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Drilling Parameter Analysis in Solving Pipe Sticking in a Total Loss Circulation

Zone Case Study: Well "X" and Well "Y" Geothermal Well Ulubelu Field

Conference Paper · May 2013

DOI: 10.29118/IPA.0.13.SE.012

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 IPA13-SE-012

PROCEEDINGS, INDONESIAN PETROLEUM ASSOCIATION

Thirty-Seventh Annual Convention & Exhibition, May 2013

DRILLING PARAMETER ANALYSIS IN SOLVING PIPE STICKING IN A TOTAL LOSS

CIRCULATION ZONE CASE STUDY: WELL “X” AND WELL “Y” GEOTHERMAL WELL
ULUBELU FIELD

Syahrul*
Edo Pratama *

ABSTRACT Keywords: Geothermal Wells, Total Loss

In geothermal wells, the production zone is usually
a lost circulation zone. It is difficult to cure a
harmful lost circulation zone while it is important to
save its productive potential. If transport of cuttings
is bad and the removal of cuttings is not effective,
pipe can become stuck due to cuttings accumulation
in the wellbore on the low side of highly deviated
wells. In this case, a stuck pipe occurs after a total
loss circulation zone.
Drilling without returns in the total loss circulation
zone results in larger cuttings, making the
transportation of cuttings more difficult. The
cuttings accumulate in the borehole and a stuck pipe
occurs. Based on drilling parameter data, ROP,
WOB, and RPM, and comparing Well “X” and
Well “Y” geothermal wells in the Ulubelu Field, it
is shown that both wells have the same trends in the
stuck pipe problem. ROP and WOB are optimum
enough to apply in the total loss circulation zone
and to avoid producing larve volumes of cuttings in
short time periods but the RPM is too small,
generating larger cuttings sizes. In deviated wells,
the condition of high drill pipe rotation speeds
provides an effective means of mechanically
disturbing cutting beds and lifting them from the
low side into the main mudflow for removal, and
this process also results in smaller cuttings due to
crushing by the pipe. Based on the results of the
drilling parameter analysis, it is recommended to
keep the optimum ROP and WOB and to increase
the RPM up to 150 RPM. This is because rotary
speeds of 150 RPM can result in smaller cuttings
and have been shown experimentally to increase the
removal of cuttings beds dramatically so the
problem of a stuck pipe does not occur These
efforts can reduce drilling costs due to the stuck
pipe problem.
* UPN Veteran, Yogyakarta
Circulation Zone, Stuck pipe, Drilling
Parameters
INTRODUCTION
The success of geothermal drilling and production
operations is determined by high fracture
permeability and sufficient temperatures to generate
steam. The decision to drill a well must be made
even though fracture permeability and drilling
parameters are uncertain, consideringing the
expected cost, the non-productive time (NPT), and
whether the total depth can be reached in the time
planned. Drilling operations do not always occur as
per the planned schedule, and sometimes many
problems occur, which can stop the operation for a
long time waiting for a solution. The right solution
also impacts the total cost and could increase the
overall drilling cost. A highly productive fracture
and high-temperature system is required to make
geothermal projects economically viable and
continue for many years. The higher the fracture
density and permeability and the higher the
temperature, the bigger the rate of return on the
investment. However, lost circulation problems are
commonly encountered when drilling geothermal
wells. This problem causes NPT, increasing the cost
of the drilling operation, impacting on the
investment return.
Lost circulation is a loss of mud into the formation
during the drilling operation. Adding LCM (Lost
Circulation Material) into a drilling fluid system to
plug the fracture zone and to prevent drilling fluid
draining into the fractures can cure lost circulation.
Lost circulation also complicates the cementing
process and setting of the casing that must be run to
isolate the productive formation from the upper
interval. Lost circulation lowers the annular drill
fluid velocity and can cause non-effective transport
of cuttings to the surface, resulting in cuttings
accumulation at the low side of hole. When the low
side of the hole, which can slide back down the well
and pack off the bottomhole assembly. When
packing-off occurs, the torque increases, stopping
