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Part 2 Well Completion Types
Part 2 Well Completion Types
Part 2
Well Completion Types
By
Prof. Dr. Abdel‐Alim Hashem El‐Sayed
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILO,s)
• Know Types of Completions
• Know Factors Affecting Selection
• Identify Surface and Subsurface Tools
• Select Completion Type
• Solve the Tubing Stress Problems
• Prepare himself for Integrity Malfunction Detection
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Contents
• What is Well Completion?
• Types of Wells
• Degree of Intelligence
• Classifications of Well Completions
• Conceptual Design
What Is Well Completion?
• Completing a well means installing equipment in the well to allow a
safe and controlled flow of petroleum from the well.
• A series of activities to prepare an oil well or a gas well, so that the
well can be flowed in a controlled manner. All wells have to be
completed.
• In addition to the casing that lines the wellbore, tubing and a system
of flow valves must be installed.
• Cannot operate alone ‐ must joint effort with other sub‐disciplines
such as production engineering and reservoir engineering.
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Well Completion Design Process
Ground surface
20” (550 mm) Conductor Pipe, 100 m
Types of Wells
• Wells can be:
• Producers ,
• Injectors.
• Producers can produce:
• Oil,
• Gas,
• Water.
• Injectors can be:
• Hydrocarbon gas,
• Water,
• Steam
• Waste products such as carbon dioxide, sulphur, hydrogen sulphide, etc.
• Multi purposes can be combined :
• Simultaneously (e.g. produce the tubing and inject down the annulus)
• Sequentially (produce hydrocarbons and then convert to water injection duty).
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Degree of Completion Intelligence
• Conventional Wells
• Conventional tools and manual Interaction
• Semi Intelligent (Smart) Wells
• Manual Surface Interaction/Limited
• Downhole communication
• Intelligent (Smart) Wells
• Automatic Surface Interaction/Continuous
• Monitoring/Automatic Flow control/Extensive
• Downhole communication
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Classification of Well Completion Types
CLASSIFICATIONS
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Interface Between Reservoir and Well Bore
Conceptual Design
• Principal decision areas are:
• Type of formation (geology, structure, grains)
• Bottom hole completion technique
• Selection of Production Conduit
• Completion String Facilities
• Completion String Components
• Uncertainty and alternative design
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Open Hole Completion
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Drill to the top • No perforation;
• No selectivity for
of the reservoir production casing; production
• Run and cement cementing; stimulation and
casing logging & log workover (new
• Drill the pay interpretation alternatives)
zone • Less rig time • Liable to “sand out”
• Run completion • Full diameter hole
string to the to • Ability to isolate is
limited to the lower
of the pay zone
part of the hole
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Screened or pre‐slotted liner completion
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Drill to the top of the pay • No perforation • No selectivity for
zone or cementing production
• Run casing to the top of the for the stimulation and
production workover
pay zone
casing; logging • Difficult to isolate
• Drill the pay zone & log zones for
• Run perforated or slotted interpretation production control
liner opposite the pay zone • Less rig time purposes
without cement hanged on • Slightly longer
• Assists in
the casing preventing sand completion time
• Run completion string in to production compared to open
hole completions
the top of the perforated
liner 12
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Types of Screens
Cemented and perforated casing/liner
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Run intermediated • Introduces • Requires logging &
flexibility log interpretation
casing as specified allowing
• Drill to and through isolation of to specify the
the pay zone actual perforation
zones and zones
• Run and cement selection of
production casing zones for • Cost of casing,
or production liner production cementing, logging
• Perforate cemented and/or injection and perforating
casing or liner • Rig time
• Run completion
string
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Upper Completion and
Number of Zones Methods
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Number of Zones and Upper Completions
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Tubingless Casing Flow
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Drill, run and • Larger flow area • Flow segregation problems
cement production • No cost of tubing • Difficulty in killing the well
casing (squeezing or volumetric)
and rig time
• Perforate • Casing exposure to high
production casing • High flow rates pressure
• Install X‐tree on the • Simplicity • Corrosion and erosion
production casing
• Produce through • Ease of logging
production casing and workover
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Annular and Tubing Flow
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Run and cement • Larger flow area
• Casing
production casing • No cost of packer
and rig time
exposure to
or liner
• Perforate
high pressure
• High flow rates
production casing • Simplicity • Corrosion and
or liner erosion of
• Run tubing only • Ease of casing
• Circulation
the well
• Kick‐off (Start
• Produce from flow)
tubing and annulus • Gas lift
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Tubing Flow Without Annular Isolation
