’s Technical Services product for his intended use and assume all risks and
Department for further information. liability in connection therewith.
Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Admix, the temperature of
the concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC).
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
24 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2007-2018 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
ADMIX C-1000 RED 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Packaging
Xypex is a unique chemical treatment for the waterproof- Xypex Admix C-1000 Red is packaged in 20 lb. (9.1 kg)
ing, protection and improvement of concrete. XYPEX pails and 37 lb. (16.8 kg) repulpable paper bags. For
ADMIX C-1000 RED is added to the concrete mix at the specific projects, contact Xypex Chemical Corporation
time of batching. Admix C-1000 Red consists of Port- for availability of custom sized packaging.
land cement, very fine silica sand, a red oxide pigment
and various active, proprietary chemicals. These active Storage
chemicals react with the moisture in fresh concrete and Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
with the by-products of cement hydration to cause a cata- perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
lytic reaction which generates a non-soluble crystalline under proper conditions.
formation throughout the pores and capillary tracts of
the concrete. Thus the concrete becomes permanently Dosage Rates
sealed against the penetration of water or liquids from Xypex Admix C-1000 Red:
any direction. The concrete is also protected from dete- 3 - 3.5% by weight of cement
rioration due to harsh environmental conditions.
Consult with the local Xypex Technical Services Repre-
Xypex Admix C-1000 Red sentative or Xypex’s Technical Services Department for
Admix C-1000 Red has been specially formulated to pro- assistance in determining the appropriate dosage rate
vide the unique Xypex crystalline waterproofing and pro- and for further information regarding enhanced chemical
tection, as well as a red oxide pigment to clearly identify resistance, optimum concrete performance, or meeting
concrete treated with the Xypex Admix. Refer to the rel- the specific requirements and conditions of your project.
evant sections of this data sheet or consult with Xypex’s
Technical Services Department for assistance in determin- Test Data
ing the appropriate dosage rate and for further informa- PERMEABILITY
tion regarding enhanced chemical resistance, optimum U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48,
concrete performance (e.g. setting time, compressive “Permeability of Concrete”, Aviles Engineering Corp.,
strength), or meeting the specific requirements and condi- Houston, USA
tions of your project. Two concrete samples containing Xypex Admix and an
untreated control sample were tested for water perme-
Recommended for: ability. Both the treated and untreated samples were sub-
Precast Components jected to a pressure of 150 psi / 1.04 MPa (350 ft. / 106.7
- manholes m water head). Results showed moisture and permeated
- pipes water throughout the untreated sample after 24 hours.
- culverts However, the Xypex Admix samples showed no leakage,
- vaults and water penetration of only 1.5 mm / 0.06 inches after
- septic tanks 120 hours (5 days).
25
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability gram and to protect new precast concrete panels from
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction the extremely harsh and aggressive marine environ-
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, ment, the concrete was dosed with Xypex Admix C-2000
Sydney, Australia NF at 1%. Recently tests were conducted to predict “ini-
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a dos- tiation time to corrosion”. Extracted cores were tested for
age rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water per- chloride content at incremental depths into the concrete.
meability against control samples. All the samples were Chloride content profiles, concrete cover, surface chlo-
subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters / 328 ft. ride content, and chloride corrosion threshold were used
water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability coefficients in a model based on Fick’s 2nd law to predict the residual
were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated concrete service life of this structure. The average initiation time
showed significant reduction in water permeability by up to corrosion was estimated at 164 years; whereas, the
to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. structure had been designed for 50 years of service life.
STN EN 12390-8 “Testing of Hardened Concrete; NT BUILD 443, “Chloride Diffusion by NordTest with
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”, 16.5% NaCl Solution of 40 MPa Concrete Containing
Technical and Testing Construction Institute, Admix C-1000 NF”, Australia Centre for Construction
Bratislava, Slovakia Innovation, University of New South Wales,
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 2% Sydney, Australia
and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control cubes. The NordTest NT BUILD 443 is a standard accelerated
A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 hrs method for evaluation of the chloride diffusion coefficient
and specimens were subsequently split transversely to of concrete. In this test program, concrete mixes with
measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for 25% fly ash, 38% slag, and 60% slag were cast (total
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- cementitious content = 435 kg, 0.4 w/c). Xypex Admix
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 C-1000 NF at 0.8% and 1.2% by weight of cementitious
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water materials were compared to control mixes (for each ce-
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated ment system). All specimens were immersed in a 16.5%
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to the NaCl solution for 35 days. Chloride diffusion coefficient
control concrete. was calculated based on the chloride profile, utilizing
Fick’s 2nd law. Admix treated fly ash concrete showed
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
25% reduced chloride diffusion coefficient for both 0.8%
ASTM C 39, “Compressive Strength of Cylindrical and 1.2% addition. The Admix treated 38% slag concrete
Concrete Specimens”, Kleinfelder Laboratories, recorded a 67% lower chloride diffusion coefficient at
San Francisco, USA 0.8% addition and 75% lower at 1.2% addition. The reduc-
At 28 days, the compressive strength test of the concrete tion of chloride diffusion coefficient was 42% and 53% for
containing Xypex Admix measured 7160 psi / 49.5 MPa high slag mixes for 0.8% and 1.2% addition respectively.
as compared to the reference sample at 6460 psi / 44.5
MPa (a 10% increase). “Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
Corporation, Houston, USA
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
CSN 73 1326 “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
C-1000/Admix C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
Materials Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1% or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent-
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were cast age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix
along with non-treated concrete specimens. The speci- tested significantly lower than the control samples.
mens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulphate
solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples “Acid Resistance of Mortar Containing Xypex
were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The Admix C-1000 NF”, Construction and Maintenance
Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between 5 Technology Research Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn
International Institute of Technology (SIIT) -
and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while
Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
An acid testing regime was part of an extensive program
loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
to determine the benefit of the Xypex Admix C-1000 NF
HB 84-2006 “Durability Assessment of Reinforced dosed at 1% to improve the durability of concrete. Sev-
Concrete Structure Containing Xypex Admix eral comparative mixes were utilized in this evaluation,
Exposed to 19 Years of Severe Marine Environment”, including: a plain Portland cement and a 30% fly ash mix.
Sharp and Howells Pty. Ltd., Chemical Laboratories, Cured samples were exposed to 5% H2SO4; the pH val-
Victoria, Australia ue of this acid solution was 0.25 and never greater than
Lascelles Wharf serves as a bulk chemical and grain 0.54 pH. In this extremely acidic, corrosive environment,
dock. In 1995, as part of an extensive maintenance pro-
26
at 12 weeks the Admix samples reduced the weight loss FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
by 48% compared to controls of the cement-only mortar, ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
and 53% in the fly ash specimens. Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
CRACK SEALING
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
ASTM C1585 and ASTM C1202 “Evaluation of
Self-healing Capability of Self-compacting Concrete Directions for Use
Made with Blast-furnace Slag Cements Activated by
Xypex Admix C-1000 Red is added to the concrete at
the Xypex Crystalline Catalyst”, Instituto Tecnologico
de Aeronautica, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil the time of batching. It is important to obtain a homoge-
Portland, blast furnace slag and slag-modified Portland neous mixture of Xypex Admix with the concrete. Do not
concrete samples, treated with 2.5% Admix C-500, were add dry Admix powder directly to wet mixed concrete as
evaluated for self-healing capabilities. Microcracks were this could cause clumping and thorough dispersion may
induced by loading to 90% of ultimate compressive not occur. The sequence of procedures for addition will
strength. Cracked samples were then immersed in water vary according to the type of batch plant operation and
to trigger self-healing after 28, 56 and 84 days. Strength equipment. The following methods have been used suc-
and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests were used to deter- cessfully in the past and it is recommended that the local
mine mechanical recovery; sorptivity and rapid chlo- Xypex Technical Services Representative be consulted
ride permeability were used to evaluate watertightness about the best method to use.
recovery. Results substantiated the ability of Xypex Admix
1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add
to provide self-healing of cracked concrete.
Xypex Admix in bulk powder form or repulpable bags di-
“Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing rectly to the coarse aggregate conveyor belt manually
Capabilities”, CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd., or through computer controlled mass batching system.
Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos Account for worker health and safety issues with moving
Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing was belts and wind-blown dust issues.
undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex Admix
to self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three large con- 2. ADDITION TO CENTRAL MIXER Add Xypex Admix
crete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at 0.8% were in bulk powder form or repulpable bags along with the
cast along with three control slabs. Following curing, a other components. Mix as per standard batching prac-
force was applied at the mid-point of each slab to create tices to ensure thorough dispersal of the Admix result-
cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. Water ing in a homogeneous mixture. Account for worker safety
was ponded above the cracked area. Initially all cracks issues when accessing the equipment.
leaked; at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the cracks
3. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Admix
of the Xypex treated panels, while leaking continued
in bulk powder form or repulpable bags to the drum of
through the cracks of the control slab until the end of
the ready-mix truck immediately prior to driving the truck
the test period (25 days). SEM photographs showed sig-
under the batch plant and adding the balance of the
nificant crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the
materials or the premixed concrete in accordance with
Admix treated slab.
standard concrete batching practices. Measures to en-
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY sure repulpable bags are dispersed include adding the
bags as far forward in the drum as possible, adding a
SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
small amount of batch water with the bags, and spinning
Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Concrete
Mortars”, Australian Centre for Construction the drum prior to adding remaining ingredients. Avoid de-
Innovation, University of New South Wales, lays in adding other components and utilize high speed
Sydney, Australia mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix. Where there may
Slag and fly ash blended cement samples were treated be insufficient water for thorough dispersion of the bulk
with Xypex Admix and examined for evidence of crystalline powder, a water slurry can be made with the Admix and
growth at ages ranging from 8 months to 2 years. Samples added to the truck mixer drum prior to batching. Account
were sliced and/or split and examined at magnifications for added water in the mix design and slump.
between 500x and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex crystalline
Note:
growth was observable on all Xypex treated samples, pro-
viding evidence of Xypex crystalline reactions with fly ash i. For installations involving pan mixers, the recommend-
and slag blended cements. ed procedure would be to initially add some of the mix
water and coarse aggregate to the pan mixer, begin mix-
ing and slowly add the Xypex Admix powder. Mix until the
Admix is thoroughly dispersed and forms a slurry, then
add the balance of the materials and continue to mix as
per normal.
27
ii. Concrete containing the Xypex Admix does not pre- Warranty
clude the requirement for design of crack control, con-
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
struction joint detailing, proper placement, consolidation
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
and curing of the concrete and measures for repairing
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
defects such as honeycombing, tie holes, cracks beyond
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
specified limits.
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
iii. Further guidelines are available that address the use ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
of Xypex Admix for a specific situation, (e.g. dry mixes, merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
use of ice in hot ambient conditions, cold-weather this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
concreting, etc.). Consult with a local Xypex Technical or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
Services Representative or Xypex’s Technical Services product for his intended use and assume all risks and
Department for further information. liability in connection therewith.
Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Admix, the temperature of the
concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC).
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
28 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2007-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
1.2
Precast & Cast-in-Place Concrete • Protection Against Microbial Induced
Corrosion and Chemical Attack - Provision of Waterproofing
24 hr Bacterial Concentration
formation thus inhibiting the growth of acid causing sewer 500,000
stantial reduction in the sewer bacteria Thiobacillus
bacteria such as Thiobacillus due to high concentrations novellus
400,000
/ Starkeya novella was found indicating a defi-
of H2S. The unique Xypex crystalline technology creates nite300,000
antimicrobial effect.
a permanent structure throughout the pores and capillary
200,000
tracts providing waterproofing and enhanced chemical 600,000
protection including acid and sulphate resistance. Bio- 100,000
24 hr Bacterial Concentration
500,000
San C500 prevents microbial induced corrosion, stops 0
infiltration/exfiltration of water, and provides acid and sul- 400,000
Control Bio-San C500
100,000
Recommended for:
0
• Manholes / Sewer Pipes Control Bio-San C500
• Pump and Lift Stations
• Head Works Concrete was cast in 100 x 200 mm cylinders with both
• Septic Tanks control and treated mixes. A wastewater facility was cho-
• Digesters sen that had elevated H2S levels and substantial existing
• Clarifiers MIC corrosion damage. Test samples were suspended
• Industrial Structures in the air space of the tank for 10 years. Exposure trials
showed that treated concrete had nine times less con-
Advantages crete mass loss compared to control samples.
• Inhibits microbial induced corrosion
• Resists extreme hydrostatic pressure Corrosion Rate at 50 ppm H2S
• Resistant to aggressive chemicals 1.2
Corrosion Rate (relative to Control)
0.2
0
Control Bio-San C500
29
PERMEABILITY cast along with non-treated concrete specimens. The
specimens were exposed to a highly concentrated sulfate
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CRD C48,
solution (i.e. 36,000 mg/ℓ) for 4 months and samples
“Permeability of Concrete”, Aviles Engineering Corp.,
were periodically weighed to determine mass loss. The
Houston, USA
Admix treated samples recorded a mass loss between
Two concrete samples containing Xypex Admix and an
5 and 50 g/m2 and showed no surface deterioration, while
untreated control sample were tested for water perme-
the non-treated specimens measured an average mass
ability. Both the treated and untreated samples were sub-
loss of 4,860 g/m2 with significant surface deterioration.
jected to a pressure of 150 psi / 1.04 MPa (350 ft. / 106.7
m water head). Results showed moisture and permeated “Sulfuric Acid Resistance Test”, Aviles Engineering
water throughout the untreated sample after 24 hours. Corporation, Houston, USA
However, the Xypex Admix samples showed no leakage, Concrete containing Xypex Admix at different dosage
and water penetration of only 1.5 mm / 0.06 inches after rates including 3% specimens were tested against un-
120 hours (5 days). treated control samples for sulfuric acid resistance. After
immersion in the sulfuric acid, each sample was tested
ACCI Water Permeability Test, “Water Permeability
for weight loss on a daily basis until a weight loss of 50%
of Concrete”, Australia Centre of Construction
and Innovation, University of New South Wales, or a definite response trend was obtained. The percent-
Sydney, Australia age weight loss of the samples containing Xypex Admix
Concrete samples containing Xypex Admix NF at a dos- tested significantly lower than the control samples.
age rate of 0.8% and 1.2% were tested for water per-
CRACK SEALING
meability against control samples. All the samples were
subjected to a pressure of 10 bars (100 meters / 328 ft. “Testing of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF Crack Healing
water head) for 2 weeks. Water permeability coefficients Capabilities” CH Karnchang (Lao) Company Ltd.,
were calculated and the Xypex Admix-treated concrete Xayaburi Laboratory, Ban Xieng Yeun, Vientiane, Laos
showed significant reduction in water permeability by up Prior to construction of a Mekong River dam, testing was
to 93% at a dosage rate of 1.2%. undertaken to substantiate the ability of Xypex Admix
to self-heal static cracks up to 0.4 mm. Three large con-
STN EN 12390-8 “Testing of Hardened Concrete; crete slabs treated with Admix C-1000 NF at 0.8% were
Depth of Water Penetration Under Pressure”,
cast along with three control slabs. Following curing, a
Technical and Testing Construction Institute,
Bratislava, Slovakia force was applied at the mid-point of each slab to create
Concrete cubes were prepared with Admix C-1000 at 2% cracks; on average measuring 0.4 mm width. Water
and Admix C-1000 NF at 1% along with control cubes. was ponded above the cracked area. Initially all cracks
A water pressure of 0.5 MPa was applied for 72 hrs leaked; at 4 days all dripping had ceased from the cracks
and specimens were subsequently split transversely to of the Xypex treated panels, while leaking continued
measure depth of water penetration. Depth results for through the cracks of the control slab until the end of
C-1000/C-1000 NF were 10.3 mm and 25 mm respec- the test period (25 days). SEM photographs showed
tively, whereas penetration on control samples was 113 significant crystalline growth throughout the cracks of the
mm. In using the Valenta equation to calculate the water Admix treated slab.
permeability coefficient, the C-1000/C-1000 NF treated
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
concrete showed a 20 to 120x reduction compared to the
control concrete. SEM “Microscopic Examination of Crystalline
Products in Three Xypex Admix Modified Mortars”,
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH Australian Centre for Construction Innovation,
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
AS 1012.9-2014, ”Methods of Testing Concrete – Slag and fly ash blended cement
Compressive Strength Tests”, University of
samples were treated with Xypex
Queensland, Australia
Admix and examined for evidence of
At 28 days the compressive strength of concrete con-
crystalline growth at ages ranging
taining Xypex Bio-San C500 was 56.4 MPa (8,200 psi)
from 8 months to 2 years. Samples
as compared to the control concrete of 47.5 MPa (6,900
were sliced and/or split and exam-
psi). Testing indicates a positive impact on strength.
ined at magnifications between 500x
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE and 5000x. Characteristic Xypex crystalline growth was
observable on all Xypex treated samples, providing
CSN 73 1326 “Measuring Loss of Surface Due to evidence of Xypex crystalline reactions with fly ash and
Sulphate Attack of Concrete Treated with Admix slag blended cements.
C-1000/C-1000 NF”, Betonconsult, Building Materials
Testing Laboratory, Prague, Czech Republic
Concrete specimens treated with Admix C-1000 at 1%
and 2%, and Admix C-1000 NF at 0.5% and 1% were
30
FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY Note:
i. For installations involving pan mixers, the recommend-
ASTM C 666, “Freeze/Thaw Durability”,
ed procedure would be to initially add some of the mix
Independent Laboratory, Cleveland, USA
water and coarse aggregate to the pan mixer begin mix-
After 300 freeze/thaw cycles, the Xypex Admix-treated
ing and slowly add the Xypex Bio-San C500 powder. Mix
samples indicated 94% relative durability.
until the Bio-San C500 powder is thoroughly dispersed
and forms a slurry, then add the balance of the materials
Packaging
and continue to mix as per normal.
Xypex Bio-San C500 is packaged in 50 lb. (22.7 kg)
pails. Contact the manufacturer for availability of custom- ii. Although addition on site in powder form is not normally
sized packaging to meet the requirements of your spe- recommended, it may be necessary. In such a case, add
cific project. Xypex Admix to truck in slurry form (e.g. 3 parts powder
to 2 parts water by volume). Mix concrete for a minimum
Storage of 5 minutes on high speed or until thoroughly dispersed.
Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem- Account for added water in the mix design and slump.
perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
under proper conditions. iii. Concrete containing the Xypex Bio-San C500 does
not preclude the requirement for design of crack control,
Directions for Use construction joint detailing, proper placement, consolida-
Xypex Bio-San C500 is added to the concrete at the time tion and curing of the concrete and measures for repair-
of batching. It is important to obtain a homogeneous ing defects such as honeycombing, tie holes, cracks be-
mixture of Xypex Bio-San C500 with the concrete. Do yond specified limits.
not add dry Bio-San C500 powder directly to wet mixed
iv. Further guidelines are available that address the use
concrete as this could cause clumping and thorough
of Xypex Bio-San for a specific situation, (e.g. dry mixes,
dispersion may not occur. The sequence of procedures
use of ice in hot ambient conditions, cold-weather
for addition will vary according to the type of batch plant
concreting, etc.). Consult with a local Xypex Technical
operation and equipment. The following methods have
Services Representative or Xypex’s Technical Services
been used successfully in the past and it is recommend-
Department for further information.
ed that the local Xypex Technical Services Representa-
tive be consulted about the best method to use.
Setting Time and Strength
1. ADDITION TO COARSE AGGREGATE BELT Add The setting time of concrete is affected by the chemi-
Xypex Bio-San C500 powder directly to the coarse ag- cal and physical composition of ingredients, temperature
gregate conveyor belt manually or through computer con- of the concrete and climatic conditions. Xypex Bio-San
trolled mass batching system. Account for worker health C500 is designed for concrete mix designs where a nor-
and safety issues with moving belts and wind-blown dust mal or mildly delayed set is desired. Concrete containing
issues. the Bio-San C500 may develop higher ultimate strengths
than plain concrete. Trial mixes should be carried out
2. ADDITION TO CENTRAL MIXER Load the Bio-San under project conditions to determine the setting time
C500 in bulk powder form along with the other compo- and strength of the concrete dosed with Bio-San C500.
nents. Mix as per standard batching practices to ensure Concrete should be a minimum of 28 days age prior to
thorough dispersal of the Bio-San powder resulting in a placement into service.
homogeneous mixture. Account for worker safety issues
when accessing the equipment. Limitations
When incorporating Xypex Bio-San C500, the tempera-
3. TRUCK ADDITION (AT PLANT) Add Xypex Bio-San
ture of the concrete mix should be above 40ºF (4ºC).
C500 in bulk powder form to the drum of the ready-mix
truck immediately prior to driving the truck under the
Technical Services
batch plant and adding the balance of the materials in
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
accordance with standard concrete batching practices.
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
Avoid delays in adding other components and utilize
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
high speed mixing to ensure homogeneity of mix. Where
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
there may be insufficient water for thorough dispersion
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
of the bulk powder a water slurry can be made with the
Representative.
Bio-San C500 and added to the truck mixer drum prior
to batching. Account for added water in the mix design
and slump.
31
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. Xypex Bio-San C500 is EPA registered (No.
92393-2). The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Warranty
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
32 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2007-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
CONCENTRATE DS-1 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Coverage
Xypex Concentrate is a unique chemical treatment for Under normal conditions, the coverage rate for Xypex
the waterproofing and protection of concrete. XYPEX Concentrate DS-1 is 1.75 lb./sq. yd. (0.95 kg/m2).
CONCENTRATE DS-1 is a special formulation designed
specifically for a dry-shake application on horizontal Test Data
concrete surfaces. Packaged in the form of a dry pow- PERMEABILITY
der compound, Concentrate DS-1 consists of Portland
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) CRD C48,
cement, various active proprietary chemicals, and an “Permeability of Concrete”, Pacific Testing Labs,
aggregate which has been crushed and graded to par- Seattle, USA
ticle sizes suitable for concrete floors. DS-1 becomes an Two in. (51 mm) thick, 2000 psi (13.8 MPa) Xypex-treated
integral part of the concrete surface thereby eliminating concrete samples were pressure tested up to a 405 ft.
problems normally associated with coatings (e.g. scaling, (124 m) water head (175 psi/1.2 MPa), the limit of the
dusting, flaking and delamination). The active chemicals testing apparatus. While untreated samples showed
react with the moisture of the fresh concrete causing a marked leakage, the Xypex-treated samples (as a result
catalytic reaction which generates a non-soluble crystal- of the crystallization process) became totally sealed and
line formation within the pores and capillary tracts of the exhibited no measurable leakage.
concrete.
DIN 1048 (equivalent to EN 12390-8),
Recommended for: “Water Impermeability of Concrete”, Bautest –
Corporation for Research & Testing of Building
• Sewage and Water Treatment Plants
Materials, Augsburg, Germany
• Reservoirs
Twenty cm thick Xypex-treated concrete samples were
• Foundation Slabs
pressure tested up to 7 bars (230 ft./70 m water head)
• Bridge Decks
for 24 hours to determine water impermeability. While
• Below-grade Parking Structures
the reference specimens measured water penetration up
Note: For concrete surfaces that are subject to heavy to a depth of 92 mm, Xypex-treated samples measured
traffic conditions or that require increased resistance to water penetration of zero to an average of 4 mm.
impact and abrasion, please consult with a Xypex Techni- EN 12390-8, “Depth of Water Penetration on
cal Services Representative regarding the use of Xypex Samples Treated with Concentrate Coating”, OL-123,
Concentrate DS-2. Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic
Three replicate 150 mm concrete cubes from four dif-
Advantages ferent mix designs (strength classes) were coated with
• Resists extreme hydrostatic pressure from either Xypex Concentrate at a thickness of 0.8 mm to 1 mm.
positive or negative surface of the concrete slab Controls for each of the different mix designs were also
• Becomes an integral part of the substrate cast for comparison purposes. All samples were exposed
• Highly resistant to aggressive chemicals to 0.5 MPa (73 psi) of water pressure for 72 hours from the
• Can seal static hairline cracks up to 0.4 mm opposite side of the treated surface. Specimens from
• Allows concrete to breathe each set were split transversely from the treated sur-
• Non-toxic / no VOCs face at 28 and 91 days to measure depth of water pen-
• Less costly to apply than most other methods etration from the exposed surface. After 28 days, the
• Permanent Xypex coating reduced the depth of water penetration by
• Increases flexibility in the construction schedule 90 to 94% compared to the control mixes for the four mix
types. At 91 days all Xypex-treated samples measured
Packaging <1 mm of water penetration.
Xypex Concentrate DS-1 is available in 60 lb. (27.2 kg)
DEPTH OF PENETRATION
pails.
“Measurement of Mass Concrete Humidity”,
Storage Czech Technical University, (CVUT) Faculty
of Civil Engineering, Prague, Czech Republic
Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
A coating of Xypex Concentrate was applied to one face
perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year when stored
of a 300 mm x 300 mm x 220 mm set of concrete blocks;
under proper conditions.
two replicate sets of blocks were left untreated. Water
33
filled containers were tightly sealed onto the opposite coating. Tests following chemical exposure measured an
face of the treated blocks and one set of the untreated average 17% higher compressive strength in the Xypex-
blocks while the third untreated block set was kept in the treated specimens over the untreated control samples.
laboratory as a control. Humidity probes were installed in
6 mm diameter holes that were drilled to within 30 - 40 IWATE University Technical Report,
“Resistance to Acid Attack”, Tokyo, Japan
mm of the water exposed surface. Mass humidity was
recorded at intervals of 28, 45, 90, 125 and 132 days.
Final results showed that the Xypex-treated specimens
had an average humidity reading of 4.6%, the untreated
sample measured 7.9% and the control block with no
water exposure was 4.4%, essentially equivalent to the Before Immersion After 5 Weeks After 10 Weeks
Xypex specimens’ results. The Xypex reactive chemicals
had diffused at least 190 mm in 132 days. Xypex-treated mortar and untreated mortar were mea-
sured for acid resistance after exposure to a 5% H2SO4
“An Enhancement in the Nature of Concrete with solution for 100 days. Xypex suppressed concrete ero-
a Multiplicative Cement Crystal-Type Concrete sion to 1/8 of the reference samples.
Material”, Central Research Laboratory of Nikki
Shoji in association with Hosei University, Japan ASTM C876 “Influence of Xypex Coating System
A 60 cm x 70 cm x 40 cm concrete on Residual Service Life of Concrete Structures”
block was cast and a Concentrate Durability Assessment Section, Xypex Australia
coating was applied to the surface A bridge pier exposed to seawater in a tidal splash zone
and cured. The block was left out- for over 40 years experienced different types of deteriora-
doors for approximately 1 year. Sub- tion mechanisms including surface abrasion (skin loss),
sequently, a 40 cm (15.75 in.) long cracking, and corrosion of steel reinforcement. Corrosion
cylinder was then cored perpendicu- monitoring was conducted before and six months after
lar to the Xypex treatment and cut into 18 slices of equal application of Xypex Concentrate. This non-destructive
length. SEM photographs utilizing a 1000x magnification testing (NDT) included a measurement of the corrosion
were taken of slices from various depths from the treated rate, corrosion potential, and concrete resistivity. Results
surface to determine the extent of crystalline growth. indicated a reduction of corrosion rate and corrosion
While the crystalline structure was most dense in speci- potential up to 50% and 40% respectively, and significant
mens located closest to the treated surface, there was enhancement of the concrete resistivity.
evidence of the crystalline structure at 30 cm (12 inches)
RILEM CPC-18 “Carbonation Resistance of
from the treated surface.
Samples Treated with a Xypex Concentrate Coating”,
Construction and Maintenance Technology Research
CRACK SEALING
Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn International Institute
ASTM C856 “Standard Practice for Petrographic of Technology (SIIT) – Thammasat University,
Examination of Hardened Concrete”, Setsco Services Bangkok, Thailand
Pte, Ltd., Singapore Control and Xypex Concentrate coated samples were
A coat of Xypex Concentrate was applied to a slab that carbonated in an accelerated carbonation chamber. The
had developed numerous hairline cracks. To determine average depths of carbonation were measured at 28, 56,
the crack sealing ability of the Xypex treatment, cores 77 and 91 days. The depth of carbonation of these Xypex
were extracted from a slab at 3, 10, 14 and 20 days fol- Concentrate coated samples was reduced by 35 - 40%
lowing application. Thin sections were taken from each compared to the controls. Following initial carbonation,
core in order to examine hairline cracks utilizing a polar- one set of samples was coated with Xypex Concentrate
izing and fluorescent microscope (PFM). In each case, to model old concrete already damaged by carbonation.
there was evidence of the Xypex crystalline structure For these specimens, testing indicated that carbonation
in the cracks to a depth of about 20 mm. Photographs was arrested and in one specimen reduced.
taken this depth at 100x magnification showed the Xypex
crystalline structure had reduced the width of the cracks FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
dramatically. ASTM C 672, “Standard Test Method for Scaling
Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE De-Icing Chemicals”, Twin City Testing Lab,
ASTM C 267, “Chemical Resistance to Mortars”, St. Paul, USA
Pacific Testing Labs, Seattle, USA Xypex-treated samples restricted chloride ion concen-
Xypex-treated cylinders and untreated cylinders were tration to below the level necessary to promote electro-
exposed to hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, toluene, min- lytic corrosion of reinforcing steel. Visual examination of
eral oil, ethelyne glycol, pool chlorine, brake fluid and untreated panels after 50 freeze/thaw cycles showed a
other chemicals. Results indicated that chemical expo- marked increase in surface deterioration compared to
sure did not have any detrimental effects on the Xypex Xypex-treated samples.
