Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mobatic Final
Mobatic Final
MAY 2020
TRANSMITTAL
i
The capstone project attached hereto entitled “MOBATIC: A MOBILE-
BASED BUS TICKETING APPLICATION” prepared and submitted by SHEILA
MAE B. CABAGUIO AND SARAH MAE N. GOMA, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Information Technology is
hereby endorsed for approval.
____________________ ____________________
Date Signed Date Signed
____________________
Date Signed
____________________
Date Signed
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APPROVAL SHEET
Appro
____________________ ____________________
Date Signed Date Signed
____________________
Date Signed
____________________ ____________________
Date Signed Date Signed
____________________
Date Signed
iii
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
The researcher was born on September 14, 1998, in New Leyte and she
was named Sheila Mae B. Cabaguio by her parents. She is the eldest daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Cabaguio. She presently resides at Purok 2, Barangay
D.Lotilla, Isulan, Sultan Kudarat. She finished her elementary and secondary
hardships in her life but she remained optimistic in many things. She
encountered failures and rejections but the researcher focused on achieving her
With the unconditional love and guidance of her parents, friends, and with
prayers, the researcher was able to achieve her goal with flying colors because
she always believes that nothing is impossible if the Lord Jesus Christ had
planned it all.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
appreciation to the following persons who became part of their academic journey:
First, to the Almighty God, for the guidance, protection, blessings, and
To the very energetic College Dean, Prof. Cecilia E. Gener, MIT, for her
To their thesis adviser, Prof. Ian Mark E. Orcajada, for the patience,
research possible;
and Prof. Cerilo B. Rubin Jr., MIT, for all the comments and remarks for the
how to properly gather data for the project evaluation, and to Doreen B. Tampus,
their English critic, for correcting, editing, and checking the manuscript in terms of
Special thanks also to DOST-SEI Region XII for the Junior Level Science
Scholarships that they have granted to the researchers to make their financial
v
The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to Mr. Lord
Dalinas, the CEO of Custard Apple Outsourcing Inc., where they have undergone
their On-the-Job-Training and to their mentors who taught them so many things
in the field of Information Technology, Mr. Edsil Amir, Arlon Jay Medilo and in the
loving memory of their beloved mentor, Mr. Mars Ogay, for the wisdom and
her along the way, Mr. Alvin T. Cabaguio, Susan C. Borantes, Gedion Silvano,
and Eleonor Aguilar; to the siblings of the researcher, her heartfelt gratitude for
Special thanks also to Miraluna Goma and Ciriaco Goma, the parents of
the researcher, SARAH MAE GOMA, for their guidance and support; and to her
financial and moral support, to Ms. Janine G. Tinambacan, the very supportive
Jessa Nisperos, Mary Joy Guay, Genevieose Talig, Mary Grace Quinones,
Renalyn Lontiong, and MIT family, without you the researchers’ journey is not
Also, to the researchers’ sisters-in-Christ in the church, thank you for the
prayers, love, support, and inspiring wisdom, special thanks also to their
classmates who have been part of their journey as they struggle to reach their
dreams; To Sultan Kudarat State University, thank you so much for the
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education, good facilities, considerate teachers, and beautiful environment, the
Finally, special thanks to his excellency, Mr. Rodrigo Roa Duterte, for the
free tuition law that helps the researchers in pursuing their dreams;
Researcher,
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1
Objectives of the Study 2
General Objectives 2
Specific Objectives 3
Significance of the Study 3
Scope and Limitation 4
Operational Definition of Terms 6
Input 16
Process 16
Output 16
Feedback 16
viii
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
Project Development Description 17
Tools and Equipment 18
Project Duration 19
Software Development Methodology 20
Project Schedule of the study 21
Context Diagram 23
Data Flow Diagram 24
Entity Relationship Diagram 26
Database structure 27
Evaluation Methodology 29
Research Design 29
Respondents of the Study 29
Data Gathering Procedures 30
Statistical Tools and Treatment of Data 31
LITERATURE CITED
Books 43
Journals (Published/Unpublished) 43
Online Sources 43
Thesis 43
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Plan of Course Work 45
Appendix 2 Application for Capstone Project Title 47
Appendix 3 Nomination Guidance Committee 48
Appendix 4 Application for Capstone Project Outline Defense 49
Appendix 5 Approval of Capstone Project Outline 50
Appendix 6 Certification of Statistician 51
Appendix 7 Certification of English Critic 52
Appendix 8 Application for Capstone Project Final
Defense Examination 53
Appendix 9 Application for Capstone Project Final
Printing and Binding 55
Appendix 10 Screenshots and Pictorials 56
Appendix 11 Sample questionnaire 62
Appendix 12 Source Code 67
ix
LIST OF TABLES
1 Software Requirement 17
2 Hardware Requirements. 18
x
LIST OF FIGURES
1 Conceptual Framework 15
3 Agile Methodology 20
7 Entity-Relationship Diagram 26
xi
ABSTRACT
A
help the bus company, conductor, and inspector to deliver their services in a
more efficient and accurate way. The conductor is allowed to access and operate
details such as bus number, destination, type of passengers, and fare as well as
the generated reports of every destination containing the information of the type
destination, daily total sales and number of passengers. The inspector can
access the reports in every destination which contain the information of the type
of passengers, total ticket, total sales, and total passengers during the
inspection. The inspector can print the report for each destination.
