VISHVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI

AN INTERNSHIP SEMINAR REPORT ON

AGRICULTURE ROBOT
Carried out at NANO ROBOTICS EMBED TECHNOLOGIES

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by
SURAJ S PATEL 1BI18ME135

Under the guidance of

Dr.SATISH.N, M.E., Ph.D.
Professor

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
K.R.ROAD, V.V.Puram, Bengaluru-560004
2021-22
 VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Belgavi-590018, Karnataka, India
BANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

*CERTIFICATE *
This is to certify that the Technical seminar report entitled “Agriculture Robot“is a bonafide
work carried out by SURAJ S PATEL (USN: 1BI18ME135), Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore towards the partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of the degree Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering of
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the academic year 2021-2022 under
my guidance. The report is not submitted by him elsewhere for the award of any other degree or
diploma and is not the repetition of the work carried out by others.

Guide
Dr. Satish N Dr. T V Sreerama Reddy
Professor Professor and Head
Department of Mechanical Department of Mechanical Engineering
Engineering Bangalore Institute of Bangalore Institute of Technology
Technology Bangalore-560004 Bangalore-560004
 * DECLARATION *

I declare that the Technical seminar report on titled “AGRICULTURE ROBOT” carried
out independently, under the guidance of Dr.Satish N, Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560004, during the academic
year 2021-2022. Further, I declare that this report either in part or in full is not submitted by
us to any other university to the award of any degree or diploma.

Date: 10/06/2022

Signature

I
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my pride, privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance received
from several people in preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare
this report in this form without their valuable help, cooperation and guidance.

I would like to thank my guide Dr.Satish.N M.E., Ph.D. Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bengaluru for guiding us throughout the
program.

My sincere thanks to Dr.T.V.Sreerama Reddy Professor and Head of Department,

Mechanical Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bengaluru for his valuable
suggestions and guidelines throughout this report.

I wish to record my sincere gratitude to Management of Bangalore Institute of technology

and Dr. M.U.Aswath, Principal, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bengaluru for his
constant support and encouragement in academic performance and for making available
library facilities needed to prepare this report

Finally, I take this opportunity to extend my deep gratitude to my family and friends, for all
that they meant to me during the crucial times of completion of my report.

II
 ABSTRACT

In India, nearly about 70% people are dependent upon agriculture. So the agricultural system in
India should be advanced to reduce the efforts of the farmers. Various number of operations is
performed in the agricultural field like seeding, weeding, weed cutting, ploughing etc. Very basic
and significant operation is seeding, ploughing, weed removal. But the present methods of
seeding, ploughing and plant cutting are problematic. The equipment’s used for seed sowing are
very difficult and inconvenient to handle. So there is a need to develop equipment which will
reduce the efforts of the farmers. This system introduces a control mechanism which aims to drop
seeds at particular position with specified distance between two seeds and lines while sowing. The
robotic arm helps in weed removal. Therefore, the drawbacks of the existing system will be
removed successfully in this automatic machine.

III
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE

IV
 INDEX

DECLARATION I
II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
III
ABSTRACT
IV
CERTIFICATE

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 : NANO ROBOTICS EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGY 1

1.1 About 1

1.2 Service offered 1

CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION 4
2.1 Objective 7
2.2 Scope 7
CHAPTER 3 : CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING 8
3.1 block diagram
8
3.2 Working
10
CHAPTER 4: HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
10
4.1.1 arduino ATMEGA 328
11
4.1.2 relay driver
12
4.1.3 LCD
13
4.1.4 DC motor
14
4.2 software
14
4.2.1 embedded C
15
4.2.2 arduino IDE
17
CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMES
17
5.1 Advantages
17
5.2 Disadvantages
17
5.3 Applications
CHAPTER 6:CONCLUSION 18
19
CHAPTER 7: REFRENCES
CHAPTER 1 - NANO ROBOTICS EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGY

1.1 ABOUT
Nano Robotics Embed Technologies in Bangalore is one of the leading businesses in the Project
Consultants For Computer Science. Also known for Computer Training Institutes, Education
Consultants, Project Consultants, Engineering Project Consultants, Project Report Consultants,
Artificial Intelligence Training Centers, Mechanical Engineering Project Consultants, Computer
Training Institutes For Embedded System and much more.