34
RADIATION RESISTANCE Note:
U.S.A. Standard No. N69, “Protective Coatings 1. For best results when applying dry shake materials, the
for the Nuclear Industry”, Pacific Testing Labs, air content of the concrete should not exceed 3% (a high
Seattle, USA air content can make it difficult to achieve a proper appli-
After exposure to 5.76 x 104 rads of gamma radiation, the cation). If a higher entrained air content is specified (e.g.
Xypex treated specimens displayed no ill effects. for concrete that will be exposed to freezing and thaw-
ing), contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
Application Procedures Chemical Corporation for further application information.
1. Fresh concrete is placed, consolidated and levelled. 2. Chronic moving cracks or joints will require a suitable
2. Wait until concrete can be walked on leaving an inden- flexible sealant.
tation of 1/4 - 3/8 in. (6.5 - 9.5 mm). Concrete should be 3. For certain concrete mix designs, we recommend a
free of bleed water and be able to support the weight of a test panel be produced and evaluated for finishing. For
power trowel. Then, float open the surface. example, higher performance concrete with a low water/
3. Immediately after floating open the surface, apply the cement ratio, air entrainment, superplasticizers, or silica
dry shake material by hand or mechanical spreader. The fume may reduce bleed water and make the concrete
dry shake material must be spread evenly. more difficult to finish.
4. As soon as the dry shake material has absorbed mois- 4. For increased abrasion resistance, spray-apply Xypex
ture from the base slab, it must be floated into the sur- Quickset following curing of the DS-1 application. The
face. The DS-1 powder must be thoroughly worked into Xypex Quickset mix ratio is one part Quickset to one
the cement paste using a float (not a trowel). Failure to part water by volume. The recommended coverage rate
utilize a float for this process could result in damage to is 150 ft.2/U.S. gallon (14 m2/litre).
the hardened surface (i.e. flaking, blistering or peeling).
Technical Services
5. When concrete has hardened sufficiently, power trow- For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
el surface to the required finish. or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
Note: treatment with other products or technologies, contact
i. Environmental conditions (e.g. hot or cold tempera- the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
tures) may affect the application and installation of the cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Dry Shake powder. In hot, dry or windy conditions where Representative.
evaporation of bleed water is occurring, the DS-1 powder
should be applied immediately after Step 1 above (i.e. Safe Handling Information
screeding). Keep top of slab from premature drying to Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
ensure homogeneous mixture of DS-1 powder into con- Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
crete paste. It is advisable to use an evaporation retar- Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
dant on the fresh concrete. on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
ii. It is common that edges of a slab wall will set up earlier Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
than the main body of concrete. Such edge areas can be and safety information for the protection of workers and
dry-shaked and finished with hand tools prior to proceed- customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
ing with application to the main body of concrete. Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
iii. Consult with Xypex’s Technical Services Department
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
or your local Xypex Technical Services Representative
regarding the optimum concrete performance under a
Warranty
variety of conditions during application of DS-1.
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
Curing
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
Curing is important and should begin as soon as final set
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
has occurred but before surface starts to dry. Conven-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
tional moist curing procedures such as water spray, wet
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
burlap or plastic covers may be used. Curing should con-
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
tinue for at least 48 hours. In hot, dry, sunny conditions,
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
consult manufacturer for specific instructions. In lieu of
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
moist curing, concrete sealers and curing compounds
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
meeting ASTM C 309 may be used.
liability in connection therewith.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1990-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
35
36
CONCENTRATE DS-2 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline • Concrete Waterproofing
37
two replicate sets of blocks were left untreated. Water coating. Tests following chemical exposure measured an
filled containers were tightly sealed onto the opposite average 17% higher compressive strength in the Xypex-
face of the treated blocks and one set of the untreated treated specimens over the untreated control samples.
blocks while the third untreated block set was kept in the
laboratory as a control. Humidity probes were installed in IWATE University Technical Report,
“Resistance to Acid Attack”, Tokyo, Japan
6 mm diameter holes that were drilled to within 30 - 40
mm of the water exposed surface. Mass humidity was
recorded at intervals of 28, 45, 90, 125 and 132 days.
Final results showed that the Xypex-treated specimens
had an average humidity reading of 4.6%, the untreated
sample measured 7.9% and the control block with no Before Immersion After 5 Weeks After 10 Weeks
water exposure was 4.4%, essentially equivalent to the
Xypex specimens’ results. The Xypex reactive chemicals Xypex-treated mortar and untreated mortar were mea-
had diffused at least 190 mm in 132 days. sured for acid resistance after exposure to a 5% H2SO4
solution for 100 days. Xypex suppressed concrete ero-
“An Enhancement in the Nature of Concrete with sion to 1/8 of the reference samples.
a Multiplicative Cement Crystal-Type Concrete
Material”, Central Research Laboratory of Nikki ASTM C876 “Influence of Xypex Coating System
Shoji in Association with Hosei University, Japan on Residual Service Life of Concrete Structures”
A 60 cm x 70 cm x 40 cm concrete Durability Assessment Section, Xypex Australia
block was cast and a Concentrate A bridge pier exposed to seawater in a tidal splash zone
coating was applied to the surface for over 40 years experienced different types of deteriora-
and cured. The block was left out- tion mechanisms including surface abrasion (skin loss),
doors for approximately 1 year. Sub- cracking, and corrosion of steel reinforcement. Corrosion
sequently, a 40 cm (15.75 in.) long monitoring was conducted before and six months after
cylinder was then cored perpendicu- application of Xypex Concentrate. This non-destructive
lar to the Xypex treatment and cut into 18 slices of equal testing (NDT) included a measurement of the corrosion
length. SEM photographs utilizing a 1000x magnification rate, corrosion potential, and concrete resistivity. Results
were taken of slices from various depths from the treated indicated a reduction of corrosion rate and corrosion
surface to determine the extent of crystalline growth. potential up to 50% and 40% respectively, and significant
While the crystalline structure was most dense in speci- enhancement of the concrete resistivity.
mens located closest to the treated surface, there was
RILEM CPC-18 “Carbonation Resistance of
evidence of the crystalline structure at 30 cm (12 inches)
Samples Treated with a Xypex Concentrate Coating”,
from the treated surface. Construction and Maintenance Technology Research
Center (CONTEC), Sirindhorn International Institute
CRACK SEALING
of Technology (SIIT) – Thammasat University,
ASTM C856 “Standard Practice for Petrographic Bangkok, Thailand
Examination of Hardened Concrete”, Setsco Services Control and Xypex Concentrate coated samples were
Pte, Ltd., Singapore carbonated in an accelerated carbonation chamber. The
A coat of Xypex Concentrate was applied to a slab that average depths of carbonation were measured at 28, 56,
had developed numerous hairline cracks. To determine 77 and 91 days. The depth of carbonation of these Xypex
the crack sealing ability of the Xypex treatment, cores were Concentrate coated samples was reduced by 35 - 40%
extracted from a slab at 3, 10, 14 and 20 days following compared to the controls. Following initial carbonation,
application. Thin sections were taken from each core in one set of samples was coated with Xypex Concentrate
order to examine hairline cracks utilizing a polarizing and to model old concrete already damaged by carbonation.
fluorescent microscope (PFM). In each case, there was For these specimens, testing indicated that carbonation
evidence of the Xypex crystalline structure in the cracks to was arrested and in one specimen reduced.
a depth of about 20 mm. Photographs taken this depth at
100x magnification showed the Xypex crystalline structure FREEZE/THAW DURABILITY
had reduced the width of the cracks dramatically. ASTM C 672, “Standard Test Method for Scaling
Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE De-Icing Chemicals”, Twin City Testing Lab,
ASTM C 267, “Chemical Resistance to Mortars”, St. Paul, USA
Pacific Testing Labs, Seattle, USA Xypex-treated samples restricted chloride ion concen-
Xypex-treated cylinders and untreated cylinders were tration to below the level necessary to promote electro-
exposed to hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, toluene, min- lytic corrosion of reinforcing steel. Visual examination of
eral oil, ethelyne glycol, pool chlorine, brake fluid and untreated panels after 50 freeze/thaw cycles showed a
other chemicals. Results indicated that chemical expo- marked increase in surface deterioration compared to
sure did not have any detrimental effects on the Xypex Xypex-treated samples.
38
RADIATION RESISTANCE evaporation of bleed water is occurring, the DS-2 powder
U.S.A. Standard No. N69, “Protective Coatings should be applied immediately after Step 1 above (i.e.
for the Nuclear Industry”, Pacific Testing Labs, screeding). Keep top of slab from premature drying to
Seattle, USA ensure homogeneous mixture of DS-2 powder into con-
After exposure to 5.76 x 104 rads of gamma radiation, crete paste. It is advisable to use an evaporation retar-
the Xypex treatment revealed no ill effects or damages. dant on the fresh concrete.
ABRASION RESISTANCE ii. It is common that edges of a slab wall will set up earlier
ASTM C 501-84, “Taber Abrasion”, AGRA Earth than the main body of concrete. Such edge areas can be
& Environment Ltd./James Neill & Associates, dry-shaked and finished with hand tools prior to proceed-
Vancouver, Canada ing with application to the main body of concrete.
Since 1978 various tests have been performed on con-
iii. Consult with Xypex’s Technical Services Department
crete specimens containing the non-metallic/synthetic
or your local Xypex Technical Services Representative
hardener utilized in Xypex DS-2. Testing included the
regarding the optimum concrete performance under a
evaluation of concrete specimens for abrasion resistance
variety of conditions during application of DS-2.
as measured by mass loss (Taber Abrasion). The concrete
control samples used in the tests exhibited an average
mass loss of 6.0 grams, while subsequent taber abra-
Curing
sion testing of concrete treated with Xypex DS-2 showed Curing is important and should begin as soon as final set
a mass loss of 3.3 grams. Xypex Quickset was then has occurred but before surface starts to dry. Conven-
applied to samples treated with Xypex DS-2 and mass tional moist curing procedures such as water spray, wet
loss was further reduced to 2.2 grams. Test results indi- burlap or plastic covers may be used. Curing should con-
cate that use of Xypex DS-2 significantly improves the tinue for at least 48 hours. In hot, dry, sunny conditions,
abrasion resistance of concrete. consult manufacturer for specific instructions. In lieu of
moist curing, concrete sealers and curing compounds
Application Procedures meeting ASTM C 309 may be used.
1. Fresh concrete is placed, consolidated and levelled. Note:
1. For best results when applying dry shake materials, the
2. Wait until concrete can be walked on leaving an inden-
air content of the concrete should not exceed 3% (a high
tation of 1/4 - 3/8 in. (6.5 - 9.5 mm). Concrete should be
air content can make it difficult to achieve a proper appli-
free of bleed water and be able to support the weight of a
cation). If a higher entrained air content is specified (e.g.
power trowel. Then, float open the surface.
for concrete that will be exposed to freezing and thaw-
3. Immediately after floating open the surface, apply one- ing), contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
half of the dry shake material by hand or mechanical Chemical Corporation for further application information.
spreader. The dry shake material must be spread evenly.
2. Chronic moving cracks or joints will require a suitable
4. As soon as the dry shake material has absorbed mois- flexible sealant.
ture from the base slab, it must be floated into the surface.
3. For certain concrete mix designs, we recommend a
The DS-2 powder must be thoroughly worked into the
test panel be produced and evaluated for finishing. For
cement paste using a float (not a trowel). Failure to uti-
example, higher performance concrete with a low water/
lize a float for this process could result in damage to the
cement ratio, air entrainment, superplasticizers, or silica
hardened surface (i.e. flaking, blistering or peeling).
fume may reduce bleed water and make the concrete
5. Immediately after power floating, apply remaining dry more difficult to finish.
shake material at right angles to the first application.
4. To further enhance the surface, spray-apply Xypex
6. Allow remaining dry shake material to absorb moisture Quickset following curing of the DS-2 application. The
from the base slab and then power float the material into Xypex Quickset mix ratio is one part Quickset to one part
the surface. Again, it is essential that the DS-2 powder water by volume. The recommended coverage rate is
is thoroughly worked into the cement paste using a float 150 ft.2/U.S. gallon (14 m2/litre).
(not a trowel).
Technical Services
7. When concrete has hardened sufficiently, power trow- For more instructions, alternative application / curing
el surface to the required finish. methods, or information concerning the compatibility of
the Xypex treatment with other products or technologies,
Note:
contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
i. Environmental conditions (e.g. hot or cold tempera-
Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Technical
tures) may affect the application and installation of the
Services Representative.
Dry Shake powder. In hot, dry or windy conditions where
39
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Warranty
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
40 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1990-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
PATCH’N PLUG 1.2
Patching & Resurfacing • Concrete Waterproofing
41
a. With a hammer drill or chipping gun, if it is possible, Certification
without damaging the rebar, deepen the slot an addition-
Xypex Patch’n Plug satisfies the requirements of EN
al 1 inch (25 mm) at the point of greatest water flow.
1504-3; Initial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN 1504-3
b. Place a stiff section of hose or pipe into the cavity and was certified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
secure in place with Patch’n Plug to force water through
the hose. Stop the water flow in the remainder of the slot Safe Handling Information
per the directions above (i.e. form plug with gloved hand Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
and press plug firmly into the cavity until it is hard.) This Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
relieves the pressure so that the area can be patched. Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
Allow a minimum of 24 hours for hardening. on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
c. Remove bleeder hose and plug remaining hole. If Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
necessary, reduce water flow by inserting steel wool or and safety information for the protection of workers and
wooden plug in the remaining hole before patching. customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
Patching Instructions cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
1. SURFACE PREPARATION Chip out faulty concrete Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
until sound substrate is reached. Remove all loose mate-
rials from area and saturate with clean water. Allow water Warranty
to be absorbed into the concrete, then remove excess The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
water. tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
2. MIXING For fast repairs to concrete or masonry, add products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
water to Patch’n Plug powder (1 part water to 3 - 3.5 facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
parts powder by volume). Mix to a workable mortar con- ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
sistency and trowel on as required. For large repairs, we merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
recommend utilizing Xypex Megamix II. Alternatively, this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
mix 2 parts Patch’n Plug powder with 1 part mason sand or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
or small aggregate (3/8 in. or 10 mm minus crushed product for his intended use and assume all risks and
stone); utilize a similar water / powder ratio as above to liability in connection therewith.
create a workable mortar.
Abnormal Temperatures
During above normal ambient temperatures, mixing
water should not exceed 90ºF (32ºC) and Xypex Patch’n
Plug material should not exceed 70ºF (21ºC). Below
normal ambient temperatures will retard the setting time
of Patch’n Plug. In this situation, Xypex materials should
be stored at normal temperatures (see Storage). Tem-
perature of mixing water can be moderated to either in-
crease or decrease the set time. Do not use Patch’n Plug
where the substrate’s temperature is below 40ºF (4ºC).
Contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex for
your particular application.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
13
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
42 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1978-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
MEGAMIX I 1.2
Patching & Resurfacing • Concrete Rehabilitation
43
4. APPLYING MEGAMIX I Ensure surface is saturated, Certification
surface dry (SSD) just prior to application. Apply Me-
Xypex Megamix I satisfies the requirements of EN 1504-
gamix I at a rate of 0.6 to 1.3 lb./sq. ft. (2.9 to 6.4 m2)
3; Initial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN 1504-3 was
to produce a coating thickness of between 1/16 in. and
certified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
1/8 in. (1.6 mm to 3.2 mm) depending on the porosity of
the substrate. For spray application contact the Technical Safe Handling Information
Services Department of Xypex Chemical Corporation or
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
your local Xypex Technical Services Representative for
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
specific details.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
For applications such as concrete block walls where on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
Xypex Concentrate is to be used as the initial coat in maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
a two-coat system, the Concentrate coating should be Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
installed as per the manufacturer’s standard instructions. and safety information for the protection of workers and
The recommended application thickness for a cap-coat customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
is 1/8 in. (3.2 mm). Megamix I should be applied over Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
the Concentrate coating after the Concentrate has set cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
and hardened for 12 - 24 hours. During this time, moist Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
cure the Xypex Concentrate coating per the Xypex prod-
uct data sheet instructions. Maintain the Concentrate Warranty
coating in a SSD condition during the installation of the The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
Megamix I as a cap-coat. The Megamix I coating should tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
not be applied later than 48 hours after the application of consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
Xypex Concentrate. products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
Note: ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
i. Setting time can vary under differing ambient and con- merchantability or fitness for the particular purpose and
crete surface temperatures during application. the warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
ii. Megamix I should not be mixed and placed at temper-
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
atures below 39ºF (3ºC) or above 86ºF (30ºC). Contact
liability in connection therewith.
the Technical Department of Xypex Chemical Corpora-
tion or your local Xypex Technical Services Representa-
tive for technical support in such situations.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application / curing
methods, or information concerning the compatibility of
the Xypex treatment with other products or technologies,
contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Technical
Services Representative.
14
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
44 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2003-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
MEGAMIX II 1.2
Patching & Resurfacing • Concrete Rehabilitation
45
mm) - 3/4” (19 mm) preferred. Remove dust, micro frac- out being disturbed. The Xypex Concentrate must then
tured particles and foreign material from the repair area be mist cured for as long as required to ensure a 3 day
by pressure washing or other suitable means necessary wet cure of the Megamix II below it. Gamma Cure alone
to clean surface to obtain desired bond. A roughened is not sufficient for curing a Concentrate on Megamix II
surface texture such as ICRI CSP 5 or greater is typically installation.
required to achieve adequate bond. Maintain surface in
saturated surface dry (SSD) condition for application of iii. Xypex Xycrylic Admix at 2 parts water to 1 part Xycryl-
Megamix II mortar. ic dilution may be used as mix liquid in place of water to
improve adhesive bond. The use of Xycrylic may reduce
2. MIXING PROCEDURES Best results are achieved compressive strength and change other published engi-
using a mechanical mortar mixer and paddle with a neering properties of Megamix II. Contact the Xypex Tech-
capacity for low speed continuous blending. For small nical Services Representative for additional information.
quantities of material a paddle mixer can be substituted.
Mix typically requires 0.91 to 0.94 U.S. gallons of water 4. APPLICATION THICKNESS The thickness of the
per 55 lb bag or (3.45 to 3.55 litres per 25 kg bag). Megamix II application will depend on specific job site
Use only sufficient clean water to create a medium to conditions and requirements. As a general guide, ap-
stiff mortar consistency. Add approximately 90% of the plication thickness should be between 3/8 in. and 2 in.
required amount of water to a mixer and then add the (10 mm and 50 mm). Single layer thickness for spray
Megamix II powder. Mix briefly and add additional water application will depend on equipment and applicator
to achieve the required consistency (do not exceed skill, but may be up to 2 in. (50 mm) vertical and 1.5 in.
maximum water without consulting a Xypex Technical (40 mm) overhead. Roughen or score the surface be-
Services Representative). Mix 3 - 5 minutes to achieve a fore applying successive layers and apply immediately
uniform consistency. Over mixing or delivery delays may following initial set.
result in product stiffening. Do not over water.
Note:
3. APPLYING MEGAMIX II Spray the repair area with i. For any application greater than 2 in. (50 mm) thickness
clean water and allow the surface to come to a saturat- contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
ed, surface dry (SSD) condition. Maintain concrete sub- Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Technical
strate in this condition during the application process. For Services Representative.
improved bond, apply scrub coat of Megamix II onto
ii. Megamix Ii can be extended wwith clean 3/8” (10 mm)
prepared surface using a stiff bristle brush. Apply full
coarse aggregate in specific applications. Consult Xypex
coat of Megamix II while scrub coat is still wet (gener-
Technical Services Representative.
ally within 20 minutes). When applying Megamix II by
low pressure spray equipment, use sufficient velocity 5. CURING Curing is essential to achieve optimum qual-
to compact and build the thickness of the mortar. The ity and durability of the repair mortar. Cure Megamix II
spray nozzle should have a minimum 0.5 in. (12.5 mm) using moist curing methods. For moist curing, apply
orifice to prevent clogging. Spray-apply Megamix II, continuous source of moisture by spray, or utilize wet
at a right angle to surface, at a distance of 18 - 24 in. burlap and polyethylene sheet or other suitable means
(450 - 600 mm). When applying Megamix II with a trowel for a minimum of 3 days. Containment structures (i.e.
ensure that the Megamix II is fully consolidated and reservoirs, tanks, etc.) can be filled with water following
worked well into the scrub coat and substrate. Complete 3 days moist curing of the Megamix II coating. When
finishing operations as quickly as possible. Megamix II using a 2:1 water to Xycrylic Admix blend as the mix
can be finished to varying surface textures, including liquid, wet curing should not be done except in extremely
a rough finish directly from spraying nozzle, to semi- hot and dry conditions. In these conditions consult Xypex
smooth using a wood or rubber float or smooth using a Technical Services.
steel trowel.
Note:
Note: i. In most cases early curing procedures will be required
i. For a recommendation regarding the specific type of prior to final set. This typically involves use of fog spray.
equipment required for the mixing and for the spray
application of Megamix II, contact the Technical Services ii. Megamix II should not be mixed and placed at tem-
Department of Xypex Chemical Corporation. peratures below 39ºF (3ºC) or above 86ºF (30ºC). Pro-
tect from rapid evaporation (hot and/or cold and windy
ii. For enhanced chemical protection and crack healing conditions).
of the substrate Xypex Concentrate may be applied to
broom finished surface of the Xypex Megamix II as soon
as the surface will accept the Xypex Concentrate with-
46
iii. The use of curing compounds (e.g. ASTM C 308) may
be acceptable in certain conditions. Contact the Techni-
cal Services Department of Xypex Chemical Corporation
or your local Xypex Technical Services Representative.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application / curing
methods, or information concerning the compatibility of
the Xypex treatment with other products or technologies,
contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Technical
Services Representative.
Certification
Xypex Megamix II satisfies the requirements of EN
1504-3; Initial Type Testing (ITT) according to EN 1504-3
was certified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Warranty
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
14
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2003-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
47
48
MEGAMIX II WITH BIO-SAN 1.2
Concrete Rehabilitation and Protection Against Microbial Induced
Corrosion and Chemical Attack
Description Storage
Xypex Megamix II with Bio-San is a resurfacing mortar Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem-
specifically designed for the restoration of deteriorated perature of 45ºF (7ºC). Shelf life is one year.
concrete surfaces caused by microbial induced corro-
sion, abrasion/erosion and chemical attack. It is formu- Coverage
lated for ease of application, superior bond, low shrink- At 1/2 in. (12.5 mm) thickness, each 55 lb. (25 kg) bag of
age, high strength and resistance to microbial, acid and Megamix II with Bio-San will cover 11.3 sq. ft. (1.05 m2).
sulphate attack. Xypex Megamix II with Bio-San is a
one component mortar and can be spray or trowel ap- Laboratory Test Data
plied at a thickness of 3/8 to 2 in. (10 - 50 mm) per layer.
The high performance characteristics of Megamix II with Compressive Strength (ASTM C 109)1
Bio-San are enhanced by Xypex’s unique crystalline @ 24 hrs 2600 psi 18 MPa
waterproofing and protection technology. In most appli- @ 3 days 4600 psi 32 MPa
cations, such as manhole resurfacing, Megamix II with @ 7 days 6100 psi 42 MPa
@ 28 days 7700 psi 53 MPa
Bio-San can be used to replace epoxy linings and cal-
cium aluminate repair mortars. Flexural Strength (ASTM C 78)
@ 28 days 1190 psi 8.2 MPa
Megamix II with Bio-San contains bioactive mineral
solids which fix permanently within the repair mortar Splitting Tensile Strength (ASTM C 496)
matrix impairing bio-film formation, thus limiting microbial
@ 28 days 603 psi 4.2 MPa
induced corrosion of the repaired surface in sewer en-
vironments. It significantly extends the life of sewer and Direct Tensile Bond Strength to Concrete
waste water infrastructure by inhibiting the growth of acid (ASTM C 1583)
causing sewer bacteria such as Thiobacillus that cause @ 90 days 330 psi 2.3 MPa
MIC (microbial induced corrosion).
Elastic Modulus (EN 13412)
49
Test Data to clean surface to obtain desired bond. A roughened
surface texture such as ICRI CSP 5 or greater is typically
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT & CORROSION RATE
required to achieve adequate bond. Maintain surface in
ISO 22196 (Modified) Evaluation of Antimicrobial saturated surface dry (SSD) condition for application of
Effect of Xypex Bio-San C500 and Corrosion Rate”, Megamix II with Bio-San mortar.
McGrath Engineering Ltd, North Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada 2. MIXING PROCEDURES Best results are achieved us-
Xypex Bio-San C500 was added at 1% dosage rate to ing a mechanical mortar mixer and paddle with a capacity
Portland cement mortar and compared to untreated con- for low speed continuous blending. For small quantities
trol samples for antimicrobial performance. A substantial of material a paddle mixer can be substituted. Mix typi-
reduction in the sewer bacteria Thiobacillus novellus / cally requires 0.91 to 0.94 U.S. gallons of water per
Starkeya novella was found indicating a definite antimi- 55 lb bag or (3.45 to 3.55 litres per 25 kg bag). Use only
crobial effect. sufficient clean water to create a medium to stiff mortar
consistency. Add approximately 90% of the required
600,000
amount of water to a mixer and then add the Megamix
II with Bio-San powder. Mix briefly and add additional
24 hr Bacterial Concentration
500,000
water to achieve the required consistency (do not exceed
400,000
600,000
maximum water without consulting Xypex Technical Ser-
300,000 vices Representative). Mix 3 - 5 minutes to achieve a
24 hr Bacterial Concentration
500,000
200,000 uniform consistency. Over mixing or delivery delays may
400,000 result in product stiffening. Do not over water.
100,000
300,000
0
3. APPLYING MEGAMIX II WITH BIO-SAN Spray the
200,000 Control Bio-San C500 repair area with clean water and allow the surface to
100,000
come to a saturated, surface dry (SSD) condition. Main-
Concrete was cast in 100 x 200 mm cylinders with both tain concrete substrate in this condition during the ap-
control and
0 treated mixes. A wastewater facility was plication process. For improved bond, apply scrub coat
Control Bio-San C500
chosen that had elevated H2S levels and substantial of Megamix II with Bio-San onto prepared surface us-
existing MIC corrosion damage.Test samples were sus- ing a stiff bristle brush. Apply full coat of Megamix II with
pended in the air space of the tank for 10 years. Expo- Bio-San while scrub coat is still wet (generally within
Corrosion
sure trials showed Rate
that treated at 50had
concrete ppmnineHtimes
S
1.2
2 20 minutes). When applying Megamix II with Bio-San
less concrete mass loss compared to control samples. by low pressure spray equipment, use sufficient veloc-
Corrosion Rate (relative to Control)
1.0 0.6
II with Bio-San, at a right angle to surface, at a distance
0.8 0.4 of 18 - 24 in. (450 - 600 mm). When applying Megamix
II with Bio-San with a trowel ensure that the Megamix II
0.6 0.2
with Bio-San is fully consolidated and worked well into
0
0.4
Control Bio-San C500
the scrub coat and substrate. Complete finishing opera-
0.2 tions as quickly as possible. Megamix II with Bio-San
0
can be finished to varying surface textures, including a
Control Bio-San C500 rough finish directly from spraying nozzle, to semi-smooth
using a wood or rubber float or smooth using a steel
After exposure of 10 years, the bacterial concentration
trowel.
on the treated samples was minimal, indicating contin-
ued antimicrobial action and efficacy. Note:
i. For a recommendation regarding the specific type of
Application Procedures equipment required for the mixing and for the spray
1. SURFACE PREPARATION Remove loose, delami- application of Megamix II with Bio-San, contact the
nated or unsound concrete by high pressure water blast, Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemical
chipping, or other means. Complete structural or rein- Corporation.
forcing steel corrosion repairs as necessary. Saw cut
perimeter of repair area to a minimum depth of 3/8” (10 ii. Megamix II with Bio-San can be extended with clean
mm) – 3/4” (19 mm) preferred. Remove dust, micro frac- 3/8” (10 mm) coarse aggregate in specific applications.
tured particles and foreign material from the repair area Consult Xypex Technical Services Representative.
by pressure washing or other suitable means necessary
50
4. APPLICATION THICKNESS The thickness of the Safe Handling Information
Megamix II with Bio-San application will depend on spe-
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
cific job site conditions and requirements. As a general
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation. Direc-
guide, application thickness should be between 3/8 in.
tions for treating these problems are clearly detailed on
and 2 in. (10 mm and 50 mm). Single layer thickness for
all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
spray application will depend on equipment and applica-
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
tor skill, but may be up to 2 in. (50 mm) vertical and 1.5
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
in. (40 mm) overhead. Roughen or score the surface be-
and safety information for the protection of workers and
fore applying successive layers and apply immediately
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
following initial set.