followed the identified set of activities and procedures, in each phase of the agile
methodology, namely: (1) Planning, (2) Designing, (3) Build, (4) Test, and (5)
Review.
xii
During the evaluation it shows that the functionality of “Mobatic: A mobile-
based bus ticketing application” was a big help to the respondents especially to
the conductor and inspector in terms of providing tickets to the passenger and
generating sales reports. It also a big help to admin of YBL, inc because they
easily check the generated reports. Based on the result it shows that the system
xiii
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
CHA
Buses are the most common way to move people over short and medium
distances in towns and cities, as well as in most rural area. They are also
designed to carry many passengers and buses are popular form of transportation
as to help the employees to make their jobs easier and to make the passengers’
The bus ticket is a voucher that indicates an individual has the right to
travel on a bus and deals with records of each passenger in the duration of the
transportation, fare, and details of each traveling bus. There are many bus
operations which are operated manually. The manual or traditional way uses
ticket punch for each ticket which most of the time is not accurate, for instance,
the puncher marks the wrong number indicated on the ticket. With inaccuracies
like this, the researchers attempt to solve the problem by creating a mobile-
based traveling bus ticketing system to make the bus ticket transaction more
Application. This study provides a bus ticketing application that helps users to
fast track the transaction. Instead of using the manual ticket punch, they can use
the MOBATIC, a digitalized ticket punch which is more efficient and easier to use
1
Objectives of the Study
General Objectives
Mobile-Based Bus Ticketing Application. This system could help bus ticketing
Specific Objectives
3.3 Destination;
3.5 Fare;
5.1Ticket and
6.1 Functionality;
2
6.3 Usability.
their clients.
To the Conductor
It would save time and effort. It would help the conductor to deliver his
To the Passenger
To the Researcher
It would help the researchers gain more knowledge about the Mobile-
3
To the Future Researchers
conductor to fast track their jobs and digitalized their bus transactions.
Manage user account. The admin creates the conductor and inspector
accounts before they can log in to their respective accounts. For security
purposes and to avoid further errors and corruption, it is only the admin who is
allowed to manage the registered accounts. The conductor and inspector are not
allowed to duplicate input from the username and password for security
purposes. The conductor and inspector provide their information to the admin
separate interface for the inspector and conductor. The inspector interface allows
the selection of the route or destination of the bus. The inspector can select the
bus number, plate number, bus type, and the name of the conductor. The
inspector can also check the trip destination summary of the said conductor
where it indicates the total number of different types of passengers, the total
number of passengers, and the sales of a specific route. The conductor interface
4
allows selection of the route that he/she is going to conduct, he/she can manage
the bus number, plate number, bus type, and the type of passenger whether
disability passenger. Then, the conductor can print the specific ticket for his/her
passenger and he/she can also view the total sales summary of each route. The
admin interface can access the fare management where it allows changing the
price of fare and the route direction. The admin can also monitor the registered
accounts of the inspector and conductor. It manages the bus number, plate
number, bus type, and fare. The admin can monitor the sales per route through
that can access and operate details such as bus number, plate number, bus
type, type of passenger, and fare. It also allows generating reports of every
in every route, total sales of every route, the total passengers in the entire day,
Validate the transaction summary. The inspector can validate the sales of
the conductor in every route, the total number of different types of passengers,
the total number of all passengers, and the total sales of the trip. Once the
inspector validated the summary trip of the conductor, the admin can see the
5
Definition of Terms
in this study.
geometry.
handheld.
6
Passenger - A traveler on a public or private conveyance
transport.
7
Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED
Ch LITERATURE
This chapter contains a review of related literature and related studies that
transportation modes in Iraq, except air transportation still use the traditional
ticket system, which uses a paper-based ticket. The problem with the traditional
ticket bus system (manual ticket) is when users have to stand up in a long queue
to buy a bus ticket or asking information for buses schedule (Al-hijaj, Jabbar, &
Kh, 2015). They state that a mobile bus ticketing system (MBTS) can help and
solve these kinds of problems. By using this system will help the company
employees (e.g. Admins or drivers) in daily work by making their work more
organized and more connected to other company branches. Besides that, MBTS
will be easier for employees to control and check the operations of the company.
However, customers just from their mobile phones will be allowed to check for
Based on the blog of Mr. Eljah the author of the Online bus ticket, Online
centralized network. The said project presents a review on the software program
8
“Online Bus Ticket Reservation System” as should be used in a bus
database, ticket booking and tracking bus and travel made. It maintains all
customer details, bus details, reservation details. In order to achieve the design,
Imo Transport Company (ITC) was chosen as a case study because of its
(PHP) language was used for the front-end of the software while the back end
e-mail to send tickets and notifications to the customer and online payment using
other operations carried by ITC such as the courier services should also be
According to 58 years old, male Dr. Vinit Kokak (2016), the daily operation
having to wait for their bus to arrive at the bus stop. Dr. Kokak proposes a new
9
system based on RFID, in which each commuter owns a smartcard fitted with an
RFID tag having a unique ID. The card is scanned by the RFID reader at the
entrance and again at the exit, and the fare corresponding to the distance
traveled is deducted from the commuter’s account. The system uses Google’s
system for which a GTFS feed is available. In addition, the commuters can track
the position of their desired bus in real-time through an Android app, and get an
occupancy estimate of the bus. The proposed system aims to increase customer
convenience and eventually eliminate the use of paper tickets in transit systems.