Find Address, Contact Number, Reviews & Ratings, Photos, Maps of Nano Robotics Embed
Technologies, Bangalore. Since 2014, Nano Robotics Embed Technologies in Mathikere,
Bangalore has been offering professional training to students. It specializes and is well-known
for training students as well as working professionals in accounting, web designing,
programming languages, hardware and networking.

It is run and managed by a seasoned professionals who leads a team of educators and trainers
having relevant domain expertise. At this institution, one can get trained in the subject of their
choice by opting from a wide range of courses. These easy-to-follow courses are primarily aimed
at students, working professionals as well as IT professionals who want to enhance their
knowledge and further their career prospects. Located Near Muneshwara Temple, you can find
this institution with relative ease at No. 27/1, 14th Main, Gokula 1st Stage in Mathikere.
Undoubtedly it is one of the best computer training institutes in Mathikere, Bangalore.

1.2 SERVICES OFFERED

Nano Robotics Embed Technologies in Mathikere offers short-term courses and certificate
courses. Inclusive of comprehensive learning, the long-term programmes feature subjects such as
web development, financial accountancy, computer application and programming, information
technology, multimedia and web-designing. Some of the short-term courses cover topics like
Windows XP, 7, 8, 10, Vista, MS Office, DTP (Desk Top Publishing), Web Designing,
Multimedia, Tally ERP 9, C, C++ , and Visual Basic.

1
Walk into this centre all through the week between 10:00 - 18:00. Pay in Cash, Cash on
Delivery, Card on Delivery, Debit Cards, Credit Card, Cheques, JD Pay, BHIM, UPI, American
Express Card, Paytm, Oxigen, Visa Card, RuPay Card, G Pay, PhonePe, RTGS, NEFT, IMPS,
Amazon Pay, Master Card, Airtel Money, Payumoney, Diners Club Card.

MISSION
 To provide more value per dollar to our clients by providing timely and qualitative
services/solutions and attain utmost client satisfaction through skill building, innovation
and best practiced processes.
 To offer total, cost-effective, next generation embedded hardware and software solutions in
the shortest possible development time enabling our clients to launch their product ideas
early.

2
VISION
 To bring best of the human assets by providing environment for grooming, nurturing, and
growing talent to foster human growth and providing services and solutions to the IT
companies globally creating value for our customers.
 To lead in embedded hardware and software solutions and be known as an electronic
product development company of repute.
 To build strategic partnerships globally with all stakeholders - clients, vendors, and
investors.
 To stay abreast with technology and build our technical competence and domain expertise.
 To nurture a winning team that has a passion for excellence.
 To be the delight of our customers by achieving perfection in our processes and quality
methods.

3
CHAPTER 2 - INTRODUCTION

India record of progress in agriculture over the past four decades has been quite impressive. The
agriculture sector has been successful in keeping pace with rising demand for food. The
contribution of increased land area under agricultural production has declined over time and
increases in production in the past two decades have been almost entirely due to increased
productivity. Contribution of agricultural growth to overall progress has been widespread.
Increased productivity has helped to feed the poor, enhanced farm income and provided
opportunities for both direct and indirect employment. The success of India’s agriculture is
attributed to a series of steps.

The major sources of agricultural growth during this period were the spread of modern crop
varieties, intensification of input use and investments leading to expansion in the irrigated area.
In areas where ‘Green Revolution’ technologies had major impact, growth has now slowed. New
technologies are needed to push out yield frontiers, utilize inputs more efficiently and diversify
to more sustainable and higher value cropping patterns”. At the same time there is urgency to
better exploit potential of rain fed and other less endowed areas. Given the wide range of agro
ecological setting and producers, Indian agriculture is faced with a great diversity of needs,
opportunities and prospects.

Future growth needs to be more rapid, more widely distributed and better targeted. These
challenges have profound implications for the way farmers’ problems are conceived, researched
and transferred to the farmers. “On the one hand agricultural research will increasingly be
required to address location specific problems facing the communities on the other the systems
will have to position themselves in an increasingly competitive environment to generate and
adopt cutting edge technologies to bear upon the solutions facing a vast majority of resource
poor farmers”.

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The robotic systems play an immense role in all sections of societies, organization and industrial
units. The objective of the project is to develop a microcontroller based system at helps in on-
farm operations like seeding and fertilizing at pre-designated distance and depths with all
applicable. Agriculture comes from two Latin words: Ager which means a field. Culturia which
means cultivation.