the string from rotating and the pipe becomes stuck.
This can have a major impact on well cost since it
can take a long time to solve the stuck pipe
problem.,
Lost circulation is closely related with the pipe
stickingproblem, because when the lost circulation
problem is being controlled, pipe stickingcan occur
at any time due to the potentially poor drilling
parameters which may result in the formation of a
cuttingsbed. A good understanding of the effect of
drilling parameters, WOB (Weight On Bit) and
RPM (Rotation Per Minute), in controlling the
formed cuttings is essential in the optimum
transport of cuttings to the fractured zone or loss
zone. By optimizing the parameters, the larger
cuttings due to excessive WOB or lower RPM can
be prevented, thus reducing the chance of pipe
stickingdue to the accumulation of cuttings.
This paper discusses the effect of WOB and RPM in
controlling the formed cuttings and provides ways
for managing the formed cuttings by adjusting both
parameters.
METHODOLOGY
In identifying the pipe sticking problems, analysis
of the data supporting the pipe sticking problems
needs to be undertaken. The analysis consists of
cutting analysis, X-Ray Defraction (XRD) analysis,
drilling parameters analysis, and drilling fluid
analysis. Figure 1 shows the flow chart or research
diagram of the study.
Cutting Analysis
Cutting analysis is needed to determine the types of
minerals in order to determine the type of alteration
needed in the cutting. Figure 2 shows the laboratory
procedure for the cutting analysis. The following
are the laboratory procedures for the cutting
analysis:
 Put the microscope (binocular) on the table by
holding the arm so that the microscope is fixed
in front of the user.
 Set the microscope
Determine the magnification of the objective lens,
the total magnification eyepiece and magnification
lens by looking at the objective and eyepiece lenses
 Specify the number scale
 Determine the aperture diaphragm
 Write down the serial number and number
display
 Specify the type of cutting
 Determine the mineral position (X,Y) by looking
at the position of minerals on a scale of abscissa
axis and the ordinate axis
 Describe the microscopic appearance of the
cutting
 Describe the minerals with their known optical
properties
X-Ray Defraction (XRD) Analysis
Prior to doing the XRD test, the cutting samples
have to be sieved using a 200 mesh sieve. The XRD
testing is performed using special equipment as can
be seen in Figure 3. In the testing process, 20
minutes per sample is required for the XRD test.
This is the XRD analysis procedure:
 Cut and grind samples for the 200 mesh sieve
 Take a sample and put it in a glass holder
 Put it on the XRD instrument
 Review the type of mineral preserved
diffractogram
Drilling Fluid Analysis
The drilling fluid analysis is intended to determine
the quality of the composition of materials for the
mud in Well “X”. Tests were first conducted to test
the quality of basic mud and bentonite. The second
procedure is the composition of mud used during
drilling operations penetrating the trajectory surface
casing and the intermediate casing. The third is
finding the composition of the Hi-Vis (High
Viscocity mud) used during the drilling operations
through the production casing. Figure 4 shows the
process for drilling fluid analysis.
a. Measurement of mud density
Following the procedure of measuring mud density
using a mud balance:
  Calibrate the mud balance
 Put the mud into a mud cup
 Close the cup, clean the mud attached to the
outer wall, and cover it in a clean cup
 Place the balance arm to its original position,
then adjust the rider to balance and the scale
will indicate the density reading
b. Measurement of mud viscosity
Following the procedure of measuring viscosity
using marsh funnel:
 Close the bottom of the funnel with a finger
marsh. Take the drilling fluid through a sieve
until the drilling mud is at the bottom of the
sieve (1500 cc)
 Once the vessel has provided certain contents
(1 quart = 946 ml), the measurement is
started by opening the fingers so that the mud
flows and is placed in a vessel earlier
 Record the time required (s) for the mud to
fill a particular vessel.
c. Measurement of plastic viscosity and yield point
The procedures of measuring plastic viscosity and
yield point using the Viscometer Fann VG are:
 Fill the vessel with mud up to specified limits
 Place the vessel in place, and set the position
of the rotor and bob immersed into the mud
under the specified limits
 Move the rotor to high and place it on a scale
of rotor rotational speed of 600 RPM.
Continue the rotation until the notch scale
(dial) is balanced. Note the number indicated
by the scale
 After reaching the balance, continue to
speeds of 300 RPM in the same way as above
d. Measurement of gel strength
The procedures of measuring the gel strength using
a Fann VG Viscometer are:
 After completing the measurement of plastic
viscosity and yield point, mix the mud in the
Viscometer Fann VG at a speed of 600 RPM
for 10 s
 Turn off the Fann VG Viscometer, then leave
the mud for 10 s
 After 10 s, move the rotor at a speed of 3
RPM. Read the maximum deviation of the
scale pointer
 Stir the return sludge with the Fann VG
Viscometer at a rotor speed of 600 rpm 10 s
 Repeat the above for the gel strength work
for 10 min (for a 10 min gel strength, the
silence time is 10 min)
e. Measurement of filtrate volume and mud cake
The procedures of measuring the filtrate volume
and mud cake using filter press are:
 Prepare and install a filter press and the filter
paper, and put the measuring cup under the
cylinder to accommodate fluid filtrate
 Take the mixture into the cylinder mud and
immediately close the meeting. Then flow the
air at a pressure of 100 psi
 Immediately record the filtrate volume as a
function of time with a stopwatch. Take
observations every 2 min in the first 20 min,
then 5 min to 10 min later. Also, take note of
the min volume of filtrate 7.5
 Stop air pressure, remove the air pressure in
the cylinder (bleed off), and take the
remaining sludge in the cylinder back into the
breaker
 Determine the thickness of the mud cake and
measure its pH
CASE STUDY: WELL “X” AND WELL “Y”
GEOTHERMAL WELL ULUBELU FIELD
Well “X” was drilled and completed (including
completion test) in 56 days 13 hours. This well
actually took for 19 days 13 hours more than the
planned drill and complet time. The additional time
was caused by pipe sticking at 1962 mKU. Figure 5
shows the actual well profile. Well “X” is a
production well, drilled with the last inclination of
35 degrees and in the N 290 E direction. The first
partial loss of circulation of drilling fluid occurred
at 1423 mKU, followed by total loss of circulation
at 1602 mKU. At a total depth of 1970 mKU, pipe
sticking occurred, and after trying to free the pipe in
many ways, it was finally decided to do a
mechanical back off, leaving the fish at 118.73 m,
with the top of the fish at 1844 mKU.
Well “Y” was drilled and completed in 66 days 3
hours. The planneddrilling and completion program
time was 37 days. Figure 6 shows the well profile of
Well “Y”. Well “Y” is a production well drilled
with the last inclination of 35 degrees with a
direction N 330 E. The first partial loss of drilling
mud occurred at 1430 mKU, followed by total loss
circulation at 1460 mKU. The total depth of this
well was 1639 mKU. The loss of circulation
resulted in the transport cuttings to the surface being
ineffective, and this is believed to be one of the
causes of pipe sticking whichoccurred six times in
this well. The final stuck pipe could not be freed,
resulting in requirement of a mechanical back-off,
leaving a 120 m fish in the hole.. A brittle formation
with fractures occurs at a depth interval of 1461–
1629 mKU (2.7–12 mnt/m). Pipe sticking tends to
occur while drilling in this interval. Figure 7 shows
rock fragments2–5 cm across, surrounded by clay,
near the bit stabilizer. These boulders also stuck on
the bit. The accumulation of cuttings in the borehole
is evident in the analysis of the cuttingstransported
to the surface with circulation, reaming, and a wash
down at an interval depth of 1400–1629 mKU.
These cuttings have the size of fine sand, as shown
in Figure 8. The coarse size is not transported to the
surface but left in the borehole. When there is a
drilled formation and reaming, there is an
intermittent return along with some total loss of
circulation (cutting is not transported to the
surface). Figure 9 shows an illustration of the pipe
sticking problem at Well “Y”.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the cutting analysis with a microscope
(binocular), of Well “X” has propylitic zones from
1500–1600 MKU (Table 1), and Well “Y” has