E-ticketing systems
Wei Jeng Wu and Wei Hsun Lee assert that E-ticketing system OTA in
enable offline authentication. The design of the e-ticket consists of two parts: a
content part which has details such as seat number, date, time, etc, and a
security part which contains sensitive data such as a ticket ID, one-time
certificate for the ticket, and IC serial number. The security part of the ticket is
encrypted with the public key of the server. The reader is preinstalled with this
key and uses it to decrypt the security part, hence, validating the ticket offline.
10
Improved Public Transportation in Norwich City
Scheme to improve public transport interchange and bus priority in Norwich City
Centre. As part of delivering the aims of this scheme, NCC installed 15 on-street
Norwich City Centre, the bus station, railway station, the University of East Anglia
(UEA) campus, and the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital. The roadside
The TVMs offer a full range of single, return, and day tickets for travel
within the five fare zones covering the greater Norwich area. Tickets can be
purchased for five different bus operators and the machines accept cash (notes
and coins) and give change. Fifteen (15) TVMs are installed at locations within
Norwich, including the bus and rail stations, Castle Meadow, St Stephens Street,
Red Lion Street, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, and Norwich University
Hospital.
The TVM locations map for the city center indicates two TVMs are
installed at the rail station. However, there is only one TVM at the rail station and
the ‘spare’ TVM has been used for testing and development purposes before it
11
JUST-TAP: A Bus Ticketing System Using NFC
Alphonso, Sarita Saldanha, and Sisil Sunny) reveal that there is a widespread
transport within the urban area throughout the world. However, private vehicles
along with public transport, like buses have resulted in congestion, accidents,
and vehicular pollution in urban areas. As seen in various metropolitan cities like
Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, there are various issues and problems related
to severe malfunction and security. There are various problems related to public
transport like facing the severe problem of traffic jam, confusion and
everyday life more convenient for the commuters traveling in buses, some
system that will automatically deduct the passengers' fare according to the
distance traveled as well as will do real-time tracking of the bus so that the
passengers know exactly when the bus will arrive. Along with this, as a
which would remind the user about things that he needs to buy when he reaches
12
Secure Bus-Ticketing System using NFC (2015)
Monalisa Lopes, Grishma Shah, Nandini Vyas, Saloni Shetye, Sohagani
Shah (2015) implemented a study to their university in Edjia, India, the secure
bus-ticketing system using the NFC. Their research explains how NFC is used to
completion. The payment will be done automatically when the passenger scans
the NFC tag filled with data. The NFC package in android provides access to
NFC function, to read NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) message located on
the tag.
Vehicle Tracking Device (VTD). It is a tracking device used in vehicles that has
phone whenever there is a request for it through SMS. The integrated Global
vehicle and its speed based on a mobile phone text messaging system. The
system can provide real-time text alerts for speed and location.
13
Impact of E-Ticketing Application on Bus Transportation in Bandung
Eddy Soeryanto Soegoto from the Department of Manajemen University
research uses a qualitative method of research. The results show that there is
which is to increase public interest in public transport to reduce traffic jam that
often occurs during this time. This is because the implementation of e-ticketing
booking services, both for the people and for the providers of transportation
services. Of course, the convenience and comfort can encourage people to use
14
Conceptual Framework
Determine
Takes a lot of time of
counting tickets
Manual ticketing Easy to steal by the
Manual counting present process.
No accurate result of
of tickets counting tickets
Assess
There should be an
accurate result of ticket.
There should be exact “MOBATIC: A Mobile-
sales of the day, total
Based Bus Ticketing
passengers and reports.
Identify Application”
Recommendation
To create a system and
application that can
digitalized the ticket
transaction
Feedback
15
Input
The input explains the manual punching and counting of tickets in bus
Process
tickets, counting of tickets, and providing the instant solution. The common
Output
inspector, and conductor can benefit from the ticketing application to fast track
Feedback
16
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the materials and methods used in the conduct of
the study. These were thoroughly identified by the proponents to ensure the
Materials
Description Specification
Programming Languages JAVA
Text Editor Netbeans
Database Application SQLITE
described and all the materials and peripherals used in the development of the
17
Table 2. The Hardware Requirements of the Study
Description Specification
Unit
Unit Description Total Cost
Cost(PHP)
A. Hardware
1 unit Laptop 32,000.00 32,000.00
1 unit Cellphone 5,000.00 5,000.00
1 unit Bluetooth Printer 1800.00 1,800.00
1 unit Supplies 1,500.00 1,500.00
B. Software
1pckg
SQLite installation Online source Online source
.
1pckg
Android1.6 installation Online source Online source
.