Due to traditional methods of agricultural process the Indian farmer faces many problems about
productivity of agricultural product than others. It is due to unbalance feeding of fertilizer
without knowing the actual requirement of nutrient to a particular crop. Digital models of
biological objects have proven to deliver new facilities for the analysis of structural and
functional interrelationships as well as developmental processes in a spatial or spatio-temporal
context.

We are working towards the generation of a generalized 3-D anatomical atlas of developing
barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains at different developmental stages. Serving as reference
framework for the integration, visualization, and exploration of various data modalities, such
inter-individual atlases significantly promote the analysis of developmental gradients and
dynamics. Traditional methods include broadcasting manually, opening furrows by a country
plough and dropping seeds by hand, and dropping seeds in the furrow through a bamboo/meta
funnel attached to a country plough (Pora).

For sowing in small areas dibbling i.e., making holes or slits by a stick or tool and dropping
seeds by hand is practiced. Multi row traditional seeding devices with manual metering of seeds
are quite popular with experienced farmers. In the current generation most of the countries do not
have sufficient skilled man power specifically in agricultural sector and it affects the growth of
developing countries. So it’s a time to automate the sector to overcome this problem. In India
there are 70% people dependent on agriculture. So we need to study agriculture. Innovative idea
of our project is to automate the process of sowing crops such as sunflower, baby corn,
groundnut and vegetables like beans, lady’s finger, pumpkin and pulses like black gram, green
gram etc & to reduce the human effort and increase the yield.

5
The plantation of seeds is automatically done by using DC motor. The distance between the two
seeds are controlled and varied by using Microcontroller. It is also possible to cultivate different
kinds of seeds with different distance. When the Robot reaches the end of the field we can
change the direction with the help of remote switches. The whole process is controlled by
Microcontroller. Seed plantation is our day to day life is done by tractor in farms.

The conventional method for seeding is the manual one. But it requires more time & the man
power shortage is faced continuously. India is agrarian economies and most of rural populations
depend on agriculture to earn their livelihood. Agriculture is the largest livelihood provided in
India mostly in the rural areas. The farmers are in need of seeds for ploughing & cultivation. The
seeds are available in packets & many industries deal in manufacture of such seed packets. In
Modern world, Automation robot is used in many of the fields such as defense, surveillance,
medical field, industries and so on.

In this paper, the robot system is used to develop the process of cultivating agricultural land
without the use of man power. The aim of the paper is to reduce the man power, time and
increase the productivity rate. The entire basic automation robot works like weeding, harvesting
and so on. In current generation most of the countries do not have sufficient human factor in
agricultural sector and it affects the growth of developing countries so it’s time to automate the
sector to overcome this problem. In India, there are 70% people dependent on agriculture. So we
need to study the agriculture. Innovative idea of our project is to automate the process of sowing
crops such as groundnut, sunflower, and baby corn and so on.

The farming system like ploughing, cultivating, weeding, harvesting, etc is the different process.
All the processes are advance to modifying the mechanism in farming which works
automatically without the man power requirement. The small machine would be assembled from
existing mass produced components without the need of specialized design and tooling. Also
energy require to this machine is less as compared with tractors or any agricultural instrument.
Seeding preparation is our day to day life we use tractor in farms. But it requires more time and
the man shortage is faced continuously.

6
Now a day soil is tested in laboratory and proper analysis of soil is done and amount of various
contains and their ratio are measured but laboratories are normally in district places and it is little
bit time consuming process. This proposed system contributes to give contain of NPK in soil
within some minutes. N (Nitrogen) - for growth of leaves and vegetation. P (Phosphorus)-for
root and growth. K(Potassium)-regulation of water. Nutrient in plantcell, flowering, fruiting.
Seeding is one of the main processes of farming activity.

It also takes more power that can be reduced with this system, seeding is automated which helps
linear way of seeding and time consumption is reduced. The NPK value is measured and
compared with the standard value for particular crop is known so the difference amount of
fertilizer is dispensed by robot.

2.1 OBJECTIVES
1. To manufacture seed sowing machine which can be operated by the single operator.
2. To set fertilizer with sowed seed.
3. To level the ground in small extent
4. To enable the machine for the sowing of several of seed like maize, wheat etc.
5. To maintain the same distance between two seeds at the time of sowing process.

