Non linear systems identification using intelligent techniques

Adarsh kumar , Ayush anand , Deepak singh , Gaurav kumar

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, B.Tech EEE (NBA Accredited)
Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

Abstract
• In this paper, a comparative study of the
identification of non-linear systems by various neural
network techniques is studied. Model of real systems
are important in about all disciplines.
• With a model, a system’s characteristics can be
analyzed and hence it turns to be first and important
step in development of the whole system.
• In this paper, we have analysed the efficacy of neural
network model to identify the non-linear system. We
• have considered MCP and non-linear neural such as
Elaman to identify mimo models.
•
• Neural networks have been utilized in numerous applications to
show the obscure relations between different boundaries in light
of enormous quantities of models. Instances of fruitful
utilization of Neural networks are arrangements of transcribed
digits, discourse acknowledgment, and the forecast of stock
costs. Besides, Neural networks are an ever-increasing number
utilized in clinical applications.
• An artificial neuron can be linear or nonlinear. A neural net
work, made up of an interconnection of nonlinear neurons, is
itself nonlinear.
• A neuron is an information-processing unit that is fundamental
to the operation of a neural network.
• The activation function, denoted by (v), defines the output of a
neuron in terms of the induced local field v. Here we identify
three basic types of activation functions:
Threshold Function-
Piecewise-Linear Function
Sigmoid Function
Introduction
• System can be used to find unexpected problems using simulation Nonlinear system are innately hard to test and to
with ease and clarity. accurately decipher the outcomes. Incredible
• As we know that in linear system the output is proportional to the consideration should be taken to stay away
input whereas in case of non linear system the output is not from assumptions of how the framework is probably
proportional to the input. Nonlinear control system has more going to answer, for frequently this would impact the
intricate plan than straight control system. kind of test being run and the handling procedures utilized.
• In this work, we have taken a non-linear plant for study and • As a result, a strong demand for advanced modelling
analysed the behaviour over period of time. Model of real system and identification arises and this project was an attempt
are important for analysis of the system for deep understanding . to compare advance intelligent techniques used widely
in now a days.
System Model
Fig. 1 Dual hop RF/FSO system with Nakagami-M distribution at RF link • There are three important types of neural
and F distribution at FSO link under pointing error networks that form the basis for most pre-
trained model.
ANN - Artificial Neural Networks
CNN - Convolution Neural Networks
RNN - Recurrent Neural Network
• The chain rule is involved by the back
propagation method in neural network to
decide the gradient of the loss function for a
solitary weight.
• Elman neural network (ENN) is a type of
Non-Linear Model of Neural Network recurrent neural networks (RNNs). When
comparing ENN to traditional neural
networks, ENN has a additional input from the
hidden layer, which forms a new layer which
is called as context layer. So the usual back-
propagation (BP) algorithm used in ENN is
called Elman back-propagation algorithm
(EBP)..

Result Simulation Parameters

• Fig 2. depicts the outage probability for dual hop
RF/FSO system with Nakagami-m/F distribution in
different atmospheric turbulence conditions [4]
(For weak atmospheric turbulence α=4.5916 and
β=7.0941, For moderate atmospheric turbulence
α= 2.3378 and β=4.5323and For strong
atmospheric turbulence α=1.4321 and β=3.4948)
and for different detection techniques: heterodyne
detection (t=1), IM/DD (t=2) [6]. The plots shows
the performed system is better in Heterodyne
detection rather than the IM/DD. Also, the effect
of pointing error gets severe the outage
probability also increases. When value of z
increases outage probability increases and when
value of z decreases outage probability increases.
Also, for weak atmospheric turbulence the outage
Fig. 2 Outage Probability vs Average SNR for heterodyne detection
and IM/DD over weak, moderate and strong turbulence
probability is lower than the strong atmospheric
turbulence. And Fig. 4 depicts the Average BER for
Fig. 4 Average bit error rate vs Average SNR for heterodyne
detection and IM/DD over weak, moderate and strong turbulence Conclusion
the same conditions. • In this chapter we have gone through
• Fig. 3 depicts the outage probability for different
the proposed work with its
threshold of SNR for the strong atmospheric The
plots determines that at γ_th =0dB the outage
identification model .We have also
probability is higher than the γ_th=20dB. This studied about algorithms in Back
means, increasing the value of threshold of SNR propagation.
the outage probability decreases.
• Fig. 5 describes the Average Bit Error Rate for
different modulations schemes which can be
achieved by varying the values of p and q in
equation (17) where p and q are modulation
dependent parameters [1]. For CBFSK p=0.5,
q=0.5. For CBPSK p=0.5, q=1. For NBFSK p=1,

References
[1] Rajesh Kumar1 · Smriti Srivastava2 · J. R. P. Gupta2 · Amit Mohindru, Comparative study of neural networks for dynamic nonlinear systems identification,
DOI: 10.1007/s00500-018-3235-5
[2] Nonlinear System Identification using Neural Networks and Trajectory-Based Optimization, Hamid Khodabandehlou, Mohammed Sami Fadali, DOI-
[3] Nonlinear System Identification using Neural Networks and Trajectory-based Optimization, Hamid Khodabandehlou1 and M. Sami Fadali, DOI: 10.5220/0007772605790586
[4] Identification and optimal control of nonlinear systems using recurrent neural networks and reinforcement learning: An overview
Author:- AdolfoPerrusq, WenYu
DOI:- 10.1016/j.neucom.2021.01.096

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