Subtotal 40,300.00
Contingency fund (10% of the total) 4,030.00
Grand Total 44,330.00
18
Table 3 shows the bill of supplies and materials for the completion of the
Gantt Chart
2019/11/1
ID Task Name Start Finish Duration Complete
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
2020/1/1
ID Task Name Start Finish Duration Complete
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
provide different user
1 2020/1/2 2020/1/30 29.0 d. 0%
interface for each user
2 Planning 2020/1/2 2020/1/6 5.0 d. 0%
2020/2/1
ID Task Name Start Finish Duration Complete
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
manage bus details and
1 2020/2/2 2020/2/28 27.0 d. 0%
transaction
2 Planning 2020/2/2 2020/2/6 5.0 d. 0%
2020/3/1
ID Task Name Start Finish Duration Complete
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Validate the transaction
1 2020/3/2 2020/3/30 29.0 d. 0%
summary
2 Planning 2020/3/2 2020/3/6 5.0 d. 0%
The figure above shows the Gantt chart of the study. The project involves
19
Implementation Phase, and Support Phase. Each stage has different kinds of
Phase, Designing Phase, Building Phase, Testing Phase and Review Phase and
Launching
This sprint involves user registration for the administrator to manage the
system registration of the conductor and inspector. The registration has the
password, role, first name, and last name. It also includes designing a context
diagram, dataflow diagram, entity relation diagram, and data structure to expand
how the system will be done. The android studio is used in developing the
In this sprint, the researchers provided a different interface for each user.
The conductors' interface can manage bus details and transactions and the
system allows the conductor to operate details such as bus number, ticket
number, destination, type of passenger, and fare. The conductor can also view
the reports for every trip, total travel sales, and the daily total number of
interface can view the reports for every trip while the inspection is being
conducted. The admin interface generates the following: reports for every trip
with valid inspector identification, total passengers of the day, and sales of the
day. Using Android Studio, the researchers were able to create these interfaces.
The interface was tested by the conductor and the inspector and reviewed by the
prospect user.
identification of the bus. The ticket number is also in incriminating style to make it
destination, as well as the type of passenger and fare of each passenger must be
21
identified by the computerized ticketing system using android studio. This is then,
tested by the future use of this application and reviewed by the conductor.
In this sprint, the researchers created a feature that the bus transaction
can be validated by the inspector. In the reports per trip in the conductor
interface, there is a small icon located at the bottom left side of the application
which indicates that the information can be shared with the inspector. The
researcher designed this sprint using android studio. The end-user can test these
22
Context Diagram
for the issuance of ticket. The inspector can view the sales of the conductor per
destination station.
23
24
Data Flow Diagram
25
Figure 5. The Logical Data Flow Diagram of the Study
Figure 5 illustrates that the conductor logs into the system and manages
the passenger information. A device releases a ticket and will be issued to the
passenger. The inspector can view and print the report of the conductor’s sales
per station.
26
Figure 6. The Physical Data Flow Diagram of the Study
manages the passenger details and records the date to the ticket table. The
ticket table contains all the sales reports and can be viewed by the inspector and
27
Entity Relationship Diagram
tblconductor tblinspector
PK conductorid PK inspectorid
firstname has firstname
middlename middlename
lastname 1..1 lastname
contactno contactno
username username
password password
1..* 1..*
tblpayment
PK paymentid
has
FK busid
FK fareid inspect
1..* FK conductorid
datepaid
amount
conductor table stores all the conductor users of the system. Inspector relation
stores all the inspector users by the system. Every passenger detail is stored in
28
Data Structure
tblconductor
conductorid int PK 1 2 3
tblinspector
inspectorid int PK 1 2 3
29
tblpayment
paymentid varchar PK 1 2 3
busid varchar FK 1 2 3
fareid varchar FK 9 10 11
conductorid varchar FK 2 2 2
amount varchar 15 18 20
tblfare
fareid int PK 9 10 11
regular varchar 20 59 59
sp varchar 18 50 50
sc varchar 16 40 40
pwd varchar 15 30 30
tblbus
busid int PK 1 2 3
30
plateno varchar B-123-21 B-435-32 B-543-75
additionalfare varchar 15 10 0
Evaluation Methodology
The evaluation determines if the system meets all the objectives, works
properly, and satisfies the users. It is also a crucial part of the development of the
system.
Research Design
Ticketing Application that allows the conductor and inspector to do their jobs with
the use of ticketing apps. In designing the system, the researchers choose the
agile methodology which follows a series of events to finish the project. The
Method of Research
31
it is a vital component in achieving higher quality in research studies this helps
the researchers to gather the result of the survey in the fastest possible way.
original prospect respondents of the study were not available considering the
challenges caused by the pandemic, COVID-19, hence, the adviser and the
checked the questionnaires before it was approved by the adviser. Upon its
respondent for the purpose of evaluation. The study used a checklist and a rating
scale questionnaire to gather the needed data and responses to evaluate the
32
3 Moderately Agree
2 Disagree
1 Strongly Disagree
The data from this evaluation provides the system developers feedback to
The frequency of each rating was counted and the weighted mean was
computed and interpreted. Then, the data were described based on the scale
reflected in Table 9.
and averaging, and weighted mean tools for the gathered data.
33
Not Functional, Not Acceptable
1.00 - 1.80 Strongly Disagree
and Not Usable
Chapter IV
RESULTS AND
CHDISCUSSION
This part presents and discusses the results based on the data gathered
Early Childhood was conducted and developed using Agile Methodology. the
34
After several trials, it is proven that the system satisfies the objectives of
the study and it meets its defined purposes. It provides the admin, inspector, and
conductor a system that would help make their ticketing transactions easier and
This form shows the admin interface and its functions. The admin can
access the sales report of the inspector with the specific conductor informations,
the condoctors and inspectors names with their other details. The admin can add
35
Figure 9. Log in to their specicific interface (condoctor and inspector)
In this form shows the log in interface, if the admin successfully added the
conductor and inspector name and details in the admin interface they need to
give the credentials to the conductor or inspector which is the user name and
password. They can change the password to a new one after they log in for
privacy purposes. The conductor and inspector has a different interface and
functions.