2.2 SCOPE
Seed sowing machine is a device which helps in the sowing of seeds in the desired position
hence assisting the farmers in saving time and money. So considering these points related to
spraying and seed sowing an attempt is made to design and fabricate such equipment which will
able to perform both the operations more efficiently and also will result in low cost. Decrease the
operational cost by using new mechanism. •Work reliably under different working conditions.
• Decrease the cost of the machine.
• Decrease labor cost by advancing the spraying method.
• The machine can be operated in the small farming land (1 acre).
• Making such a machine which can be able to perform both the operation.

7
CHAPTER 3 - CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2 WORKING
Spraying and seed sowing an attempt are made to design and fabricate such equipment which
will able to perform both the operations more efficiently and also will result in low. Now the
project mainly concentrates on designing a suitable operating system. To maintain simplicity and
economy in the design the locally fabricated unit has been used. Our project achieves higher
safety, reduces human effort, increases the efficiency, reduces the workload, reduces the fatigue
of workers and reduces maintenance cost.

In our country farming is done by the traditional way, besides that there is the large development
of industrial and service sector as compared to that of agriculture. The spraying is traditionally
done by labor carrying backpack type which requires more human effort. The weeding is
generally done with Specification: The help of Bulls which becomes costly for farmers having
small farming land. So to overcome these above two problems, we tried to eliminate these
problems and designed the equipment which will be beneficial to the farmer for the spraying and
weeding operations.

8
This machine has very less cost. This planter is very simple to use hence, unskilled farmer is also
able to handle this machine. We simplified the design also made it cheaper and affordable to
every rural farmer. We made various adjustments and simplified it from controlling and
maintaining point of view. In this design we connected drive shaft to metering mechanism which
eliminates the attachments such as pulleys and belts system. DC motor drives the shaft of motor
which is coupled with battery bank.

As motor starts it moves this robot as well as operates the metering mechanism. Seed storage
tank is connected at the top of the robot near rear wheels. The sensor is fitted to it which senses
the level of seed in it and gives the alarm when the tank is empty. Front sensor serves the
function of guiding the robot. As any obstacle comes in front of robot it gives the signal to the
robot and diverts the path of robot.

For every rotation of the wheel according to the adjustment it allows the definite seed to fall into
the hoper so that there is no wastage of the seeds also the sowing process does smoothly. When
the robot reaches at other end and when it completes task it creates an alarm so that we can
provide required facility. The proposed system has three main sections like seeding, plowing and
waste plant cutting, which are inter-communicated using communication technologies. The
control station as well as robotic station possess the amenities viz., temperature sensor, humidity
sensor, seed dispenser, seed storage, robotic system with motors, microcontroller.

The microcontroller is brain of this system, which can dedicate the order of suggestions received
to all the networks, and sensible factors processed by their corresponding embedded programs.
We can use android and all the information send through GSM to Robot machine.
An android application will be given to communicate with the robot. This communication is
done through GSM. A GSM SIM900A module will be connected in the robot unit. In android
there will be an option for user login. Once user logs in, he can select any of the 3 options that is
seeding, plowing and weed removal. In android application we need to set the number of
columns and number of steps movement for the robot.

9
CHAPTER 4 - HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

4.1 HARDWARE

4.1.1 ARDUINO ATMEGA 328

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14
digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It
contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with
a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno differs from
all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip. Instead, it
features the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2) programmed as a USB-to-serial
converter.
Revision 2 of the Uno board has a resistor pulling the 8U2 HWB line to ground, making it easier
to put into DFU mode.
Revision 3 of the board has the following new features:
 1.0 pinout: added SDA and SCL pins that are near to the AREF pin and two other new pins
placed near to the RESET pin, the IOREF that allow the shields to adapt to the voltage provided
from the board. In future, shields will be compatible both with the board that use the AVR,
which operate with 5V and with the Arduino Due that operate with 3.3V. The second one is a not
connected pin, that is reserved for future purposes.
 Stronger RESET circuit.
 Atmega 16U2 replace the 8U2. "Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming
release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduino,
moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of USB Arduino boards, and the reference
model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previous versions, see the index of
Arduino boards.

10
Summary Microcontroller ATmega328
- Operating Voltage 5V
- Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
- Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
- Analog Input Pins 6
- DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
- DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
- Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
- SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328) EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
- Clock Speed 16 MHz

4.1.2 RELAY DRIVER

A Relay driver IC is an electro-magnetic switch that will be used whenever we want to use a low
voltage circuit to switch a light bulb ON and OFF which is connected to 220V mains supply. The
required current to run the relay coil is more than can be supplied by various integrated circuits
like Op-Amp, etc. Relays have unique properties and are replaced with solid state switches that
are strong than solid-state devices. High current capacities, capability to stand ESD and drive
circuit isolation are the unique properties of Relays. There are various ways to drive relays.
Some of the Relay Driver ICs are as below.