propylitic zones from 1450–1600 MKU, (Table 2).
In the propylitic zone, secondary silica, quartz,
epidote, chlorite, carbonate, and iron oxide
dominated where there was an increase in silica
further down the hole. The dominance of secondary
silica and quartz in the productive zone caused the
zone to become brittle.
The results of the XRD analysis for the sample
depths of 1501 m, 1504 m and 1507 m from the
wells are shown in Graph 1– 3. From these images,
the basal spacing of the minerals legible for the
1501 m sample is 3.32067 Å. For other samples, the
basal spacing is 3.33185 Å for the 1504 m sample
and 3.32344 Å for the 1507 m sample. These peaks
can be interpreted as a peak of diffraction for
mineral quartz or SiO2. Others mineral are
indeterminate: margalite, oxides of Fe (3+), and
amesite. From the analysis using XRD, it can be
said that the samples studied did not have the type
2:1 minerals that can expand and contract, or
mineral smectite, which has a basal spacing above
14 Å (seen in Figure 10–12). From the three graphs,
the quartz occurs . Due to demperature and
pressure effects, the quartz dissolves in places.
Crystallization occurs in lower temperature and
pressure areas (top of the formation) and forms a
brittle, secondary quartz mineral in those regions.
Table 3 shows the best results from measuring the
bentonite mud system. From the results, the quality
of bentonite obtained is quite good. The test of the
marsh funnel shows a 47.8 s/quart and 47 s/quart,
while a good API standard is 35–45 s/quart. The
data from the C600, PV, YP, GS 10’, GS 10’,
thickness of mud cake, and the pH have a number
close to the standard of API. However, the volume
of filtrate formed (19.6 ml and 18.8 ml) is far above
the standard API (13.5 ml). The test results of the
mud composition using the field mud shows that it
was viscous mud (Table 4). The viscosity can be
seen from the marsh funnel value of 737.7 s/quart
and 735 s/quart, where the API standard is 35–45
s/quart. However, the filtrate volume (7.4 ml and
7.6 ml) obtained passed the API standard. The test
results of the Hi-Vis composition without bentonite
showed very viscous mud (Table 5). The results of
the marsh funnel were 416 s/quart and 420 s/quart,
but the filtrate volume that formed was still at the
API standard of 18 ml. Highly viscous mud is
intended to bring cuttings to the surface.
Meanwhile, the use of the additive of KCl (Kalium
Chlorida) is ineffective because the formation being
penetrated is not reactive and it is brittle. Moreover,
the comparison of using the additive KCl with
bentonite is in the ratio 2:1.
Table 6 is the drilling parameter evaluation table for
the RPM, WOB, and ROP per depth and per
lithology in Well “X”. Starting from depth 898
mKU, the results are based on the depth below the
casing shoe at the 13 3/8” setting. From Table 6, it
can be seen that at a depth of 898–1600 mKU, the
ROP and WOB are optimum, while the RPM is high
enough to result in smaller cuttings, so it is easier to
transport cuttings and for hole cleaning. But after
passing a depth of 1600 mKU, the total lost
circulation zone was encountered, and it can be seen
from Graph 1 that the trend of ROP and WOB are
still optimum but that the RPM is relatively low,
resulting in larger cuttings and more difficulty in
transporting cuttings and hole cleaning in this lost
circulation zone. The cuttings are suspected not to
be transported effectively and some cuttings are not
lost into the fractures but insteadaccumulate in the
borehole, resulting in pipe sticking at 1775–1778
mKU. Pipe sticking also occursat a depth of 1970
mKU because the low RPM results in larger
cuttings, leading to ineffective transport of these
cuttings into the fractures.
Table 7 is drilling parameter evaluation table of
RPM, WOB, and ROP per depth and per lithology
of Well “Y”. Starting from depth 1152 mKU, the
results are based on the depth below the casing shoe
at the 13 3/8” setting depth.. Based on Table 7, from
1152–1639 mKU, the ROP and WOB are optimum,
while the RPM is quite low. It can be seen also from
Graph 2 that decreasing RPM is probably done
because the formation is brittle but as mentioned
before the cutting that is resulted is big enough. The
low RPM is suspected to result in larger cuttings,
making it difficult to transport the cuttings and
clean the hole. The total lost circulation zone occurs