36
Figure 10. The process of validating the conductors tickets
In this figure shows the process after the inspector log in to their account
to validate the conductors number of passengers and sales.the inspector can see
first the different routes where in they can click the select button to see different
bus number with their details such as; Plate number and Bus type. The inspector
can select the condoctors name in the list, the condoctor report will show up
containing details of how many regular, senior citizen, pwd, student passenger at
the moment. If the sales, number of passenger, and headcount have match in
the report the inspector will validate the report by clicking the validate button.
In this form shows the condoctor interface, which can select type of passenger
such as; regular passenger, student passenger, senior citizen and pwd with
specific amount of fare. Once the conductor click one of the icons the application
37
Functionality of the Application
The application was tested and evaluated in terms of its functionality. The
Table 11. The Mean Score on the Functionality of the MOBATIC: A mobile-
based bus ticketing application.
STANDARD
FUNCTIONALITY MEAN INTERPRETATION
DEVIATION
1. The application allows the
admin to register the
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
inspector and conductor
accounts.
2. The textbox accepts
inputs of any character
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
type (letters, numbers, or
symbols).
3. The users can log in to
their accounts (conductor 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
and inspector).
4. Once the user logged in, it
will directly open their 4.33 0.33 Strongly Agree
specific interface.
5. The application allows the
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
conductor to select route.
6. Allows the conductor to
select a bus number with
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
its plate number and bus
type.
7. Allows the conductor to
select a type of 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
passenger.
8. The application can print
the correct ticket for the 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
type of passenger.
9. The application provides a
summary of transactions 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
per route.
10. The inspector can validate
the summary per trip of 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
the conductor.
38
11. The application shows the
correct inspector
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
validation in the
conductor’s sale.
AVERAGE MEAN 4.64 0.64 Highly Functional
the evaluation of the respondents. this implies that the system is functional in
terms of displaying the forms when the button is clicked. It can accept user
accounts when the username and password are entered into the application.
Table 12. The Mean Scores on the Acceptability of the MOBATIC: A mobile-
based bus ticketing application.
STANDARD
FUNCTIONALITY MEAN INTERPRETATION
DEVIATION
1. The application uses a
color that is pleasing to 4.33 0.33 Strongly Agree
the eyes.
2. The application uses a
well-defined layout, easy 4.33 0.33 Strongly Agree
to understand and use.
3. The application gives 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
39
appropriate messages
when errors are detected
(Data Validation).
4. The fare computation
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
used is correct.
5. The application uses the
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
appropriate button.
6. The interface of the users
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
is easy to understand.
7. The other clickable
images, buttons, and text 4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
are easy to identify.
AVERAGE MEAN 4.57 0.57 Highly Acceptable
described as very accurate. The recipients strongly agree that the MOBATIC: a
suggests that the application is better than the manual process and it uses a
Table 13. The Mean Scores on the Usability of the System MOBATIC: A
mobile-based bus ticketing application.
STANDARD
USABILITY MEAN INTERPRETATION
DEVIATION
1. The mobile app is easy
4.33 0.33 Strongly Agree
to use.
40
2. The application
interface and its
4.67 0.67 Strongly Agree
function are easy to
use and understand.
Table 13 shows the result of the evaluation in terms of the usability of the
system with an average mean of 4.56. This is interpreted as very usable. The
respondents strongly agree that the system is usable. It suggests that the system
Chapter V
CHAND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,
41
Summary
transaction.
users in terms of bus number, plate number, bus type, type of passenger, and
fare. The application also helps the administrator to easily access all the
The researchers provide a separate interface for each user. The inspector
interface allows the user to select the route or destination of the bus that is
subject to inspection. The inspector can also select the bus number, plate
number, bus type, and the name of the conductor. Moreover, the inspector can
check the trip destination summary of the said conductor where it indicates the
the sales of the specific route that he/she inspects. The conductor interface
allows the user to select the route that he/she is going to conduct, can manage
the bus number, plate number, bus type, and the types of passengers such as:
regular passenger, student passenger, senior citizen passenger, and the person
with disability passenger. The conductor can print the specific ticket for the
passenger and can view the sales summary of its route. The admin interface can
access the fare management where the user can change the price of fare and
the route direction. The user can monitor the registered accounts of the inspector
42
and the conductor. The admin user manages the bus number, plate number, bus
type, and fare. The admin can monitor the sales with the validation of the
The conductor and inspector are not allowed to duplicate input from the
username and password. For security purposes, the admin manages all the
registered accounts. The conductor and inspector give their information to the
username so that the admin can register their information in the system.
This project was designed using the Agile Methodology which includes
five (5) phases: the planning phase, analysis phase, design phase,
usability of the system through the help of the participants. The findings on the
evaluation of the system are useful in the enhancement of the application for
friendly. For usability, participants strongly agree that the system is usable and
The findings of the study further revealed that the system is useful not only
for the conductor, inspector, and administration but also to future researchers
43
who want to learn or propose a similar project to this developed system on
ticketing transactions.
