NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR

MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

PROGRAMME : 1 BTEC
SECTION: 1/2
CODE SUBJECT : BTMU 1013

QUESTION 1
a) There are a few alternative work arrangement that can be use by company to
better accommodate the needs of employees such as

i) Flextime
- Flextime is a scheduling system that allow employees to choose
their own time within the certain limits. The feasibility of flextime
is differs from industry to industry within individual companies.
- Flextime can also make employees to do their work right on time.
- Flextime can also reduce stress of employees because they can take
a rest before start their work.
- Employees can do a better work and their work is in a great quality
because they work in a better work environment.
- Flextime can also reduce the rush hours that always happen in their
workplace.
NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR
MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

ii) Telecommuting
- Telecommuting is about working from home or another location
by using the electronic communication to always stay in touch with
customer, supplier and also colleagues.
- Telecommuting also helps employees to balance their personal
commitment and their professional because they can spend less
time transit between home and work.
- Telecommuting is also important to everybody because it can helps
to reduce energy use, traffic and also mass transit overload.
- Employees can save their money on real estate and other overhead
expenses.
- Employees can work on their on without getting any pressure from
the others.

a) ii) Flexible career paths can helps employees in facing current situation of
Covid- 19 by making it easier for them to work at home so that they do not
lead to the spread of Covid 19. Flexible career path can also help them to
keep an eye on their family members. Before this pandemic happen, only
certain employees work from home, but this current situation has make the
number of employees working from home increase. Flexible career is
including of part time, job shares, career breaks, homeworking and
compressed hours. Flexible working can be formal or informal which means
is in the part of the contract. Some of employers allows their employees to
take a break, working from home, reduce their hours to make sure that every
 employees can work during this pandemic of Covid-19. So that, he
employees does not quit from work that can cause a big problem to them.

NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR

MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

QUESTION 2
a) Employees can file a wrongful discharge lawsuit against the employer when
sexual harassment happens. It is happen at many working women. Sexual
harassment is unwelcome sexual advance, request for sexual favour, or other
verbalof a sexual nature within the workplace. Male employees may also be
target of sexual harassment .

b) The process involved in training and developing employees is start with

orientation programs. Orientation programs is a session or procedures for
acclimating new employees to their organization. Orientation programs can
give the knowledge about the organization to the employees such as their
rules, procedures, mission and vision and also expectations. This orientation
programs will help the new employees become more productive in a less
time and can also help to make sure that employees make a less of mistakes.
Skill inventory is still use by Human Resources department. Skill inventory
is a list of the skill of company needs from workforce along with the specific
skills that employees possess.
NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR
MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

c) i) Pihak majikan perlu memberikan hak perkerja iaitu gaji, ganjaran bulanan
dan sebagainya. Hal ini kerana, pekerja telah bekerja keras untuk
memajukan syarikat. Disebabkan oleh wabak Covid-19 yang semakin
berleluasa pihak pengurus tidak boleh memberhentikan pekerja secara tiba-
tiba kerana mereka mungkin tidak mempunyai wang yang cukup untuk
mengharungi masalah ini. Oleh itu, pihak pengurus perlu mengambil
tindakan untuk mengurangkan gaji ataupun membenarkan mereka bekerja
secara bergilir-gilir agar mereka dapat sumber pendapatan untuk membeli
keperluan harian dan sebagainya. Selain itu, mereka yang hilang upaya kekal
atau sementara disebabkan oleh pekerjaan mereka perlu diberi wang
pampasan berdasarkan gaji yang mereka peroleh sebelum ini. Oleh itu,
masalah kewangan dalam kalangan pekerja tidak berlaku.
 iii) Many employers offer the retirement plans to their employees.
Retirement plans is company sponsored programs for providing
retirees with income. Company sponsored retirement can be
categories as defined-benefit plan , which is company will pay
employees on retirement. They are refered to traditional pension plan
that call define benefit plans that are far less common than they in
year past. Employers can choose from the several type of defined
contribution plan such as 401(k) plan. 401(k) plan give the advantages
to the employees such as potential to significant increase retirement
investment if employers choose to match employees contribution,
automatic contribution feature make it a forced saving plan and
others. Other that that, there are an employee stock-ownership plan
(ESOP) which is a program that enable employees to become
partial owner of a company.

NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR

MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

3) a) Motivation is the combination of force that move individuals to take

certain actions and avoid other action. There are four indicators of motivation. First
is the drive to acquire. This is includes fulfilling the need for not only physical
goods such as food. Second, the drive to bond that means human are social
creatures and need to feel the motivation by their employers. This will help when it
inspires employees to contribute to common goals but it also be harmful when
some of them has ‘us-versus-them’ mentality. Third is the drive to comprehend.
This is about learning, meeting though challenges, growing that can give a good
impact. Fourth is the drive to defend that’s mean an instinct to protect and sense
justice that can lead human beings to vigorously defend the people ,ideas and
organization they hold. The first motivational strategies is providing timely and
frequent feedback. It give employees the information they need in order to assess
their performance and to make improvement. Second is , making it personal.
Rewards and feedback that stimulate one employee to higher achievement can
have no effect on second employees. Third is gamifying for health competition.
This will encourage participation and contribution to other communities that can
motivate employees. Fourth is addressing workplace negativity . Lastly is being an
inspiring leader to the employees.

NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR

MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

4) a) i) There are two type of reinforcement

 First is positives reinforcement that offers pleasant consequensce for
particular actions or behaviour. For example, even a simple but sincere ‘thank you’
provides emotional reward and encourages employees to keep doing that. Some of
company use incentives such as monetary payment or other reward as a positive
reinforcement to motivate the employees.
Negative reinforcement is encouraging the repetition of a particular
behaviour by removing unpleasant consequence for the behaviour. For example, if
you do something that will affect the reputation of the company you must be take
the punishment.

ii) Fair positive reinforment can be done when the company achieve their
target for this month or they can get a large income so employers will
give the bonus to all the employees as a positive reinforcement to boost
the motivation . While when a company get a problem or their sales is
going down, employers can cut their salary so that they can improve their
work.
NAME: TENGKU NUR ALIYA NATASHA BINTI TENGKU NASIR
MATRIX NUMBER: B062010114

b) I) Compare the job enrichment and job enlargement.

Job enrichment is to make job become more challenging and also interesting
by expanding the range of skill required. Job enrichment need to be done
carefully because some employees respond well but some do not respond.
While job enlargement is about adding task that are unnessarily any more
challenging. Job enlargement don’t do much to motivate and be more like
demotative.

ii) Job enrichment can motivate the employees by they need to do the
responsibilities that are given by their employers such as an employees who
had been preparing the presentation for their boss to give to their customers
could be ask to do the presentation as well. Job enlargement is use to
increase the worker knowledge so they can improve their job.