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
Note: cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
i. For any application greater than 2 in. (50 mm) thick-
ness contact the Technical Services Department of
Warranty
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative. The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
ii. Prior to the installation, it is recommended that a test consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
section be completed under anticipated ambient and products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
project conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond. facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
5. CURING Curing is essential to achieve optimum qual- merchantability or fitness for the particular purpose and
ity and durability of the repair mortar. Cure Megamix II the warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
with Bio-San using moist curing methods. For moist cur- or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
ing, apply continuous source of moisture by spray, or uti- product for his intended use and assume all risks and
lize wet burlap and polyethylene sheet or other suitable liability in connection therewith.
means for a minimum of 3 days. Containment structures
(i.e. reservoirs, tanks, etc.) can be filled with water follow-
ing 3 days moist curing of the Megamix II coating.
Note:
i. In most cases early curing procedures will be required
prior to final set. This typically involves use of fog spray.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application / curing
methods, or information concerning the compatibility of
the Xypex treatment with other products or technologies,
contact the Technical Services Department of Xypex
Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Technical
Services Representative.
Certification
Xypex Megamix II with Bio-San satisfies the require-
ments of EN 1504-3; Initial Type Testing (ITT) according
to EN 1504-3 was certified by BSI as the Notifying Body.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2018-2019 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
51
52
RESTORA-TOP 50 1.2
030100 Maintenance of Concrete • Concrete Restoration
Description Coverage
XYPEX RESTORA-TOP 50 is one of three Xypex prod- At 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) thickness, each 55 lb. (25 kg) pail of
ucts specifically formulated for the repair and rehabilita- Restora-Top 50 will cover 24.8 sq. ft. (2.4 m2). For brush
tion of horizontal concrete surfaces. Xypex Restora-Top or broom applications, the yield will vary with the thick-
50 is used for the patching or resurfacing of deteriorated ness and texture required. Each 55 lb. (25 kg) pail will
concrete up to 1/2 in. (12 mm) thick. It is used on sur- cover an area of approximately 105 - 115 sq. ft. (10 - 11 m2)
faces where light traffic conditions exist. Xypex Restora- for a brush or broom application.
Top 50 consists of specially modified Portland cement,
aggregates, admixtures and bonding agents combined Physical Properties
in controlled proportions to provide excellent adhesion Water Requirement
properties as well as reduced shrinkage.
0.936 U.S. gallons (3.6 litres) per 55 lb. (25 kg) pail
Recommended for: Flow, ASTM C 230
• Concrete Floors
115% - 125%
• Driveways
• Decks Working Time at 68ºF (20ºC)
• Patios
30 - 40 minutes
• Steps
• Walkways Compressive Strength, CAN3 - A23.2 - 1B
• Curbs @ 1 day 2460 psi 17 MPa
• Rain Damaged Slabs @ 7 days 4930 psi 34 MPa
• Levelling Course for Thin Set Mortars @ 28 days 5510 psi 38 MPa
53
5. When broom applying, first work Restora-Top 50 into
the surface with a stiff bristle broom before lightly broom-
ing to obtain an even surface texture.
Curing
Because of the bonding and water retaining agents
included in the mix, Restora-Top 50 does not normally
require moist curing or protection. However, when applied
in hot or windy conditions, Restora-Top 50 may require
protection from rapid moisture loss by lightly spraying
with water as necessary or by covering with a sheet of
plastic.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Warranty
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
54 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1990-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
RESTORA-TOP 100 1.2
030100 Maintenance of Concrete • Concrete Restoration
Advantages Note:
• Excellent adhesion to existing concrete surfaces i. The typical properties noted above are based on mix-
• Traffic-ready in two to four hours ing the Restora-Top 100 with sufficient water to provide a
• Easy to use – just add water and mix slump of 3.5 to 4 in. (90 - 100 mm). These properties are
• Rapid set and strength gain based on mixing and curing the product at 70ºF (21ºC).
• Suitable for indoor and outdoor use
• VOC compliant ii. Compressive strength determined on 2 in. (50 mm)
cube specimens, moist cured at 73º ± 3ºF (23º ± 2ºC)
Limitations after 24 hours.
Restora-Top 100 should not be mixed and placed at tem-
peratures below 37ºF (3ºC) or above 86ºF (30ºC). Protec- Application Procedures
tion from direct sunlight is desirable under hot or windy 1. Remove loose or unsound concrete by chipping, saw
conditions. Use only as a patching or filling material. cutting, or other mechanical means. It is preferable to
have a minimum repair thickness of 1/2 in. (12 mm) with
Packaging square cut edges. Feather edging is not recommended.
Xypex Restora-Top 100 is available in 55 lb. (25 kg) pails.
2. Remove dust and foreign material from the repair area.
Storage 3. Saturate the repair area with water. Just as the concrete
Xypex products must be stored dry at a minimum tem- surface becomes dry, place the Restora-Top 100 material.
perature of 45ºF (7ºC).
4. Add approximately 3/4 of the required water to the
Coverage mixing container (0.39 U.S. gallons / 1.5 litres of water is
At 1 in. (25 mm) thickness, each 55 lb. (25 kg) pail of usually sufficient at this stage for each 55 lb. / 25 kg pail
Restora-Top 100 will cover approximately 5.7 sq. ft. (0.52 of product). While mixing, gradually add the Restora-Top
m2) or yield approximately 0.43 ft.3 (12.1 litres) of repair 100 powder to the water. Add more water as required
materials. to obtain the desired consistency. Do not exceed 0.86
U.S. gallons (3.3 litres) of water per 55 lb. (25 kg) pail of
Restora-Top 100.
55
5. Mix until thoroughly blended and until required con- Warranty
sistency has been obtained. Normally a 2 minute mixing
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
time is adequate. If the Restora-Top begins to harden or
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
set, discard the mix. Do not add more water to the mixing
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
container.
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
6. Place the mixed material as rapidly as possible and facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
work the mix well into the prepared concrete surface to ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
ensure freedom from voids and to obtain proper bonding. merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
7. Complete finishing operations as quickly as possible or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
and be sure to clean the mixing container between batch- product for his intended use and assume all risks and
es. Partially set material in the mixer can accelerate the liability in connection therewith.
setting of subsequent batches.
Note: During cold weather the use of hot water, and stor-
age of Restora-Top 100 in a warm, dry place before use
will prevent excessively long setting times.
Curing
1. After final set, moist curing of Restora-Top 100 for 24
hours is recommended.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
56 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1990-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
RESTORA-TOP 200 1.2
030100 Maintenance of Concrete • Concrete Restoration
57
5. Mix until thoroughly blended and until required con- Warranty
sistency has been obtained. Normally a 2 minute mixing
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
time is adequate. If the Restora-Top begins to harden or
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
set, discard the mix. Do not add more water to the mixing
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
container.
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
6. Place the mixed material as rapidly as possible and facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
work the mix well into the prepared concrete surface to ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
ensure freedom from voids and to obtain proper bonding. merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
7. Complete finishing operations as quickly as possible or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
and be sure to clean the mixing container between batch- product for his intended use and assume all risks and
es. Partially set material in the mixer can accelerate the liability in connection therewith.
setting of subsequent batches.
Note: During cold weather the use of hot water, and stor-
age of Restora-Top 200 in a warm, dry place before use
will prevent excessively long setting times.
Curing
1. After final set, moist curing of Restora-Top 200 for 24
hours is recommended.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative application methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Safe Handling Information
Xypex is alkaline. As a cementitious powder or mixture,
Xypex may cause significant skin and eye irritation.
Directions for treating these problems are clearly detailed
on all Xypex pails and packaging. The Manufacturer also
maintains comprehensive and up-to-date Safety Data
Sheets on all its products. Each sheet contains health
and safety information for the protection of workers and
customers. The Manufacturer recommends you contact
Xypex Chemical Corporation or your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative to obtain copies of Safety
Data Sheets prior to product storage or use.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
58 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1990-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
FCM 80 1.2
Flexible Cementitious Membrane • Concrete Waterproofing
Description Properties
Xypex FCM 80 is specifically designed for repairing Solids Content (liquid component – EN ISO 3251)
cracks subject to movement, sealing construction joints,
Solids Content (%) 54
restoring deteriorated concrete, and waterproofing con-
crete structures. FCM 80 has exceptional adhesive and Viscosity (liquid component – EN ISO 3219)
elongation characteristics and is often used in conjunc-
Dynamic Viscosity (MPa) 50 - 155
tion with the Xypex Crystalline Concrete Waterproofing
and Protection System. FCM is a two component product Glass Transition Temperature (liquid component)
consisting of a specialized liquid polymer dispersion and
Tg -49°C
a cementitious powder. These components are mixed
just prior to application. Liquid Water Permeability (EN 1062-1 Table 5)
59
3. Pressure wash cracks to remove loose material. iv. If significant crack movement is anticipated, a “bond-
breaker” is recommended. Simply place 3/4 in. (19.1 mm)
4. Mix 3 parts Xypex Concentrate and 1 part Patch’n wide Scotch Linerless Rubber Splicing Tape 130C over
Plug with 1 part water by volume to a stiff mortar consis- the top of the crack or joint prior to applying the FCM
tency and pack tightly into groove. Air cure minimum of membrane. This will allow for further elongation of the
40 minutes. FCM material.
5. Trowel-apply first coat of FCM 80 to a width of 4 - 6 in. v. Overall waterproofing system details such as penetra-
(10 - 15 cm) and a thickness of 1/16 in. (1.5 mm). Allow tions, perimeters, upturns, drainage, protection systems,
first coat to dry for six hours, then apply second coat of etc. are the responsibility of the designer and / or users.
FCM 80 at the same rate to a total membrane thickness
of 1/8 in. (3 mm). The second coat should be applied at Curing
right angles to the first coat.
Xypex FCM 80 does not require any special curing
Against a Flow of Water procedures other than maintaining coating above 50ºF
1. Follow the same preparation procedures as above (i.e. (10ºC) for a period of 24 hours after application. The
cleaning, saw cutting, power washing). FCM dries within 5 to 6 hours of application at 68ºF
(20ºC). Protect the membrane surface from rain or water
2. Mix 3 parts Xypex Patch’n Plug and 1 part Concen- until dry. Air cure minimum 14 days prior to immersing
trate with 1 part water by volume (note: this is the reverse the membrane in water.
of the ratio above) to a stiff mortar consistency and pack
tightly into groove. Air cure minimum 40 minutes. Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
3. Trowel-apply first coat of FCM 80 to a width of 4 - 6 in. or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
(10 - 15 cm) and a thickness of 1/16 in. (1.5 mm). Allow treatment with other products or technologies, contact
first coat to dry for six hours, then apply second coat of the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
FCM 80 at the same rate to a total membrane thickness cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
of 1/8 in. (3 mm). The second coat should be applied at Representative.
right angles to the first coat.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
60 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 2000-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
GAMMA CURE 1.2
Cementitious Crystalline – Curing • Concrete Waterproofing
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1978-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
61
62
XYCRYLIC ADMIX 1.2
Patching & Resurfacing • Concrete Restoration
Description Storage
XYCRYLIC ADMIX is a water-based, high solids, polymer Keep Xycrylic Admix from freezing.
dispersion specifically designed for fortifying Portland
cement compositions. This liquid is milky-white in color Mixing
and improves curing qualities, enhances bond, imparts Xycrylic Admix may be used full strength or diluted with
excellent water and weather resistance, and reduces clean water depending on application requirements.
shrinkage cracking. Xycrylic Admix is also used to fortify
Xypex Patch’n Plug and Megamix I. Test Data
Physical Strength of Cement Mortars
Recommended for:
Mixing Liquid
• Patching and Concrete Repairs
ASTM Standard Full 1:1 1:2 No
• Resurfacing Floor Underlayments Test Method Strength Water Water Xycrylic
• Terrazzo Flooring
C-190-85 610 440 375 235 psi
• Spray and Fill Coats
Tensile Strength 4.2 3.0 2.6 1.6 MPa
• Highway and Bridge Deck Repair
C-109-88
Compressive 5700 4530 3830 2390 psi
Advantages Strength 39.3 31.2 26.4 16.5 MPa
• Hardens and toughens cement mortars
C-348-86 1570 1130 960 610 psi
for improved durability
Flexural Strength 10.8 7.8 6.6 4.2 MPa
• Enhances adhesion capabilities to a wide variety
Shear Bond 640 360 260 45 psi
of surfaces
Adhesion 4.4 2.5 1.8 0.31 MPa
• Increases resistance to many industrial chemicals
• Eliminates water curing Note 1: Strength properties are based on cement mortar
• NSF 61 certified when used with Megamix I prepared as 3 parts sand to 1 part cement by volume.
Durability and Strength Note 2: Strengths are based on a 28 day air-cure. Wet
Cement mortars modified with Xycrylic Admix are hard, cure strengths may be less.
tough and durable. Compared with unmodified mortars,
Xycrylic modified mortars have far superior flexural, ad- Application Procedures
hesive and impact strengths as well as excellent abra- Xycrylic Admix may be used full strength or diluted with
sion resistance. They are especially useful where thin clean water depending on application requirements.
sections are desirable and where excessive vibration and
heavy traffic is encountered. For Use With Cement Mortar
1. Thoroughly premix sand and cement (1 part cement
Adhesion to 2 parts sand).
Xycrylic Admix modified mortars have excellent adhesion 2. Blend Xycrylic Admix with water according to strength,
to a variety of surfaces such as concrete, masonry, brick, bonding and resistance requirements.
wood, metals and others.
3. Add the Xycrylic mixing liquid (whether full strength or
Resistance Properties diluted with water) to the sand and cement.
Cement mortars modified with Xycrylic Admix are resis-
tant to many industrial chemicals as well as ultraviolet 4. Mix thoroughly until desired workable consistency is
light and heat. Mortars containing Xycrylic Admix dry to reached. Always withhold some Xycrylic mixing liquid so
a uniform color. that the mortar will not be too fluid and so that mixing
liquid can be carefully gauged near end of mixing cycle
Packaging (2 - 4 minutes).
Xycrylic Admix is available in 1 U.S. gallon (3.79 litre) For Use With Patch’n Plug
bottles and 5 U.S. gallon (18.95 litre) pails. 1. Blend Xycrylic Admix with clean water (1 part Xycrylic
to 1 part water by volume).
63
2. Add Xycrylic mixing liquid to the Patch’n Plug powder Warranty
at a rate of 1 part liquid to 3.5 parts Patch’n Plug.
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
3. Mix to a stiff putty consistency. Do not mix more than tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
can be used in three minutes. consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
For Use With Megamix I facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
1. Prepare the mixing liquid by combining 1 part Xycrylic ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
Admix with 2 parts clean water. merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
2. Mix 1.4 - 1.5 U.S. gallons (5.4 - 5.7 litres) of the mixing or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
liquid with one 60 lb. (27.2 kg) pail of Megamix I powder. product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
3. Mix thoroughly to a creamy consistency. Let mixture
stand for 3 - 5 minutes, re-agitate and then apply.
Curing
For optimum physical properties, cement mortars modi-
fied with Xycrylic Admix should be air-cured at ambient
temperature and relative humidity.
Technical Services
For more instructions, alternative installation methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemi-
cal Corporation or your local Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
Certification
Xypex Xycrylic Admix when used with Megamix I satis-
fies the requirements of EN 1504-3; Initial Type Testing
(ITT) according to EN 1504-3 was certified by BSI as the
Notifying Body.
Safe Handling Information
Xycrylic Admix is alkaline and has a slight ammoniacal
odor. This product may be a mild to moderate skin and
eye irritant. In addition, many of the components of the
cementitious products that are used in conjunction with
the Xycrylic Admix may also possess significant skin and
eye irritation potential. Directions for treating these prob-
lems are clearly detailed on all Xypex pails and pack-
aging. The Manufacturer also maintains comprehensive
and up-to-date Safety Data Sheets on all its products.
Each sheet contains health and safety information for the
protection of workers and customers. The Manufacturer
recommends you contact Xypex Chemical Corporation
or your local Xypex Technical Services Representative
to obtain copies of Safety Data Sheets prior to product
storage or use.
14
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
64 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1980-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
QUICKSET 1.2
Surface Hardener, Sealer & Dustproofer • Concrete Waterproofing
For the best results, increase coverage rate for each suc- Safe Handling Information
ceeding coat.
Xypex Quickset is a highly alkaline solution. This product
may be a mild to moderate skin and eye irritant. In addi-
Application Procedures
tion, many of the components of the cementitious prod-
1. Surface to be treated should be clean and free of all ucts that are used in conjunction with the Xypex Quick-
loose dirt, oil, curing compounds, efflorescence, free set may also possess significant skin and eye irritation
standing water and other foreign material. New concrete potential. Directions for treating these problems are
should have cured at least one month before treatment. clearly detailed on all Xypex pails and packaging. The
65
Manufacturer maintains comprehensive and up-to-date
Safety Data Sheets on all its products. Each sheet con-
tains health and safety information for the protection of
workers and customers. The Manufacturer recommends
that you contact Xypex Chemical Corporation or your
local Xypex Technical Services Representative to obtain
copies of Safety Data Sheets prior to product storage
or use.
Warranty
The Manufacturer warrants that the products manufac-
tured by it shall be free from material defects and will be
consistent with its normal high quality. Should any of the
products be proven defective, the liability to the Manu-
facturer shall be limited to replacement of the product
ex factory. The Manufacturer makes no warranty as to
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
this warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed
or implied. The user shall determine the suitability of the
product for his intended use and assume all risks and
liability in connection therewith.
Xypex Chemical Corporation 13731 Mayfield Place, Richmond, BC, Canada V6V 2G9
Toll-free: 1.800.961.4477 Tel: 604.273.5265 Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com Web: www.xypex.com
66 XYPEX is a registered trademark of Xypex Chemical Corporation. Copyright © 1975-2016 Xypex Chemical Corporation. ISO 9001:2008
FM 63167
1.3
TITLE
METHOD STATEMENTS
Section Page
Repair Details
Repair of Cracks and Faulty Construction Joints..................................19
Repair of Slab Interface Joints..............................................................22
Repair of Defective Concrete, Rock Pockets or Honeycombs..............25
Pipe Through Wall / Slab Repair Procedures........................................27
Repair of Leaking Tie Holes..................................................................30
1.3
CONCRETE COATING INSTALLATION AND PROCEDURES
General Information & Standard Xypex Coating Installation Procedures for Use on Concrete
The following are general directions on the installation and use of Xypex Concentrate and Modified coatings for
Xypex modification of poured in place concrete elements. The information presented is in addition to Xypex product
data sheets and is not meant to replace these or any other installation guides but rather is meant to give a general
description of the installation practices, curing procedures and other information surrounding the use of Xypex products
for waterproofing and protecting concrete and while they normally provide an acceptable final appearance they are not
meant as aesthetic finishes.
Weather and Concrete Conditions 4. Surfaces to be etched with acid should be dampened
with water before application of the acid. After acid etch-
1. The Xypex treatment must not be applied under rainy
ing flush concrete thoroughly with clean water.
conditions or when ambient temperature is below 40ºF
(4ºC).
Repairs Prior to Coating Application
2. Because Xypex requires water as a diffusion medium For cracks larger than 1/64” (0.4 mm) or for actively leaking
and to initiate the crystalline waterproofing process, all cracks the following repair procedures are recommended.
concrete, whether fresh or old, must be in a saturated
surface dry (SSD) condition prior to coating application. 1. Chip out cracks, faulty construction joints and other
(See Wetting Concrete below.) structural defects to a depth of 1.5” (37 mm) and a width
of one inch (25 mm). A “V” shaped slot is not acceptable.
3. The concrete surface must be a minimum of 20 hours The slot may be saw cut instead of chipped but ensure
old before application of the Xypex coating treatment. that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise shaped such that
there will be mechanical interlock of materials placed into
4. For fresh concrete, the period between 24 hours
the slot at a later stage.
and 72 hours is the optimum time within which to apply
Xypex, as the new concrete is still “green” and requires 2. Clean slot, wet concrete and apply a brush coat of
very little pre-watering. Xypex Concentrate (as described below) in cavity and
allow to dry for 10 minutes.
Coverage
3. Fill cavity by tightly compressing Dry-Pac into the
For normal surface conditions, the coverage rate for
groove with pneumatic packing tool or with hammer and
each Xypex coat is 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
wood block. (See below for Dry-Pac mixing instructions.)
Where a single heavy coat is to be used the coverage
rate is 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). 4. Against a direct flow of water (leakage) or where there
is excess moisture due to seepage, use Xypex Patch’n
Surface Preparation Plug in lieu of Dry-Pac followed by a brush coat of Xypex
Concentrate. For expansion joints or chronic moving
1. The concrete surface to be treated must be clean and
cracks, flexible materials such as expansion joint seal-
free of laitance, dirt, film, paint, coatings or other foreign
ants should be used.
matter. The surface must also have an open capillary sys-
tem to provide “tooth and suction” for the Xypex treatment. All areas of poor concrete consolidation (honeycomb or
A CSP-3 per the International Concrete Repair Institute rock pockets) should also be repaired. Refer to Xypex
Guidelines and Surface Profile Chips is recommended. Method Statements (Section 1.3, p. 4-31) or contact
Xypex’s Technical Services Department or your local
2. If surface is too smooth (e.g. where steel forms are
Xypex Technical Services Representative for more
used) or if surface is covered with excess form oil or other
information.
foreign matter, the concrete should be lightly sand-blast-
ed, water-blasted, or etched with acid.
Wetting Concrete
3. Horizontal surfaces should have a rough wood float or
Xypex requires a saturated substrate and a dry surface.
broom finish. Concrete laitance must be removed from
This is commonly referred to as a saturated surface dry
surface by light sand-blasting, water-blasting or etching
or SSD condition. SSD concrete will not absorb any more
with acid.
water but has no glistening water on the surface. Con-
crete surfaces, therefore, must be thoroughly saturated
1
1.3
CONCRETE COATING INSTALLATION AND PROCEDURES
General Information & Standard Xypex Coating Installation Procedures for Use on Concrete
with clean water prior to the application so as to aid the 2. The Xypex coating must be uniformly applied and
proper diffusion of the Xypex chemistry and to ensure should be just under 1/16” (1.25 mm) thick. A thicker
the growth of the crystalline formation deep within the coating can cause curing or other difficulties, especially
pores of the concrete. Remove excess water before the in warm weather.
application such that there is no glistening water on the
surface. If concrete dries out before application, it must 3. When a second coat (Xypex Concentrate or Modified)
be re-wetted. is required, it should be applied after the first coat has
reached an initial set but while it is still “green” (less than
48 hours). Curing by misting the coating with water should
Mixing be done between coats. Ensure first coat is in SSD condi-
1. Mix Xypex with clean water only (potable water that is tion before application of the second coat.
free of salt and other deleterious materials).
4. For slab (horizontal) applications, care should be tak-
2. Mix Xypex powder into the clean water with a paddle en to spread the Xypex evenly, pulling a heavy broom
on a slow speed electric drill (250 RPM) or with other over the fresh Xypex. This should be done in long strips
equipment that ensures adequate mixing. For small jobs, and will serve to eliminate settlement of the Xypex in low
Xypex may be mixed by gloved hand or by trowel. spots on the slab and also to remove excess material
which may have been applied.
3. Be sure that the quantity mixed can be applied within
20 minutes. As the mixture thickens, stir briefly to refluid- 5. In hot weather it is advisable to apply Xypex either
ize the mix but do not add water. early in the morning or late in the day. This will prevent
the Xypex coating from drying out too quickly.
Mixing For Slurry Coat
Note: Where a smooth, steel-trowelled finish is required
Mix Xypex powder with clean water to a creamy consis- for horizontal slab or where slab will be exposed to traf-
tency in the following volume proportions: fic (e.g. parking deck), apply Xypex Concentrate DS-1
or DS-2 by dry shake method. The wearability of Xypex
For Brush Application
Concentrate and Modified can be improved through an
1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2)
application of Xypex Quickset after the coatings have
5 parts powder to 2 parts water
been cured and dried. Contact Xypex’s Technical Ser-
2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) vices Department or your local Xypex Technical Services
3 parts powder to 1 part water Representative for further information.
2
1.3
CONCRETE COATING INSTALLATION AND PROCEDURES
General Information & Standard Xypex Coating Installation Procedures for Use on Concrete
4. For concrete structures that hold liquids (e.g. swimming completely set but while it is still “green” (8 to 48 hours).
pools, reservoirs, wet wells, tanks, etc.), Xypex should be The 12 to 24 hour window is considered ideal. Contact
cured for three days and then allowed to set for 12 days Xypex’s Technical Services Department or your local
before filling the structure with liquid. Xypex Technical Services Representative regarding sur-
face preparation and other procedures for installations of
5. For structures holding particularly hot and/or corro- other materials onto Xypex coatings older than 48 hours.
sive liquids, Xypex should be cured for three days and Use of a polymer additive to help improve bond in the
allowed to set for 18 days before filling. over coating mortar mix should be considered. Prior to
the installation, it is recommended that a test section be
6. In situations where there is very high humidity and
completed under anticipated ambient and project condi-
poor air circulation (e.g. small, enclosed reservoirs or wet
tions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
wells), fans or blown air to create air movement within
the space may be necessary to aid the curing of Xypex. Note: Xypex Chemical Corporation makes no represen-
tations or warranties regarding the compatibility of Xypex
7. Xypex Gamma Cure may be used in lieu of water cur-
products with plasters, stuccos, tiles and other surface
ing for certain applications: contact Xypex’s Technical
applied materials. It is the responsibility of the installer of
Services Department or your local Xypex Technical Ser-
these surface-applied materials to take whatever mea-
vices Representative. Gamma Cure should be applied
sures are necessary, including testing, to ensure accep-
using a garden type sprayer and must be diluted as per
tance by or adhesion to the Xypex treated surface.
directions before use. Do not apply more Gamma Cure
than is specified. For more instructions, alternative application methods,
or information concerning the compatibility of the Xypex
Backfilling treatment with other products or technologies, contact
the Technical Services Department of Xypex Chemical
Backfilling can take place 36 hours after the Xypex
Corporation.
application. If backfilling takes place within seven days
after the application, the backfilling material should be
moist so as not to draw moisture from the Xypex coating. Caution
Xypex is highly alkaline.
Application of Paints,
1. Avoid contact with skin or eyes.
Epoxies or Similar Coatings
Xypex requires a minimum of 21 days of curing and crys- 2. Protect hands with rubber gloves when handling dry
tal generation before the application of any paint or ep- powder or wet mixture.
oxy. Consult epoxy and paint manufacturer for additional
coating instructions and restrictions. Removal of the Xy- 3. If skin comes into contact with Xypex material, wash
pex coating by high pressure washing or abrasive blast- immediately and thoroughly with water for 15 minutes. If
ing following full curing is the best practice. Alternately, discomfort continues, seek prompt medical attention.
moderate pressure washing, light abrasive blasting or
4. Wear eye protection. If dry powder or wet mixture gets
washing the Xypex surface with a 3 - 5% muriatic acid
into eyes, flush immediately and thoroughly with water
solution followed by a rigorous rinse with clean water is
and seek medical aid.
recommended before applying the coating. Be sure to
flush all acid off the surface. Prior to the installation, it is 5. Wear a suitable mask where there is potential for gen-
recommended that a test section be completed under an- erating dust. If Xypex is ingested, do not induce vomit-
ticipated ambient and project conditions to demonstrate ing; have affected person drink two glasses of water and
acceptable bond. obtain immediate medical attention.
3
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF CMU / CONCRETE BLOCK WALLS
Xypex Recommended Procedure for the Waterproofing of CMU or Concrete Block
Structures from Either the Positive or Negative Side
CMU or concrete block is a common building material. However, the pore structure and thus the permeability of these
blocks vary greatly from region to region depending on the raw materials used, mix design, manufacturing process and
many other factors. As such, the waterproofing of these materials is often difficult. This said, the following procedure
has been used to successfully waterproof CMU / concrete block structures against water ingress. While the procedure
outlined below is best installed on the positive side, it is used successfully on either the positive or negative side with
most applications having been done on the negative side. Due to the high variability in block and the many different sce-
narios in which block is used the following procedure is not guaranteed to provide a waterproof structure but, Xypex’s
experience is that this assembly has a very high success rate in most installations.
If the block structure is in an application with high hydrostatic pressures Xypex Megamix II at a thickness of ½” - 1”
(12 - 25 mm) may be considered as a replacement for the Xypex Megamix I recommended below. In this scenario a
reinforcing mesh mechanically affixed to the substrate may be considered.