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the study, the researchers conclude that the
companies that aim to upgrade and monitor their services using new
technologies. This project is also beneficial to bus conductors who want to make
their ticketing transactions more efficient and easier. This system is also
beneficial to inspectors who previously use manual checking and encoding to the
charts and now shift to a more organized and digitalized application. By all
counts and with proven results, the system, mobile-based ticketing bus ticketing
Recommendations
After series of successful evaluations, the researchers found out that the
acceptable, and usable in providing the admin and users exact information’s for
the tickets and fare. Considering the system’s limitations, the researchers hereby
recommend that future researchers should add and improve the system with the
following features:
44
It can be used offline; in the meantime, the system can’t be used in
one database.
It can provide a direct sales report to the admin; the conductor will
manually submit the sales report to the admin. Future researchers can
add a feature where the admin can directly receive the sales report.
the admin can detect every single release of a ticket, even though the
unique feature the admin can detect in real-time of how many tickets
the admin can figure out if the ticket released matches the type of
passenger.
45
LITERATURE CITED
Azseo. (2017, November 21). Printing Press Research Paper. Retrieved from
Printing Press Research Paper:
https://azwriting.com/research-papers/printing-press.html
46
APPENDICES
47
Republic of the Philippines
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY Form 1
Appendix 1
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
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Republic of the Philippines
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Design II
Operating System
IT 120 3 1.25 Passed
Application
IT 121 Network Management 3 1.50 Passed
IT 122 Web Development 3 1.25 Passed
IT 123 Multimedia System 3 2.00 Passed
IT 124 Software Engineering 3 2.00 Passed
IT 125 Technopreneurship 3 2.00 Passed
IT 400 On-The-Job Training 9 1.00 Passed
IT ELEC 1 Elective 1 3 1.50 Passed
IT ELEC 2 Elective 2 3 1.50 Passed
RES 111 IT Research 3 1.25 Passed
Total Number of Units Required for the Period : 66 Units
Total Numbers of Units Earned : 66 Units
47
Appendix 2 Republic of the Philippines Form 2
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
We are planning to present our capstone project outline on April 16, 2020,
at SKSU Isulan Campus.
Recommending Approval:
Endorsed:
Approved:
of BSIT hereby nominate the following as adviser and members of our capstone
guidance committee.
Endorsed:
Approved:
49
Appendix 4 Republic of the Philippines Form 4
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
Time:10:00am
Date: June 11, 2019
Venue:CL 104
AN MARK E. ORCAJADA,MIT
Adviser
Approved:
Approved:
51
Appendix 6 Republic of the Philippines Form 7
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
CERTIFICATION OF STATISTICIAN
Appendix 7
interpretation.
Issued on this of .
Noted:
52
Appendix 7 Republic of the Philippines Form 8
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
CERTIFICATION OF ENGLISH
Appendix 8 CRITIC
Issued on this of .
DOREEN B. TAMPUS
English Critic
Noted:
53
Appendix 8 Republic of the Philippines Form 9
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
Guidance Committee
Approved:
54
Republic of the Philippines
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Approved:
55
Appendix 9 Republic of the Philippines Form 10
SULTAN KUDARAT STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Computer Studies
Isulan Campus
Isulan, Sultan Kudarat
Approved:
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Republic of the Philippines
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Figure 9. menu
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Appendix 11
SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE
Appendix
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Name (Optional):
S
ex:
Survey Questionnaire
We are on the stage of testing the technology developed for our study
to evaluate the system is highly appreciated. This gesture will help the
researchers to improve the system and deliver more satisfactory services to all
the users of this application especially the bus company and workers who need
this kind of service. Thank you and God bless all of us!
THE RESEARCHERS
Instructions: Please check the corresponding circle that corresponds to how
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FUNCTIONALITY 5 4 3 2 1
1. The application allows the
admin to register the
inspector and conductor
accounts.
2. The textbox accepts inputs
of any character type
(letters,
symbols).
numbers, or
3. The user can log in to their
accounts (conductor and
inspector).
4. Once the user logged in, it
will directly open their
specific interface.
5. The application allows the
conductor to select route.
6. Allows the conductor to
select bus number with its
plate number and bus type.
7. Allows the conductor to
select type of passenger.
8. The application can print
correct ticket for the type of
passenger.
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9. The application provides
summary of transaction per
route.
10. The inspector can validate
the summary of the
conductor for every trip.
11. The application shows the
correct inspector validation
in conductor’s sale.
ACCEPTABILITY 5 4 3 2 1
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USABILITY 5 4 3 2 1
3. The system is useful to the
company, owner, conductor,
and inspector.