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Run and cement • No cost of packer • Casing
production casing and rig time exposure to
or liner high pressure
• Perforate • Simplicity
production casing • Ease of • Corrosion of
or liner • circulation casing
• Run tubing only • Kick‐off (Start
the well flow)
• Produce from • Gas lift
tubing only
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Tubing Flow with Annular Isolation
Description Advantages Disadvantages
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Multiple Zone Completions
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Multiple Zone Completions
• Production from multiple zone reservoirs can be
accomplished by one of the following methods:
• Co‐mingled Flow
• Segregated Flow
• Alternate Flow
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Co‐mingled Flow
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Low total • Fluid mixture (H2S, CO2,
• Flow from two number of sand, HC composition,
or more zones wells and WOR and GOR)
are mixed capital • Various P & K in zones
investment • Production monitoring
• Production and control
plateau • Fluid injection /
stimulation
• Change in production
characteristics (WOR)
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Segregated Flow
Description Advantages Disadvantages
• Flow separated • Control on • Cost
for each zone production rate • Mechanical
or group of and duration complexity
zone
• Remedial work • Reduction in total
• One or group
produce in the • Stimulation flow capacity
tubing • Monitoring • Statistical possibility
• Second or of equipment failure
others produce
in the annulus
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Alternate Flow
Description Advantages Disadvantages
Classification of Completions
MODE OF PRODUCTION
FLOWING WELL ARTIFICIAL LIFT
All previous types are for
flowing wells ESP
Plunger Lift
Gas Lift
Hydraulic Pump
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Rod Pump
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Pumping Unit
Production Casing
ROD PUMP Tubing
Gas
Oil
Tubing Anchor
Plunger
Pump Barrel
Travelling Valve
Stationary Valve
Gas Anchor
Perforations 27
Sump
Jet Pump (Hydraulic Pump)
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Turbine (Hydraulic Pump)
Turbine Unit
Pump
Packer
Turbine Pump 29
Compression
Manifold Gas
Gas Lift Surge
Tank
Water Oil
Motorised
Flowline Valve
Continuous Intermittent
Gas Lift Gas Lift
Gas Supply
Unloading Unloading
Control And
Valves Valves
Metering System
Operating
Gas Lift
Valve (OGLV)
Standing Valve 30
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Plunger Lift P lu g
Valve Lu b rica to r
G as E n erg y S to re d
In Th e C asin g
Liquid Lo ad
S ub - S u rfa ce
P lu nge r
B um p er S prin g
R e trie va ble
Tub ing S top
R e trie va ble
S ta nd in g Valve
R e trie va ble
Tub ing S top
O il A n d G as
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Progressive Cavity
Pump (PCP)
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ESP Pump
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Primary Advantages and Shortcomings of
Each Artificial Lift technology
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Intelligent/Advanced/Smart Wells
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Conventional and Smart
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Zonal Flow Regulation Smart Completions
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Advanced/Intelligent/Smart Completion
• Provide the operator with a completion method that will allow
reconfiguring of well architecture as well as acquisition of real‐time
data whenever needed — without rig intervention!
• Interval Control Valve (ICV)
• Sliding Sleeve
• Binary (open or close) or variable (some degree of choking)
• Optimization of oil production
• Zonal water management
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Intelligent Wells
• Unwanted products
• Water and gas coning
• Cross flow
• Effective depletion
• Multi‐lateral and multi‐layers reservoirs
• Flow control
• Real time monitoring
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Controlled Commingling
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Components
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Interval Control Valve
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Data Management: System Architecture
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Financial Challenges
Multilateral Systems
• What is meant by Multilateral?
• Advantages
• Productivity increases by :
• Increasing sweep efficiency within the reservoir
• Complete drainage of the reservoir
• Ability to produce from multiple reservoir layers
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Multi-lateral Completion
Triple lateral
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General Well Completion String
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Surface Components
Well Head Christmas Tree
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Conclusions
• There are different types of completion
• Each types has pros and cons
• Selection depend on different criteria
• Each type has advantages and disadvantages
• Selection need optimization
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References
• NORSOK Standard D010, 2004. Well integrity in drilling and
well operations.
• George King “An Introduction to the Basic of Well Completion,
Stimulation and Workovers”, Second Edition, Tulsa Oklahoma, 1998
• Jonathan Bellarby “Well Completion Design” First edition 2009
Copyright r 2009 Elsevier B.V., Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box
211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Thank you
?
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