at depths of 1460–1639 mKU, which probably
results in thepipe sticking problem at a depth of
1548 mKU, where high torque frequently occurs.
Pipe sticking occurs because of ineffective transport
of the cuttings to the fractures. This results from
larger cuttings, which are an effect of the low RPM,
Thus pipe sticking occurred due to the cuttings
accumulation. Similar to Well “X”, pipe sticking
occurs at depths of 1628 mKU and 1639 mKU,
where the ROP and WOB are optimum but the
RPM is too low, resulting in larger cuttings that are
difficult to transport and clean out ot the borehole in
the total lost circulation zone. Since the cuttings are
suspected to not be transported into the fractures,
the cuttings accumulate in the borehole.
Table 8 is the correlation between Well “X” and
Well “Y”. Both well correlations are based on
drilling parameters, including ROP, WOB, and
RPM at every depth where total lost circulation
happened. Table 8 shows that both wells have the
same trend: ROP and WOB are optimum while the
RPM is low. Low RPM results in larger cuttings
that are difficult to transport thus resulting in an
accumulation of cuttings in the bore hole, and the
pipe sticking occurs. Well “Y” tends to result in
pipe sticking because it has larger cuttings,
probably resulting from the low RPM. Well “X” is
similar. Therefore, all wells that have similar pipe
sticking problems or might be drilling through
fractured, lost-circulation zones should be evaluated
for increased RPM while drilling to prevent the pipe
sticking problem.
CONCLUSIONS
 Based on the cutting analysis of Well “X” and
Well “Y”, secondary silica and quartz in the
productive zone dominate, causing the zone to
become brittle
 Based on XRD analysis of Well “X”, the cuttings
are predominately secondary quartz mineral in
the productive zone that can cause the zone to
become brittle
 Based on the drilling fluid analysis of Well “X”,
the mud used in this well is very viscous,
 Based on the drilling parameters of Well “X”
after 1600 mKU, the ROP and WOB trends are
optimum enough but the RPM is relatively low,
resulting in larger cuttings in the borehole
 Based on the drilling parameter of Well “X” at
depths of 1152–1639 mKU, ROP and WOB
trends are still optimum but the RPM is low,
resulting in larger cuttings
 Increasing the RPM can solve the problem of
larger cuttings, thus preventing the pipe sticking
problem.
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Based on analysis of cuttings in the wellbore and
those circulated to surface, we recommend
increasing RPM, but staying within
recommended specifications, in order to
decrease overall average cutting size. The WOB
and ROP should be kept as stated here
 For both Well “X” and Well “Y”, it is
recommended to increase the RPM to 150 RPM
but it is important to prove this by undertaking
simulations before further drilling is conducted.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
On this occasion, we thank the lecturers of UPN,
Bpk. Ir. H. Aris Buntoro, MT; Ir. P. Subiatmono,
MT; Ir. Dr. H. Herianto, MSc, PhD.
REFERENCES
Beck, A, “Principles of Scanning Electron
Microscopy”, Jeol Hightech Co., Ltd., Japan, 1977.
Buntoro, A., “Lumpur Pemboran, Perencanaan dan
Solusi Masalah Secara Praktis”, Jurusan Teknik
Perminyakan, Fakutas Teknologi Mineral, UPN
“veteran” Yogyakarta, 1998.
Lummus, J.L. and Azar, J.J., “Drilling Fluids
Optimization, A Practical Field Approach”,
PennWell Books, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1986.
Rabia, H., “Oilwell Drilling Engineering, Principles
and Practice”, Graham & Trotman Limited,
London, UK, 1985.
Sartono, A.A., “Difraksi Sinar-X (X-RD)”, Tugas
Akhir, Proyek Laboratorium. Departemen Fisika,
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,
Universitas Indonesia. http://www.doitpoms.ac.uk
/tlplib/ xray-diffraction/single crvstal.php, 2006.
Warren, “X-Ray Diffraction”, Addittion-Wesley:
Massachussets, 1969.
----------, “API Recommended Practice Standard
Procedure For Field Testing Drilling Fluids”,
American Petroleum Institute, Washington D.C.,
Issued by API Production Department, Dallas,
Texas, API RP 13B, Tenth Edition, June 1, 1984.
----------, “Recommended Practice Standard
Procedure for Laboratory Testing Drilling Fluids”,
American Petroleum Institute, Washington D.C.,
Issued by API Production Department, Dallas,
Texas, API RP 13I, Second Edition, June 1, 1986.
 TABLE 1