Comments/Suggestions/Recommendations:
__________
___________________________________________________________
Evaluated By:
____________________________
Signature
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Appendix 12
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SOURCE Code
Append
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Republic of the Philippines
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</body> padding: 0;
</html> width: 200px;
background-color: #f1f1f1;
<?php position: fixed;
session_start(); height: 100%;
ob_start(); overflow: auto;
require './include/dbconnection.php'; }
?>
<html> .sidebar a {
<head> display: block;
<meta name="viewport" color: black;
content="width=device-width, initial- padding: 16px;
scale=1"> text-decoration: none;
<meta charset="utf-8"> }
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, initial- .sidebar a.active {
scale=1"> background-color: #D5D168;
<link rel="stylesheet" color: white;
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.c }
om/bootstrap/4.4.1/css/bootstrap.min
.css"> .sidebar a:hover:not(.active) {
<script background-color: #555;
src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/aja color: white;
x/libs/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></ }
script>
<script div.content {
src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/aja margin-left: 200px;
x/libs/popper.js/1.16.0/umd/popper.m padding: 1px 16px;
in.js"></script> height: 1000px;
<script padding-top: 5px;
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.co }
m/bootstrap/4.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"
></script> @media screen and (max-width:
<link rel="stylesheet" 700px) {
href="fontawesome/css/font- .sidebar {
awesome.css"> width: 100%;
<link rel="stylesheet" height: auto;
href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/aja position: relative;
x/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font- }
awesome.min.css"> .sidebar a {float: left;}
<style> div.content {margin-left: 0;}
.sidebar { }
margin: 0;
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<script }
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.co
m/bootstrap/4.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" @media screen and (max-width:
></script> 700px) {
<link rel="stylesheet" .sidebar {
href="fontawesome/css/font- width: 100%;
awesome.css"> height: auto;
<link rel="stylesheet" position: relative;
href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/aja }
x/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font- .sidebar a {float: left;}
awesome.min.css"> div.content {margin-left: 0;}
<style> }
.sidebar {
margin: 0; @media screen and (max-width:
padding: 0; 400px) {
width: 200px; .sidebar a {
background-color: #f1f1f1; text-align: center;
position: fixed; float: none;
height: 100%; display: inline-block;
overflow: auto; width: 110px;
} }
}
.sidebar a {
display: block; button.b {
color: black; display: inline-block;
padding: 16px; width: 142px;
text-decoration: none; height: 100px;
} padding: 5px;
border: 1px solid blue;
.sidebar a.active { background-color: #f8f872;
background-color: #f8f872; }
color: black; </style>
} </head>
<body>
.sidebar a:hover:not(.active) {
background-color: #555; <div class="">
color: white; <div style="padding: 15px;
} background-color: darkblue; color:
#fff" class="text-white"><a
div.content { class="navbar-brand" href="#"><img
margin-left: 200px; src="images/Yellow_Bus_Line_YBL_
padding: 1px 16px; Logo.png" width="60" alt=""><b>
padding-top: 5px;
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labelledby="exampleModalLabel" </div>
aria-hidden="true"> <div class="col-lg-6">
<div class="modal-dialog" <label for="">Username</label>
role="document"> <input type="text" name="username"
<div class="modal-content"> style="text-align: left" class="form-
<form action="" method="POST"> control">
</div>
<div class="modal-header"> <div class="col-lg-6">
<h5 class="modal-title" <label for="">Password</label>
id="exampleModalLabel"><span <input type="text" name="password"
class="fa fa-user"></span> Add style="text-align: left" class="form-
Conductor Details</h5> control">
<button type="button" class="close" </div>
data-dismiss="modal" aria- </div>
label="Close"> </div>
<span <div class="modal-footer">
aria-hidden="true">×</span> <button type="button" class="btn btn-
</button> warning" data-
</div> dismiss="modal"><span class="fa fa-
<div class="modal-body"> remove"></span> Close</button>
<div class="row"> <button type="submit" name="save"
<div class="col-lg-6"> class="btn btn-primary"><span
<label for="">Firstname</label> class="fa fa-save"></span>
<input type="text" name="firstname" Save</button>
class="form-control"> </div>
</div> </form>
<div class="col-lg-6"> </div>
<label for="">Middlename</label> </div>
<input type="text" </div>
name="middlename" class="form- <!--end modal-->
control"> <form action="" method="POST">
</div> <table class="table">
<div class="col-lg-6"> <thead class="thead-dark">
<label for="">Lastname</label> <tr>
<input type="text" name="lastname" <th>#</th>
style="text-align: left" class="form- <th scope="col">LAST NAME</th>
control"> <th scope="col">FIRST NAME</th>
</div> <th scope="col">MIDDLE
<div class="col-lg-6"> NAME</th>
<label for="">Contact #</label> <th scope="col">CONTACT #</th>
<input type="text" name="contactno" <th>USERNAME</th>
style="text-align: left" class="form- <th>PASSWORD</th>
control"> <th>ACTION</th>
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<!--content-->
<div class=""> <span><b>Fare</b></span> <span
<div style="padding: 15px; class="fa fa-bus pull-right"> <?php
background-color: darkblue; color: echo
#fff" class="text-white"><a ucwords($rowfare['routefrom'])?> -