 High side toggle switch driver

 Low side toggle switch driver
 Bipolar NPN transistor driver
 N-Channel MOSFET driver and
 Darlington transistor driver
 ULN2003 driver

Relay Driver IC Circuit

Relays are components that permit a low-power circuit to control signals or to switch high

11
current ON and OFF which should be electrically isolated from controlling circuit.

The Required Components

 Zener Diode
 6-9V Relay
 9V Battery or DC Power Supply
 2N2222 Transistor
 1K Ohm Resistor
 Second Input Voltage Source

4.1.3 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

The LCD and LED are the most widely used display in embedded systems. Embedded indicates
a combination of hardware and software. LCD is a 16 pin connector.
LCD can operate in two modes:
 Four bit mode

 Eight bit mode

LCD is finding widespread use replacing LED’s.

This is due to the following reasons,
1) The declining prices of LCD
2) The ability to display numbers, characters, and graphics. This is in contrast to the LED’s
which are limited to numbers and few characters.
3) Incorporation of refreshing the CPU into the LCD. In contrast to LED that has to be refreshed
by the CPU.
4) Ease of programming for characters and graphics.
Characteristics of LCD
 Display content :-16*2 characters

 LCD type :- STN BLUE,GRAY

 Led backlight:-y/g, white blue green

12
  Controller:-ks0066 or equal

 Operating temperature:-(0-5c’)

 Power supply:-5.0v

Viewing angle - 6h 12h

4.1.4 DC Motor
An electric motor is a machine which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. DC
motor works on the principle, when a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field,
the conductor experiences a mechanical force. DC shunt motors can be used where almost
constant speed is required and very high starting torque is not required as lathe, machine tools,
centrifugal pump and etc. Series motors are used when very high starting torque is required such
as electric traction, trolley car, crane, etc. cumulative compound motors are suitable for
applications where the load fluctuates such as rolling mills, printing press, reciprocating type
compressors, crusher units, etc. Differential compound motors are rarely used because of their
poor torque characteristics.

DC MOTOR

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4.2 SOFTWARE

4.2.1 Embedded C

Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C Programming language by the C Standards
committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded
systems. Historically, embedded C programming requires nonstandard extensions to the C
language in order to support exotic features such as fixed-point arithmetic, multiple distinct
memory banks, and basic I/O operations. In 2008, the C Standards Committee extended the C
language to address these issues by providing a common standard for all implementations to
adhere to. It includes a number of features not available in normal C, such as, fixed-point
arithmetic, named address spaces, and basic I/O hardware addressing.

Embedded C uses most of the syntax and semantics of standard C, e.g., main () function, variable
definition, data type declaration, conditional statements (if, switch, case), loops (while, for),
functions, arrays and strings, structures and union, bit operations, macros, etc.

Advantages

 It is simple to learn, understand, program and debug.

 Compared to assembly language, C code written is more reliable and scalable, more
portable between different platforms.
 C compilers are available for almost all embedded devices in use today, and there is a
large pool of experienced C programmers.
 Unlike assembly, C has advantage of microcontroller-independence and is not specific to
any particular microcontroller/microprocessor or any system. This makes it convenient
for a user to develop programs that can run on most of the systems.
 As C combines functionality of assembly language and features of high level languages,
C is treated as a ‘middle-level computer language’ or ‘high level assembly language’.
 It is fairly efficient.

14
 It provides access to I/O and ease of management for large embedded projects.
 Java is also used in many embedded systems but Java programs require the Java Virtual
Machine (JVM), which consumes a lot of resources.

4.2.2 ARDUINO IDE

Multi-Platform Application

Arduino IDE works on the three most popular operating systems: Windows, Mac OS, and Linux.
Aside from that, the application is also accessible from the cloud. These options provide
programmers with the choice of creating and saving their sketches on the cloud or building their
programs locally and upload it directly to the board.

Board Management

Arduino IDE comes with a board management module, where users can select the board they
want to work with at the moment. If they wish to change it, they can do so easily from the
dropdown menu. Modifying their selection also automatically updates the PORT infos with the
data they need in relation to the new board.