STEP 1: Thoroughly clean and profile all concrete sur- on either side of slot to a depth of approximately ¼” - ½”
faces to be treated to remove any overcoating materials (6 - 12 mm) with Xypex Patch’n Plug to stop water flow
or contaminants and to achieve an open pore, “tooth and and block the crack. If crack has no indication of active or
suction” (ICRI CSP-3) profile. previous leaking and is less than 1/64” (0.04 mm) wide it
may be left untreated.
STEP 2: Repair all cracked, defective, deteriorated mor-
tar or construction joints by removing all mortar in area to STEP 4: Wet the surface of the CMU / block until a satu-
1½” (37 mm) deep or until all unsound mortar is removed. rated surface dry (SSD) condition is obtained. Saturated
Remove all loose materials within the slot and to 6” (150 surface dry CMU / block will not absorb any further water
mm) on either side of the slot. Clean, profile and saturate but has no glistening water on its surface. Maintain the
this area with water. Allow water to soak into concrete CMU / block in an SSD condition until Xypex material is
and then remove all surface water. If defective area is applied.
actively leaking, apply Xypex Patch’n Plug to the bottom
half of the slot to stop active water flow. Coat slot with STEP 5: Coat surface of designated area with one coat of
Xypex Concentrate slurry and fill the remainder of the slot Xypex Concentrate at the rate of 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2) as
to original level with Xypex Concentrate in Dry-Pac form. per manufacturer’s standard specifications.
If slot is not actively leaking coat slot with Xypex Con-
STEP 6: Allow Xypex Concentrate coating to set and
centrate slurry and fill entire slot to the original level with
harden for between 12 hours and 24 hours. During this
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac.
time, moist cure coating per Xypex product data sheet.
STEP 3: If blocks are cracked and leaking or where there
STEP 7: Mix Xypex Megamix I with Xycrylic Admix as per
is evidence of previous leaking use one of the following
product data sheet instructions.
procedures
STEP 8: Apply one coat of Megamix I over top of Xypex
If block voids are filled with concrete or cement based
Concentrate coating at a thickness of 1/8” (3 mm) or
grout – cut a dove tailed slot over the crack 1” (25 mm)
11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2). The thickness of the top coat-
wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep and treat per the directions for
ing may be varied from 1/16” - 3/8” (1.5 - 10 mm) per
treatment of mortar or construction joints.
job conditions and requirements. Dampen Xypex Con-
If block voids are not filled they should not be cut into to centrate surface ahead of application of Megamix I as
any significant depth – rout out a shallow slot in the block, required to maintain a damp but not glistening substrate
following the crack and leaving a depression to receive (saturated surface dry condition).
repair material. Use hammer and chisel, diamond blade
STEP 9: In most situations, no moist curing of Xypex
or other means appropriate so as not to damage the
Megamix I is required but in rapid drying conditions,
block. Clean and saturate the slot and the area to 6” (150
Megamix I should be allowed to fully set and then be
mm) on either side of the slot. Fill the slot to the surface
misted periodically to keep moist for 24 hours.
and mound over the top of slot and to several inches (cm)
4
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF CMU / CONCRETE BLOCK WALLS
Xypex Recommended Procedure for the Waterproofing of CMU or Concrete Block
Structures from Either the Positive or Negative Side
Prior to the installation, it is recommended that a test sec- weakened areas of wall. Be sure to lightly acid wash and
tion be completed under anticipated ambient and project thoroughly rinse the existing coating of Xypex Megamix
conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond. I prior to subsequent applications. In locations of ongo-
ing active leaking Xypex Patch’n Plug may be required to
This procedure will usually provide a waterproof block stop active water flow.
wall for the life of the structure.
As previously discussed, the waterproofing effective-
It is necessary to allow at least 30 days or longer at nor- ness of the above procedures and recommendations
mal room temperatures for crystalline growth to form to a is very dependent on the quality and porosity of the
level that will indicate the expected level of performance CMU or concrete block installed. Further, installation of
of the above treatment. Lower temperatures will extend Xypex products by a qualified installer, especially for
the times for crystalline development. CMU / concrete block waterproofing applications, is highly
recommended.
Re-application of Xypex Megamix I (or Xypex Megamix II
– high strength structural mortar repair) may be required Contact Xypex’s Technical Services Department for
for reinforcement at the most severe points of leakage or assistance.
5
1.3
FAST TRACK COATING SYSTEM
Xypex Coating System for Early Exposure to Water
Xypex treatment of existing concrete water holding structures typically requires one of the following. Ether one or two
coats of Xypex Concentrate or one coat of Xypex Concentrate and one coat of Xypex Modified followed by 3 days of
moist curing and then an additional 12 days of drying and hardening (18 days of drying and hardening prior to immer-
sion if the water is waste contaminated). This relatively long curing and hardening period can create challenges if the
project time line needs to be fast tracked or there is significant water runoff such that the environment will be virtually
the same as full water immersion.
The following procedure can be used to allow a rapid return to service of the Xypex coated water holding structures
(3 - 4 days from the start of application of the materials).
STEP 1: Thoroughly clean and profile all concrete sur- STEP 7: Apply one coat of Megamix I over top of Xypex
faces to be treated to remove any overcoating materials Concentrate coating at an average thickness of 1/8” (3
or contaminants and to achieve an open pore, “tooth and mm) or 11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2). The top coating thick-
suction” (ICRI CSP-3) profile. ness may be varied from 1/16” - 3/8” (1.5 - 10 mm) as per
job conditions and requirements. Dampen Xypex Con-
STEP 2: Repair joint lines, cracks and surface defects if centrate surface ahead of application of Megamix I as
required as per Xypex standard repair procedures. required to maintain an SSD condition.
STEP 3: Wet the surface of the concrete until a saturated STEP 8: Allow Xypex Megamix I to harden and cure for
surface dry (SSD) condition is obtained. SSD concrete 2 - 3 days.
will not absorb any further water but has no glistening
water on its surface. Maintain the concrete in an SSD Prior to the installation, it is recommended that a test sec-
condition until Xypex material is applied. tion be completed under anticipated ambient and project
conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
STEP 4: Coat surface of designated area with one coat
of Xypex Concentrate at the rate of 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2) Note:
as per manufacturer’s standard specifications. i. In most situations, no moist curing of Xypex Megamix I
is required but in rapid drying conditions, Megamix I
STEP 5: Allow Xypex Concentrate coating to set and should be allowed to fully set and then be misted periodi-
harden for between 12 hours and 24 hours. During this cally to keep moist for 24 hours.
time, moist cure coating per Xypex product data sheet.
ii. The above are recommended time frames only. If
STEP 6: Mix Xypex Megamix I with Xycrylic Admix as per project requirements are such that these cannot be met,
product data sheet instructions. contact Xypex’s Technical Services Department.
Xypex Concentrate
at 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2)
Xypex Megamix I
at 11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2)
Xypex Concentrate
Typical Xypex cold joint waterproofing details.
To be used in addition to standard waterstops.
6
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF DRY MIX SHOTCRETE / EXISTING CONCRETE POOLS
Xypex Coating Procedures for the Waterproofing of Dry Mix Shotcrete (Gunite) / Existing
Concrete Pools, Fountains or Other Structures That Will Be Receiving Additional Finishes
A common application for the Xypex coating system is the waterproofing of shotcrete or gunite formed pools and
fountains that will ultimately be finished with tile or plaster. Following is the recommended procedure for waterproofing
these structures using Xypex coating materials. These same procedures could also be used for waterproofing of cast
in place concrete pool structures that do not contain Xypex Admix in the concrete.
7
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF DRY MIX SHOTCRETE / EXISTING CONCRETE POOLS
Xypex Coating Procedures for the Waterproofing of Dry Mix Shotcrete (Gunite) / Existing
Concrete Pools, Fountains or Other Structures That Will Be Receiving Additional Finishes
Installation of Thinset and Tile or Plaster ACCEPTABLE – Acid wash the Xypex Concentrate coat-
ing with a 3% - 5% acid solution to open the pores of the
There are two alternatives for the application of additional coating and remove any surface crystallization that may
cementitious materials systems over Xypex Concentrate. have formed. Thoroughly flush off any remaining acid or
residue from treated surfaces.
Early Installation Option: After Xypex Concentrate has
reached a final set and within 48 hours (the 12 - 24 hour In this scenario the surface preparation of the substrate
window is considered ideal), thinset, mortar or plaster prior to application of the Xypex Concentrate is critical.
may be applied directly to the Xypex Concentrate coat- The bond of the Xypex Concentrate to the substrate is
ing. Mortars should contain an acrylic polymer to assist not being tested by pressure washing and the adhesion
in bonding to the Xypex Concentrate coating. During of the entire system is dependent on the bond of the
the time between installation of the Xypex Concentrate Concentrate layer to the substrate. Confirmation of the
onto the substrate and the application of the thinset or acceptability of the Xypex coating surface to the over
pool plaster the Xypex coating must be kept “green look- coating material’s manufacturer is recommended.
ing” using the curing methods described above. The
brush or spray applied finish of the Xypex coating is Xypex accepts no responsibility regarding bond between
normally an acceptable profile for subsequently applied the Xypex Concentrate and the subsequently applied
materials but this must be confirmed with the over coat- materials. Prior to the installation, it is recommended that
ing material’s manufacturer. Maintainence of the Xypex a test section be completed under anticipated ambient
coating in an SSD condition (or not) during application and project conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
of other cementitious materials should be confirmed with
those products’ manufacturers. Note: Xypex Chemical Corporation makes no represen-
tations or warranties regarding the compatibility of Xypex
Standard Installation Option: After the 2 - 3 day curing products with plasters, stuccos, tiles and other surface-
period allow Xypex Concentrate to remain on the sub- applied materials. It is the responsibility of the installer of
strate undisturbed for 21 days. After that time, one of the these surface-applied materials to take whatever mea-
following methods should be used to prepare the surface sures are necessary, including testing, to ensure accep-
for application of the thinset, mortar or plaster: tance by or adhesion to the Xypex treated surface.
BEST – Completely remove the Xypex Concentrate coat- Xypex does not recommend the use of Xypex Concen-
ing by sand blasting, wet blasting or water jetting. 5,000 trate as an aesthetic surface finish in any water retaining
psi (350 bar) is normally acceptable to achieve full remov- structure applications.
al of the Xypex coating. Additional cleaning of the sub-
strate shall be done such that it is left clean of dust or any
other residue. The surface profile and other properties
of the substrate shall be as required by the over coating
material’s manufacturer. After 21 days there has been
sufficient chemical transfer of Xypex active ingredients
into the substrate concrete that removal of the coating
will not adversely affect the performance of the Xypex
waterproofing.
8
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF STONE AND BRICK WALLS
Xypex Recommended Procedure for the Waterproofing of Mortared Natural Stone
or Clay Brick Structures from Either the Positive or Negative Side
While not often used today, clay brick and natural stone were common building materials in the past and many below
grade structures built with brick and stone are still in use today.
The following methodology has been used to successfully waterproof clay brick and stone structures against water
ingress. While the procedure outlined below is best installed on the positive side, it is used successfully on either the
positive or negative side with most applications having been done on the negative side. Due to the high variability in
brick and stone and the many different scenarios in which these materials are used the following procedure does not
typically provide a waterproof structure with the first installation but more likely requires call backs to further mitigate
more persistent leaks. Even with the most diligent application of Xypex materials complete waterproofing of a brick or
stone wall cannot be guaranteed. This said, Xypex’s experience is that with these procedures and diligent follow up, an
adequate success rate is achieved in most installations.
If the structure is in an application with high hydrostatic pressures Xypex Megamix II at a thickness of ½” (12 mm) to
1” (25 mm) may be considered as a replacement for the Xypex Megamix I recommended below. In this scenario a
reinforcing mesh mechanically affixed to the substrate may be considered.
STEP 1: Ensure that the wall is structurally sound, with STEP 3: If bricks or stone are cracked and leaking or
surfaces free of any foreign material. Thoroughly clean where there is evidence of previous leaking: rout out a
and profile all concrete surfaces to be treated including shallow slot in the brick, following the crack, and leaving
mortar joints to remove any overcoating materials or con- a depression to receive repair material. Use hammer and
taminants and to achieve an open pore, “tooth and suc- chisel, diamond blade or other means appropriate so as
tion” (ICRI CSP-3) profile. not to damage the brick. Clean and saturate the slot and
the area to 6” (150 mm) on either side of the slot. Fill the
STEP 2: Repair all cracked, defective, deteriorated mor- slot to the surface and mound over the top of slot and to
tar, and construction joints by removing all mortar in the several inches (cm) on either side of slot to a depth of
area to 1½” (37 mm) deep or until all unsound mortar is approximately ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) with Xypex Patch’n
removed. Remove all loose materials within the slot and Plug (if the stone cannot be chipped then just mound
clean and saturate this area with water. Allow water to over the crack per above) to stop water flow and block
soak into mortar and then remove all surface water. If the crack. If crack has no indication of active or previous
defective area is actively leaking, apply Xypex Patch’n leaking it may be left as is.
Plug to the bottom half of the slot to stop active water
flow. Coat slot with Xypex Concentrate slurry and fill STEP 4: Wet the surface of the stone or brick wall until a
remainder of slot to original level with Xypex Concentrate saturated surface dry (SSD) condition is obtained. Satu-
in Dry-Pac form. If slot is not actively leaking coat slot rated surface dry surfaces will not absorb any further wa-
with Xypex Concentrate slurry and fill entire slot to the ter but have no glistening water on their surface. Maintain
original level with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac. the stone or brick wall in an SSD condition until Xypex
material is applied.
9
1.3
WATERPROOFING OF STONE AND BRICK WALLS
Xypex Recommended Procedure for the Waterproofing of Mortared Natural Stone
or Clay Brick Structures from Either the Positive or Negative Side
STEP 5: Coat surface of designated area with one coat STEP 8: Apply one coat of Megamix I over top of Xypex
of Xypex Concentrate at the rate of 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2) Concentrate coating at a thickness of 1/8” (3 mm) or
as per manufacturer’s standard specifications. Uniformly 11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2). The thickness of the top
apply Concentrate slurry to brick or stone surfaces using coating may be varied from 1/16” - 3/8” (1.5 - 10 mm) per
a semi-stiff bristle brush and taking care to ensure good job conditions and requirements. Dampen Xypex Con-
coverage of the mortar joints. Work slurry well into sur- centrate surface ahead of application of Megamix I as
face, filling surface pores and hairline cracks. required to maintain a damp but not glistening substrate
(saturated surface dry condition).
STEP 6: Allow Xypex Concentrate coating to set and
harden for between 12 hours and 24 hours. During this STEP 9: In most situations, no moist curing of Xypex
time, moist cure coating per Xypex product data sheet. Megamix I is required but in rapid drying conditions,
Megamix I should be allowed to fully set and then be
STEP 7: Mix Xypex Megamix I with Xycrylic Admix as misted periodically to keep moist for 24 hours.
per product data sheet instructions.
Prior to the installation, it is recommended that a test section be completed under anticipated ambient and project con-
ditions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
It is necessary to allow at least 30 days or longer at normal room temperatures for crystalline growth to form to a level
that will indicate the expected level of performance of the Xypex treatment. Lower temperatures will extend the times
for crystalline development.
Re-application of Xypex Megamix I (or Xypex Megamix II – high strength structural mortar repair) may be required for
reinforcement at the most severe points of leakage or weakened areas of wall. Be sure to lightly acid wash and thor-
oughly rinse the existing coating of Xypex Megamix I prior to subsequent applications. In locations of ongoing active
leaking Xypex Patch’n Plug may be required to stop active water flow.
As previously discussed, the waterproofing effectiveness of the above procedures and recommendations is very
dependent on the quality and porosity of the brick or stone structure originally installed. A fully waterproof brick or
stone wall cannot be guaranteed even after strict adherence to the recommendations given in this guide. Further,
installation of Xypex products by a qualified installer, especially for brick and stone waterproofing applications, is highly
recommended.
10
1.3
WATERPROOFING CONCRETE TIE HOLES USING XYPEX
There are several ways of holding forms together during placement of concrete. Most of these methods involve the use
of some type of steel tie that connects the forms together and holds them from spreading. These ties inevitably leave a
leak path for water and need to be detailed in order to achieve a waterproof structure.
The following provides one recommended procedure for waterproofing each of the four most common types of
concrete ties: spacer tube assembly ties, gang form taper ties, cone snap ties and flat bar snap ties. If coil ties, other
ties whereby part of their assembly remains in the concrete, or some other type of tie not covered in this document is
used, a modification of these procedures to fit that situation would be recommended. Contact Xypex’s Technical Ser-
vices Department for assistance.
These procedures are meant for use with tie holes that are not actively leaking. If tie holes are leaking see the Xypex
“Repair of Leaking Tie Holes” Method Statement or contact Xypex’s Technical Services Department for assistance.
The following installation is best performed from the positive or wet side of the concrete element although it can also
be done from the negative or dry side.
STEP 1: Using a hammer drill bit that is slightly larger than the outside
diameter of the plastic tube, drill out to a depth of at least 5” (125 mm)
the plastic spacer tube leaving the inner wall of the hole rough and free
of any plastic debris.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the void and to a 12” (300 mm)
diameter area around the void. Clean, profile (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate
this area with water. Allow water to soak into the concrete and then re-
move all surface water. All surfaces should be left saturated surface dry
(SSD – wet but with no glistening water).
11
1.3
WATERPROOFING CONCRETE TIE HOLES USING XYPEX
STEP 5: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the void to the surface with
Xypex Concentrate mixed in the following proportions: one part clean
water to six parts Concentrate by volume to create a Dry-Pac. Blend Dry-
Pac by trowel for 10 to 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the
mixture). Fill the hole fully compacting Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac using
a pneumatic packing device or a hammer and dowel.
STEP 6: Wet the Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply a slurry
coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over
the repaired area to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area around the filled void.
STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodically with water for
two to three days. Open to water contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 5 – replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm)
of Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 6 and Step 7 – eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure to liquids.
The following procedure is meant for use when waterproofing a thick section wall. If the concrete section is thinner than
10” (250 mm) contact Xypex Technical Services for assistance. The following installation is meant to be installed from
the positive or wet side of the concrete element although it can also be done from the negative or dry side.
STEP 1: Using a hammer drill bit that is slightly larger than the outside
diameter of the taper tie hole, drill out the hole to a depth of at least 5”
(125 mm) leaving the inner wall of the hole rough.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the void and to a 12” (300 mm)
diameter area around the void. Clean, profile (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate
this area with water. Allow water to soak into concrete and then remove
all surface water. All surfaces should be left saturated surface dry (SSD –
wet but with no glistening water).
12
1.3
WATERPROOFING CONCRETE TIE HOLES USING XYPEX
STEP 3: Insert into the smooth sided tie hole (at the bottom of the
drilled out area) an appropriately sized rubber stopper or commercial-
ly available rubber stopper device. Alternatively, compact a quantity of
Xypex Patch’n Plug into the bottom of the prepared section of the hole
to form a plug. The plug is to be at least a 1” (25 mm) thick. There must
remain at least a 4” (100 mm) of space between the top of the Patch’n
Plug and surface of the concrete element (See the Spacer Tube Assem-
bly illustrations for Patch’n Plug example).
STEP 5: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the void to the surface with
Xypex Concentrate mixed in the following proportions: one part clean
water to six parts Concentrate by volume to create a Dry-Pac. Blend
Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 to 15 seconds only (lumps should be pres-
ent in the mixture). Fill the hole fully compacting Xypex Concentrate
Dry-Pac using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer and dowel.
STEP 6: Wet the Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply a slurry
coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over
the repaired area to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area around the filled void.
STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodically with water for
two to three days. Open to water contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 5 – replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm)
of Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 6 and Step 7 – eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure to liquids.
13
1.3
WATERPROOFING CONCRETE TIE HOLES USING XYPEX
STEP 1: Using a hammer drill, or chisel bit that is slightly larger than the
outside diameter to the cone, drill out or chip out the cone shape to the
full depth of the indentation leaving a rough surfaced, straight sided void.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the void and to a 12” (300 mm)
diameter area around the void. Clean, profile (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate
this area with water. Allow water to soak into concrete and then remove
all surface water. All surfaces should be left saturated surface dry (SSD –
wet but with no glistening water).
STEP 4: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the void to the surface with
Xypex Concentrate mixed in the following proportions: one part clean
water to six parts Concentrate by volume to create a Dry-Pac. Blend
Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 to 15 seconds only (lumps should be present
in the mixture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then compress it tightly
using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer and dowel.
STEP 5: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply a slurry coat
of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the
repaired area to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area around the filled void.
STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodically with water for
two to three days. Open to water contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 4 – replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm)
of Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 5 and Step 6 – eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure to liquids.
14
1.3
WATERPROOFING CONCRETE TIE HOLES USING XYPEX
Most flat bar snap ties are designed to break back approximately ¼” (6 mm) below the surface of the concrete.
STEP 1: Remove all loose material to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area
around the tie. Clean, profile (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate this area with
water. Allow water to soak into concrete and then remove all surface wa-
ter. All surfaces should be left saturated surface dry (SSD – wet but with
no glistening water).
STEP 3: Mix Xypex Patch’n Plug to a mortar consistency and while slurry
coat is still tacky, fill any depression around tie hole as well as mounding
the Patch’n Plug over the area to a depth of approximately ½” (12 mm).
The Patch’n Plug mound should be approximately 6” (150 mm) in diam-
eter centered over the tie.
STEP 4: For added protection cover entire repair area with one coat of
Xypex FCM 80 at 1/16” (1.5 mm) thickness.
Note:
The above procedure recommends Xypex Concentrate in Dry-Pac and
Xypex Patch’n Plug as the materials to use to fill tie holes. Xypex is aware
that blends of Xypex Concentrate and Xypex Patch’n Plug powders are
also utilized in place of the Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac. The blends nor-
mally consist of between 20% Concentrate and 80% Patch’n Plug to 80%
Concentrate and 20% Patch’n Plug. These blends are typically used in
a mortar consistency and have the advantage of ease of placement as
well as rapid set while being able to be reworked in the hand, for sev-
eral minutes, back to a mortar consistency. While Xypex recommends
100% Concentrate in Dry-Pac as the primary filling material for tie holes,
Xypex allows the use of the blends described above for these and other
applications.
15
1.3
XYPEX WATERPROOFING OF ANNULAR SPACES
Waterproofing of Annular Spaces Surrounding Through Concrete Utilities
Pipes and conduits that are installed through round or square block outs in concrete are a common part of concrete
construction. The following are procedures for waterproofing of the annular spaces that are created between the edge
of the concrete and conduit, pipe or other utility feature after its installation through the wall or slab. These details are
based on circular “block out” shapes but may be modified for other shapes as appropriate. These procedures are ap-
propriate for many common piping materials including steel, iron, PVC and HDPE.
Note that fluid bearing pipes may vibrate or move due to the hydraulics within the system or thermal expansion and
contraction. This type of ongoing movement may interrupt the crystalline based healing. In these cases contact Xypex
Technical Services for assistance.
For Annular Space Gaps of 1” (25 mm) or Less STEP 4: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the space be-
hind the Patch’n Plug to the surface of the concrete with
STEP 1: Remove all loose materials and thoroughly Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the following pro-
clean and profile (ICRI CSP-3) the inner surface of the portions: one part clean water to six parts Concentrate
concrete void and the surface of the concrete to a 6” (150 by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 - 15 seconds
mm) area around the block out. Clean and roughen to as only (lumps should be present in the mixture). Apply Dry-
far through the wall or slab as possible. Lightly sand and Pac by gloved hand, and then compress it tightly using a
clean as much of the surface of the pipe / conduit as pos- pneumatic packing device or a hammer and block.
sible to provide a profile. Saturate the prepared concrete
with water. Allow water to soak into concrete and then STEP 5: Wet the surface of the Dry-Pac lightly with water,
remove all surface water. then apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at cover-
age rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the filled area
STEP 2: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a and to 6” (150 mm) onto the slab away from the space.
coverage rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) onto the pipe
/ conduit, to the surface of the concrete in the block out STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
and to the surface of the concrete to 6” (150 mm) around cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
the block out. Apply through the full depth of the concrete. tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Application may be performed by brush or gloved hand.
Note:
STEP 3: On the wet side of the wall or slab, while slurry If the concrete does not contain Xypex admixture then
coat is still tacky, apply Xypex Patch’n Plug into the space also apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat to the Patch’n
to a depth of 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm) to create a solid ring of Plug side per Step 5. Contact Xypex’s Technical Services
Patch’n Plug material. Finish the Patch’n Plug flush with Department or your local Xypex Technical Services Rep-
the surface of the concrete. resentative regarding appropriate time for exposure to
water contact.
2” - 3”
(50 - 75 mm)
16
1.3
XYPEX WATERPROOFING OF ANNULAR SPACES
Waterproofing of Annular Spaces Surrounding Through Concrete Utilities
For Annular Space Gaps Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 - 15 seconds only (lumps
Between 1” - 4” (25 - 100 mm) should be present in the mixture). Apply Dry-Pac by
gloved hand, and then compress it tightly using a pneu-
STEP 1: Remove all loose materials and thoroughly matic packing device or a hammer and block.
clean and profile (ICRI CSP-3) the inner surface of the
concrete void and the surface of the concrete to 6” (150 STEP 5: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the space be-
mm) around the block out. Clean and roughen all the way hind the Concentrate Dry-Pac to the surface of the con-
through the wall or slab. Lightly sand and clean the sur- crete with a good quality non-shrink structural grout.
face of the pipe / conduit to provide a profile. Saturate the
prepared concrete with water. Allow water to soak into STEP 6: After the grout has fully set apply a slurry coat
concrete and then remove all surface water. of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd.
(0.8 kg/m2) over the grout filled area and to 6” (150 mm)
STEP 2: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a onto the slab away from the space.
coverage rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) onto the pipe
/ conduit, to the surface of the concrete in the block out STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying peri-
and to the surface of the concrete to 6” (150 mm) around odically with water for two to three days. Open to water
the block out. Apply through the full depth of the concrete. contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines. This assembly
Application may be performed by brush or gloved hand. may be opened to water contact on the Patch’n Plug side
immediately.
STEP 3: On the wet side of the wall or slab, while slurry
coat is still tacky, apply Xypex Patch’n Plug into the space Note:
to a depth of 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm) to create a solid ring of If the concrete does not contain Xypex admixture then
Patch’n Plug material. Finish the Patch’n Plug flush with also apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat to the Patch’n
the surface of the concrete. Plug side per Step 5. Contact Xypex’s Technical Services
Department or your local Xypex Technical Services Rep-
STEP 4: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the space be- resentative regarding appropriate time for exposure to
hind the Patch’n Plug with a 1” (25 mm) layer of Xypex water contact.
Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the following proportions:
one part clean water to six parts Concentrate by volume.
1” (25 mm)
2” - 3”
(50 - 75 mm)
17
1.3
XYPEX WATERPROOFING OF ANNULAR SPACES
Waterproofing of Annular Spaces Surrounding Through Concrete Utilities
For Annular Space Gaps Greater Than 4” (100 mm) STEP 5: It is recommended that swelling waterstops be
Using “Form and Pour” Techniques installed as per the diagrams below. Inclusion, type and
position of swelling waterstops are at the discretion of the
STEP 1: Remove all loose materials and thoroughly designer. Expanding waterstops may be placed on Xypex
clean and profile (ICRI CSP-3) the inner surface of the after it has dried or before Xypex slurry application. Xypex
concrete void and the surface of the concrete to 6” (150 slurry may only be applied over waterstop if approved by
mm) around the block out. Clean and roughen all the way waterstop manufacturer.
through the wall or slab. Lightly sand and clean the sur-
face of the pipe/conduit to provide a profile. Saturate the STEP 6: Fill the void with a good quality, well consolidat-
prepared concrete with water. Allow water to soak into ed Xypex Admix treated concrete or grout. After the con-
concrete and then remove all surface water. crete has set strip the forms including the sealing strips.
STEP 2: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at STEP 7: Clean sealing strips thoroughly. Apply Xypex
coverage rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) onto the pipe/ Concentrate slurry to sealing strips at the rate of 1.5 lb./
conduit, the inner surface of the concrete in the block out sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill sealing strip with Xypex Concen-
and to the surface of the concrete to 6” (150 mm) around trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create a “sealing strip”.
the block out. Apply through the full depth of the concrete.
Application may be performed by brush or gloved hand. STEP 8: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat at 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over entire block out infill and extend-
STEP 3: In conjunction with Step 4 create forms on either ing to 6” (150 mm) on either side.
side of the block-out to allow a concrete or grout to be
poured into and contained in the block-out. STEP 9: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
STEP 4: On the wet side of the concrete element, modify tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
the forms around the pipe and the edge of the block out
to create “sealing strips” or linear grooves in the finished Note:
concrete surface. The sealing strips are to be 1” (25 mm) When early exposure to water is required:
wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep and are to completely encircle 1. In Step 5, on the wet side, replace the top ¼” - ½”
the pipe and the circumference of the block out void. (6 - 12 mm) of Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with
Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. On the wet side, eliminate Step 6.