class="navbar-brand" href="#"><img <?php echo
src="images/Yellow_Bus_Line_YBL_ ucwords($rowfare['routeto'])?></spa
Logo.png" width="60" alt=""><b> n>
YELLOW BUS LINE, <div class="bg-light card-body">
INC.</b></a></div> <div class="text-center">
<div class="sidebar"> <button class="b" id="regular"
<a class="active" value="regular" onclick="regular()">
href="conductor_dashboard.php"><s <div style="margin-top: 7px"></div>
pan class="fa fa-cogs"></span> <span class="fa fa-money"
Fare</a> style="font-size: 50px"></span>
<a class="" <div>REGULAR (<?php echo
href="conductor_sales.php"><span $row['regular']+
class="fa fa-bar-chart"></span> $rowbus['additionalfare']?>)</div>
Sales</a> </button>
<a class="" href="logout.php"><span <button class="b" id="sp" value="sp"
class="fa fa-sign-out"></span> onclick="sp()">
Logout</a> <div style="margin-top: 7px"></div>
</div> <span class="fa fa-drivers-license-o"
style="font-size: 50px"></span>
<div class="content"> <div>SP (<?php echo $row['sp']+
$rowbus['additionalfare']?>)</div>
<?php </button>
$selectfare = mysqli_query($conn, <button class="b" id="sc" value="sc"
"SELECT * FROM tblfare WHERE onclick="sc()">
fareid='$_GET[fareid]'"); <div style="margin-top: 7px"></div>
$rowfare = <span class="fa fa-user-secret"
mysqli_fetch_assoc($selectfare); style="font-size: 50px"></span>
$select = mysqli_query($conn, <div>SC (<?php echo $row['sc']+
"SELECT * FROM tblfare WHERE $rowbus['additionalfare']?>)</div>
fareid='$_GET[fareid]'"); </button>
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($select); <button class="b" id="pwd"
value="pwd" onclick="pwd()">
$selectbus = mysqli_query($conn, <div style="margin-top: 7px"></div>
"SELECT * FROM tblbus WHERE <span class="fa fa-wheelchair"
busid='$_GET[busid]'"); style="font-size: 50px"></span>
$rowbus = <div>PWD (<?php echo $row['pwd']+
mysqli_fetch_assoc($selectbus); $rowbus['additionalfare']?>)</div>
?> </button>
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<script }
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.co
m/bootstrap/4.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" @media screen and (max-width:
></script> 700px) {
<link rel="stylesheet" .sidebar {
href="fontawesome/css/font- width: 100%;
awesome.css"> height: auto;
<link rel="stylesheet" position: relative;
href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/aja }
x/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font- .sidebar a {float: left;}
awesome.min.css"> div.content {margin-left: 0;}
<style> }
.sidebar {
margin: 0; @media screen and (max-width:
padding: 0; 400px) {
width: 200px; .sidebar a {
background-color: #f1f1f1; text-align: center;
position: fixed; float: none;
height: 100%; display: inline-block;
overflow: auto; width: 110px;
} }
}
.sidebar a {
display: block; button.b {
color: black; display: inline-block;
padding: 16px; width: 142px;
text-decoration: none; height: 100px;
} padding: 5px;
border: 1px solid blue;
.sidebar a.active { background-color: #f8f872;
background-color: #f8f872; }
color: black; </style>
} </head>
<body>
.sidebar a:hover:not(.active) {
background-color: #555; <div class="">
color: white; <div style="padding: 15px;
} background-color: darkblue; color:
#fff" class="text-white"><a
div.content { class="navbar-brand" href="#"><img
margin-left: 200px; src="images/Yellow_Bus_Line_YBL_
padding: 1px 16px; Logo.png" width="60" alt=""><b>
padding-top: 5px;
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<div
$countpwd = mysqli_query($conn, class="col-3"><b>FARE</b></div>
"SELECT COUNT(*) AS pwd,
SUM(amount) AS myamount FROM <div class="col-3 text-
tblpayment WHERE right">Regular:</div>
busid='$rowbus[busid]' AND <div class="col-3 text-left">'.
passenger='pwd' AND amount!='' number_format($reg['regular']).'</div
AND datepaid='$datenow' AND >
conductorid='$_SESSION[conductori <div class="col-3">-</div>
d]'"); <div class="col-3"><b>₱'.
$pwd = number_format($reg['myamount'],2).'
mysqli_fetch_assoc($countpwd); </b></div>
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color: black;
padding: 16px; <div class="">
text-decoration: none; <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-
} lg navbar-light bg-light">
<a class="navbar-brand"
.sidebar a.active { href="#"><img
background-color: #D5D168; src="images/Yellow_Bus_Line_YBL_
color: white; Logo.png" width="60" alt=""><b>
} YELLOW BUS LINE, INC.</b></a>
<button class="navbar-toggler"
.sidebar a:hover:not(.active) { type="button" data-toggle="collapse"
background-color: #555; data-
color: white; target="#navbarSupportedContent"
} aria-
controls="navbarSupportedContent"
div.content { aria-expanded="false" aria-
margin-left: 200px; label="Toggle navigation">
padding: 1px 16px; <span class="navbar-toggler-
height: 1000px; icon"></span>
padding-top: 5px; </button>
}
<div class="collapse navbar-
@media screen and (max-width: collapse"
700px) { id="navbarSupportedContent">
.sidebar { <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
width: 100%;
height: auto; </ul>
position: relative; <div class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-
} 0">
.sidebar a {float: left;} <button class="btn btn-outline-
div.content {margin-left: 0;} danger my-2 my-sm-0"
} onclick="window.location =
'logout.php'">Logout <span class="fa
@media screen and (max-width: fa-sign-out"></span></button>
400px) { </div>
.sidebar a { </div>
text-align: center; </nav>
float: none; <div class="sidebar">
} <a class=""
} href="admin_dashboard.php"><span
</style> class="fa fa-dashboard"></span>
</head> Dashboard</a>
<body>
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Appendix 13
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DVD
Append
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