RESULTS OF THE CUTTING ANALYSIS WITH MICROSCOPE

FROM WELL “X”

Nama Sumur Kedalaman Interpretasi Composite Log Mineral Interpretasi Team UPN "V" Yogyakarta Mineral

22 1501 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1504 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1507 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1510 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1513 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1516 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1519 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1522 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1525 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1528 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1531 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1534 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1537 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1540 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1543 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1546 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit
22 1549 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit Propilit
22 1552 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit, Silisifikasi
22 1555 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit, Silisifikasi
22 1558 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Epidot, Karbonat, Propilit, Silisifikasi
22 1561 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah silika, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1564 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah silika, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1567 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah silika, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1570 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah silika, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1573 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah silika, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1576 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1579 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Oksida Besi Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1582 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1585 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1588 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1591 Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1594 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1597 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
22 1600 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Kalsit, Klorit, Pirit, Clay, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, oksida besi, karbonat, epidot
 TABLE 2

RESULTS OF THE CUTTING ANALYSIS WITH MICROSCOPE

FROM WELL “Y”

Nama Sumur Kedalaman Interpretasi Composite Log Mineral Interpretasi Team UPN "V" Yogyakarta Mineral

24 1430 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Andesit Terubah kuarsa, firit, oksida besi
24 1433 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, karbonat, oksida besi
24 1436 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah
24 1439 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah
24 1442 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, mafik mineral, oksidasi besi
24 1445 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, mafik mineral, oksidasi besi
24 1448 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah kuarsa, karbonat, firit 
24 1451 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah
24 1454 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida besi, Firit, Karbonat
24 1457 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Breksi Tufa Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida besi, Firit, Karbonat
24 1463 Breksi Tufa Terubah Oksida Besi, Epidot Andesit Terubah  Kuarsa, Oksida besi, Firit, Karbonat Propilit
24 1550 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Terubah 
24 1553 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Terubah  Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1556 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Terubah  Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1559 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Terubah  Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1562 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Terubah  Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1565 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1568 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1571 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Firit, Oksida besi, Kuarsa, Karbonat
24 1574 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1577 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1580 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1583 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1586 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1589 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1592 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1595 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1598 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
24 1601 Breksi Andesit Terubah Kuarsa Sekunder, Klorit, Oksida Besi, Epidot Tufa Breksi Terubah Kuarsa, Oksida Besi, Mineral Mafik
 TABLE 3

RESULTS OF MEASURING BASIC MUD FROM WELL “X”

Aging Komposisi Densitas MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket

(hr) Lumpur 10” 10’
API Spec ppg s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13.5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
0 LD 8.65 47.8 52 39 13 26 9 12 19.6 0.14 8 Kental
(Bent. Lap)
(Bentonite Sample Well “X” Aging 19 hours)
Aging Komposisi Densitas MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket
(hr) Lumpur 10” 10’
API Spec ppg s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13.5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
19 LD 8.65 47 49 37 12 25 9 14 18.8 0.13 8 Kental
(Bent. Lap) 5