> 4” (100 mm) 6” (150 mm) 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
to liquids.
WATERSTOPS
18
1.3
REPAIR OF CRACKS AND FAULTY CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
No Water Flow
6”(150
6” mm) 6”(150
6”mm)
1.5”
1.5”
(37 mm)
1”(25 mm)
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE––NO
NOACTIVE
ACTIVELEAKING
LEAKINGWATER
WATER
STEP 1: Chip out the crack/joint in a “U” shaped slot as STEP 5: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then ap-
per the drawing shown above. The slot is to be 1” (25 ply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of
mm) wide and at least 1.5” (37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6”
slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead (150 mm) on either side of the slot.
of chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or other-
wise shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
of materials placed into the slot at a later stage. cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the slot and
to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI Note:
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to When early exposure to water is required:
soak into concrete and then remove all surface water. 1. In Step 4 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
STEP 3: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at 2. Step 5 and Step 6 – eliminate.
a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the slot and to 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
6” (150 mm) on either side of the slot. Application may be to liquids.
performed by brush or gloved hand.
STEP 4: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to the
surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the
following proportions: one part clean water to six parts
Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10
- 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the mix-
ture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then compress it
tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
and block.
19
1.3
REPAIR OF CRACKS AND FAULTY CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Against a Flow of Water
1.5”
(37 mm)
1”(25 mm)
HYDROSTATIC
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
PRESSURE – ACTIVE
– ACTIVE LEAKING
LEAKING WATER
WATER
STEP 1: Chip out crack/joint in a “U” shaped slot as per STEP 5: While the slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to
the drawing shown above. The slot is to be 1” (25 mm) the surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac. Dry-Pac is
wide and at least 1.5” (37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped slot mixed by adding one part clean water to six parts Xypex
is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of Concentrate powder by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel
chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or other- for 10 - 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in mix-
wise shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock ture). Apply the Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then compress
of materials placed into the slot at a later stage. Areas it tightly by using a pneumatic packing tool or a hammer
with the most water flow should be identified and chipped and block.
slightly deeper.
STEP 6: Wet the Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the slot and apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage
to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot.
soak in and then remove all surface water.
STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
STEP 3: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
Plug to half the depth of slot. Patch’n Plug is mixed by tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Patch’n Plug
powder by volume. Patch’n Plug should be applied to full Note:
length of crack/joint area. When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 5 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
STEP 4: Apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) in the slot over the 2. Step 6 and Step 7 – eliminate.
Patch’n Plug and to 6” (150 mm) on either side of the slot. 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
Application may be performed by brush or gloved hand. to liquids.
20
1.3
REPAIR OF CRACKS AND FAULTY CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Against High Pressure Flow of Water
2-3”
(50-75 mm)
1”(25 mm)
HIGH HYDROSTATIC
HIGH HYDROSTATICPRESSURE
PRESSURE– –ACTIVE
ACTIVELEAKING
LEAKINGWATER
WATER
STEP 1: Chip out crack/joint in a “U” shaped slot as per STEP 6: Apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a
the drawing shown above. The slot is to be 1” (25 mm) coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) in the slot over the
wide and 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm) deep. A “V” shaped slot Patch’n Plug and to 6” (150 mm) on either side of the
is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of slot. Application may be performed by gloved hand or by
chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise brush.
shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock of ma-
terials placed into the slot at a later stage. STEP 7: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to the
surface with Xypex Concentrate in Dry-Pac consistency.
STEP 2: In the area of greatest water flow, drill a hole or Dry-Pac is mixed by adding one part clean water to six
cavity 0.5” (13 mm) deeper into slot to accommodate a parts Xypex Concentrate powder by volume. Blend by
bleeder hose. A bleeder hose is a minimum 1.5 foot (0.5 trowel for 10 - 15 seconds only (lumps should be pres-
m) length of smooth surfaced, fairly rigid tubing. Its pur- ent in mixture). Apply the Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then
pose is to relieve the water pressure while the crack/joint compress it tightly by using a pneumatic packing tool or a
is being repaired. hammer and block.
STEP 3: Remove all loose material within the slot and to STEP 8: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then ap-
6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI ply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6”
soak in and then remove all surface water. (150 mm) on either side of slot.
STEP 4: Place one end of bleeder hose into the hole or STEP 9: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
cavity and, while holding hose steady, apply Xypex Patch’n cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
Plug to the slot around the hose. Multiple applications of tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Patch’n Plug may be necessary to secure the hose in place.
Note:
STEP 5: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n When early exposure to water is required:
Plug to half the depth of the remaining slot area. Patch’n 1. In Step 7 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
Plug is mixed by adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
Patch’n Plug powder by volume. Remove the bleeder 2. Step 8 and Step 9 – eliminate.
hose and pack the hole with Xypex Patch’n Plug to stop 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
all active water flow. to liquids.
21
1.3
REPAIR OF SLAB INTERFACE JOINTS
No Water Flow
6”(150 mm)
6”(150 mm)
1”(25 mm)
1.5”(37 mm) 1.5”(37 mm)
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Chip out a “U” shaped slot as per the drawings STEP 4: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to the
shown above and depending on the wall to slab interface surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the
configuration such that the bottom corner of the slot is following proportions: one part clean water to six parts
centered over the construction joint. The slot is to be 1” Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10
(25 mm) wide by at least 1.5” (37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped - 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the mix-
slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of ture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, and then compress
chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise it tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock of and block.
materials placed into the slot at a later stage.
STEP 5: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
STEP 2: Remove all loose materials within the slot and a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at coverage of 1.5 lb./
to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6” (150
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to mm) up the wall and onto the slab away from the slot.
soak into concrete and then remove all surface water.
STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
STEP 3: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd.2 (0.8 kg/m2) in the slot and tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
to 6” (150 mm) up the wall and onto the slab away from
the slot. Application may be performed by brush or gloved Note:
hand. When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 4 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 5 and Step 6 – eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
to liquids.
22
1.3
REPAIR OF SLAB INTERFACE JOINTS
Against a Flow of Water
6”(150 mm)
6”(150 mm)
1”(25 mm)
1.5”(37 mm) 1.5”(37 mm)
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Chip out a “U” shaped slot as per the drawings STEP 5: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot with
shown above and depending on the wall to slab interface Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the following pro-
configuration such that the bottom corner of the slot is portions: one part clean water to six parts Concentrate
centered over the construction joint. The slot is to be 1” by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 - 15 seconds
(25 mm) wide by at least 1.5” (37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped only (lumps should be present in the mixture). Apply Dry-
slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead of Pac by gloved hand, and then compress it tightly using a
chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise pneumatic packing device or a hammer and block.
shaped such that there will be mechanical interlock of
materials placed into the slot at a later stage. Areas with STEP 6: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
most water flow should be identified and chipped deeper. a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at coverage of 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6” (150
STEP 2: Remove all loose materials within the slot and mm) up the wall and onto the slab away from the slot.
to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
soak into concrete and then remove all surface water. cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
STEP 3: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n
Plug to half the depth of the slot. Patch’n Plug is mixed Note:
by adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Patch’n Plug When early exposure to water is required:
powder by volume. Patch’n Plug should be applied to the 1. In Step 5 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
full length of crack/joint area. Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 6 and Step 7 – eliminate.
STEP 4: Apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) in the slot, over the to liquids.
Patch’n Plug, and to 6” (150 mm) up the wall and onto the
slab away from the slot. Application may be performed by
brush or gloved hand.
23
1.3
REPAIR OF SLAB INTERFACE JOINTS
Against High Pressure Flow of Water
6”(150 mm)
6”(150 mm)
1”
(25 mm) 2-3”(50-75 mm) 2-3”(50 -75 mm)
1”
(25 mm)
6”(150 mm) 6”(150 mm)
STEP 1: Chip out a “U” shaped slot as per the drawings STEP 6: Apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a
shown above and depending on the wall to slab interface coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) in the slot, over the
configuration such that the bottom corner of the slot is Patch’n Plug, and to 6” (150 mm) up the wall and onto the
centered over the construction joint. The slot is to be 1” slab away from the slot. Application may be performed by
(25 mm) wide by at least 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm) deep. A “V” brush or gloved hand.
shaped slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut
instead of chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed STEP 7: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to the
or otherwise shaped such that there will be mechanical surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the
interlock of materials placed into the slot at a later stage. following proportions: one part clean water to six parts
Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10
STEP 2: In the area of greatest water flow, drill a hole or - 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the mix-
cavity 0.5” (13 mm) deeper into slot and over the joint to ture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, and then compress
accommodate a bleeder hose. A bleeder hose is a mini- it tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
mum 1.5 foot (0.5 m) length of smooth surfaced, fairly and block.
rigid tubing. Its purpose is to relieve the water pressure
while the crack/ joint is being repaired. STEP 8: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at coverage of 1.5 lb./
STEP 3: Remove all loose materials within the slot and sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6” (150
to 6” (150 mm) on either side of slot. Clean, profile (ICRI mm) up the wall and onto the slab away from the slot.
CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow water to
soak into concrete and then remove all surface water. STEP 9: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodically
with water for two to three days. Open to water contact per
STEP 4: Place one end of bleeder hose into the hole or Xypex Coatings guidelines.
cavity and, while holding hose steady, apply Xypex Patch’n
Plug to the slot around the hose. Multiple applications of Note:
Patch’n Plug may be necessary to secure the hose in place. When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 7 – replace the top ¼” - ½” (6 - 12 mm) of
STEP 5: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
Plug to half the depth of the remaining slot area. Patch’n 2. Step 8 and Step 9 – eliminate.
Plug is mixed by adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
Patch’n Plug powder by volume. Remove the bleeder to liquids.
hose and pack the hole with Xypex Patch’n Plug to stop
all active water flow.
24
1.3
REPAIR OF DEFECTIVE CONCRETE, ROCK POCKETS OR HONEYCOMBS
For Repair Areas That Are Approximately 6” (150 mm) in Diameter or Less
Honeycombs, rock pockets, spalls and other concrete defects occur in a variety of sizes, shapes and situations which
makes it impossible to create a brief work procedure that cover all variables. The following information gives general
directions and procedures for repair of standard, small or medium-large sized deficiencies. These procedures should
not supersede ACI, ICRI or other recognized authorities’ recommendations. The steps outlined here can be modified
and adapted to fit most scenarios and provide long term, well bonded concrete repairs.
6” (150 mm) Diameter or Less STEP 7: Apply a scrub coat of the selected repair mortar
to the inside surface of the patch area and, while it is still
STEP 1: Chip out defective, poorly consolidated or de- wet or “green”, fill the entire area to the surface with the
laminated concrete until sound concrete is encountered. same mortar. Note that Patch’n Plug is a very rapid set-
ting material so it must be applied immediately after the
STEP 2: If corroded reinforcing steel (rebar) is encoun-
scrub coat.
tered the defective rebar should be fully exposed by
chipping and removing any concrete cover until corro- STEP 8: If the void is deeper than 2” (50 mm) it should
sion free rebar is reached. Remove all corrosion from be filled in layers (lifts) of not more than 2” (50 mm). For
the exposed rebar and chip all the way around it such mechanical bond of the next layer, provide profile by
that mortar can be placed on all sides of the rebar. If due scoring the surface of the installed mortar with the tip of
to corrosion the cross section of the rebar is noticeably the trowel. In situations where the repair area requires
reduced advice from a structural engineer on rebar re- multiple lifts reinforcing such as wire mesh mechanically
placement is recommended. attached to the substrate should be considered.
STEP 3: If there are active water leaks in the excavated STEP 9: Apply a coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry at
area create a void of approximately 1” diameter (25 mm) 1.5 lb./sq. yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repair area extending
by about 1” (25 mm) deep at each leak point. to 6” (150 mm) beyond the edge of the patch.
STEP 4: Delineate the chipped area to as close to a sim- STEP 10: Cure the repair area by keeping moist by fog
ple square shape as is practical by saw cutting to mini- spraying periodically with water for two to three days.
mum 3/8” (10 mm) deep or as specified; 3/4” (19 mm) is Open to water contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
preferred. If cutting to this depth will damage the rebar
then reduce the depth of the cut such that the reinforcing Note: When early exposure to water is required eliminate
steel is not impacted. Remove the concrete within the Step 9 and Step 10.
designated repair area to create a straight sided, exca-
vated area.
25
1.3
REPAIR OF DEFECTIVE CONCRETE, ROCK POCKETS OR HONEYCOMBS
For Repair Areas That Are Larger than Approximately 6” (150 mm) in Diameter
Larger Than 6” (150 mm) Diameter STEP 6: Stop any active leaking by filling the 1” (25 mm)
diameter by 1” (25 mm) deep voids at the leak points with
STEP 1: Chip out defective, poorly consolidated or de- Xypex Patch’n Plug.
laminated concrete until sound concrete is encountered.
STEP 7: Apply a scrub coat of Megamix II mortar to the
STEP 2: If corroded reinforcing steel (rebar) is encoun- inside surface of the patch area and, while it is still wet or
tered the defective rebar should be fully exposed by “green”, fill the entire area to the surface with Megamix II.
chipping and removing any concrete cover until corro-
sion free rebar is reached. Remove all corrosion from the STEP 8: If the void is deeper than 2” (50 mm) on a verti-
exposed rebar and chip around the rebar such that cal or horizontal surface or 1½” (37 mm) on an overhead
mortar can be placed on all sides of it. If due to corro- surface the void should be filled in layers (lifts) of not
sion the cross section of the rebar is noticeably reduced more that the stated thicknesses. For mechanical bond
advice from a structural engineer on rebar replacement is of the next layer, provide profile by scoring the surface
recommended. of the installed mortar with the tip of the trowel. In situ-
ations where the repair area requires multiple lifts rein-
STEP 3: If there are active water leaks in the excavated forcing such as wire mesh mechanically attached to the
area create a void of approximately 1” (25 mm) diameter substrate should be considered.
by about 1” (25 mm) deep at each leak point.
STEP 9: Apply a coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5
STEP 4: Delineate the chipped area to as close to a sim- lb./sq. yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repair area and to 6” (150
ple square shape as is practical by saw cutting to mini- mm) beyond the edge of the patch.
mum 3/8” (10 mm) deep or as specified; 3/4” (19 mm) is
preferred. If cutting to this depth will damage the rebar STEP 10: Cure by misting with water to keep moist or by
then reduce the depth of the cut until rebar is not impact- covering with a wet curing blanket for two to three days.
ed. Remove the concrete within the designated repair Open to water contact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
area to the saw cut to create a straight sided excavated
area. Note: When early exposure to water is required eliminate
Step 9 and Step 10.
STEP 5: Remove all loose materials in the excavated
area using a 3,500 - 5,000 psi (250 - 350 bar) pressure
wash and saturate the area with water. Allow the con-
crete to absorb the water until it is in a “saturated, surface
dry” condition.
26
1.3
PIPE THROUGH WALL/SLAB REPAIR PROCEDURES
No Water Flow
Through wall / slab details such as pipes or conduit that are completely encased in concrete at the time of the concrete
pour are a common part of concrete construction. The following procedures for repair of water leaks at these through
concrete utilities are based on circular shapes but may be modified for other shapes as appropriate. These repair meth-
ods have been successfully used on many common piping materials including steel, iron, PVC and HDPE.
Note that fluid bearing pipes may vibrate or move due to the hydraulics within the system or thermal expansion and
contraction. This type of ongoing movement will interrupt with crystalline based healing. In these cases, contact Xypex’s
Technical Services Department for assistance.
No Water Flow – Not Actively Leaking STEP 4: While the slurry coat is still tacky, fill the slot to
the surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the
STEP 1: As shown in the drawing below chip out a “U” following proportions: one part clean water to six parts
shaped slot completely circling the through slab pipe or Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10
conduit. The slot is to be 1” (25 mm) wide by at least 1.5” - 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the mix-
(37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped slot is not acceptable. The ture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, and then compress
slot may be saw cut instead of chipped but ensure that it tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
the slot is dovetailed or otherwise shaped such that there and block.
will be mechanical interlock of materials placed into the
slot at a later stage. STEP 5: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then
apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at coverage of
STEP 2: Remove all loose materials and thoroughly 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to 6”
clean and profile (ICRI CSP-3) the surface of the concrete (150 mm) onto the slab away from the slot.
to 6” (150 mm) around the pipe or conduit. Thoroughly
clean the slot and the surface of the pipe or conduit itself. STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
Lightly sand the surface of the pipe or conduit to pro- cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
vide a profile. Saturate the prepared concrete with water. tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
Allow water to soak into concrete and then remove all
surface water. Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
STEP 3: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at 1. In Step 4, replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm) of
a coverage rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) up the pipe Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
or conduit to the surface of the concrete as well as in the 2. Step 5 and Step 6, eliminate.
slot and to 6” (150 mm) onto the slab away from the slot. 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
Application may be performed by brush or gloved hand. to liquids.
1” 6”
(25 mm) (150 mm)
27
1.3
PIPE THROUGH WALL/SLAB REPAIR PROCEDURES
Against a Flow of Water
STEP 3: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
Plug to half the depth of slot. Patch’n Plug is mixed by cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Patch’n Plug tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
powder by volume. Patch’n Plug should be applied to the
full circumference of the chipped slot. Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 5, replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm) of
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 6 and Step 7, eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
to liquids.
1” 6”
(25 mm) (150 mm)
1.5”
(37 mm)
HYDROSTATIC HYDROSTATIC
PRESSURE - ACTIVE PRESSURE - ACTIVE
LEAKING WATER LEAKING WATER
28
1.3
PIPE THROUGH WALL/SLAB REPAIR PROCEDURES
Against High Pressure Flow of Water
Active Leaking STEP 5: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n
Plug to half the depth of remaining slot area. Remove
STEP 1: As shown in the drawing below chip a “U” bleeder hose and pack hole with Xypex Patch’n Plug to
shaped slot completely circling the through slab pipe or stop all active water flow.
conduit. The slot is to be 1” (25 mm) wide by at least 2” -
3” (50 - 75 mm) deep. A “V” shaped slot is not acceptable. STEP 6: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at
The slot may be saw cut instead of chipped but ensure a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the Patch’n
that the slot is dovetailed or otherwise shaped such that Plug, up the pipe or conduit to the surface of the con-
there will be mechanical interlock of materials placed into crete as well as in the slot and to 6” (150 mm) onto the
the slot at a later stage. slab away from the slot. Application may be performed by
brush or gloved hand.
STEP 2: In area of greatest water flow, drill a hole or
chip cavity 0.5” (13 mm) deeper into slot and interfacing STEP 7: While slurry coat is still tacky, fill slot to surface
with pipe wall to accommodate a bleeder hose. A bleed- with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed in the following
er hose is a minimum 1.5 foot (0.5 m) length of smooth proportions: one part clean water to six parts Concentrate
surfaced, fairly rigid tubing. Its purpose is to relieve the by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel for 10 to 15 seconds
water pressure while joint is being repaired. only (lumps should be present in the mixture). Apply Dry-
Pac by gloved hand, and then compress it tightly using a
STEP 3: Remove all loose materials and thoroughly pneumatic packing device or a hammer and block.
clean and profile (ICRI CSP-3) the surface of the con-
crete to 6” (150 mm) around the pipe or conduit. Thor- STEP 8: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then
oughly clean the slot and the surface of the pipe or con- apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at coverage of
duit itself. Lightly sand the surface of the pipe or conduit 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to
to provide a profile. Saturate the prepared concrete with 6” (150 mm) onto the slab away from the slot.
water. Allow water to soak into concrete and then remove
all surface water. STEP 9: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
STEP 4: Place one end of bleeder hose into the hole tact per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
or cavity and, while holding hose steady, apply Xypex
Patch’n Plug to the slot around the hose. Patch’n Plug is Note:
mixed by adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Patch’n When early exposure to water is required:
Plug powder by volume. Multiple applications of Patch’n 1. In Step 7, replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm) of
Plug may be necessary to secure the hose in place. Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 8 and Step 9, eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
to liquids.
1” 6”
(25 mm) (150 mm)
2” - 3”
(50 - 75 mm)
XYPEX CONCENTRATE DRY-PAC
29
1.3
REPAIR OF LEAKING TIE HOLES
No Water Flow
There are several styles of form ties used in construction today. Regardless of the type of form tie or form tie assembly
used they all can leave a pathway that can become a leak channel for water or other fluids.
It is impossible to detail all of the different styles of ties used in concrete formwork. The following procedure is based
around the typical “Plastic Cone Snap Tie” forming tie system and the cone shaped indent left by it. These procedures
can be used as a basis for repair and modified for other styles of form ties.
No Water Flow – Not Actively Leaking STEP 4: While the slurry coat is still tacky, fill the void
to the surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed
STEP 1: Chip out the void left by the snap tie cone to a in the following proportions: one part clean water to six
“U” shape as per the drawing shown below. The slot is parts Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel
to be approximately 1” (25 mm) in diameter and 1.5” for 10 to 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the
(37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped finished void is not accept- mixture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then compress
able. Cut back any steel to provide an empty void to the it tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
desired depth. and dowel.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the void and to STEP 5: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
12” (300 mm) diameter area around the void. Clean, pro- a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of 1.5
file (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. Allow lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to a 12”
water to be absorbed into the concrete and then remove (300 mm) diameter area around the filled void.
all surface water.
STEP 6: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
STEP 3: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
a coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the inside of tact as per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
the void and to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area around the
chipped void. Application may be performed by brush or Note:
gloved hand. When early exposure to water is required:
1. In Step 4, replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm) of
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
2. Step 5 and Step 6 – eliminate.
3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
to liquids.
FORM TIE
6” (150 mm)
1.5”
(37 mm)
1” (25 mm)
6” (150 mm)
30
1.3
REPAIR OF LEAKING TIE HOLES
Against Flow of Water
Active Leaking STEP 5: While the slurry coat is still tacky, fill the void
to the surface with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac mixed
STEP 1: Chip out the void left by the snap tie cone to in the following proportions: one part clean water to six
a “U” shape as per the drawing shown below. The slot parts Concentrate by volume. Blend Dry-Pac by trowel
is to be approximately 1” (25 mm) in diameter and 1.5” for 10 to 15 seconds only (lumps should be present in the
(37 mm) deep. A “V” shaped finished void is not accept- mixture). Apply Dry-Pac by gloved hand, then compress
able. Cut back any steel to provide an empty void to the it tightly using a pneumatic packing device or a hammer
desired depth. and dowel.
STEP 2: Remove all loose material within the void and STEP 6: Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
to 12” (300 mm) diameter area around the void. Clean, a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage of 1.5
profile (ICRI CSP-3) and saturate this area with water. lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the repaired area and to a 12”
Allow water to be absorbed into the concrete and then (300 mm) diameter area around the filled void.
remove all surface water.
STEP 7: Cure by keeping moist by fog spraying periodi-
STEP 3: To stop active water flow apply Xypex Patch’n cally with water for two to three days. Open to water con-
Plug to half the depth of void. Patch’n Plug is mixed by tact as per Xypex Coatings guidelines.
adding one part clean water to 3.5 parts Patch’n Plug
powder by volume. Note:
When early exposure to water is required:
STEP 4: Apply one slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a 1. In Step 4, replace the top 1/4” - 1/2” (6 - 12 mm) of
coverage of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to inside of the void Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
over the Patch’n Plug and to a 12” (300 mm) diameter 2. Step 5 and Step 6 – eliminate.
area around the chipped void. Application may be per- 3. Allow materials to gain sufficient strength for exposure
formed by brush or gloved hand. to liquids.
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
– ACTIVE LEAKING WATER
FORM TIE
6” (150 mm)
1.5”
1.5”
(37 mm)
1” (25 mm)
6” (150 mm)
31
32
1.4
ESTIMATING TABLE & APPLICATION TOOLS
Estimating Table............................................................................. 1
Application Tools............................................................................ 2
1.4
ESTIMATING TABLE
TITLE
The above is a guide only. Actual usage may vary according to the project.
1
1.4
TITLE
APPLICATION TOOLS
Using the proper tools and equipment and wearing Application Equipment
protective clothing while working with Xypex products
Semi-Stiff Concrete Brush
encourages a safer and more effective result.
Pattern Pistol (Gun & Hopper)
Hy-Flex Spray Pump
Protective Clothing and Equipment Quickspray Carrousel Pump
Hard Hat Water Sprayer
Ear Protectors Packing Gun with Packer Head
Eye Goggles Mechanical Spreader
Safety Glasses
Face Shield Miscellaneous Equipment
Dust and Mist Mask
Extension Cords
Coveralls
Flood Lights
Knee Protectors
Industrial Vacuum (Wet/Dry Capability)
Work Boots
Ladders and Scaffolding
Leather Gloves
Maintenance Tools and Equipment
Rubber Gloves
Power Trowel
Rain Gear
Water Hoses and Spray Nozzles
Sandblasting Protection Gear
Ropes
Space Heating Units
Surface Preparation Equipment Tarpaulins
Sandblaster (Pot and Hose) Ventilation Fans
Chipping Hammer and Chisels
Waterblaster
Scabblers/Scarifiers
For more detailed information, please contact
Crack Chaser
Xypex’s Technical Services Department at
Compressor
604-273-5265 / toll-free 800-961-4477 or your
local Xypex Technical Services Representative.
Mixing Equipment
Mixing Pail
Electric Drill & Mixing Paddle
2
1.5
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
General FAQ......................................................................................1
Coating FAQ.......................................................................................3
Additive FAQ.....................................................................................5
1
1.5
GENERAL FAQ
2
1.5
COATING FAQ
When Applied as a Coating: are: number of Xypex coats, mix design of the concrete,
density, porosity, cement content, exposure to moisture
Can the Xypex coating be applied to the and temperature. Independent testing measured the
negative side of a structure? depth of Xypex crystalline penetration into a cast-in-place
Yes. Although applied as a coating, Xypex is not relying concrete block at 30 cm (approximately 12 inches). The
on its surface bonding capability to achieve its water- test concrete sample was coated on the top surface with
proofing effect. By means of diffusion, the reactive chemi- Xypex Concentrate and left outside the research labora-
cals in the Xypex coating migrate through the capillary tory in ambient temperatures for 12 months.
tracts within the concrete to become an integral part of
the concrete mass. Therefore, the Xypex coating can be Is the Xypex coating affected by
applied to either the positive (water side) or negative side temperature, humidity, ultraviolet
even against strong hydrostatic pressure.
and oxygen levels?
When applied according to specifications, Xypex per-
Is there a preference when choosing
forms at 100% efficiency within -25°F to +265°F (-32°C to
between the positive or negative side? +130°) constant temperatures or within -301°F to +2786°F
Generally, it is recommended that the Xypex coating be (-185°C to +1530°C) periodic temperatures. Humidity,
applied to the positive side (water side), if accessible, ultraviolet and the oxygen level (oxidation) have no effect
so as to ensure maximum benefit. Therefore, new con- on a Xypex coating.
struction specifications almost always call for the use of
the Xypex coating on the positive side (water side). If, What is the appearance of a Xypex coating?
however, the positive side is not accessible e.g. tunnel-
ing projects or rehabilitation of existing structures, the A Xypex coating normally produces a grey-colored,
Xypex coating will be specified for use on the negative cementitious surface. However, Xypex “White” is also
side against the hydrostatic pressure. available.
Can the Xypex coating be applied Can paint and other finishing materials
while the concrete is wet? be applied over a Xypex coating?
Yes. In fact, the concrete must be wet or moist before Yes. In most circumstances paint, epoxy coatings, cement
applying the Xypex slurry coat. Xypex requires mois- parge coats, plaster and stucco can be applied over a
ture to generate the crystalline growth in concrete. The Xypex coating. For further information concerning the
presence of moisture is also necessary to ensure proper interface of the Xypex coating with paint and other finish-
bonding of the slurry coat to the concrete substrate. ing materials, consult with a Xypex Technical Services
Representative.
3
1.5
COATING FAQ
4
1.5
ADDITIVE FAQ
When Applied as a Concrete Additive: admixtures at recommended dosage rates may cause
further extension of set time when used with Xypex Admix.