Straightforward Sketching

With Arduino IDE, users can create programs called sketches that are built with a text editor.
The process is a straightforward one though it has several bells and whistles that make the
experience more interactive.

Project Documentation

Arduino IDE offers programmers the option to document their projects. This function allows
them to keep track of their advancements and any changes they make every time. Apart from
that, documentations allow other people to easily employ the sketches to their own boards.

Simple Sketch Sharing

Aside from saving and archiving sketches and uploading them to the board, Arduino IDE is also
capable of sharing sketches (available only on the cloud version). Each sketch is given its own
unique URL that users can share with their colleagues and fellow Arduino hobbyists. The
recipient then has access to the code; they can save it in the cloud sketchbook or download it for
15
their own use.

Vast Library

Arduino IDE has more than 700 libraries integrated. These were written and shared by members
of the Arduino community that other users can utilize for their own projects without having to
install anything. This enables programmers to add a different dimension to their sketches.

Third-Party Hardware Support

While Arduino IDE is designed specifically for Arduino boards, it also supports connections
with third-party hardware. This makes the use of the application more extensive rather than
limited to proprietary boards.

16
CHAPTER 5 - ECPECTED OUTCOMES

The plowing part of the robot will plow the field according to the farmer’s preferences. The
seeding part of the system will drop the seeds as per the specified locations according to the time
interval.
The robotic arm of the system deweeds the waste plants by comparing the captured image with
the existing database

5.1 ADVANTAGES

 Wi-fi used for communication it send mail even when the battery power is less than 9
volts.
 Solar power is used to charge the battery.
 It maintains the proper row spacing.
 The seeds can be placed at proper depth.
 Seed rate can be controlled.
 Due to small size machine is portable. And can also be used in small area.
 Decrease the disturbance of the agricultural soil by 98%.
 Save energy, money and time of a farmer.

5.2 DISADVANTAGES

● Proper sun light is required for continuous working.

5.3 APPLICATIONS

• Soil or moisture monitoring.

• Water level monitoring.
• Precision farming.
• Seed sowing.
17
 • Crop monitoring and analysis.
• Weeding and spraying .

CHAPTER 6 - CONCLUSION

The main focus of this system is its Automatic way of sowing the seeds. The seeds are being
sowed in a proper sequence which results in proper germination of seeds. This automatic way of
sowing seeds using a robot reduces the labor requirement. Here the wastage of seeds is also
being reduced to a greater extent. This system has been developed for the sowing of seeds in an
automatic way. Here with the help of a robot the seeds are been dispensed in the soil in a proper
sequence hereby reducing the wastage of seeds.

The planting process of the onion crop only has been implemented by using this Seed Sowing V
robot autonomously. This robot will help the farmers to do the farming process efficiently. The
project can be enhanced to any other kinds of crop such as fruits, paddy, sugarcane etc. The robot
can be designed with chain roller instead of normal wheel. Hence, it can be applicable to the real
time agricultural field.

With fully-automated farms in the future, robots can perform all the tasks like sowing, fertilizing,
monitoring of pests and diseases, harvesting, tilling, etc. This also enables the farmers to just
supervise the robots without the need to operate them. In future robot also run on PLC and
SCADA with fully automate

18
CHAPTER 7 - REFERENCES
[1] Mahesh R Pundikar – A review: Multiseed Sowing Machine, IJESS Volume 3, Issue 3.
ISSN:2249-9482

[2] Aditya Kawadaskar- Review method of seed soil and concept of multipurpose seed sowing
machine , IJPRET , 2013; Volume 1(8): 267-276

[3] B.Mursec – Testing of quality of sowing by pneumatic sowing machines , JAMME, Volume
26 , Issue 1 , January 2008

[4] Joginder Singh – Study relating to formulating long term mechanization strategy for each
agro climatic zone in India

[5] Shivaprasad B S , Ravishankara M N , B N Shoba – Design and implementation of seeding

and fertilizing agriculture robot , Volume 3 , Issue 6 , 2014

[6] Riya Desai – Removal of weeds using Image processing , IJACT, ISSN: 2319-7900

[7] Shohei Nakai , Yasuhiro Yamada – Development of weed suppression robot, IJMME ,
Volume 8 Issue 12 , 2014

[8] P.Vijay, K.V.N.Rakesh , B.Varun “Design of a Multi-Purpose Seed Sow Come Plough”
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, (ISSN 2250-2459,
ISO 9001:2008 Certified journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)

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