TABLE 4

RESULTS OF MEASURING FIELD MUD FROM WELL “X”

Aging Komposisi ρ MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket

(hr) Lumpur 10” 10’
API Spec – s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13.5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
0 350 ml air + 8.75 737.5 230 175 55 120 28 49 7.6 0.1 10 Sangat
10 gr Bent + Kental
0.5 gr KOH+
3 gr PAC-R +
3 gr PAC-L +
21.5 gr KCl +
3 gr Resinex
+ 0.5 gr XCD
(Mud of Well “X” Aging 19 hours)
Aging Komposisi ρ MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket
(hr) Lumpur 10” 10’
API Spec – s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13,5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
19 350 ml air + 8.75 735 230 173 57 116 24 32 7.4 0.1 10 Sangat
10 gr Bent + Kental
0.5 gr KOH+
3 gr PAC-R +
3 gr PAC-L +
21.5 gr KCl +
3 gr Resinex
+ 0.5 gr XCD
 TABLE 5

RESULTS OF MEASURING FIELD MUD WITH THE COMPOSITION OF HI-VIS

Aging Komposisi ρ MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket

(hr) Lumpur 10” 10’
API Spec – s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13,5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
0 350 ml air + 8.05 416 125 103 22 81 31 38 18 0.092 10 Sangat
0.25 gr KOH Kental
+ 2 gr PAC-R
+ 21.5 gr KCl
+ 1 gr Resinex
+ 3 gr XCD
(Mud with Hi-Vis of Well “X” Aging 19 hours)
ging Komposisi ρ MF C600 C300 PV YP GS GS VF MC pH Ket
(hr) Lumpur 10’ 10”
API Spec – s/ 30 – 8 3 x PV – – 13,5 cc – –
quart (min) (min) (max) (max)
19 350 ml air + 8.05 420 125 103 22 81 31 38 18 0.075 10 Sangat
0.25 gr KOH Kental
+ 2 gr PAC-R
+ 21.5 gr KCl
+ 1 gr Resinex
+ 3 gr XCD

TABLE 6

EVALUATION OF THE DRILLING PARAMETERS ON WELL “X”

INTERVAL LITOLOGI PROBLEM ROP/WOB/RPM

898 m 13.7 / 7 / 190

903 m 6.7 / 9.5 / 183

945 m 8.5 / 7.5 / 177

1073 m 5.6 / 14.2 / 188

1181 m 8.7 / 12.3 / 190

1204 m 8 / 12 / 182
1288 m 4.4 / 16.2 / 187

1309 m 8 / 14.4 / 176

1393 m 5 / 16.1 / 180

1400 m 3.9 / 15.6 / 180

1448 m 8.7 / 9.1 / 182

1501 m 2.9 / 8.2 / 175

1515 m 2.7 / 13.3 / 174

1564 m 3.4 / 17 / 179

1573 m 4.5 / 16.2 / 177

1588 m 4.5 / 15.8 / 187

1596 m 6.3 / 13.3 / 182

1600 m 2.1 / 16.7 / 174

1601 Total Loss 7.2 / 3.3 / 45

1751-1753 m Total Loss 9.6 / 7.3 / 80

1753-1786 m STUCK Total Loss 15 / 8 / 67
PIPE 1775-
1786-1832 m 1778 mku Total loss 6.7 / 9 / 60

1832-1870 m Total loss 6.7 / 7 / 70

1870-1952 m Total loss 8.6 / 10 / 60

1952-1970 m Total loss 11.4 / 7 / 70

1844 m TOP FISH 11.4 / 7 / 70
STUCK
1970 m Total Loss 11.4 / 7 / 70
PIPE
 TABLE 7