What is the difference between the various Consult with a Xypex Technical Services Representa-
additives in Xypex’s Admix C-Series? tive for assistance in determining which version of Xypex
All variations of the Admix C-Series contain the same Admix to use and the appropriate dosage rate.
amount of reactive chemicals at their prescribed dosage
rates and provide the same waterproofing and durability Can Xypex Admix be used in concrete
performance characteristics. Xypex Admix C-Series is containing fly ash, micro-silica
available in regular or no-fines grades (NF). Xypex Admix
C-500/C-500 NF is formulated to have minimal or no effect
or slag cement?
on setting time. Xypex Admix C-1000/C-1000 NF is formu- Yes. Xypex Admix is very effective when used in mod-
lated for concrete mix designs where a normal or mildly ern mix designs that incorporate cementitious replace-
delayed set is desired. Xypex Admix C-2000/C-2000 NF is ment materials i.e. fly ash, silica fume and blast furnace
designed for warmer climates and projects where a slower slag. The reactions that take place to form the crystalline
hydration rate is typically required. structure are very complex. During the cement hydration
process, Xypex’s active chemicals not only react with
When is Xypex Admix introduced calcium hydroxide and unhydrated cement particles but
into the concrete mix? also with various metal oxides and mineral salts, regard-
less of the cement type used. Consult with a Xypex Tech-
Xypex Admix is added to the concrete mix at time of nical Services Representative to determine dosage rates
batching. The sequence for the addition of the Admix
for such blended cement mix designs.
powder will vary depending on the type of batching
operation and equipment, e.g. ready-mix plant (dry batch
operation), ready-mix plant (central mix operation), or How are the set time and compressive
precast batch plant. strength of concrete affected by the
addition of Xypex Admix?
What is the recommended dosage rate The set time of concrete is affected by the chemical and
for Xypex Admix? physical composition of ingredients, temperature of the
Xypex Admix is added to the concrete mix at a dosage concrete and climatic conditions. Extension of set time
rate within the range of 2 - 3% by weight of the cement may occur when using Xypex Admix. The amount of ex-
content. Where the “No Fines” (NF) grade is utilized, tended set will depend upon the concrete mix design and
the equivalent dosage rate is 1 - 1.5%. For assistance the dosage rate of the Admix. Concrete containing Xypex
in determining the appropriate dosage rate for a particu- Admix may develop higher ultimate strengths than un-
lar project, consult Xypex technical literature or contact a treated concrete. Trial mixes should be carried out under
Xypex Technical Services Representative. project conditions to determine set time and strength of
the concrete.
5
1.5
DRY SHAKE FAQ
TITLE
6
SPECIFICATIONS
CSI Format • Coating Schematic Drawings • Additive Schematic Drawings
2.1
CSI FORMAT
Section Page
This section of the Xypex Specification and Application Manual utilizes the Section
Format™ of the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) Manual of Practice®. Section
Format provides a uniform approach to organizing specification text by establishing a
structure consisting of three primary parts: General, Products, and Execution. Text
within each of the three parts is divided into articles and subordinate paragraphs and
subparagraphs. The article titles serve as a checklist for consideration by the specifier.
These titles are optional and selections should be based on appropriateness for the
specific situation being addressed. CSI is a USA based professional society for the
specifications community. Xypex Chemical Corporation is aware that other organizations
with different but equally valid specification formats are available and utilized by specifiers
in different parts of the world.
Contact Xypex representatives for alternative formats that incorporate local requirements and standards.
1
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
2
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
treated specimens must be immersed for a minimum E. Manufacturer’s Field Report: Provide copy of report
of 84 days in following chemical solutions: hydrochlo- from manufacturer’s representative confirming that
ric acid (3.5 pH), brake fluid, transformer oil, ethylene the surfaces to which waterproofing material is to be
glycol, toluene, caustic soda. Treated specimens shall applied are in a condition suitable to receive same.
exhibit no detrimental effects after exposure, and
shall have an average of 17% increase in compres- 1.06 Quality Assurance
sive strength versus untreated control specimens.
A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Manufacturer shall be
G. Acid Resistance: Independent testing shall be per- ISO 9001 registered, and shall have no less than 10
formed to determine “Sulfuric Acid Resistance of Con- years experience in manufacturing the cementitious
crete Specimens”. Treated concrete samples shall be crystalline waterproofing materials for the required
tested against untreated control samples. All samples work. Manufacturer must be capable of providing field
shall be immersed in 5% sulfuric acid and weighed service representation during construction phase.
weekly for 10 weeks. Untreated samples shall exhibit Manufacturers who cannot provide ongoing field
at least 8 times more mass loss than treated samples. support or the performance test data specified herein
will not be considered for the project.
H. Carbonation Resistance Testing: Independent
testing shall be performed according to RILEM CPC- B. Applicator: Waterproofing applicator shall be expe-
18 or other recognized accelerated carbonation test. rienced in the installation of cementitious crystalline
Concrete samples shall have a 0.5 w/cm ratio or be waterproofing materials as demonstrated by previous
approximately 30 MPa (4500 psi) in strength. Coated successful installations, and shall be approved by the
samples shall have crystalline coating applied one manufacturer in writing.
day after casting and all samples to be cured for 7
days prior to carbonation. After 91 days exposure to C. Pre-Installation Conference: Prior to installation of
CO2 the coated samples shall show a 35% or greater waterproofing, conduct meeting with waterproofing
reduction in carbonation depth as compared to the applicator, Architect/Engineer, owner’s representative,
control samples. and waterproofing manufacturer’s representative to
verify and review the following:
I. Potable Water Approval: Waterproof material shall
have a current, valid approval certificate from NSF 1. Project requirements for waterproofing as set
(NSF 61), DWI, or other recognized certification out in Contract Document.
agency.
2. Manufacturer’s product data including
application instructions.
1.05 Submittals
3. Substrate conditions, and procedures for
A. General: Submit listed submittals in accordance with
substrate preparation and waterproofing
conditions of the Contract and with Division 1 Submit-
installation.
tal Procedures Section.
D. Technical Consultation: The waterproofing manu-
B. Product Data: Submit product data, including man-
facturer’s representative shall provide technical con-
ufacturer’s specifications, installation instructions,
sultation on waterproofing application and provide
and general recommendations for waterproofing
on-site support as needed.
applications.
C. Test Reports: Submit for acceptance, complete test 1.07 Delivery, Storage and Handling
reports from approved independent testing labora-
A. Ordering: Comply with manufacturer’s ordering in-
tories certifying that waterproofing system conforms
structions and lead time requirements to avoid con-
to performance characteristics and testing require-
struction delays.
ments specified herein.
B. Delivery: Deliver packaged waterproofing materials
D. Manufacturer’s Certification: Provide document
to project site in original undamaged containers, with
signed by manufacturer or manufacturer’s represen-
manufacturer’s labels and seals intact.
tative certifying that the materials to be installed com-
ply with the requirements of this specification.
3
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
4
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
C. Spray Application Mix: Mixing shall be same as a smooth trowel finish is required on horizontal sur-
specified for brush application except that mixture face, crystalline waterproofing material shall be ap-
shall be thinner. Use following proportions as a plied by dry shake method at time of concrete finish-
guide only. Adjust proportions to match type of spray ing in accordance with manufacturer’s product data.
equipment and pressures used. Mixing proportions
shall be as follows: B. Repair of Defects: Concrete defects shall be repaired
in accordance with manufacturer’s technical literature
Coverage Proportions (by Volume) including relevant Method Statements (Section 1.3,
1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) 5 powder to 3 water p. 19-26). Procedures are generally as follows:
D. Dry-Pac Mix: Using a trowel, mix 1 part clean water 1. Cracks and Faulty Construction Joints:
with 6 parts Xypex Concentrate powder for 10 to 15
seconds. It is acceptable that lumps may be present a. Chip out cracks, faulty construction joints and
in mixture. Mix only as much as can be applied in 15 other defects to a depth of 1.5 inches (37 mm) and
minutes. a width of one inch (25 mm). A “V” shaped slot is
not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut instead
of chipped but ensure that the slot is dovetailed
PART 3 – EXECUTION or otherwise shaped such that there will be me-
chanical interlock of materials placed into the slot
3.01 Examination
at a later stage.
A. Site Visit: Prior to waterproofing installation, arrange
visit to project site with waterproofing manufacturer’s b. Clean slot of debris and dust. Soak area with
representative. Representative shall inspect and cer- water and remove excess surface water. Apply
tify that concrete surfaces are in acceptable condition a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate of
to receive waterproofing treatment. 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the slot.
B. Verification of Substrates: Verify that concrete sur- c. While slurry coat is still tacky, fill cavity with Dry-
faces are sound and clean, and that form release Pac. Compress tightly into cavity using pneumatic
agents and materials used to cure the concrete are packer or block and hammer.
fully removed.
d. This step may be omitted if the area filled with
C. Examination for Defects: Examine surfaces to be Dry-Pac will be subsequently covered with Xypex
waterproofed defects such as honeycombing, rock coating. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water,
pockets, faulty construction joints and cracks. Such then apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a
defects to be repaired in accordance to manufactur- coverage rate of 1.5 - 2 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2)
er’s product data and 3.02 below. over the repaired area to a 6” (150 mm) on either
side of slot.
3.02 Preparation 2. Rock Pockets, Honeycombing or Other Defec-
A. Surface Preparation: Smooth surfaces (e.g. where tive Concrete: All areas of poor concrete con-
steel forms are used) or surfaces covered with form solidation (honeycomb or rock pockets) shall be
oil or other contaminants shall be cleaned, water- repaired.
blasted, lightly sand-blasted, or acid etched as nec-
essary to provide a clean absorbent surface. The Note: Where there is active water-flow see Method
surface must also have an open capillary system to Statements or contact Xypex Technical Services
provide “tooth and suction” for the Xypex treatment. Representative for assistance.
A minimum of CSP-3 per the International Concrete
C. Wetting Concrete: Xypex requires a saturated sur-
Repair Institute Concrete Surface Profile Chips or
face dry (SSD) substrate. Concrete surfaces must be
other equivalent standard is required. Surfaces to be
thoroughly saturated with clean water prior to the
acid-etched shall be saturated with water before ap-
application so as to aid the proper diffusion of the
plication of the acid. After acid etching flush concrete
Xypex chemistry and to ensure the growth of the
thoroughly with clean water. Horizontal surfaces
crystalline formation deep within the pores of the
shall have a rough wood float or broom finish. Where
concrete. Remove excess water before the applica-
5
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
tion such that there is no glistening water on the sur- including relevant Method Statements (Section 1.3,
face. If concrete dries out before application, it must p. 30-31). Procedures are generally as follows:
be re-wetted.
1. Prepare the tie hole to create a straight sided
void with a profile of at least ICRI CSP-3. For
3.03 Application through element ties holes such as those created
A. Construction Joints: In addition to specified water- by taper ties the prepared void is to be at least
stops, apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry 5” (125 mm) deep. For cone ties the void is to be
at a rate of 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2) to joint surfaces to the bottom of the cone.
between concrete pours. Moisten surfaces prior to
slurry application. Apply slurry and keep moist for 2. Clean and profile the area to a 12 inch (300 mm)
12 hours then allow slurry to set or dry. Where joint diameter around the tie hole to an ICRI CSP-3
surfaces are not accessible prior to pouring new profile.
concrete, contact Xypex Technical Services Repre-
3. For through-element tie holes create a solid plug
sentative for assistance.
of material at the bottom of the profiled hole using
NOTE: Inclusion, type and position of waterstops are Xypex Patch’n Plug leaving at least 4” (100 mm)
at the discretion of the designer. Expanding water- of empty tie hole from the top of the plug to the
stops may be placed on Xypex after it has dried or surface of the concrete element.
before Xypex slurry application. Xypex slurry may
4. Apply a coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry at a rate
only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the inside of the tie
stop manufacturer.
hole and to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area around
B. Sealing Strips: Where hydrostatic conditions exist, the hole.
sealing strips shall also be applied at construction
5. Fill and compact the tie hole with Xypex Concen-
joints by filling grooves that are created along the
trate Dry-Pac.
joints. Dimensions of the grooves shall be 1 inch (25
mm) wide and 1.5 inches (37 mm) deep. If grooves 6. This step may be omitted if the area filled with
are not pre-formed then chip grooves to those dimen- Dry-Pac will be subsequently covered with Xypex
sions. Fill the groves as follows: coating. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water,
then apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at
1. Apply slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry to
a coverage rate of 1.5 - 2 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2)
slot in accordance with manufacturer’s instruc-
over the repaired area to a 12” (300 mm) diameter
tions or recommendations.
area around the filled void.
2. While slurry coat is still tacky, fill slot with Xypex
D. Surface Application: After repairs, surface prepa-
Concentrate Dry-Pac.
ration, treatment of construction joints and sealing
3. Compact tightly using pneumatic packer or ham- strip placement have been completed in accordance
mer and block. with manufacturer’s product data and as specified
herein, apply Xypex treatment to concrete surfaces
4. This step may be omitted if the area filled with with semi-stiff bristle brush, push broom (for large
Dry-Pac will be subsequently covered with Xypex horizontal surfaces), or suitable spray equipment.
coating. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, The Xypex coating must be uniformly applied and
then apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at should be just under 1/16” (1.25 mm) thick.
a coverage rate of 1.5 - 2 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2)
over sealing strip and extending to 6” (150 mm) Application rates and locations shall be as indicated
on either side. in the drawings and in accordance with manufactur-
er’s product data. When brushing, work slurry well
Note: For further information, see Xypex Schematic into surface of the concrete, filling surface pores and
Drawings for standard construction joint details. hairline cracks. When spraying, hold nozzle close
enough to ensure that slurry is forced into pores and
C. Form Tie Holes: Form tie holes shall be waterproofed hairline cracks.
in accordance with manufacturer’s technical literature
6
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
1. First Coat (of one or two coat application): Apply days and then allow treatment to set for 12 days
Xypex Concentrate slurry coat to locations indi- before filling. For structures holding hot or corrosive
cated on drawings in accordance with manufac- liquids, cure waterproofing treatment for three days
turer’s product data. and allow to set for 18 days before filling.
2. Second Coat (of two coat application): Where D. Protection: During the curing period, protect treated
indicated on drawings or as required by manu- surfaces from damage by wind, sun, rain, puddling
facturer’s product data, apply Xypex Modified or of water and temperatures below 36°F (2°C). If plas-
Xypex Concentrate slurry coat after the first coat tic sheeting is used for protection, it must be raised
of Xypex Concentrate has reached an initial set off of the waterproofing coating to allow sufficient air
but while it is still “green” (less than 48 hours). Cur- circulation.
ing by misting the coating with water should be
done between coats. Ensure first coat is in SSD 3.05 Interface With Other Materials
condition before application of the second coat.
A. Backfilling: Do not backfill for 36 hours after appli-
Note: Prior to the installation, it is recommended that cation. If backfill takes place within seven days after
a test section be completed under anticipated am- application, then backfill material shall be moist so
bient and project conditions to demonstrate accept- as not to draw moisture from waterproof coating.
able bond.
B. Paint, Epoxy or Similar Coatings: Do not proceed
E. Sandwich (Topping) Application: When treated with surface preparation or application of paint or oth-
structural slabs are to receive a concrete or other er coatings until waterproofing treatment has cured
topping, place the topping while waterproofing mate- and set for a minimum of 21 days. Light abrasive
rial is still “green” (less than 48 hours) but after it has blasting or washing the Xypex surface with a 3 - 5%
reached an initial set. The preferred time frame is 12 acid solution followed by a rigorous rinse with clean
to 24 hours after the installation of Xypex coating. water is recommended before applying the coating.
Curing by misting the coating with water should be Be sure to flush all acid off the surface. Alternately, re-
done between application of coating and installation moval of the Xypex coating by high pressure washing
of concrete overlay. Ensure coating is in SSD condi- or abrasive blasting following full curing is acceptable.
tion prior to placement of concrete. Consult epoxy and paint manufacturer for additional
coating instructions and restrictions.
3.04 Curing C. Grout, Cement Parge Coat, Plaster or Stucco: It
A. General: Begin curing as soon as Xypex coating is recommended that any other cementitious system
has hardened sufficiently so as not to be damaged be applied over the Xypex coating after the Xypex
by a fine spray. Cure Xypex treatment with a mist has completely set but while it is still “green” (12 to
fog spray of clean water three times a day for 2 to 3 48 hours). The 12 to 24 hour window is considered
days, or cover treated surfaces with damp burlap for ideal. Contact your Xypex Technical Services Rep-
the prescribed period. In warm climates, more than resentative regarding surface preparation and other
three sprayings per day may be necessary to pre- procedures for installations of other materials onto
vent excessive drying of coating. Xypex coatings older than 48 hours. Alternately, re-
moval of the Xypex coating by high pressure washing
B. Air Circulation: Do not lay plastic sheeting directly or abrasive blasting following the full 21 day curing
on the waterproofing coating as air contact is required is acceptable. Use of a polymer additive to help im-
for proper curing. If poor air circulation exists in prove bond in the over coating mortar mix should be
treated areas, it may be necessary to provide fans or considered.
blown air to aid in curing of waterproofing treatment.
D. Responsibility to Ensure Compatibility: Xypex
C. Holding Structures: For water holding structures Chemical Corporation makes no representations or
such as swimming pools, reservoirs, water treatment warranties regarding compatibility of Xypex treatment
tanks and wet wells, cure Xypex treatment for three with coatings, plasters, stuccos, tiles or other surface-
7
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING COATING
applied materials. It shall be the responsibility of the B. Protection: Take measures to protect completed
installer of the surface-applied material that is to be Xypex coating until the coating is hard enough to
applied over the Xypex waterproofing treatment, to not be damaged. In normal conditions protect from
take whatever measures are necessary, including pedestrian traffic for 3 days and vehicular traffic for 7
testing, to ensure acceptance by or adhesion to the days. If coatings will be exposed to ongoing vehicular
waterproofing treatment. traffic or other abrasive environments consult Xypex
Technical Services.
Note: Prior to the installation, it is recommended that a
test section be completed under anticipated ambient
END OF SECTION 071616
and project conditions to demonstrate acceptable bond.
2. Monitoring:
8
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
SECTION 033000 the following standards and conditions, and the test-
ing results shall meet or exceed the performance re-
PART 1 – GENERAL quirements as specified herein.
1.01 Summary B. Independent Laboratory: Testing shall have been
A. Section Includes: Furnishing of all labor, materials, performed by an accredited independent laboratory
services and equipment necessary for the supply meeting the requirements of ASTM E 329 or other
and installation of crystalline waterproofing addi- applicable international standard for certification of
tive to concrete as indicated on the drawings and as testing laboratories. Testing laboratory shall have
specified herein. obtained all control and treated concrete samples.
9
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
H. Compressive Strength: Concrete samples contain- concrete placer and waterproofing manufacturer’s
ing the crystalline waterproofing additive shall be representative to verify and review the following:
tested against an untreated control sample of the
same mix. At 28 days, the treated samples shall ex- 1. Project requirements for waterproofing as set
hibit equal or increased compressive strength over out in Contract Documents.
the control sample. 2. Manufacturer’s product data including mixing
and installation instructions.
I. Potable Water Approval: Waterproof material shall
have a current, valid approval certificate from NSF D. Technical Consultation: The waterproofing manu-
(NSF 61), DWI, or other recognized certification facturer’s representative shall provide technical con-
agency. sultation on waterproofing applications and shall
provide on-site support as needed.
1.05 Submittals
A. General: Submit listed submittals in accordance 1.07 Delivery, Storage and Handling
with conditions of the Contract and with Division 1 A. Ordering: Comply with manufacturer’s ordering in-
Submittal Procedures Section. structions and lead time requirements to avoid con-
struction delays.
B. Product Data: Submit product data, including man-
ufacturer’s specifications, installation instructions, B. Delivery: Deliver packaged waterproofing materials
and general recommendations for waterproofing to project site in original undamaged containers, with
applications. manufacturer’s labels and seals intact.
C. Test Reports: Submit, for acceptance, complete test C. Storage: Store waterproofing materials in dry, en-
reports from approved independent testing laborato- closed location, at a minimum temperature of 45ºF
ries certifying that waterproofing system conforms (7ºC).
to performance characteristics and testing require-
ments specified herein.
1.08 Warranty
D. Manufacturer’s Certification: Provide document A. Project Warranty: Refer to conditions of the Contract
signed by manufacturer or manufacturer’s repre- for project warranty provisions.
sentative certifying that the materials to be installed
comply with the requirements of this specification. B. Manufacturer’s Warranty: Manufacturer shall pro-
vide standard product warranty executed by autho-
rized company official.
1.06 Quality Assurance
A. Manufacturer Qualifications: Manufacturer to be
ISO 9001 registered, and to have no less than 10 PART 2 – PRODUCTS
years experience in manufacturing the crystalline 2.01 Materials
waterproofing additive for the required work. Manu-
A. Acceptable Manufacturer:
facturer must be capable of providing field service
representation during construction phase. Manufac- Xypex Chemical Corporation
turers who cannot provide ongoing field support or 13731 Mayfield Place
who cannot provide the performance test data speci- Richmond, B.C., Canada V6V 2G9
fied herein will not be considered for the project. Tel: 800 961.4477 or 604 273.5265
Fax: 604 270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com
B. Installer: Ready-mix supplier and/or installer of Website: www.xypex.com
crystalline waterproofing additive shall be approved
by the manufacturer or manufacturer’s representa- Note: Acceptable manufacturers include all
tive in writing. licensed manufacturing operations of Xypex
Chemical Corporation.
C. Pre-Installation Conference: Prior to installation of
waterproofing system, conduct meeting with Architect/
Engineer, owner’s representative, concrete supplier,
10
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
B. Proprietary Products: Xypex crystalline waterproof- B. Setting Time and Strength: Some delay of set
ing materials as follows: may occur when using Xypex Admix products. The
amount of set delay will depend upon the concrete
1. Xypex Admix C-500 / C-500 NF mix design, the particular Admix product used, dos-
2. Xypex Admix C-1000 / C-1000 NF age rate of the Admix, temperature of the concrete
3. Xypex Admix C-2000 / C-2000 NF and climatic conditions. Concrete containing a Xypex
Admix product may develop higher ultimate strengths
C. Substitutions: No substitutions permitted.
than plain concrete. Conduct trial mixes under proj-
D. Source Quality: Obtain all proprietary crystalline ect conditions to determine setting time and strength
waterproofing products from a single manufacturer. of the concrete. Consult with manufacturer or manu-
facturer’s representative regarding concrete mix de-
sign, project conditions and proper dosage rate.
2.02 Dosage
A. General: Xypex Admix must be added to concrete C. Weather Conditions: For mixing, transporting and
mix at time of batching. placing concrete under conditions of high tempera-
ture or low temperature, follow concrete practices
B. Dosage Rate: Under normal conditions, the crys- such as those referred to in ACI 305R (Hot Weather
talline waterproofing powder shall be added to the Concreting) and ACI 306R (Cold Weather Concret-
concrete mix at the following rates: ing) or other applicable standards.
11
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
other components and utilize high speed mix- joints. Dimensions of the grooves shall be 1 inch (25
ing to ensure homogeneity of mix. Where there mm) wide and 1.5 inches (37 mm) deep. If grooves
may be insufficient water for thorough dispersion are not been pre-formed then chip grooves to those
of the bulk powder, mix the Admix powder with dimensions. Fill the groves as follows:
water to form a slurry and add to the truck mixer
drum prior to batching. Account for added water 1. Apply slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate to slot in
in the mix design and slump. accordance with manufacturer’s instructions or
recommendations.
3. Addition to Central Mixer: Load the Xypex Admix
in bulk powder form or in soluble bags along with 2. While slurry coat is still tacky, fill slot with Xypex
the other components. Mix in accordance with Concentrate Dry-Pac.
standard batching practices to ensure thorough
dispersion and a homogeneous mixture. Account 3. Compact tightly using pneumatic packer or ham-
for worker safety issues when accessing the mer and block.
equipment.
4. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
4. Precast Batch Plant - Pan Type Mixer: Add Xypex a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage
Admix to the rock and sand, then mix thoroughly rate of 1.5 - 2 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2) over sealing
strip and extending to 6” (150 mm) on either side.
for 2 - 3 minutes before adding the cement and
water. The total concrete mass shall be blended
Note: For further information, see Xypex Schematic
using standard practices. Drawings for standard construction joint details.
Note 1: Although addition on site in powder form E. Form Tie Holes: Form tie holes shall be waterproofed
is not normally recommended, it may be neces- in accordance with manufacturer’s technical literature
sary. In such a case, add Xypex Admix to truck in
including relevant Method Statements (Section 1.3,
slurry form (e.g. 3 parts powder to 2 parts water
p. 11-15). Procedures are generally as follows:
by volume). Mix concrete for a minimum of 5 min-
utes on high speed or until thoroughly dispersed. 1. Prepare the tie hole to create a straight sided
Account for added water in the mix design and void with a profile of at least ICRI CSP-3. For
slump. through element ties holes such as those created
by taper ties the prepared void is to be at least 5”
Note 2: Consult with local Xypex Technical Ser-
(125 mm) deep. For cone ties the void is to be to
vices Representative concerning additional pro-
the bottom of the cone.
cedures for addition and mixing.
2. Clean and profile the area to a 6 inch (150 mm)
C. Construction and Cold Joints: In addition to speci-
diameter around the tie hole to an ICRI CSP-3
fied waterstops apply one coat of Xypex Concen-
profile.
trate slurry at a rate of 2 lb./sq.yd. (1 kg/m2) to joint
surfaces between concrete pours. Moisten surfaces 3. For through-element tie holes create a solid plug
prior to slurry application. Apply slurry and keep of material at the bottom of the profiled hole using
moist for 12 hours then allow slurry to set or dry. Xypex Patch’n Plug leaving at least 4” (100 mm)
Where joint surfaces are not accessible prior to of empty tie hole from the top of the plug to the
pouring new concrete, contact Xypex Technical Ser- surface of the concrete element.
vices Representative for assistance.
4. Apply a coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry at a
Note: Inclusion, type and position of waterstops are rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the inside of
at the discretion of the designer. Expanding water- the tie hole and to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area
stops may be placed on Xypex after it has dried or around the hole.
before Xypex slurry application. Xypex slurry may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by water- 5. Fill and compact the tie hole with Xypex Concen-
stop manufacturer. trate Dry-Pac.
D. Sealing Strips: Where hydrostatic conditions exist, 6. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then apply
sealing strips shall also be applied at construction a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a coverage
joints by filling grooves that are created along the rate of 1.5 - 2 lb. /sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2) over the
12
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
repaired area to a 12” (300 mm) diameter area B. Curing Compounds: Curing compounds may be
around the filled void. used in the event that project requirements or con-
ditions prevent moist curing. Curing compounds
F. Repair of Defects: Concrete defects shall be re- shall comply with ASTM C-309 or other applicable
paired in accordance with manufacturer’s techni- standard.
cal literature including relevant Method Statements
(Section 1.3, p. 19-26). Procedures are generally as 3.06 Protection
follows:
A. Protection: Protect installed product and finished
1. Cracks and Faulty Construction Joints: surfaces from damage during construction.
a. Chip out cracks, faulty construction joints and 3.07 Field Quality Control
other defects to a depth of 1.5 inches (37 mm)
and a width of one inch (25 mm). A “V” shaped A. Examination for Defects: Do not conceal Xypex
slot is not acceptable. The slot may be saw cut treated concrete before it has been observed by Ar-
instead of chipped but ensure that the slot is chitect/Engineer, waterproofing manufacturer’s repre-
dovetailed or otherwise shaped such that there sentative or other designated entities. Concrete shall
will be mechanical interlock of materials placed be examined for structural defects such as honey-
into the slot at a later stage. combing, rock pockets, tie holes, faulty construction
joints, cold joints and cracks larger than 1/64” (0.4
b. Clean slot of debris and dust. Soak area with mm). Such defects to be repaired in accordance with
water and remove excess surface water. Apply a manufacturer’s repair procedures as noted above.
slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the slot. B. Testing for Tanks and Foundation Works
c. While slurry coat is still tacky, fill cavity with Dry- 1. Testing: Fill tanks or, for foundation works, shut
Pac. Compress tightly into cavity using pneumatic off dewatering system as soon as practical so
packer or block and hammer. that the structure shall be exposed to it’s normal
service conditions. Examine for leaks.
d. Wet Dry-Pac surface lightly with water, then
apply a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate at a 2. Monitoring:
coverage rate of 1.5 - 2 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 - 1 kg/m2)
a. Actively leaking cracks and joints shall be left to
over the repaired area to 6” (150 mm) on either
self-heal for as long as practical. Depending on job
side of slot.
site and ambient conditions crack healing can be
2. Rock Pockets, Honeycombing or other defective expected to take several days to weeks.
concrete: All areas of poor concrete consolidation
b. Any crack or joints that do not heal in the allow-
(honeycomb or rock pockets) shall be repaired.
able time frame shall be repaired.
Note: Where there is active water-flow see Method
c. Moving cracks shall be repaired using polyure-
Statements or contact a Xypex Technical Services
thane injection or other appropriate method.
Representative for assistance.
3. Repair: Use Xypex repair procedures to seal any stat-
3.04 Placing ic crack or joint that does not self-heal. See Method
A. Concrete Placement: Concrete placement shall be Statements (Section 1.3, p. 19-24) or contact a Xypex
in accordance with “309R: Guide for Consolidation Technical Services Representative for appropriate re-
of Concrete” or other applicable standard. Special pair procedures.
attention is to be given to consolidation at joints,
Note: lower temperatures will extend the times for
penetrations and other potential leakage locations.
crystalline development.
13
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADDITIVE
14
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING DRY SHAKE
15
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING DRY SHAKE
16
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING DRY SHAKE
terproofing, weather conditions before and during in- When using Xypex Concentrate DS-2 for enhanced
stallation, and protection of the installed waterproof- impact and abrasion resistance, consult with manu-
ing system. facturer or its authorized representative to determine
appropriate coverage rate.
1.08 Warranty
A. Project Warranty: Refer to conditions of the Contract PART 3 – EXECUTION
for project warranty provisions.
3.01 Manufacturer’s Instructions
B. Manufacturer’s Warranty: Manufacturer shall pro- A. Compliance: Comply with manufacturer’s product
vide standard product warranty executed by autho- data regarding installation, including technical bulle-
rized company official. tins, product catalogue, installation instructions and
product packaging labels.
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
3.02 Project Conditions
2.01 Materials A. Air Entrainment: For best results, air content of the
A. Acceptable Manufacturer: concrete should not exceed 3% (natural air only). If
entrained air content is specified (e.g. for concrete
Xypex Chemical Corporation that will be exposed to freeze-thaw cycle), consult
13731 Mayfield Place with a manufacturer’s technical representative for
Richmond, B.C., Canada V6V 2G9 further application information.
Tel: 800.961.4477 or 604.273.5265
Fax: 604.270.0451 E-mail: info@xypex.com B. Water Reducers and Supplementary Cementing
Website: www.xypex.com Materials: For certain concrete mix designs, we rec-
ommend a test panel be produced and evaluated
B. Proprietary Products: Xypex crystalline waterproof- for finishing. For example, higher performance con-
ing materials as follows: crete with a low water/ cement ratio, air entrainment,
superplasticizers, fly ash or silica fume may reduce
1. Xypex Concentrate DS-1 (general applications)
bleed water and make the concrete more difficult to
2. Xypex Concentrate DS-2 (where enhanced abra- finish. Consult with Xypex Technical Services for as-
sion resistance is required) sistance.
Note: Supplemental specifications are available C. Crack Control: All reinforcement shall be in accor-
for Xypex Concentrate and Modified (coatings) and dance with applicable standards. Concrete elements
Xypex Admix C-series (additive) products. shall be designed and constructed to minimize and
control cracking.
C. Substitutions: No substitutions permitted.
D. Joint Sealants: Suitable flexible sealant or other
D. Source Quality: Obtain proprietary crystalline water- flexible systems shall be used for expansion joints
proofing products from a single manufacturer. and chronic moving cracks.
17
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING DRY SHAKE
18
2.1
CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING DRY SHAKE
2. Monitoring:
19
20
2.2
COATING SCHEMATIC DRAWINGS
Section Page
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 2: Dampen keyway surface and apply in the corner
Admix Schematic Drawings.
of the keyway a fillet of Xypex Concentrate (dry-pac form
to stiff mortar consistency). Add only enough water to Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
allow the Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac to be applied and details only and does not depict standard requirements
consolidated. for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 3: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to joint surface,
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
including over the sealing strip, at the rate of 2.0 lb./
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2).
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
STEP 4: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, stop manufacturer.
EN or other applicable international standard.
Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating ap-
plication. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
1
2.2
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – NON-TRAFFIC BEARING SLAB & WALLS
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
(1.0 kg/m2). Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
EN or other applicable international standard. details only and does not depict standard requirements
for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
STEP 3: Create a linear groove in the finished concrete
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with and
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
included at all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm)
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep. The linear groove may be
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
offset to either side of the joint.
stop manufacturer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Note 3: The slurry coat over top of the sealing strip can
Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./
be eliminated (Step 5) if Xypex coatings are to be applied
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen-
over the area at a later stage in the project.
trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “seal-
ing strip”. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5 lb./
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
more information.
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
2
2.2
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – WALL ONTO SLAB
NOTE 3
6” (150 mm)
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
(1.0 kg/m2). Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
have direct water contact modify the formwork to create a details only and does not depict standard requirements
linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
groove is to be aligned with the wall to slab joint and is to position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI,
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
stop manufacturer.
including formwork for linear groove.
Note 3: The slurry coat over top of the sealing strip shall
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
be eliminated (Step 5) if Xypex coatings are to be applied
Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./
over the area at a later stage in the project.
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen-
trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “seal- Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
ing strip”. cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5 lb./
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
more information.
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
3
2.2
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – SLAB INTO WALL TO KEEP WATER OUT
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished concrete keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the bottom Admix Schematic Drawings.
of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” (25 mm) Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
deep. details only and does not depict standard requirements
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
including formwork for linear groove. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at
stop manufacturer.
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to joint surface,
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
including over the sealing strip, at the rate of 2.0 lb./
more information.
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2).
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2.
4
2.2
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – SLAB INTO WALL TO KEEP WATER IN
6” (150 mm)
NOTE 3
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
(1.0 kg/m2). Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms details only and does not depict standard requirements
including formwork for linear groove. for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 3: Where the slab will contact the wall, create
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
a linear groove in the finished concrete surface of the
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
slab. The linear groove is to be 1” (35 mm) wide by 1½”
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
(37 mm) deep.
stop manufacturer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Note 3: The slurry coat over top of the sealing strip shall
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
be eliminated (Step 5) if Xypex coatings are to be applied
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
over the area at a later stage in the project.
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
“sealing strip”. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5 lb./
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
more information.
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
5
2.2
STANDARD METAL PIPE DETAIL
6” (150 mm)
1”
(25 mm)
NOTE 2
STEP 1: Clean outside surface of pipe thoroughly and Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
roughen with wire brush, sandpaper or other means. Ap- details only and does not depict standard requirements
ply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat to pipe surface at the for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 2: On water side modify the forms around the pipe
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
to create a linear groove in the finished concrete sur-
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
face. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½”
stop manufacturer.
(37 mm) deep and is to fully encircle the pipe.
Note 2: The slurry coat over top of the sealing strip shall
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI,
be eliminated (Step 5) if Xypex coatings are to be applied
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
over the area at a later stage in the project.
including formwork for linear groove.
Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
more information.
“sealing strip”.
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(150 mm) from pipe. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in accordance
with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
6
2.2
CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – INSIDE APPLICATION – WALL INTO SLAB
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1”
STEP 8: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
(25 mm) deep.
spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days.
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI,
Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
including formwork for linear groove.
for assistance.
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with
Admix Schematic Drawings.
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create
the Xypex “sealing strip”. Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
details only and does not depict standard requirements
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 2.0 lb./sq.yd. for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
(1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the full position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
area of contact with the slab. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2. coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
STEP 6: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the in-
stop manufacturer.
side of walls and top of the slabs that will receive Xypex
coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and suction” ICRI Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no glistening cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
water on the surface. Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
STEP 7: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate
more information.
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still
7
2.2
CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – OUTSIDE APPLICATION – WALL ONTO SLAB
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1”
STEP 8: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
(25 mm) deep.
spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, and place into service as per Xypex coatings guidelines.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
including formwork for linear groove.
tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. for assistance.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at
Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Admix Schematic Drawings.
the Xypex “sealing strip”.
Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 2.0 lb./sq.yd. details only and does not depict standard requirements
(1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the full for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
area of contact with the slab. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
STEP 6: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the out-
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
side surface of all walls and the top surface of slabs that
stop manufacturer.
will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth
and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
with no glistening water on the surface. cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
STEP 7: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat
more information.
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still
8
2.2
MULTI-LEVEL CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – BELOW GRADE – SLAB INTO WALL
STEP 1: Where the bottom slab will contact the wall mod- STEP 10: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the
ify the wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished out- side surface of all walls and other concrete that will
concrete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to have a “tooth and
the bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no
1” (25 mm) deep. glistening water on the surface.
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, STEP 11: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second
including formwork for linear groove. coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con-
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- STEP 12: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. fog spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 2.0 lb./sq.yd.
(1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the full Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
area of contact with the slab. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
for assistance.
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2.
Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
STEP 6: Clean wall joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Con- keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
centrate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. the Admix Schematic Drawings.
(1.0 kg/m2).
Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
STEP 7: Modify the forms to create a linear groove in the details only and does not depict standard requirements
exterior finished concrete surface at the suspended slab for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
to wall joint. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
1½” (37 mm) deep. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 8: Pour suspended slab as per Step 2 and strip coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
forms including formwork for linear groove. may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
stop manufacturer.
STEP 9: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
the Xypex “sealing strip”. C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
9
2.2
RETAINING WALL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will
have direct water contact, modify the forms to create a STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
groove is to be aligned with and included at all construc- and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
tion joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm)
Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situ-
deep.
ations. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, for assistance.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
including formwork for linear groove.
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Admix Schematic Drawings.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
details only and does not depict standard requirements
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
“sealing strip”. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the side er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
of all walls that will have direct water contact and other coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
concrete that will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
have a “tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully stop manufacturer.
saturated with no glistening water on the surface. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
10
2.2
PARKING DECK
STEP 1: Clean joints, including keyway, thoroughly. riod. Damp burlap and specialty curing blankets may also
be used. Contact Xypex regarding additional hardening
STEP 2: Dampen keyway surface and apply in the cor-
of the coatings and opening to traffic.
ner of the keyway a fillet of Xypex Concentrate (dry-pac
to stiff mortar consistency). Add only enough water to Note 1: Parking decks are normally subject to variable live
allow the Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac to be applied and loads that may create movement in cracks beyond the
consolidated. ability of Xypex to heal. Consult Xypex Technical Services
Representative for assistance.
STEP 3: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to joint surfac-
es, including over the sealing strip, at the rate of 2.0 lb./ Note 2: A single heavy coat may be used in some situ-
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). ations. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
for assistance.
STEP 4: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI,
EN or other applicable international standard. Note 3: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the sur- Admix Schematic Drawings.
face of the slab and other concrete that will receive Xypex
coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and suction” ICRI Note 4: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no glistening details only and does not depict standard requirements
water on the surface. for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
“green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate stop manufacturer.
or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). Note 5: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Care must C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
be taken to avoid puddling of water during the curing pe- more information.
11
2.2
ROOF / PLAZA DECK
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Fill and
(1.0 kg/m2). place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, Note 1: Roof / plaza decks can be subject to variable
EN or other applicable international standard. live loads that may create movement in cracks beyond
the ability of Xypex to heal. Contact Xypex Technical Ser-
STEP 3: On top side of the concrete slab create a linear
vices Representative for assistance.
groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear groove
is to be aligned with and included at all construction joints Note 2: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
and to be 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep. The tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
linear groove may be offset to either side of the joint. for assistance.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 3: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- the Admix Schematic Drawings.
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex Note 4: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
“sealing strip”. details only and does not depict standard requirements
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the con- for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
crete that will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to have a position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
“tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully satu- er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
rated with no glistening water on the surface. coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate
stop manufacturer.
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still Note 5: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
“green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./ Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
12
2.2
HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR PIT
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- linear groove with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the tightly to create the Xypex “sealing strip”.
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” STEP 10: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the sur-
(25 mm) deep. face of all walls and other concrete that will receive Xy-
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, pex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and suction”
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no glisten-
including formwork for linear groove. ing water on the surface
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. STEP 11: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con-
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
- 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 g/m2).
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the STEP 12: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or
full area of contact with the slab. fog spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days.
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at a rate of Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the in ground cylinder cas- tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
ing where the concrete slab will interface with the steel for assistance.
cylinder. Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
STEP 6: Pour bottom slab as per Step 2. Tool around keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
the in ground cylinder to form a 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” the Admix Schematic Drawings.
(37 mm) deep linear groove around the cylinder casing. Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate details only and does not depict standard requirements
slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concentrate Dry- position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “sealing strip”. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 7: Modify the forms to create a linear groove in coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
the finished concrete surface at the upper slab to wall may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
joint. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” stop manufacturer.
(37 mm) deep. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 8: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
STEP 9: Pour concrete and strip forms. Clean linear more information.
groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the
13
2.2
ELEVATOR PIT / SUMP PIT
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and suction”
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no glistening
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the water on the surface.
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” STEP 10: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the
(25 mm) deep. rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con-
including formwork for linear groove. centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at STEP 11: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove fog spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days.
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situ-
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. ations. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 2.0 lb./sq.yd. for assistance.
(1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the full area Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
of contact with the slab. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 5: Pour bottom slab as per Step 2. Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 6: Modify the forms to create a linear groove in Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
the finished concrete surface at the upper slab to wall details only and does not depict standard requirements
joint. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
(37 mm) deep. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 7: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2).
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
STEP 8: Pour concrete and strip forms. Clean linear stop manufacturer.
groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the
Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
linear groove with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
tightly to create the Xypex “sealing strip”.
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
STEP 9: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the sur- more information.
face of all walls, floor and other concrete that will receive
14
2.2
PLANTER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
(1.0 kg/m2).
STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
STEP 2: On the inside of the planter, modify the forms to spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Fill and
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
(37 mm) deep. for assistance.
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
including formwork for linear groove. Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 details only and does not depict standard requirements
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
“sealing strip”. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the in- coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
side surface of all walls, floor and other concrete that will may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to have a “tooth and stop manufacturer.
suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
glistening water on the surface. cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second coat C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
is required after the Concentrate has set but while it is still more information.
“green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Concentrate
15
2.2
TUNNEL
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the glistening water on the surface.
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” STEP 11: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the
(25 mm) deep. rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second
STEP 2: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con-
including formwork for linear groove. centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at STEP 12: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove fog spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. Note 1: Interior application of coatings is shown. Exte-
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./ rior application on walls and roof are also acceptable and
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the preferred for new construction.
full area of contact with the slab. Note 2: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
for assistance.
STEP 6: At the bottom exterior surface of the upper slab
to wall construction joint modify the forms to create a lin- Note 3: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
ear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. the Admix Schematic Drawings.
STEP 7: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate Note 4: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). details only and does not depict standard requirements
for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
STEP 8: Pour concrete and strip forms. Clean linear position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
linear groove with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
tightly to create the Xypex “sealing strip”. stop manufacturer.
STEP 9: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at 1.5 lb./ Note 5: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6” cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac- Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures. C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
STEP 10: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the sur- more information.
face of all walls, floor, roof and other concrete that will
16
2.2
SWIMMING POOL
If tile, plaster or other finish will be applied, see Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/
Method Statement”Waterproofing of Dry-Mix Shotcrete m2). If tile, plaster or other finish will be applied, replace
Pools” (Section 1.3, p. 7-8) or contact Xypex Technical two coats with one heavy coat, 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2)
Services for more information. of Xypex Concentrate slurry. See Xypex Method State-
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate ment “Dry Mix Shotcrete Pools” or contact Xypex Techni-
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). cal Services for more information.
STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
STEP 2: On the inside of the pool, where the slab will
spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Fill with
contact the wall, create a linear groove in the finished
water and place into service per Xypex coatings guide-
concrete surface of the slab. The linear groove is to be
lines or in accordance with Xypex Method Statement.
aligned with and included at all slab to wall construction
joints and to be 1” (35 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep. Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI,
for assistance.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms
including formwork for linear groove. Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
the Admix Schematic Drawings.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex details only and does not depict standard requirements
“sealing strip”. for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the in-
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
side surface of all walls, floor and other concrete that will
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no
stop manufacturer.
glistening water on the surface.
Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). After the Con-
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
centrate has set but while it is still “green”, apply either
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
a second coat of Xypex Concentrate or a coat of Xypex
more information.
17
2.2
SEWAGE CLARIFIER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 -
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). 0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Fill with liq-
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at uid and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” Note 1: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
(37 mm) deep. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, Admix Schematic Drawings.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms Note 2: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
including formwork for linear groove. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex for assistance.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./ Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen- details only and does not depict standard requirements
trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “sealing for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
strip”. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the inside er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
surface of all walls, floor and other concrete that will re- coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
ceive Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth and may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no stop manufacturer.
glistening water on the surface. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). After the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
Concentrate has set but while it is still “green”, apply C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
either a second coat of Xypex Concentrate or a coat of more information.
18
2.2
WALL WITH KICKER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). - 0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Place into
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
(37 mm) deep. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, for assistance.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
including formwork for linear groove. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Admix Schematic Drawings.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- details only and does not depict standard requirements
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
“sealing strip”. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
inside surface of all walls, floor and other concrete that coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces shall have a “tooth may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated stop manufacturer.
with no glistening water on the surface. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). After the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
Concentrate has set but while it is still “green”, apply ei- C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
ther a second coat of Xypex Concentrate or a coat of more information.
19
2.2
RESERVOIR / WET WELL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
(1.0 kg/m2).
STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Fill with
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. water and place into service per Xypex coatings guide-
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at lines.
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
(37 mm) deep. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, for assistance.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
including formwork for linear groove. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex the Admix Schematic Drawings.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- details only and does not depict standard requirements
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
“sealing strip”. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the inside er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
surface of all walls, floor and the outside surface of the coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
roof. Surfaces to have a “tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
profile and be fully saturated with no glistening water on stop manufacturer.
the surface. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con- more information.
20
2.2
UNDERGROUND VAULT / DRY WELL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate centrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of 1.25
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 2: On the outside of vault/dry well, modify the forms STEP 7: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
to create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
(37 mm) deep. tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Pour concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, for assistance.
EN or other applicable international standard. Strip forms Note 2: Details are shown for joints that incorporate a
including formwork for linear groove. keyway. Non-keyway joint assemblies are illustrated in the
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Admix Schematic Drawings.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
Note 3: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- details only and does not depict standard requirements
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
“sealing strip”. position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
STEP 5: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the sur- er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
face of the floor and the outside surface of the walls, roof, coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
accessway and other concrete that will receive Xypex may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
coatings. Surfaces to have a “tooth and suction” ICRI stop manufacturer.
CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated with no glistening Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
water on the surface. cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while more information.
it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex Con-
21
2.2
PRECAST CONCRETE MANHOLE
CONCENTRATE SLURRY COAT CONCENTRATE DRY-PAC MODIFIED SLURRY COAT PATCH’N PLUG
Steps 1 and 2 are used when waterproof gasketting STEP 4: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the
or other assemblies are not included. rate of 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2). If a second
STEP 1: Place blocks in joints to allow 0.5” - 0.75” (13 - coat is required after the Concentrate has set but while
19 mm) gap between precast sections. Fill exterior gap it is still “green”, apply either another coat of Xypex
with Xypex Patch’n Plug or Xypex Megamix II to a depth Concentrate or a coat of Xypex Modified at the rate of
of 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm). 1.25 - 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.65 - 0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 2: In the interior of the manhole, apply slurry of STEP 5: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
Xypex Concentrate to the interior gap at the rate of 1.5 lb./ spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Backfill
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) then fill gap to the surface with Xypex and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines.
Concentrate in Dry-Pac. Note 1: A single heavy coat may be used in some situa-
tions. Contact Xypex Technical Services Representative
STEP 3: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the inside
for assistance.
surface of all walls, floor, invert and other concrete that
will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to have a “tooth Note 2: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully saturated cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
with no glistening water on the surface. Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
22
2.2
CMU BLOCK WALL – BELOW GRADE – EXTERIOR APPLICATION
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- (1.5 - 10 mm) depending on job conditions and require-
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. ments. Dampen Xypex Concentrate surface ahead of ap-
(1.0 kg/m2). plication of Megamix I as required to maintain a damp but
not glistening substrate (saturated surface dry condition).
STEP 2: At the base of the wall on the exterior install
a triangulare cove of good quality, non-polymer modified STEP 7: In most situations, no moist curing of Xypex
mortar. Megamix I is required but in rapid drying conditions,
Megamix I should be allowed to fully set and then be
STEP 3: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the out-
misted periodically to keep moist for 24 hours. Backfill
side surface of all CMU block walls as well as any con-
and place into service per Xypex coatings guidelines
crete surfaces that will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces
to have a “tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
fully saturated with no glistening water on the surface. details only and does not depict standard requirements
for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
STEP 4: As shown, install a fillet of good quality non-
position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
polymer modified mortar at CMU to concrete interface.
er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
STEP 5: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) to all CMU block and may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
concrete. Allow Xypex Concentrate coating to set and stop manufacturer.
harden for between 12 hours and 24 hours (no more than
Note 2: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
48 hours). During this time, moist cure coating per Xypex
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
product data sheet.
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
STEP 6: Apply one coat of Megamix I over top of Xypex C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
Concentrate coated CMU only. Apply Megamix I at a more information.
thickness of 1/8” (3 mm) or 11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2).
Thickness of top coating may be varied from 1/16” - 3/8”
23
2.2
CMU BLOCK WALL – BELOW GRADE – INTERIOR APPLICATION
For information regarding CMU repair and remediation application of Megamix I as required to maintain a damp
see Xypex Method Statement “Waterproofing of CMU/ but not glistening substrate (saturated surface dry condi-
Concrete Block Walls” (Section 1.3, p. 4-5) or contact tion).
Xypex Technical Services for more information. STEP 4: In most situations, no moist curing of Xypex
STEP 1: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the inside Megamix I is required but in rapid drying conditions,
surface of all CMU block walls as well as any concrete Megamix I should be allowed to fully set and then be
surfaces that will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces to misted periodically to keep moist for 24 hours.
have a “tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be fully Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
saturated with no glistening water on the surface. details only and does not depict standard requirements
STEP 2: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) to all CMU block and position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
concrete. Allow Xypex Concentrate coating to set and er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
harden for between 12 hours and 24 hours (no more than coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
48 hours). During this time, moist cure coating per Xypex may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
product data sheet. stop manufacturer.
STEP 3: Apply one coat of Megamix I over top of Xypex Note 2: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
Concentrate coated CMU only. Apply Megamix I at a cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
thickness of 1/8” (3 mm) or 11.25 lb./sq.yd. (5.6 kg/m2). Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
Thickness of top coating may be varied from 1/16” - 3/8” C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
(1.5 - 10 mm) depending on job conditions and require- more information.
ments. Dampen Xypex Concentrate surface ahead of
24
2.2
CMU BLOCK WALL – ABOVE GRADE – EXTERIOR APPLICATION
STEP 1: Thoroughly profile, clean and saturate the out- Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
side surface of all CMU block walls as well as any con- details only and does not depict standard requirements
crete surfaces that will receive Xypex coatings. Surfaces for waterstops or expansion joints. Inclusion, type and
to have a “tooth and suction” ICRI CSP-3 profile and be position of waterstops are at the discretion of the design-
fully saturated with no glistening water on the surface. er. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry
coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat
STEP 2: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate at the rate
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) to all CMU block and concrete.
stop manufacturer.
STEP 3: Cure by keeping coating moist by misting or fog
Note 2: Schematic drawing shows Xypex coating appli-
spraying periodically with water for 2 - 3 days. Open to
cation. Specifier may consider the alternative use of
water contact as per Xypex coatings guidelines.
Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex additive (Admix
C-Series). Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for
more information.
25
26
2.3
TITLE SCHEMATIC DRAWINGS
ADMIX
Section Page
1” (25 mm)
1.5” (37 mm)
1” (25 mm)
1.5” (37 mm)
STEP 1: On the bulkhead formwork modify the forms to Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
The linear groove is to be included at all construction and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
joints. The linear groove is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
1” (25 mm) deep. Position the linear groove to be closer after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
to the wet side of the element. only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
manufacturer.
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear sign at the discretion of the designer.
groove. Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
STEP 3: Clean joints, including linear groove, thoroughly. tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create information.
the Xypex “sealing strip”.
STEP 4: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to joint surface,
including over the sealing strip, at the rate of 2.0 lb./
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2).
1
2.3
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – NON-TRAFFIC BEARING SLAB & WALLS
6” 6”
(150 mm) (150 mm)
6” 1” (25 mm) 6”
(150 mm) (150 mm)
1.5”
1” (25 mm)
(37 mm)
1.5”
(37 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surfaces at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(1.0 kg/m2). (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will
have direct water contact create a linear groove in the Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
finished concrete surface. The linear groove is to be and waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of water-
aligned with and included at all construction joints and stops and expansion joints are at the discretion of the
to be 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep. The linear designer. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the
groove may be offset to either side of the joint. slurry coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry
coat may only be applied over waterstop if approved by
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
waterstop manufacturer.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
groove. sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./ tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “seal- cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
ing strip”. information.
2
2.3
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – WALL ONTO SLAB
Not subject to hydrostatic pressure
6” (150 mm)
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(1.0 kg/m2). (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will
have direct water contact modify the formwork to cre- Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
ate a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
linear groove is to be aligned with the wall to slab joint and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
and is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./ Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “seal- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
ing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
3
2.3
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – SLAB INTO WALL TO KEEP WATER OUT
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 6: Pour slab as per Step 3.
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd.
Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
(1.0 kg/m2).
waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
STEP 2: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
(25 mm) deep. manufacturer.
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
in accordance with AC, EN or other applicable interna- sign at the discretion of the designer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
groove. protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
STEP 4: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. the structure.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
with Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to cre- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
ate the Xypex “sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./ information.
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the
full area of contact with the slab.
4
2.3
STANDARD CONST. JOINT DETAILS – SLAB INTO WALL TO KEEP WATER IN
6” (150 mm)
1” (25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
(1.0 kg/m2). and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
STEP 2: Where the slab will contact the wall, create
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
a linear groove in the finished concrete surface of the
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
slab. The linear groove is to be 1” (35 mm) wide by 1½”
manufacturer.
(37 mm) deep.
Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
sign at the discretion of the designer.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
groove. protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
the structure.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to
6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
5
2.3
STANDARD METAL PIPE DETAIL
6” (150 mm)
1”
(25 mm)
STEP 1: Clean outside surface of pipe thoroughly and STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
roughen with wire brush or sandpaper. Apply Xypex Con- sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
centrate Slurry coat to pipe surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./ (150 mm) from pipe. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in accordance
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On water side modify the forms around the pipe Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
to create a linear groove in the finished concrete sur- waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
face. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
(37 mm) deep and is to fully encircle the pipe. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
information.
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
“sealing strip”.
6
2.3
CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – BELOW GRADE – SLAB INTO WALL
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the STEP 8: Pour wall as per Step 2. Strip forms including
forms to create a linear groove in the finished concrete formwork for linear groove.
surface of the wall. The linear groove is to be aligned with STEP 9: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
the bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by Concentrate slurry to linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./
1” (25 mm) deep. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concen-
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure trate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “seal-
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- ing strip”.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
STEP 10: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
groove.
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with
Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create and waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of water-
the Xypex “sealing strip”. stops and expansion joints are at the discretion of the
STEP 4: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply slurry of Xypex designer. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the
Concentrate at 2.0 lb./ sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing slurry coat after it has dried or before application. Slurry
strip and extending to the full area of contact with the coat may only be applied over waterstop if approved by
slab. waterstop manufacturer.
STEP 5: Pour slab as per Step 2. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 6: Clean wall joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Con-
centrate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
(1.0 kg/m2). protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
the structure.
STEP 7: On the side of the concrete element that will
have direct water contact modify, the forms to create a Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
groove is to be aligned with and included at all construc- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
tion joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
deep. information.
7
2.3
CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – BELOW GRADE – WALL ONTO SLAB
STEP 1: Between pours, apply Xypex Concentrate slurry STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
have direct water contact modify the forms to create a
linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
groove is to be aligned with and included at all construc- waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
tion joints. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
1½” (37 mm) deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on Xypex after it
has dried or before Xypex slurry application. Xypex slurry
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure in
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
accordance with ACI, EN or other accepted quality con-
stop manufacturer.
creting authority. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
the Xypex “sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
8
2.3
CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – BELOW GRADE – WALL ONTO SLAB –
BLIND SIDE FORMING OR INTERIOR SEAL STRIP
STEP 1: Between pours, apply Xypex Concentrate slurry STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
STEP 2: On the interior surface of the concrete element
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
modify the forms to create a linear groove in the finished
concrete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
and included at all construction joints. The linear groove waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
Expanding waterstops may be placed on Xypex after it
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure in
has dried or before Xypex slurry application. Xypex slurry
accordance with ACI, EN or other accepted quality con-
may only be applied over waterstop if approved by water-
creting authority. Strip forms including formwork for linear
stop manufacturer.
groove.
Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
STEP 4: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
sign at the discretion of the designer.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
the Xypex “sealing strip”. dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
9
2.3
MULTI-LEVEL CONCRETE WALL & SLAB – BELOW GRADE – SLAB INTO WALL
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the STEP 9: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly.
forms to create a linear groove in the finished concrete Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at
surface of the wall. The linear groove is to be aligned with the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with
the bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create
1” (25 mm) deep. the Xypex “sealing strip”.
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure STEP 10: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over the exterior vertical surface of the
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear suspended slab and the sealing strips and extending to
groove. 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
STEP 3: Clean joint including linear groove thoroughly. cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
Xypex Concentrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
the Xypex “sealing strip”. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the
manufacturer.
full area of contact with the slab.
Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
STEP 5: Pour bottom slab as per Step 2.
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 6: Modify the forms to create a linear groove in the
Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
exterior finished concrete surface at the suspended slab
protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
to wall joint. The linear groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by
the structure.
1½” (37 mm) deep.
Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
STEP 7: Clean wall joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Con-
tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd.
dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
(1.0 kg/m2).
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
STEP 8: Pour suspended slab as per Step 2 and strip information.
forms including formwork for linear groove.
10
2.3
SPLIT MAT SLAB – NON-AGGRESSIVE SOILS / WATERS
STEP 1: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete to a mini- STEP 6: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
mum depth of 8” (200 mm) to 12” (300 mm) as the final sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to
lift of the slab. Ensure that Xypex Admix treated concrete 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
is poured prior to a cold joint forming and vibrate the cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
layers together. Finish the slab and cure in accordance
Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex installation and
with ACI, EN or other applicable international standard.
waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
STEP 2: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
(1.0 kg/m2). after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
STEP 3: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the
manufacturer.
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con-
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
the top of the slab and is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” sign at the discretion of the designer.
(37 mm) deep. Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
STEP 4: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
groove. information.
STEP 5: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
“sealing strip”.
11
2.3
SPLIT MAT SLAB – AGGRESSIVE SOILS / WATERS
STEP 1: Install stay in place forming assembly as shown lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
to create a shell of Xypex Admix treated concrete around centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
the entire outside area of the matt slab. The shell thick- “sealing strip”.
ness is to be a minimum of 6” (150 mm) to 10” (250 mm). STEP 7: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete to a mini- sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
mum depth of 10” (250 mm) to 14” (350 mm) into the (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
bottom of the slab. Fill the shell as shown. Before the cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
Xypex Admix treated concrete has reached initial set,
Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex installation and
pour the remainder of the concrete (not treated with
waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
Xypex Admix) completing the pour and cure in accor-
and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
dance with ACI, EN or other applicable international
Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
standard.
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. manufacturer.
(1.0 kg/m2).
Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint
STEP 4: Where the slab will contact the wall modify design at the discretion of the designer.
the wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished Note 3: Stayform may be eliminated and Xypex Admix
concrete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with treated concrete mounded in the outside perimeter of
the top of the slab and is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” the slab to create a shell. A minimum thickness of 6”
(37 mm) deep. (150 mm) to 10” (250 mm) of Xypex Admix treated
STEP 5: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure concrete must be maintained in the shell wall.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
groove. coatings, where applicable. Refer to Xypex Standard
STEP 6: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Specifications for more information.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
12
2.3
RETAINING WALL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply one coat of Xypex Concentrate slurry
trate slurry to joint surfaces at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. over the sealing strip and
(1.0 kg/m2). extending to 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72
hours in accordance with normal Xypex coatings curing
STEP 2: On the side of the concrete element that will
procedures.
have direct water contact modify, the forms to create a
linear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
groove is to be aligned with and included at all construc- waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
tion joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
13
2.3
PARKING DECK
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Parking decks are normally subject to variable
trate slurry to joint surfaces at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. live loads that may create movement in cracks beyond
(1.0 kg/m2). the ability of Xypex to heal. Consult your local Xypex
Technical Services Representative.
STEP 2: On the bulkhead formwork modify the forms to
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
The linear groove is to be included at all construction waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
joints and to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” (25 mm) deep. and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
Position the linear groove to be closer to the top side of Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
the element. after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
manufacturer.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear Note 3: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
groove. sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
“sealing strip”. information.
STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the
full area of contact with the slab.
14
2.3
ROOF / PLAZA DECK
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Roof / plaza decks can be subject to variable live
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. loads that may create movement in cracks beyond the
(1.0 kg/m2). ability of Xypex to heal. Consult your local Xypex Techni-
cal Services Representative.
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
tional standard. waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 3: On top side of the concrete slab create a linear
Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear groove
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
is to be aligned with and included at all construction
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
joints and is to be 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep.
manufacturer.
The linear groove may be offset to either side of the joint.
Note 3: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
sign at the discretion of the designer.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
“sealing strip”. dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at the rate of 1.5
information.
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to
6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
15
2.3
HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR PIT
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the STEP 9: Pour upper slab per Step 2 and strip forms.
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- STEP 10: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
(25 mm) deep. centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure “sealing strip”.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- STEP 11: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at the rate of
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extend-
groove. ing to 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours
STEP 3: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex in accordance with normal Xypex coatings curing proce-
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 dures.
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
“sealing strip”. and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./ Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
full area of contact with the slab. only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
manufacturer.
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at a rate of
1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) to the inground cylinder cas- Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
ing where the concrete slab will interface with the steel sign at the discretion of the designer.
cylinder. Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
STEP 6: Pour bottom slab per Step 2. Tool around the protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
inground cylinder to form a 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” the structure.
(37 mm) deep linear groove around the cylinder casing. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
STEP 7: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2). dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
STEP 8: At the bottom of the upper slab to wall construc-
information.
tion joint modify the forms to create a linear groove in the
finished concrete surface. The linear groove is to be 1”
(25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep.
16
2.3
ELEVATOR PIT / SUMP PIT
STEP 1: Where the bottom slab will contact the wall mod- STEP 8: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
ify the wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
concrete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
the bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
1” (25 mm) deep. “sealing strip”.
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure STEP 9: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry at the rate of 1.5
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
groove. cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 3: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
“sealing strip”. after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./
manufacturer.
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the
full area of contact with the slab. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 5: Pour bottom slab per Step 2.
Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
STEP 6: At the bottom of the upper slab to wall construc-
protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
tion joint modify the forms to create a linear groove in the
the structure.
finished concrete surface. The linear groove is to be 1”
(25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
STEP 7: Pour upper slab per Step 2 and strip forms.
dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
17
2.3
PLANTER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
(1.0 kg/m2). and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
STEP 2: On the inside of the planter, modify the forms to
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface.
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at
manufacturer.
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½”
(37 mm) deep. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
groove. dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
information.
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex
“sealing strip”.
STEP 5: Apply Xypex Concentrate slurry coat at 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
18
2.3
TUNNEL
STEP 1: Where the slab will contact the wall modify the STEP 8: Pour upper slab per Step 2 and strip forms.
wall forms to create a linear groove in the finished con- Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concentrate
crete surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with the slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8
bottom of the slab and is to be 1½” (37 mm) high by 1” kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Concentrate Dry-
(25 mm) deep. Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex “sealing strip”.
STEP 2: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure STEP 9: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
groove. cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 3: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
“sealing strip”. after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
STEP 4: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 2.0 lb./
manufacturer.
sq.yd. (1.0 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to the
full area of contact with the slab. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 5: Pour bottom slab per Step 2.
Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
STEP 6: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen-
protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd.
the structure.
(1.0 kg/m2).
Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
STEP 7: At the bottom exterior surface of the upper slab
tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
to wall construction joint modify the forms to create a lin-
dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
ear groove in the finished concrete surface. The linear
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
groove is to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” (37 mm) deep.
information.
19
2.3
SWIMMING POOL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
(1.0 kg/m2).
Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
STEP 2: On the inside of the pool, where the slab will waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
contact the wall, create a linear groove in the finished and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
concrete surface of the slab. The linear groove is to be Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
aligned with and included at all construction joints and after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
is to be 1” (35 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) deep. only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
manufacturer.
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna- Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear sign at the discretion of the designer.
groove. Note 3: Xypex Admix may be considered for footings to
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex protect the concrete and thus extend the service life of
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 the structure.
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
“sealing strip”. dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./ cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6” information.
20
2.3
SEWAGE CLARIFIER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(1.0 kg/m2). (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
(37 mm) deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
21
2.3
WALL WITH KICKER
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(1.0 kg/m2). (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at and waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of water-
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” stops and expansion joints are at the discretion of the
(37 mm) deep. designer. Expanding waterstops may be placed on slur-
ry coat after it has dried or before slurry coat applica-
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
tion. Slurry coat may only be applied over waterstop if
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
approved by waterstop manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
22
2.3
RESERVOIR / WET WELL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(1.0 kg/m2). (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in accor-
dance with normal Xypex Coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the inside of the tank, modify the forms to
create a linear groove in the finished concrete surface. Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
The linear groove is to be aligned with and included at waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) high by 1½” and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
(37 mm) deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
23
2.3
UNDERGROUND VAULT / DRY WELL
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to
(1.0 kg/m2). 6” (150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
STEP 2: On the outside of vault/dry well, modify the
forms to create a linear groove in the finished concrete Note 1: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
surface. The linear groove is to be aligned with and waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
included at all construction joints and to be 1” (25 mm) and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
high by 1½” (37 mm) deep. Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
manufacturer.
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear
groove. Note 2: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 Note 3: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
“sealing strip”. cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
information.
24
2.3
PRECAST CONCRETE MANHOLE
Steps 1 and 2 are used when waterproof gasketting Note: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
or other assemblies are not included. tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
STEP 1: Place blocks in joints to allow 0.5” - 0.75” (13 -
cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
19 mm) gap between precast sections. Fill exterior gap
information.
with Xypex Patch’n Plug or Xypex Megamix II to a depth
of 2” - 3” (50 - 75 mm).
STEP 2: In the interior of the manhole, apply slurry of
Xypex Concentrate to the interior gap at the rate of 1.5
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) then fill gap to the surface with
Xypex Concentrate in Dry-Pac. Apply slurry of Xypex
Concentrate at 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over Dry-Pac
and extending to 6” (150 mm) on either side.
STEP 3: Apply slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate to inte-
rior of bottom ring and floor where the invert interfaces at
a rate of 1.5 lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2).
STEP 4: Place concrete invert using Xypex Admix treated
concrete and cure in accordance with ACI, EN or other
applicable international standard.
25
2.3
BRIDGE
STEP 1: Clean joint thoroughly. Apply Xypex Concen- Note 1: Bridge decks are normally subject to variable
trate slurry to joint surface at the rate of 2.0 lb./sq.yd. live loads that may create movement in cracks beyond
(1.0 kg/m2). the ability of Xypex to heal. Consult your local Xypex
Technical Services Representative.
STEP 2: Where the bridge deck topping slab will contact
the bridge parapet, create a linear groove in the finished Note 2: Schematic diagram shows Xypex application and
concrete surface of the slab. The linear groove is to be waterstops. Inclusion, type and position of waterstops
aligned with and included at all slab to parapet construc- and expansion joints are at the discretion of the designer.
tion joints and to be 1” (25 mm) wide by 1½” (37 mm) Expanding waterstops may be placed on the slurry coat
deep. after it has dried or before application. Slurry coat may
only be applied over waterstop if approved by waterstop
STEP 3: Pour Xypex Admix treated concrete and cure
manufacturer.
in accordance with ACI, EN or other applicable interna-
tional standard. Strip forms including formwork for linear Note 3: Keyways may be incorporated into the joint de-
groove. sign at the discretion of the designer.
STEP 4: Clean linear groove thoroughly. Apply Xypex Note 4: Schematic drawing shows Xypex Admix applica-
Concentrate slurry to the linear groove at the rate of 1.5 tion. Specifier may consider the alternative use of Xypex
lb./sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2). Fill linear groove with Xypex Con- dry shake (DS-Series) or Xypex coatings, where appli-
centrate Dry-Pac and pack tightly to create the Xypex cable. Refer to Xypex Standard Specifications for more
“sealing strip”. information.
STEP 5: Apply slurry of Xypex Concentrate at 1.5 lb./
sq.yd. (0.8 kg/m2) over sealing strip and extending to 6”
(150 mm) on either side. Cure for 48 - 72 hours in ac-
cordance with normal Xypex coatings curing procedures.
26
TESTS & APPROVALS
Test Reports • Approvals
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Amtliche Materialprüfanstalt
Germany
Amtliche
Materialprüfanstalt
Armabeton a.s.
Czech Republic
1
3.1
TEST REPORTS
2
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Bautest Corporation
Germany
BHP Steel
Australia
3
3.1
TEST REPORTS
4
3.1
TEST REPORTS
C.R.S. Ltd.
Japan
5
3.1
TEST REPORTS
DICTUC S.A.
Chile
Gradis Teo
Slovenia
6
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Hönnun Ltd.
Iceland
7
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Hosei University
Japan
Hosei University
Japan
8
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Iwate University
Japan
9
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Kleinfelder
USA
Klokner Institute
Czech Republic
10
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Klokner Institute
Czech Republic
Klokner Institute
Czech Republic
11
3.1
TEST REPORTS
12
3.1
TEST REPORTS
13
3.1
TEST REPORTS
14
3.1
TEST REPORTS
Technologisches Gewerbemuseum
Austria
15
3.1
TEST REPORTS
16
3.1
TEST REPORTS
17
3.1
TEST REPORTS
18
3.1
TEST REPORTS
19
3.1
TEST REPORTS
20
3.1
TEST REPORTS
21
22
3.2
APPROVALS
Section Page
Departments of Transportation................................................ 1
General............................................................................................... 2
Health Safety................................................................................... 7
Environmental................................................................................. 7
Quality Systems.............................................................................. 8
3.2
APPROVALS
DEPARTMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION
1
3.2
APPROVALS
GENERAL
Product Approval
Louisville and Jefferson County Metropolitan
Sewer District
Louisville, KY, USA
Product Approval
BBA British Board of Agrément, Technical Approvals
for Construction
Herts, United Kingdom
Product Approval
BSI Product Services, Construction Products Directive,
Council of European Communities
Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
Product Approval
CEBTP Centre d’Expertise Du Batiment
et des Travaux Publics
Saint-Rémy-Lès-Chevreuse, France
Product Approval
City of Los Angeles,
Department of Building and Safety
Los Angeles, CA, USA
Product Approval
Deutsches Institut Für Bautechnik,
Anstalt des Öffentlichen Rechts (DIBT)
Berlin, Germany
Product Approval
ICC Evaluation Service Inc.
Whittier, CA, USA
Product Approval
Instytut Techniki Budowlanej (ITB)
Warszawa, Poland
2
3.2
APPROVALS
GENERAL (cont.)
Product Approval
NETIS, New Technology Utilization System
for Public Works
Niigata City, Japan
Product Approval
Országos Vízügyi Föigazgatóság (OVF),
State Water Conservancy Directorate
Budapest, Hungary
Product Approval
Vattenfall Utveckling Certifierings,
The State Power Board
Stockholm, Sweden
Product Approval
VUPS Výzkumný Ústav Pozemních Staveb
Praha, Czech Republic
Product Approval
Instytut Badawczy Dróg I Mostów (IBDIM),
Research Institute for Roads and Bridges
Warsaw, Poland
Product Approval
SINTEF Civil and Environmental Engineering Cement
and Concrete
Trondheim, Norway
Product Approval
Technický a Skúšobný Ústav Stavebný (TSUS),
Building Testing and Research Institute
Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Product Approval
City of Atlanta, Department of Watershed Management
Atlanta, GA, USA
3
3.2
APPROVALS
Food Approval
Agriculture Canada, Food Production
and Inspection Branch
Ottawa, ON, Canada
4
3.2
APPROVALS
5
3.2
APPROVALS
6
3.2
APPROVALS
ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL
Environmental Approval
Global Green Tag Pty Ltd
Cannon Hill QLD, Australia
Environmental Approval
Ministry of Environmental Protection, Technical Requirement
for Environmental Labeling Products HJ456-2009
Beijing, China
7
3.2
APPROVALS
ENVIRONMENTAL (cont.)
Environmental Approval
Croatia Green Building Council
Zagreb, Croatia
Environmental Approval
Malaysia Green Building Confederation
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Environmental Approval
Singapore Green Building Council
Singapore
QUALITY SYSTEMS
8
PROJECTS
An Overview of Xypex Projects Around the World
4.1
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Xypex products are well suited for concrete structures used for the collection, pumping and treatment of
wastewater. Concrete pipe, lift stations and tanks must be protected from the water and aggressive chemi-
cals common to sewage. The crystalline waterproofing technology of Xypex works within the concrete to
make it impermeable and resistant to chemical attack. Wastewater is thereby contained and the neighbor-
ing environment and the structure itself is protected.
4.1
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
As Miami-Dade County’s population continues to increase, using reclaimed water enables the MDWASD
to provide a sustainable water resource for its environment and its future.
2
4.1
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
3
4.1
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
4
4.2
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
The structural integrity of holding tanks in water treatment plants depends entirely on the protection of steel
reinforcement from corrosion. Inadequate waterproofing, cracking, joint-failure, and chemical attack are
problems that will result in the deterioration of concrete. The consequences are costly rehabilitation and
significantly reduced service life. Whether used for new construction or the rehabilitation of water treatment
structures, Xypex has gained an exceptional reputation for resisting extreme hydrostatic pressure, chemi-
cal attack and protecting the structural integrity of concrete.
4.2
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Raccoon Creek Water Treatment facility is a conventional surface water treatment plant. Raccoon Creek
is capable of producing up to 5.5MGD with a daily average of 2.5MGD.
This 50-year-old WTP was in fact so deteriorated be- Megamix II made this possible, facilitating a three-phase
cause of years of chemical attack, it was questionable as construction schedule that enabled reconstruction without
to whether repair, instead of full replacement, was even interrupting the water treatment process. Megamix II was
possible especially in light of the ever-higher environmen- used specifically on the flocculation tanks and sedimenta-
tal demands. The engineering study was therefore neces- tion basins. Xypex Megamix I and Concentrate were used
sary and Xypex Megamix II was deemed the preferred on the exposed exterior walls and on the interior surfaces
option. Scheduling was an issue because the communi- of the filter tanks. Xypex Concentrate and Modified were
ties surrounding this facility (which processes 6 million applied to the vertical surfaces and soffits of the numer-
gallons of water per day) were dependent on its continu- ous walkways and Xypex FCM 80 was applied to the sur-
ous operation. face of walkways separating the individual tanks.
2
4.2
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Winneba Waterworks
Winneba, Ghana
This plant consists of a raw water intake and stage pump in the Ayensu river
and two conventional treatment streams. All cracks in the filtration tanks were
repaired using Xypex Patch’n Plug followed by a two-coat application of Xypex
Concentrate and Modified.
3
4.2
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
4
4.3
WATER HOLDING STRUCTURES
Water holding structures are about keeping water inside and Xypex Crystalline Technology, with its ability
to resist extreme hydrostatic pressure, has been used extensively to waterproof and protect the concrete of
a wide variety of water holding structures including reservoirs for potable water, filtration plants, swimming
pools, and aquariums.
4.3
WATER HOLDING STRUCTURES
The Ras Laffan Reservoir, part of the highly prestigious Ras Laffan C project, is designed to hold
63 million gallons and produce 275,000 m3 of potable water per day.
2
4.3
WATER HOLDING STRUCTURES
Gefion Fountain
Copenhagen, Denmark
After removal of the statue and four pool slabs, new slabs were cast with Xypex
Admix blended into the concrete mix. The Xypex coating system (Concentrate
and Modified) was then applied to the existing pool walls, while Xypex Concen-
trate and Patch’n Plug were applied to both the positive and negative sides of
the reservoir under the pump house.
Melbourne Aquarium
Melbourne, Australia
The below-ground aquarium tanks and viewing areas (adjacent to the Yarra
River) exhibited leakage in various areas due to cracks and defective joints. All
leakage was eliminated by using the Xypex concrete repair system (Concentrate
and Patch’n Plug).
3
4.3
WATER HOLDING STRUCTURES
Aquacentrum Barrandov
Prague, Czech Republic
Aquacentrum is a large swimming complex in Barrandov, a neighbourhood of
Prague. This aquapark includes a 25-meter pool, long waterslides and an out-
door pool and play area. Approximately three tonnes of Xypex Admix C-1000
was used to waterproof and protect the slab and walls of the large swimming
pool, and Xypex Patch’n Plug was applied to 200 m of joints.
Aquaria KLCC
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Located within the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Aquaria KLCC is a
world-class aquarium that houses over 250 different species. Xypex was
used to protect the inhabitants against the alkalinity of the concrete while also
protecting various concrete structures against chloride attack. The application
included Xypex Admix C-Series and a two-coat system of Xypex Concentrate
and Modified.
4
4.4
BELOW GRADE
More often than not, Xypex waterproofing takes place underground where concrete requires protection
against any number of potentially invasive water forces. Below grade, the crystalline technology of Xypex
products resists hydrostatic pressure and protects against reinforcing steel corrosion and sulfate attack.
4.4
BELOW GRADE
Willis Building
London, United Kingdom
Changing the London skyline, The Willis Building is the fourth tallest building in the city. Its progressive
environmental strategy surpasses statutory carbon reduction targets and meets the highest standards
for sustainability. Over 15,000 m3 of concrete was used in its construction.
2
4.4
BELOW GRADE
Bank of Tanzania
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Two coats of Xypex Concentrate were applied to exterior vault walls and to the
floor slab. Before application of the second coat, cold joints around the perimeter
of the slab were routed out, treated with a slurry coat of Xypex Concentrate and
then filled with Xypex Patch’n Plug.
Bank of China
Beijing, China
A high water table required the specification and use of Xypex products to
waterproof and protect the basement, cash vaults, service rooms and auditorium
of this IM Pei-designed Bank of China headquarters. The Xypex system was
also used on the raft foundation walls and slab.
3
4.4
BELOW GRADE
4
4.4
BELOW GRADE
The Shard
London, United Kingdom
At 95 storeys, the Shard is the tallest building in the UK – a construction project
that required the largest continuous concrete pour in UK history. Xypex Admix
was used to waterproof and protect areas of the basement as well as the cap-
ping beams and lift pits on various floors. Xypex was also used to waterproof
the Shangri La Hotel swimming pool and spa area on the 52nd floor. In all,
10 tonnes of Xypex Admix C-1000 NF was used to treat 1,500 m3 of concrete.
Saifee Hospital
Mumbai, India
The Xypex crystalline waterproofing system was applied to the floors and re-
taining walls of the three-level basement at this major multi-specialty hospital
overlooking the Arabian Sea. The Xypex coating application was performed
on the negative side (against the water pressure).
ION Orchard
Singapore
Selected once again by Penta-Ocean Construction, Xypex Admix C-1000 NF
was used to waterproof and protect the critical substructure – the basement
and roof slabs – of this large and prestigious retail mall. Using Xypex Admix
in the mix design also provided the added benefit of considerable production
scheduling control. Xypex Concentrate was used to waterproof construction
joints.
5
6
4.5
TUNNELS
Tunnels serve many purposes such as transporting people or goods, accessing minerals from deep in the
earth, or providing conduits for electrical and telecommunications services. Proper waterproofing of tunnels is
one of the most cost effective ways to enhance safety and function as well as increase the service life of these
structures. Xypex Crystalline Technology, and its ability to resist extreme hydrostatic pressure, aggressive soils
and traffic contaminants, is used the world-over to waterproof, protect and enhance the durability of tunnels.
4.5
TUNNELS
Metrorail, commonly called Metro, is the second-busiest rapid transit system in the United States in
number of passenger trips. Since opening in 1976, the Metro network has grown to include five lines,
86 stations, and 106.3 miles (171.1 km) of track.
The Xypex system was not only used to treat large sur-
face areas but was also used extensively for the repair
of severe leakage problems caused by concrete defects
and exposure to strong hydrostatic pressures.
2
4.5
TUNNELS
Delhi Metro
Delhi, India
Xypex Admix C-2000 NF was dosed into 40,000 m3 of concrete to waterproof
and protect the underground stations’ base slabs in the Delhi Metro system.
Using Xypex Admix provided the additional benefit of eliminating the installa-
tion time and inconvenience typical of barrier systems. This resulted in much-
improved production scheduling.
Ankara Subway
Ankara, Turkey
Xypex Patch’n Plug was used to repair 11,000 meters of cracks and construc-
tion joints in this subway tunnel, stopping all water ingress. Xypex Concentrate
and Modified were then applied to surface areas to waterproof and protect the
concrete.
3
4
4.6
BRIDGES
Concrete durability is key in the building of bridges. Xypex’s unique crystalline technology addresses the
many problems that age and aggressive environmental conditions, such as harsh weather and constant
traffic, impose on these concrete structures.
4.6
BRIDGES
The Orinoco and its tributaries constitute the northern most of South America’s four major river systems.
The bridge is a 3.2 km (2 miles) long road-rail crossing, carrying four lanes of highway traffic separated
into two carriageways by a single railway track in the centre.
2
4.6
BRIDGES
Kaunas Bridge
Kaunas, Lithuania
The support columns of the old bridge were treated with Xypex Concentrate.
The Xypex coating system was also used on the entire undersides of the two
new bridges.
M7 Koröshegyi Bridge
Koröshegyi, Hungary
The bridge parapets and storm-water drainage system required protection from
destructive elements such as exhaust gasses, de-icing salts, etc. Because of
this, a two-coat application of Xypex Concentrate and Modified was used to
waterproof and protect both the concrete and the reinforcing steel.
3
4
4.7
MARINE STRUCTURES
Xypex Crystalline Technology protects concrete structures in marine environments – structures that are ex-
posed to the damaging effects of seawater, chlorides and other aggressive elements. Preventing corrosion
of reinforcing steel and consequential concrete degradation has made Xypex an important treatment for a
variety of marine installations including wharfs, bridge pilings, locks, desalination conduits and seawalls.
4.7
MARINE STRUCTURES
Panama Canal
Panama
Since 1914, the Panama Canal has been a conduit of world importance, providing a link between two
great oceans, a passageway annually for more than 14,000 vessels carrying more than 200 million
tonnes of cargo.
2
4.7
MARINE STRUCTURES
Cronulla Marina
Sydney, Australia
The concrete mix used at this marina included Xypex Admix C-2000 NF add-
ed at a dosage rate of 4 kg/m³, and was designed to achieve 32 MPa at 48
hours and 50 MPa in seven days.The two-tonne post-tensioned units of these
floating concrete structures had to be lifted from their formwork 36 - 48 hours
after casting.
Anderson Point
Port Hedland, Australia
Anderson Point is a berthing facility primarily intended for the export of 45 mil-
lion tonnes per annum of iron ore from the Pilbara region of Western Australia to
Asian markets. Xypex Admix C-Series was specified for all concrete elements
of this facility to provide enduring protection for this vital structure.
3
4
4.8
DAMS
Dams, whether for hydroelectric production or water management, are all about water – keeping it secure
and protecting the unique components that are engineered into every dam structure. Xypex Crystalline
Technology has been specified worldwide for the waterproofing and protection of dams, including upstream
and downstream faces, pipe galleries, discharge chambers and spillways.
4.8
DAMS
The Fei Cuei Dam, the largest concrete dam in Taiwan, is located 30 km south of Taipei City near the
mouth of Beishi Creek. The Fei Cuei Reservoir provides the Taipei water supply region with a dependable
source of water for domestic and industrial use. The dam and reservoir began operation in January 1979.
2
4.8
DAMS
Huaylacancha Dam
Huancayo, Peru
Xypex Patch’n Plug was used to repair cold joints after the parge surface coat
was removed from the upstream and downstream faces of this dam. Both
Xypex Concentrate and Modified were then used to waterproof the upstream
face, while a single coat of Concentrate was used on the downstream face.
3
4
4.9
POWER & UTILITIES
Ensuring the integrity of concrete structures and, at the same time, protecting the surrounding environ-
ment is critical in the power industry. Xypex Crystalline Technology products have made an important
contribution in waterproofing and protecting hydroelectric facilities, desalination plants, thermal and nuclear
power stations and cooling tower basins.
4.9
POWER & UTILITIES
J-Parc Synchrotron
Tokai-mura, Japan
The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is a high intensity proton accelerator using
MW class high power beams up to 50 GeV – the highest beam power of any accelerator in the world.
2
4.9
POWER & UTILITIES
Transformer Stations
Ljubljana, Slovenia
The chemical and chloride protection ability of the Xypex Crystalline Technol-
ogy was put to use in repairing the deteriorating concrete structure underneath
the transformers at this electrical facility. Xypex Concentrate and Patch’n Plug
were applied to three transformer stations to prevent oily substances leaching
into the surrounding soil.
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PRECAST
Using the Xypex Admix C-Series of products, precast manufacturers can add value to their products. Xypex
Admix is blended into the concrete at time of batching enabling companies manufacturing precast products
such as manholes, box culverts, pipe, architectural panels and highway median barriers to waterproof and
protect their products before they leave the plant.
4.10
PRECAST
The Jacksonville Electric Authority, supplier of electricity and water to the city of Jacksonville, is the
operator of this wharf that serves as the receipt point for fuel oil used by their electrical plant. Two pipelines
extend from the wharf to storage tanks at the rear of the plant.
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PRECAST
Pennsylvania Turnpike
Pennsylvania, USA
In a four year program that involved the use of more than 1.5 million pounds
of product, Xypex Admix was used in 150 miles of precast concrete barriers
and 5 miles of retaining walls that serve the busy northeast U.S. connector.
Hisense Arena
Melbourne, Australia
Xypex Admix C-1000 NF was blended into the concrete mix to waterproof and
protect the precast bleachers for this multipurpose stadium (formerly named
the Vodafone Arena). The seating design of this stadium is stunningly innova-
tive and the contractors used the latest technology to ensure that the arena
would accommodate a wide range of functions.
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