EVALUATION OF THE DRILLING PARAMETERS

ON WELL “Y”
INTERVAL LITOLOGI ROP/WOB/RPM PROBLEM

1152 m 15.5 / 14.4 / 68

1385 m 9.9 / 9.8 / 63

1421 m 13.2 / 10.4 / 62

1460 m 6.3 / 8.7 / 0 TOTAL LOSS

1473 m 3.3 / 7.4 / 44 TOTAL LOSS

1509 m 12.1 / 10.7 / 0 TOP OF FISH

1557 mKU 12-1/4" 5.8 / 5.9 / 46 TORSI TINGGI

1570 mKU 12-1/4" 9.7 / 5.2 / 38 TORSI TINGGI

1575 mKU 12-1/4" 7.4 / 4.9 / 38 TORSI TINGGI

1584 mKU 12-1/4" 4.8 / 5.6 / 37 Setelahkoneksi

(STUCK PIPE)
1588 m 4.1 / 6.5 / 36

1595 m 4.9 / 3.1 / 77

1600 m 4.2 / 5.6 / 73

1610 m 2.2 / 8.7 / 58

1620 m 5.6 / 8.7 / 57

1628 m 5.1 / 3.7 / 59 STUCK PIPE TOTAL LOSS

1634 m 6.9 / 9.55 / 76 TOTAL LOSS

1637 m 7 / 8.6 / 75 TOTAL LOSS

1638 m 9.5 / 2.75 / 75 TOTAL LOSS

1639 m 16.2 / 1.78 / 74 STUCK PIPE TOTAL LOSS

TABLE 8

CORRELATION OF THE DRILLING PARAMETERS BETWEEN

WELL “X” AND WELL “Y”

Well “X” Well “Y”

Interval
Interval (m) Problem ROP/WOB/RPM Problem ROP/WOB/RPM
(m)
1601 TLC 7.2 / 3.3 / 45 1460 TLC 6.3 / 8.7 / 0
1751–1753 TLC 9.6 / 7.3 / 80 1473 TLC 3.3 / 7.4 / 44
1753–1786 TLC STUCK 15 / 8 / 67 1628 TLC STUCK 5.1 / 3.7 / 59
1786–1832 TLC 6.7 / 9 / 60 1634 TLC 6.9 / 9.55 / 76
1832–1870 TLC 6.7 / 7 / 70 1637 TLC 7 / 8.6 / 75
1870–1952 TLC 8.6 / 10 / 60 1638 TLC 9.5 / 2.75 / 75
1952–1970 TLC STUCK 11.4 / 7 / 70 1639 TLC STUCK 16.2 / 1.78 / 74
 Start

Preparation Hole Problem Analysis: Drilling Parameters

data Pipe Sticking Analysis Analysis data

WOB
Preparing
Cutting XRD Drilling Fluid report
Analysis Analysis Analysis
ROP

Density Guidance
RPM

Rheology
Presentation
Filtrate
Volume &
Mud Cake
Finish

Figure 1 - Research Diagram.

Figure 2 - Procedure for the Cutting Analysis.

Figure 3 - Cutting Analysis with X-Ray Defraction (XRD).
 Samples for drilling fluid composition Condition of field mud at aging process

Measurement of density using mud balance Rheology test using Viscometer Fann VG

Measurement of viscosity Measurement of pH test and mud cake

using marsh funnel filtrate volume using
filter press

Figure 4 - The Drilling Fluid Analysis Process.

Figure 5 - Well Profile of Well “X”.
Figure 6 - Well Profile of Well “Y”.
Figure 7 - Appearance of Clay and Rock Fragments with size 2–5 cm, Probably From the Collapse From
the Interval Depth of 1430–1623 mKU.

Kuarsa Individual

Kuarsa Individual

Figure 8 - Appearance of Cutting When Reaming Down, Washing Down, and Circulation (interval depth of
1500–1629 mku).
 Figure 9 - Illustration of the Blocked Pipe on Well “Y”.

Figure 10 - Results of the XRD Analysis of Well “X” at 1501 mKU.

Figure 11 - Results of the XRD Analysis of Well “X” at 1504 mKU.

Figure 12 - Results of the XRD Analysis of Well “X” at 1507 mKU.

 Graph 1 - Drilling Parameters for Well “X”.

Graph 2 - Drilling Parameters for Well “Y”.

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